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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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PERBAIKAN PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL STEVIA (Stevia rebaudiana BERTONI M) MELALUI APLIKASI Trichoderma sp. -, Haryuni
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 5, No 2 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v5i2.2746

Abstract

AbstrakTujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji perbaikan pertumbuhan dan hasil stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni M) melalui penggunaan Trichoderma sp. Perbanyakan Trichoderma sp. dilakukan di laboratorium Balai Proteksi Perkebunan di Salatiga Jawa Tengah. Penelitian dirancang menggunakan rancangan factorial dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama adalah inokulasi Trichoderma sp (To = tanpa Trichoderma sp. & T1 = menggunakan Trichoderma sp. 100 g. Faktor kedua adalah variasi aplikasi perlakuan yaitu: 1). S0 = tanpa perlakuan, 2). S1 = 10 hari sebelum tanam, 3). S3 = tanama dan 4). S3 = 10 hari setelah tanam. Tiap perlakuan diulang tiga ulangan, tiap ulangan terdiri dari 16 tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inokulasi Trichoderma sp. dan aplikasi perlakuan S3 = 10 hari setelah tanam dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil dari tanaman tevia.AbstractThe object of this research was examine to repair of growth and yield of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni M) by Trichoderma sp. application. Reproduction of Trichoderma sp. performed in the laboratory center of Protection plantation Central of Java at Salatiga.The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized completely factorial design, consisted of two factors. The first factor was Trichoderma sp inoculation which were To = without Trichoderma sp. and T1 = Trichoderma sp. 100 g. The second factor was variation of plant application treatment, which were 1). S0 = without treatment, 2). S1 = 10 days before of planting , 3). S3 = planting and 4). S3 = 10 days after planting. Each treatment was repeated three times and each replicate consisted of 16 plants. The result showed that that the inoculation of Trichoderma sp. and application of treatmen 4 is S3= 10 days after planting increases plant growth and yields of stevia.
Identification of Heading Date Six (Hd6) Gene Derived from Rice Mutant Varieties Aryanti, Aryanti; Dwimahyani, Ita; Ishak, Ishak
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.9210

Abstract

Genes which were associated with flowering time to indicate the early maturity is known as heading date (Hd). Heading date six (Hd6) gene was identified from rice mutant varieties were Atomita 2, Atomita 3, Atomita 4, Bestari, Cilosari, Diah Suci, Sidenuk, Kahayan, Mayang, Meraoke, Mira-1, Pandan Putri, Superwin, Suluttan Unsrat 1, Suluttan Unsrat 2, Winongo, Woyla, Yuwono, while the rice var. Nipponbare was used as a positive control. All of rice mutant varieties derived from mutation induction by the dose of 0.2 kGy. The aim of this experiment was to find out the data base of mutant varieties which could be used as parent material with earlier maturity trait genetically. To obtain the DNA of plants, young leaves of each variety were extracted by liquid nitrogen, and then lysis and extracted by Kit Plant Genomic DNA. The amplification of DNA with 7 primers of Hd6 conducted of 40 cycles by PCR and were continues to separated by 1 % agarose. The results were shown that the rice Mira-1 and Bestari varieties obtained from mutation of Cisantana highly different from one to another on 7 primers of Hd6 used. Mayang variety from mutation of cross breeding between Cilosari and IR64, Pandan putri from Pandan wangi and Woyla from mutation of cross breeding from Atomita 2 and IR64 were highly different with those of their parents. Identification of Hd6 gene on Sidenuk variety was shown the same bands pattern with Nipponbare as control positive toward all primers used, this variety would be better for earlier maturity parent material compared to others. The information could be useful for breeding programs aiming to develop early maturing widely adaptive and high yielding rice cultivars.
Genetic Variation of Hampala Fish (Hampala macrolepidota) Population in PB. Soedirman Reservoir and Serayu River Suryaningsih, Suhestri; Simanjuntak, Sorta Basar Ida; Sukmaningrum, Sri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.12092

Abstract

Panglima Besar Soedirman waters reservoir and the Serayu River in Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java is one of the habitats of hampala fish . Hampala fish is a member of the Cyprinidae family, which has economic value but is fully captured from the wild. The study on the genetic diversity using approaches of isozyme analysis needed to support conservation and domestication of the fish in this area. This study was aimed at the genetic variation of the hampala fish population in PB. Soedirman water reservoir and the Serayu River in Banjarnegara Regency based on esterase (EST), acid phosphatase (ACP), peroxidase (PER), and aspartate aminotransferase (AAT). Visualization of the isozyme was carried out employing horizontal electrophoretic technique with potato starch. From the results of this study it can be concluded that the hampala fish from the reservoir of PB. Soedirman, Serayu River area before reservoir and after reservoir, all of which are in Banjarnegara Regency, can visualized isozymes EST, ACP, and AAT well, except PER isozyme. This finding can be used as based information on population genetics and finally can be used for conservation of this fish. The results of this study are expected to be utilized to evaluate the potential genetic condition of hampala fish, which is the basis for conservation strategy and domestication.
Uji Mutagenik β-Karoten Alga Merah Rhodymenia Pseudopalmata terhadap Mencit Jantan Galur Balb/C yang Diinduksi 7,12-Dimetilbenzen (A)Antrasen (DMBA) Astutiningsih, Christina; Limantara, Leenawaty; Radjasa, Ocky K.
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 2, No 1 (2010): March 2010
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v2i1.1146

Abstract

Carotenoids are important biological compounds in cancer prevention because theycan inhibit the formation of free radicals, which react directly with oxygen. This researchwas aimed to determine the effect of antimutagenic â-carotene on 7.12-dimetilbenz(a)antracene (DMBA)-induced mice. From the observation of the mortality rate during theresearch period, the DMBA group showed the highest rate of mortality compared to thecontrol group and the groups of â-carotene isolates. The incidence of tumors showed thedeclining trend in the groups of test animals that were given with the increasing dosesof β-caroten isolate, i.e. 1.82; 3.64 and 7.28 mg kg-1 BW. The result may be caused bythe increasingly high levels of â-carotene in the test solutions, resulting in the lowertissue damage and the inhibited growth of tumors in the lungs. Based on Kruskal-Wallisstatistical analysis conducted on lung histology observational data for ten samples ofeach treatment group, it was confi rmed that there were signifi cant differences betweentreatments, which mean that â-carotene isolates can inhibit cancer growth in lung andskin of DMBA-induced animals.Keywords: β-carotene isolate, antimutagenic, DMBA (7,12-dimetilbenz(a)antracene)
Genetic Variability, Heritability, and Correlation of Some Agronomical Characters of Soybean Varieties Kuswantoro, Heru; Artari, Rina; Rahajeng, Wiwit; Ginting, Erliana; Supeno, Agus
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 1 (2018): April 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i1.11014

Abstract

Genetic diversity and inheritance of the traits determine the success of the breeding program. Analysis of genetic variability and heritability assist breeders to decide a strategy and appropriate selection criteria that will be used to repair the desired character. The purpose of this study was to obtain information about genetic diversity, heritability and correlation of nine agronomic characters of soybean varieties. The materials were 16 soybean varieties that arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. The results showed that days to flowering, number of branches per plant, number of reproductive nodes, number of unfilled pods per plant, weight of 100 seeds, and grain yield revealed broad CVG (Genetic Coeffiecient of Variance), whereas the days to maturity, plant height, number of pods per plant had a narrow CVG. CVP (Phenotypic Coeffiecient of Variance) value higher than the value of CVG on all the observed characters with a slight difference, except for grain yield. The broad sense heritability varied from low (seed yield), medium (the number of branches, number of reproductive nodes, number of pods and the number of unfilled pods), and high (days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, and weight of 100 seeds). Characters of days to flowering and weight of 100 seeds are effectively used as selection criteria because they had a broad CVG and high heritability. Correlation of all yield components to the seed yield was not significant, and negatively correlated to weight of 100 seeds. Variety with higher plant height tended to have a higher number of branches, reproductive nodes and filled pod per plant.
The Effects of Terminalia catappa L. Leaves Extract on the Water Quality Properties, Survival and Blood Profile of Ornamental fish (Betta sp) Cultured Nugroho, Rudy Agung; Manurung, Hetty; Saraswati, Dewi; Ladyescha, Deasy; Nur, Firman Muhammad
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 2 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i2.6519

Abstract

This research aimed to determine the phytochemicals content of Terminalia catappa leaves extract (TCL) and its effects on the survival and blood profiles of ornamental fish (Betta sp) Ninety fish were randomly assigned into six triplicates groups and reared in various concentration of TCL: 0 (control), 125, 250, 375, 500, 625 ppm for 30 days. Temperature, Dissolve oxygen (DO), and pH were monitored during the trial. After 30 days, survival, Red Blood Cells (RBC), White Blood Cells (WBC), haemoglobin (Hb), lymphocyte, and total protein serum (TPS) were analyzed. Based on the phytochemicals test, saponin, triterpenoid, quinon, phenolic, tannin, and flavonoid were detected on the TCL. Temperature and DO were not affected by any concentration of TCL. The lowest pH (5.05) was found in fish medium immersed with 625 ppm of TCL. Adding TCL above 375 ppm resulted in significantly higher survival, RBC, and Hb. The highest WBC was found in fish immersed with 625 ppm whereas the lowest lymphocyte was found in fish immersed with 375 of TCL. However, immersing any various concentration of TCL did not affect on the TPS. In summary, immersing TCL above 375 ppm is beneficial to enhance survival, RBC, WBC, and Hb of Betta sp.How to CiteNugroho, R. A., Manurung, H., Saraswati, D., Ladyescha, D. & Nur, F. M. (2016). The Effects of Terminalia catappa L. Leaves Extract on the Water Quality Properties, Survival and Blood Profile of Ornamental fish (Betta sp) Cultured. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(2), 240-247.
Efek Interaksi Ragi Tape dan Ragi Roti terhadap Kadar Bioetanol Ketela Pohon (Manihot Utilissima, Pohl) Varietas Mukibat Kurniawan, Tri Budi; Bintari, Siti Harnina; Susanti, R.
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 6, No 2 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v6i2.3783

Abstract

Ketela pohon (Manihot utilissima, Pohl) varietas mukibat berpotensi sebagai bahan baku bioetanol. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek interaksi ragi tape dan ragi roti terhadap kadar bioetanol ketela pohon mukibat dan menentukan interaksi terendah yang efektif menghasilkan bioetanol yang dapat terbakar. Sampel yang digunakan adalah ketela pohon mukibat umur 7 bulan dengan berat rata-rata 500 gram. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola faktorial, yaitu konsentrasi ragi tape (0%, 0,3%, 0,6% dan 0,9%) dan konsentrasi ragi roti (0%, 0,3%, 0,6% dan 0,9%) dengan 3 kali ulangan. Parameter yang diukur meliputi jumlah sel khamir (data pendukung) dan kadar bioetanol (data utama). Data kadar bioetanol yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan anava dua arah dan dilanjutkan uji Duncan (DMRT) pada taraf kesalahan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh interaksi ragi tape dan ragi roti terhadap kadar bioetanol ketela pohon mukibat p>0,05. Konsentrasi ragi tape dan ragi roti yang tinggi menghasilkan kadar bioetanol yang tinggi. Interaksi ragi tape 0,6% dan ragi roti 0,3% (T2R1) merupakan interaksi terendah yang efektif menghasilkan kadar bioetanol yang dapat terbakar (36%). Interaksi ragi tape 0,9% dan ragi roti 0,9% (T3R3) menghasilkan kadar bioetanol tertinggi dengan rata-rata mencapai 49,8%.Cassava (Manihot utilissima, Pohl) var Mukibat is potential for bioethanol feedstock. The study aimed to determine the effects of the interaction of bread yeast and tape yeast on the concentration of mukibat cassava bioethanol and to determine the lowest effective interaction can produce flammable bioethanol. The samples used were mukibat cassava aged 7 months with an average weight of 500 grams. Research design was completely randomized design factorial, tape yeast concentration (0%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9%) and the concentration of yeast bread (0%, 0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9%) with 3 replications. Parameters measured include the number of yeast cells (supporting data) and ethanol concentration (primary data). Bioethanol content data obtained were analyzed using two-way ANAVA and Duncan continued test (DMRT) at the level of 5% error. The results showed that no effect of the interaction of breads yeast and tape yeast on levels of cassava bioethanol p> 0.05. The concentration of bread yeast and tape yeast yielded in high concentration of ethanol. The interaction of yeast tape 0.6% and 0.3% bread yeast (T2R1) gave the lowest effective interaction produced 36% ethanol. The interaction of tape yeast 0.9% and 0.9% bread yeast (T3R3) resulted in the highest ethanol concentration with an average reached 49.8%.
The Effect of Biofertilizer on The Diversity of N2O Reducing Bacteria in Paddy Fields of Sukabumi, Indonesia Cahyadi, Alfan; Rusmana, Iman; Mubarik, Nisa Rachmania
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.9796

Abstract

Some of the methanotrophic bacteria and N2O reducing bacteria have been proven to be able to support the plant growth and increase the productivity of paddy. However effect of the methanotrophic and N2O reducing bacteria application as a biofertilizer to indigenous N2O reducing bacteria is still not well known yet. The aim of this study was to analyze the diversity of N2O reducing bacteria in lowland paddy soil based on a nosZ gene. Soil samples were taken from lowland paddy soils in Pelabuhan Ratu Sukabumi, West Java, Indonesia. There were two treatments for the paddy field soil, ie. biofertilizer-treated field 20% fertilizer (50 kg/ha) with the addition of biofertilizer and 100% fertilizer. PCR amplification of nosZ gene was successfully conducted using nosZF and nosZR primer pair. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE) process was conducted at 150 V for 5.5h. There were three differences nosZ bands were sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis showed that they were close to uncultured bacteria. Microbial diversity in the biofertilizer-treated field was higher than that of in the 100% fertilizer-treated field. The biofertilizer treatment has higher in microbial diversity than that of applied non-biofertilizer paddy fields. This research might have impact in the application of biofertilizers due to the emission of N2O as a green house gas from paddy fields farming activity. The biofertilizer has great potential application in sustainable environmental friendly agriculture systems.
The Potential of Microbial Symbionts Macrotermes gilvus Hagen Termite Gut as Degrading Agents of Cellulose in Bioethanol Production Susilowati, Dewi; Subekti, Niken; Bintari, Siti Harnina
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.14965

Abstract

Water hyacinth is a potential feedstock for bioethanol production because of their high cellulose. The microbial symbionts of the Macrotermes gilvus termite’s gut have a high endoglucanase enzyme activity. This research was aimed to analyze the pH, temperature and agitation effects towards cell density, endoglucanase enzyme activity and reducing sugar, and to determine the effective optimum condition that can produce maximum reducing sugar. This research used central composite design (CCD) with the total number of run was . The independent variables were including pH (5.9, 6.4, 7.0, 7.6, 8.0), temperature (30 0C, 33 0C, 37 0C, 41 0C, 44 0C) and agitation (90 rpm,114 rpm, 150 rpm,185 rpm, 210 rpm), with six replications at central points. Parameters measured were cell density, endoglukanase enzyme activity and reducing sugar, thus analyzed by the statistical software package MINITAB 18.0. The Student’s t-test result showed the primary sequence influencing cell density as pH ˃ agitation ˃ temperature and towards endoglucanase enzyme activity and reducing sugar as pH ˃ temperature ˃ agitation, P ˂ 0.05. The maximum reducing sugar (60.13 ± 3.16 mmolL-1) was obtained at pH 6.95, temperature 37 0C and agitation 150 rpm. The results of this research can be used to explore the more potential microbial symbionts of the Macrotermes gilvus Hagen termite’s gut.
Penurunan Jumlah dan Motilitas Spermatozoa Setelah Pemberian Ekstrak Biji Pepaya (Kajian Potensi Biji Papaya sebagai Bahan Kontrasepsi Alternatif) The Declining of Spermatozoa Number and Motility of Mice Were Treats with Papaya Seeds Extract Kristijanti, Wulan
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 1, No 1 (2009): March 2009
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v1i1.38

Abstract

Organs of many plants have been used as male contraception materials. One of the organs is papaya seed. This seed contains carpain, a molecule that could cause vacuole initiation on Sertoli cell. The research aimed to know whether papaya seed carpain affects mice spermatozoa quality. This research is an experimental one that makes use of 24 male mice. These mice are separated into 4 groups. Each group has its own papaya seed extract doses. The first group is the mice group that is given by doses of 0 mg/200 gr body weights. And the following groups are 10 mg/200 gr body weight for group II, 20 mg/200 gr body weight for group III, and 40 mg/200 gr body weight for group IV. Oral supplement of the papaya seed is 1 ml/mouse/day in the term of 40 days. These oral supplement is followed by reversibility time for 40 days. The data consist of spermatozoa viability, motility, and amount. These data are analyzed by 2 x 4 factorial analysis in the test scale of 5%. Statistical analysis shows significant differences among each treatment (8.27 > 2.76), spermatozoa taking time (5.81 > 4.60) and dose variation among groups (15.29 > 3.34). There are also significant differences among motility treatment (24.94 > 2.76), time (4.66 > 4.60) and doses (55.03 > 3.34). There is no significant difference among viability (3.22 < 3.74) nor treatment (2.30 < 2.76). The research concluded that papaya seed extract affects the spermatozoa motility and the decrease of spermatozoa numbers, but not to the reversibility and the viability. Keywords: contraception, papaya seed, reversibility

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