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Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 2085191X     EISSN : 23387610     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Biosaintifika Journal of Biology & Biology Education, an electronic international journal, provides a forum for publishing the original research articles, review articles from contributors, and the novel technology news related to biological research and biological education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,068 Documents
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Constructivist Learning Environment During Virtual and Real Laboratory Activities Widodo, Ari; Maria, Resik Ajeng; Fitriani, Any
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i1.7959

Abstract

Laboratory activities and constructivism are two notions that have been playing significant roles in science education. Despite common beliefs about the importance of laboratory activities, reviews reported inconsistent results about the effectiveness of laboratory activities. Since laboratory activities can be expensive and take more time, there is an effort to introduce virtual laboratory activities. This study aims at exploring the learning environment created by a virtual laboratory and a real laboratory. A quasi experimental study was conducted at two grade ten classes at a state high school in Bandung, Indonesia. Data were collected using a questionnaire called Constructivist Learning Environment Survey (CLES) before and after the laboratory activities. The results show that both types of laboratories can create constructivist learning environments. Each type of laboratory activity, however, may be stronger in improving certain aspects compared to the other. While a virtual laboratory is stronger in improving critical voice and personal relevance, real laboratory activities promote aspects of personal relevance, uncertainty and student negotiation. This study suggests that instead of setting one type of laboratory against the other, lessons and follow up studies should focus on how to combine both types of laboratories to support better learning.
Growth and Protein Content Establishment of Pleurotus ostreatus on Liquid and Solid Medium Mumpuni, Aris; Ekowati, Nuraeni; Purnomowati, Purnomowati; Purwati, Endang Sri
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.11660

Abstract

Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation is performed using solid medium to harvest fruit body and using liquid medium to harvest mycelia in submerged culture. Modifying nutrients in the medium to increase protein content of the fruitbody and mycelia can be done through addition of nitrogen-containing materials. This study aims to determine: the appropriate composition of the liquid medium for high mycelial growth and protein content; and the exact composition of the solid medium to obtain high fruitbody product and protein content. The method was experimental with completely randomized design (CRD). The treatments were incubation of P. ostreatus on three types of liquid medium and four types of solid medium. The results showed that the optimal liquid medium composition for mycelial growth was Liquid Fermentation Medium 1 (FC1) with 10% corn fluor, and the highest protein content was in Liquid Fermentation Medium 2 (FC2 = 29.76%). While the optimal solid medium composition for fruitbody production was the medium with 3% corn starch supplement (TJ3), and the highest protein content was obtained from the medium without corn starch supplement (TJ0=24.69%). The increase of mycelial and fruitbody weight from the medium with the addition of corn material indicated a prospective in cultivation process, however effort to increase protein content of the fruit body needs further research. Cultivating P. ostreatus in mycelial phase may take shorter incubation time, may be produced in mass production with less space consuming, and higher protein content than that by producing fruitbody.
Ethnotaxonomical Study of Mole Crab (Crustacea:Hippoidea) on Coastal Community of Cilacap Bhagawati, Dian; Anggoro, Sutrisno; Zainuri, Mohammad; Syarani, Lachmudin
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 2 (2016): September 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i2.6491

Abstract

Local wisdom is a cultural heritage that needs to be preserved. The Cilacaps coastal communities have traditional taxonomy knowledge that hasnt been informed, especially about mole crab. This study aimed to explore the ethnotaxonomy knowledge of sand crabs (Crustacea: Hippoidea) in Widarapayung coastal communities. The purposive snowball sampling was used for the method, followed by observation and semi-structured interviews with 30 respondents. Data were analyzed descriptively based on observations and interviews. The results showed that the coastal communities in Widarapayung tourist areas could be divided into five groups, namely catchers, collectors, processors, traders, and consumers. The catcher was able to recognize and describe three types of sand crabs based on the shape of the body and their catchment areas. Captured crabs had the local name of yutuk jambe (Emerita emeritus Linnaeus 1767), the appellation was based on carapace shape that resembled the shape of areca fruit; Yutuk bathok (Hippa adactyla Fabricius 1787), had the carapace shape resembling a coconut shell, and yutuk Kethek (Albunea symmysta Linnaeus 1758), had ornaments on the carapace surface similar with a monkey face, there were dense setae on the edge of the carapace, spiny long antennas and aggressively pinch when captured. The knowledge and skills of sand crabs classification and local name entitlement acquired by the people were in accordance with the Berlins model.How to CiteBhagawati, D., Anggoro, S., Zainuri, M. & Syarani, L. (2016). Ethnotaxonomical Study of Mole Crab (Crustacea:Hippoidea) on Coastal Community of Cilacap. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(2), 222-230.
Keanekaragaman dan Kelimpahan Gastropoda di Pantai Selatan Kabupaten Pamekasan, Madura Rahmasari, Titis; Purnomo, Tarzan; Ambarwati, Reni
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 7, No 1 (2015): March 2015
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v7i1.3535

Abstract

Pesisir selatan Kabupaten Pamekasan memiliki beberapa pantai dengan profil yang berbeda-beda. Perbedaan profil pantai tersebut tampak pada substrat dasar perairan masing-masing, sehingga komunitas biota dasar perairan, misalnya Gastropoda yang terdapat di pantai-pantai tersebut juga berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis, keanekaragaman, dan kelimpahan Gastropoda di pantai selatan Kabupaten Pamekasan Madura. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode transek dilakukan di pantai selatan Pamekasan pada tiga stasiun penelitian, yaitu Pantai Bengkal, Pantai Talang Siring, dan Pantai Jumiang. Pada setiap pantai ditentukan tiga garis transek ke arah laut dan pada masing-masing garis transek dibagi menjadi tiga bagian, yaitu intertidal atas, intertidal tengah, dan intertidal bawah. Keanekaragaman Gastropoda dianalisis berdasarkan perhitungan indeks keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan relatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di pantai selatan Kabupaten Pamekasan Madura ditemukan 29 jenis Gastropoda yang terbagi ke dalam 14 famili. Indeks keanekaragaman Gastropoda di Pantai Bengkal memiliki nilai indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi, yaitu sebesar 2,4398 diikuti Pantai Talang Siring (2,0988) dan Pantai Jumiang (1,6200) Indeks keanekaragaman jenis Gastropoda sebesar 3,0075, termasuk kategori keanekaragaman yang tinggi. Gastropoda yang paling melimpah adalah Nassarius distortus diikuti Littoraria scabra dan Nassarius leptospirus dengan kelimpahan relatif berturut-turut 11,21%; 9,09%; dan 8,03%. Informasi ini menegaskan bahwa indeks keragaman Gastropoda rendah ditemukan di pantai yang menjadi tujuan wisata dan dekat pemukiman penduduk (pantai Jumiang), sehingga diperlukan pengendalian terhadap pencemaran pantai akibat aktivitas manusia.Southern shores of Pamekasan consists of beaches with different profiles. The difference can be found in the type of substrate which causes variation of invertebrate community living in this shores, i.e.gastropods. The study aimed to identify the species of gastropods as well as to describe the diversity and abundance of gastropods in the southern shores of Pamekasan Madura. Sampling was carried out on three research stations located at the southern shores of Pamekasan (Bengkal Beach, Talang Siring Beach, and Jumiang Beach). Three transect lines were placed at each research station and each transect line was divided into three sampling sites, namely upper intertidal, middle intertidal, and lower intertidal. The diversity of gastropods was analyzed using the diversity index and relative abundance. The results showed that 29 species of gastropods which belong to 14 families were found in the southern shores of Pamekasan. The diversity of gastropods in southern shores of Pamekasan was high (the diversity index was 3.0075). The most abundant species was Nassarius distortus, followed by Littoraria scabra and Nassarius leptospirus with relative abundance 11.21%; 9.09%; and 8.03%, respectively found in tourist destinations and near settlements (Jumiang beach), so that the necessary control of coastal pollution due to human activity. This information confirms that the diversity index of gastropods were low, especially found in coastal tourist destinations and near settlements (Jumiang beach), so that the necessary control of coastal pollution due to human activity. Found on the beach that become tourist destinations and near settlements (Jumiang beach), so that the necessary control of coastal pollution due to human activity.
Effect of Temperature Shock on the Triploidization Success of Seurukan Fish (Osteochilus vittatus) Eriani, Kartini; Syahrin, Alfis; Muchlisin, Zainal Abidin
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 2 (2017): August 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i2.8680

Abstract

Seurukan fish (Osteochilus vittatus) has many advantages, besides the fish also has disadvantages which are the slow growth, so the temperature shock of triploidization technique was expected to solve the problem. The objective of the present study was to obtain an effective temperature to increase of triploidization success of seurukan fish (Osteochilus vittatus). The experimental method and completely randomized design model were used in this study. Five levels of temperature shocks at three replicates were tasted: 4? (cold), 6? (cold), 28? (normal), 35? (heat) and 37? (heat). The sperms and eggs were fertilized in the plastic jar then a total 100 of fertilized eggs (zygotes) were taken randomly 3 minutes after fertilization and soaked in respective temperature for 90 seconds, and then incubated in incubation jars at the water temperature of 28-29?. The results showed that the temperature shock gave the significant effect on the hatching and the success of triploidization success (P?0.05), but did not give the significant effect the fertility and survival rates (P>0.05). The triploid fish can be achieved using cold and heat shock, but the higher triploid fish was recorded at 37? was the best temperature recommended for triploidization of Seurukan fish.
Moleculer Detection of Protozoa Trichodina spp. In Gourami (Osphromenus Gourame Lac.) Larvae with The infecting 18S rRNA Gene Marking in Exs. Residence of Banyumas, Central Java Rokhmani, Rokhmani; Setyawati, Endang Ariyani; Wahyono, Daniel Joko
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 10, No 2 (2018): August 2018
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v10i2.11720

Abstract

Protozoa species of Trichodina spp. may be found in most hatchery centers in Banyumas, Purbalingga, and Banjarnegara. However, the determination of Trichodina spp. types is still based on its body’s morphological variations, not yet molecular. A research has been conducted to identify molekuler of the Trichodina spp. with the infecting 18S rRNA gene marking on the gourami larvae in Exs. Residence of Banyumas, Central Java. The research used a survey method with the samples of gourami. Amplification of 18S rRNA gene from Trichodina heterodentata was Performed using PCR technique. Primer used is Forward primer (5 ‘-AAC CTG GTT GAT CCT GCC ATG-3’) and Reverse primer (5 ‘-TGA TCC TTC TGC AGG TTC ACC TAC-3’) which produces a 600 pb amplicon of DNA. Molecular research can be a complementary identification of organisms morphologically. Amplification of the partial 18S rRNA gene may be used to identify Trichodina specifically. Gourami larvae taken from the hatchery centers in Banyumas, Purbalingga, and Banjarnegara. The results show that the detected percentage of Trichodina heterodentata genes with the infecting 18S rRNA gene marking on the gourami larvae in Central Java taken from the hatchery centers in Banyumas, Purbalingga and Banjarnegara are respectively 10%, 10%, and 45%. This research provides a benefit in mapping the presence of protozoa pathogen of Trichodina spp. in gourami hatcheries in the Former Exs. Residence of Banyumas, Central Java
Preliminary Study on the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) of XRCC1 Gene Identificationto Improve the Outcomes of Radiotherapy for Cervical Cancer Tetriana, Devita; Mailana, Wiwin; Kurnia, Iin; Syaifudin, Mukh
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 7, No 2 (2015): September 2015
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v7i2.3949

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the most fatal disease among Indonesian women. In recognition of the substantial variation in the intrinsic response of individuals to radiation, an effort had been done to identify the genetic markers, primarily Single Nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are associated with responsiveness of cancer cells to radiation therapy. One of these SNPs is X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1) that is one of the most important genes in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair pathways. Meta-analysis in the determination of the association of XRCC1 polymorphisms with cervical cancer revealed the potential role of XRCC1 polymorphisms in predicting cell response to radiotherapy.Our preliminary study with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed that radiotherapy affected the XRCC1 gene analyzed in blood of cervical cancer patient. Other published study found three SNPs of XRCC1 (Arg194Trp, Arg280His, and Arg399Gln) that cause amino acid substitutions. Arg194Trp is only SNPs that associated with high risk of cervical cancer but not others. Additionally, structure and function of this protein can be altered by functional SNPs, which may lead to the susceptibility of individuals to cancers. Anotherstudy found G399A polymorphisms. We concluded that SNP of this DNA repair genes have been found to be good predictors of efficacy of radiotherapy.Kanker serviks adalah penyakit yang paling fatal pada perempuan di Indonesia. Untuk memahami variasi substansial respon intrinsik individual terhadap radiasi, suatu usaha telah dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi petanda genetik, terutama Single Nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), yang berkaitan dengan responsel kanker terhadap terapi radiasi. Satu dari SNP tersebut adalah X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1 (XRCC1) yang merupakan satu dari gen paling penting dalam lajur perbaikan asam deoksiribonukleat (DNA). Meta-analysis dalam penentuan hubungan polimorfisme XRCC1 dengan kanker serviks menemukan adanya peranan potensial polimorfisme XRCC1 dalam memprediksi respon sel terhadap radioterapi. Studi awal kami menggunakan real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) menunjukkan bahwa radioterapi mempengaruhi gen XRCC1yang dianalisis dalam darah pasien kanker serviks. Studi yang telah dipublikasi menemukan tiga SNP dari XRCC1 (Arg194Trp, Arg280His, dan Arg399Gln) yang menyebabkan substitusi asam amino. Arg194Trp merupakan satu-satunya SNP yang berkaitan dengan tingginya risiko kanker serviks, tetapi tidak pada yang lain. Di samping itu, strukturdan fungsi protein ini dapat berubah oleh SNP fungsional, yang mengarah ke kerentanan individu untuk menderita kanker. Studi lain menemukan polimorfisme G399A. Kami menyimpulkan bahwa SNP dari gen perbaikan DNA ini merupakan prediktor yang baik dari keberhasilan radioterapi.
POTENSI HIDROLISAT TEMPE SEBAGAI PENYEDAP RASA MELALUI PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK BUAH NANAS Machin, Achmad
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 4, No 2 (2012): September 2012
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v4i2.2275

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan perlunya pengembangan penyedap rasa alternatif berbahan hidrolisat tempe dan proses pembuatannya, menguji jenis asam amino, kadar protein dan uji organoleptik. Metode eksperimen digunakan pada penelitian ini. Pengujian jenis asam amino melalui teknik kromatografi, kadar protein terlarut melalui metode Biuret dan uji organoleptik produk dibandingkan penyedap rasa sintetis. Hasil yang didapatkan adalah pengembangan penyedap rasa hidrolisat tempe perlu dilakukan karena alasan dampak mengkonsumsi penyedap rasa sintetis, pengembangan teknologi, sumber penghasilan dan potensi penelitian. Proses pembuatannya melalui penambahan sari nanas pada tempe yang telah dikukus dan diblender dengan perbandingan tempe:air:sari nanas 1: 0,5:0,5. Pengovenan selama 2 jam pada suhu 55C, penambahan dektrin + NaCl (masing-masing sebanyak 0,5 gr/100 gr tempe), pengovenan kembali selama 2 jam pada suhu 55C. Perlakuan B2 (pengovenan pada suhu 55C selama 2 jam) menghasilkan asam glutamat. Produk ini berpotensi membentuk monosodium glutamat dengan penambahan NaCl. Jumlah protein terlarut dipengaruhi oleh lama pengovenan dan suhu. Produk hidrolisat tempe sebagai penyedap rasa menghasilkan rerata kesukaan warna (3,3 = menarik), aroma (3,9 = sangat suka) dan menghasilkan cita rasa sama jika ditambahakan sebanyak 2 kali dibandingkan penyedap rasa sintetis.This research was aimed to describe the need for the development of alternative flavor made from hydrolyzated tempe and its manufacturing process, to test the types of amino acid, to measure the protein levels and to test the favor organoleptically. This was an experimental study. The types of amino acid was tested using chromatographic technique, the level of soluble protein was tested using Biuret method and the products were compared organoleptically. The study showed that the development of hydrolyzated tempe flavoring needs to be performed by the reason of the impact of consuming synthetic flavors, the technology development and the research potential. The manufacturing process was done by adding pineapple juice in steamed and blended tempe (the ratio of tempe:water:pineapple juice was 1:0.5:0.5), and then baked for 2 hours at the temperature of 55C, added with NaCl + dextrine (each as much as 0.5 g/100 g tempe), baked again for another 2 hours at 55C. The treatment B2 (baked at temperature of 55C for 2 hours) produced glutamic acid. This product has potentially forms monosodium glutamate with the addition of NaCl. The total soluble protein was affected by the length of the baking time and the temperature. The products i.e. the hydrolyzated tempe as the flavor enhancer yielded an average color preference of 3.3 (i.e. interesting), aroma of 3.9 (i.e. like much), and produced the same taste when using as much as twice volume of the product compared to the synthetic flavors.
Relationship between Zingiberaceae Leaves Compounds and its Tyrosinase Activity Batubara, Irmanida; Kartika, Yuni; Darusman, Latifah K
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 8, No 3 (2016): December 2016
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v8i3.6742

Abstract

The leaves of Zingiberaceae family has not been much explored its potential, especially as a skin lightening. The relationship between total anthocyanins, chlorophyll, carotenoids and tannins contents of Zingiberaceae leaves and tyrosinase activity were determined. Ten species of Zingiberaceae were separated by n-hexane and the residues were extracted with ethyl acetate. The total anthocyanins, chlorophyll, carotenoids, tannins contents and the activities of ethyl acetate extracts were determined by spectrometric method. The tyrosinase inhibition was determined by using L-tyrosine (monophenolase) and L-DOPA (diphenolase) substrates. The most active extract was the leaves extract of Zingiber purpureum which exhibited 82.86% for monophenolase inhibition and the leaves extract of Curcuma zedoaria which exhibited 90.20% for diphenolase inhibition. The correlation between carotenoids content and monophenolase inhibition was 52%, while between tannin content and diphenolase inhibition was only 15%. Therefore, among 10 leaves species of Zingiberaceae, Zingiber purpureum Roscoe and Curcuma zedoaria leaves are the most potential for tyrosinase inhibitors and can be developed as whitening agent.How to CiteBatubara, I., Kartika, Y. & Darusman, L. K. (2016). Relationship between Zingiberaceae Leaves Compounds and its Tyrosinase Activity. Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education, 8(3), 371-377.
The Influence of Environmental Factors on the Diversity of Gastropods in Marsegu Island, Maluku Bula, Wiwien; Leiwakabessy, Fredy; Rumahlatu, Dominggus
Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology & Biology Education Vol 9, No 3 (2017): December 2017
Publisher : Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State University . Ro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/biosaintifika.v9i3.10637

Abstract

Gastropods are known to have a wide distribution. They can live in a variety of habitats and influenced by various environmental factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of gastropods and its relationship with the physical and chemical environment of a water. This research was an ecological research with correlational descriptive type. The selection of Marsegu Island was based on the fact that the area is a conservation area, both the forest and sea are frequently visited by tourists. The results of this research showed that there were 22 species of gastropod found in the water of Marsegu Island. The most commonly found was from the genus of Cypraea (5 species). Gastropods found mostly from the family of Strombidae which consisted of 4 genera i.e. Lambis, Canarium, Strombus and Lentigo. The value of gastropod diversity in the three research stations was moderate, 2.93, 2.91 and 2.95 respectively. In addition, there is a correlation between environmental factors and the diversity of gastropods. The simultaneous effect of the independent variables toward the dependent variables can be explained by the magnitude of the determination coefficient (R Square) which was 0528 or 52.8%. Result of this study confirms that the environmental factors greatly affects the diversity of Gastropod in the coastal waters of Marsegu island. The results can provide benefits as control over fishing and coastal pollution due to human activities.

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