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I Wayan Sutapa
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wayansutapa@fmipa.unpatti.ac.id
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INDONESIA
Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research
  • Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research (Indones.
  • Website
Published by Universitas Pattimura
ISSN : 23385359     EISSN : 26142627     DOI : 10.30598//ijcr.2021.-irm
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Engineering Environmental Science
Indo. J. Chem. Res. is a journal that regularly publishes primary articles covering all branches of chemistry and its sub-disciplines. Published articles consist of complete research, short communication, and review articles. The scope of published articles is not limited to inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and biochemistry. Editors can invite articles review of authors that includes the latest developments in the field of interest of certain chemicals. A contribution is open to researchers from all countries.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 314 Documents
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Kinetic of Hexavalent Chromium (Cr(VI)) Removal by Corn Cob-Based Activated Carbon Modified with Nitric Acid Ratnaningsih, Wahyu; Aningtyas, Vebri; Shabrina, Husna Muizzati; Arifin, Uma Fadzilia; Prayogo, Wisnu; Amin, Muhammad
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 12 No 3 (2025): Edition for January 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2025.12-rat

Abstract

The presence of heavy metal Cr(VI) in water indicates environmental pollution. Heavy metal Cr(VI) that exceeds the standard can be harmful to health because it is toxic and carcinogenic. Activated carbon can be used as a heavy metal adsorbent. Modification of activated carbon using nitric acid can increase metal adsorption capacity. Therefore, this study aims to determine the kinetic of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) removal by corn cob-based activated carbon modified with nitric acid. The modified activated carbon was characterized by Boehm titration and FTIR spectrophotometer. The adsorption capacity was identified in various parameters, involving the initial concentration of Cr(VI), pH value, contact time, and concentration of the adsorbent to obtain the optimal Cr(VI) removal efficiency value. The most optimal Cr(VI) adsorption was obtained at an activated carbon dosage of 3 g/L, pH value of 1, contact time of 140 minutes, and 100 mg/l Cr(VI) concentration. Based on adsorption kinetics data, the pseudo-second-order equation was obtained (R2 =0.994). The adsorption phenomenon followed the Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.998) with an optimum adsorption capacity of 28.32 mg/g. Corn cob-activated carbon modified with nitric acid has many acidic groups that act as effective active sites for reducing Cr(VI) from water.
The Analysis of the Ability NaOH Activated Rice Husk Ash Silica to Reduce Cl Ion Levels Febryzha, Nurul Widya; Harimu, La; Mulyana, Wa Ode; Mandasari, Ekacahyana
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 12 No 3 (2025): Edition for January 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2025.12-feb

Abstract

Research has been carried out to analyze the ability of NaOH-activated rice husk Ash Silica to reduce Cl Ion Levels. This study aimed to determine the optimum mass, optimum pH, optimum contact time and apply NaOH-activated rice husk ash silica to reduce Cl ion levels in seawater. The method used in this study was an experimental method with the parameters studied, namely optimum mass, optimum pH, optimum contact time, and the ability of NaOH-activated rice husk ash silica to reduce Cl ion levels in seawater. The results showed that the optimum adsorbed percentage of Cl ions occurred at an optimum mass of 0.025 gram, optimum pH of 7, and optimum contact time of 30 minutes with an adsorbed percentage of 45.7% and an adsorption capacity of 9.14 mg/g. The Cl ion content of seawater samples that can be reduced using NaOH-activated rice husk ash silica is 16.925 ppm with an adsorbed percentage of 33.85%, so it can be concluded that NaOH-activated rice husk ash silica can be used to reduce Cl ion levels.
Isolation of Carrageenan from Eucheuma cottonii by Variying Alkaline Solutions Gaspersz, Nelson; Tanasale, Matheis F. J. D. P.; Malle, Dominggus; Kafara, Zulvia Astrianti
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 12 No 3 (2025): Edition for January 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2025.12-gas

Abstract

The carrageenan can be isolated by combining alkaline KOH, NaOH, and Ca(OH)2 solutions. Alkaline solutions of KOH: NaOH, KOH: Ca(OH)2, and NaOH: Ca(OH)2 were combined to extract carrageenan. The amount of the solution was varied, the carrageenan groups were characterized using FTIR, and the carrageenan’s gel strength was tested. The extraction results obtained the highest yield in the combination of alkaline solutions Ca(OH)2 80%+KOH 20%, which is equal to 70.18% FTIR test results for carrageenan produced from the extraction of Eucheuma cottonii seaweed showed absorption showing the type of kappa (κ) carrageenan. The highest gel strength test results were obtained in an alkaline solution of Ca(OH)2 80%: NaOH 20%, which was 252.5 g bloom, and the lowest was made in a solution of Ca(OH)2 80%: KOH 20%, which was 21.0 g bloom.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Sodalite from Feldspar Mesawa Minerals Amin, Ida Ifdaliah; Wahab, Abdul Wahid; Taba, Paulina; Mukti, Rino R.; S, Giovanno Alvin; Musa, Bulkis; Azis, Hijrah A.
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 12 No 3 (2025): Edition for January 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2025.12-ami

Abstract

The mineral feldspar is a potential raw material in zeolite synthesis because of the high content of SiO2 and Al2O3. Characterization of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) on Mesawa feldspar minerals showed high crystallinity and aluminosilicate composition. The synthesis process uses the hydrothermal method with various times and concentrations of NaOH. The sample was mixed with NaOH, stirred until homogeneous at 300 rpm for 1 hour, and transferred to an autoclave. The autoclave was tightly closed and heated in an oven at 170 °C for 72 hours. XRD and XRF analysis revealed that the feldspar mineral had changed to sodalite with a purity of 90.89% and 90.06%; with a yield of 80.89% and 87.36%. FTIR characteristics show a specific peak for sodalite at 422-460 cm-1 related to Si-O bond vibrations, and absorption bands at 698 and 719 cm-1 related to Al-OH vibrations. The SEM results confirmed the morphology of the sodalite resembling balls like raspberries". This research proves that the Mesawa feldspar mineral sample contains type 6 secondary building units, the same blocks as zeolite analcime and cancrinite, so it has the potential as an adsorbent for heavy metals and as a catalyst alternative
Iron Doped Calcium Manganese Oxide Cathode Materials for Aqueous Zinc Secondary Batteries Asano, Gota; Kojima, Yoshiyuki
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 12 No 3 (2025): Edition for January 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2025.12-asa

Abstract

In recent years, zinc secondary batteries, which utilize a water-based electrolyte and offer high safety, have attracted attention as post-lithium-ion batteries. Zn has a high specific capacity (820 mAh/g) and a redox potential of -0.76 V (versus the standard hydrogen electrode) as a cathode. Furthermore, combining it with new cathode materials could significantly enhance performance. In particular, layered compounds containing manganese are inexpensive, widely used in industry, and considered promising candidates. This study synthesized calcium manganese oxide with a layered structure and investigated its potential as a cathode material for zinc secondary batteries. It is already known that Ca₂Mn₃O₈ has a layered structure and can be synthesized with a Mn/Ca atomic ratio ranging from 1.5 to 2.5. This research examined the effect of adding Fe and Al to this calcium manganese oxide on battery performance. When Fe was added, the battery capacity increased by 20%, reaching 177 mAh/g compared to the sample without Fe. This increase is believed to result from an increased interlayer distance, promoting the incorporation of structural water and enhancing ion conversion reactions during charge and discharge. However, adding Al was found to have no beneficial effect on battery performance.
The Sediment Profile and Heavy Metal Content of Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), and Silver (Ag) in The Waters of Saparua Island Anakotta, Jaicson G.; Male, Yusthinus T.; Sekewael, Serly J.; Gaspersz, Nelson
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 12 No 3 (2025): Edition for January 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2024.12-ana

Abstract

This study determined the distribution levels of heavy metals Pb, Cu, and Ag in sediments in the waters of Saparua Island. It characterized the sediments in the seas of Saparua Island. Parameters are physical and chemical parameters of waters, determination of total organic carbon (TOC), and digestion of sediment samples for SSA testing. The results obtained levels of copper metal contained in the sediments from 0.1583–1.9531 mg/L and <4–78 ppm. The level of lead metal contained in the sediments in the waters of Saparua Island ranges from <12–26 ppm. Metal oxides, especially metal oxides formed from Cu, were found in sediments in the waters of Saparua Island with location points P.8 and P.9, namely CuO 0.0056% and 0.0031% and in sediments in Saparua Island waters with a value of 2Ɵ in sediment samples. P.2, P.3, P.6, P.8, P.9, and P.11 have the highest intensity which is the characterization of metal oxide 2Ɵ= 27.7464°, 29.4759, 26.2979, 26.6686, 26.7007, and 24.3695 indicate the presence of CaO (calcium oxide) phases at points P.2, P.3, and P.6. the SiO2 (silica) phase which is the most abundant metal in sediment samples P.8, P.9, and P.11 based on the XRF test.
Enhanced Recovery of Bioactive Compound from Pineapple Peel Using Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction with Enzyme Treatment at Varying Extraction Time Kumalaningrum, Amalia Nur; Arini, Zulmilafatma Nurlita; Hidayat, Jefri Pandu
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 12 No 3 (2025): Edition for January 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2025.12-kum

Abstract

Pineapple peel is considered waste, but it has numerous beneficial uses due to its rich content of nutrients and bioactive compounds. The selection of extraction methods is essential to produce optimal bioactive compound extracts. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) is a modern extraction technique that uses ultrasonic waves to improve the extraction by enhancing the release of compounds into the solvent. The UAE method was performed by varying extraction times at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min. The addition of cellulase enzyme was also applied as an optimization method for the extraction results. The addition of Cellulase elevated the yield, phenolic, and flavonoid content. The highest yield was obtained at an extraction time after 90 min. The highest total flavonoid content was 497.8±4.5 µgQE/mL, while the highest total phenolic value was 1007.6±7.6 µgGAE/mL at extraction of 60 min. However, the extracted samples without enzymes performed the highest results at an extraction of 90 min. The effect of the enzyme resulted in the most potent antioxidant activity (<10 ppm) in all-time extraction. To conclude, the addition of enzymes in the extraction process successfully optimized the extraction of phytochemical compounds from pineapple peel, as evidenced by testing phenolic and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity.
The Potential for On-Site Determination of Mn(II) using Eco-Friendly Natural Tannins: A Cost-Effective and Sustainable Approach Ola, Pius Dore; Kothan, Domonika Pransa; Suwari, Suwari; Kadang, Luther; Darmakusuma, Dodi
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 12 No 3 (2025): Edition for January 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2025.12-ola

Abstract

This study exploited digital image colourimetry (DIC) with natural tannin as a reagent to determine Mn(II) in aqueous media. The calibration curve had a correlation coefficient of 0.995, indicating a strong dependence of absorbance on Mn(II) concentration. Although the spectrophotometry method with NaIO4 as a reagent showed better results, the DIC method remained within an acceptable range. Both methods showed insignificant difference in measurement average and variance. Common cations in natural water interfered with Mn(II) detection at a tolerance of less than 5% except for Fe(III), which can be easily precipitated before Mn(II) analysis. The DIC method applied to three water samples showed acceptable recovery, offering an easy and inexpensive on site Mn(II) determination.
Potential of Shredded Ramie Fibers as Reinforcement in Recycled Polypropylene Composites: Analysis of Tensile and Bending Strength Rebia, Rina Afiani; Sabila, Faroh; Primananda, Ade
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 12 No 3 (2025): Edition for January 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2025.12-reb

Abstract

In the development of composite technology, synthetic fiber reinforcers are gradually being replaced by natural fibers. This shift is driven by growing awareness of environmental issues and the scarcity of petroleum resources, prompting researchers to explore the potential of natural fibers. This study used scraped ramie fiber (SRK) as a reinforcer, with recycled polypropylene (PP) serving as the matrix. The mixture ratios used between PP/SRK (%) were as follows: 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50. Before use, the scraped ramie fiber (SRK) was subjected to pretreatment with 5% NaOH to improve the mechanical bonding. The hot press technique was used to fabricate the PP/SRK composite. The physical and mechanical properties of the PP/SRK composite were analyzed through weight, thickness, volume, density, tensile strength, and bending strength measurements. The results of physical measurements obtained density values ​​for all samples between 0.73 - 0.76. The tensile test results showed a maximum stress value of 9.91 MPa and a strain value of 7.60% at the PP/SRK ratio 50/50. Then, the maximum modulus of rupture (MOR) was 23.49 MPa, and the modulus of elasticity (MOE) was 1.78 GPa at the PP/SRK ratio of 50/50.
Optimization of the Esterification Process of Crude Palm Oil (CPO) with Natural Zeolite Catalyst Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Fadhilah, Said Ahmad; Fatkhurin, Elma; Sari, Ni Ketut
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 12 No 3 (2025): Edition for January 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2025.12-fad

Abstract

Esterification is one of the important processes in the production of biodiesel. This is done to ensure that the FFA content in CPO is less than 3%. The esterification reaction can be accelerated by using natural zeolite as a catalyst. Optimization needs to be carried out to select the appropriate conditions to reach the optimal region quickly. The purposes of this research are to analyze the impact of esterification time and the natural zeolite catalyst size on the reduction of FFA levels and find the optimal parameters in the CPO esterification through RSM. Esterification is operated by maintaining the reaction temperature at 60 °C, agitation speed at 150 rpm, and using a molar ratio of methanol:CPO of 6:1. The independent variables used in the research are esterification time (90, 110, 130, 150, and 170 minutes) and natural zeolite size (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mesh). The optimization results using RSM indicate that the optimum points in the study are at an esterification time of 170 minutes and a natural zeolite size of 97.3909 mesh.

Page 28 of 32 | Total Record : 314

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