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I Wayan Sutapa
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INDONESIA
Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research
  • Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research (Indones.
  • Website
Published by Universitas Pattimura
ISSN : 23385359     EISSN : 26142627     DOI : 10.30598//ijcr.2021.-irm
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Engineering Environmental Science
Indo. J. Chem. Res. is a journal that regularly publishes primary articles covering all branches of chemistry and its sub-disciplines. Published articles consist of complete research, short communication, and review articles. The scope of published articles is not limited to inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and biochemistry. Editors can invite articles review of authors that includes the latest developments in the field of interest of certain chemicals. A contribution is open to researchers from all countries.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 325 Documents
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Effectiveness of Montmorillonite-ZnO as Photocatalyst for Adsorption and Degradation of Methylene Blue Nur, Abdillah Mushawwir An; Iklima, Ilma Kanzu; Hidayat, Taupik; Dasna, I Wayan; Sumari, Sumari; Utomo, Yudhi
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 13 No 3 (2026): Edition for January 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2026.13-abd

Abstract

This study aims to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate the photocatalytic activity of a montmorillonite–ZnO (MMT/ZnO) composite for the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under ultraviolet (UV) and dark (non-UV) conditions. The composite was prepared by mixing synthetic montmorillonite derived from Indonesian soil with ZnO in ethanol, followed by calcination at 400 °C for 2 hours, and subsequently characterized using X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The degradation tests were performed using various composite masses (0.5–2.5 g) and compared with single ZnO and montmorillonite materials through visible spectrophotometry analysis. The results revealed that under UV irradiation, MMT/ZnO achieved the highest degradation efficiency of 98.37%, while under non-UV conditions, MB removal remained high at 88.39%, primarily driven by adsorption. These findings confirm a synergistic effect between the adsorption capacity of montmorillonite and the photocatalytic activity of ZnO, where adsorption dominated MB removal while photocatalysis contributed to enhancing overall degradation efficiency. The novelty of this study lies in the utilization of synthetic Indonesian montmorillonite as a ZnO support, which enhances photocatalytic efficiency while reducing production costs. This finding highlights the potential of MMT/ZnO composites as an environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternative for dye wastewater treatment in the textile industry.
Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Sugarcane Bagasse by Saccharomyces Cerevisiae and Zymomonas Mobilis Ginting, Elfrida; Siregar, Ecclesia; Dewi, Ratna Sari; Simatupang, Lisnawaty; Yusfiani, Marnida; Sembiring, Jhony Hartanta
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 13 No 3 (2026): Edition for January 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2026.13-elf

Abstract

Sugarcane bagasse represents a promising lignocellulosic feedstock for second-generation bioethanol production. This study evaluated the performance of immobilized Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) systems using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Zymomonas mobilis for ethanol production from alkali-pretreated sugarcane bagasse. Delignification using 10% NaOH enhanced cellulose accessibility for enzymatic hydrolysis by immobilized Aspergillus niger. SSF was conducted under anaerobic conditions at 30°C for 80 h. Reducing sugar dynamics, physicochemical properties, FTIR spectra, and GC analysis were used to evaluate ethanol formation and quality. The SSF system employing S. cerevisiae produced a higher ethanol concentration (2.83% v/v) and purity (99.77%) compared to Z. mobilis (2.20% v/v; 89.92%). Although higher residual reducing sugars were observed in the Z. mobilis system, ethanol conversion efficiency remained lower, indicating metabolic limitations under SSF conditions. FTIR and GC analyses confirmed ethanol formation with high water content in both distillates. These results demonstrate that microbial robustness plays a critical role in immobilized SSF performance, with S. cerevisiae exhibiting superior fermentative stability and ethanol yield compared to Z. mobilis.
Intermolecular Characterization of Chitosan from the Exoskeleton of Windu Prawn (Penaeus monodon) and Mangrove Crab (Scylla sp.) Arista, Rini Anggi; Nugraheni, Dian; Qomaliyah, Eka Nurul; Mulyati, Yayuk; Maulana, Jibril; Dewi, Kadek Risa Rivana; A'yuni, Shahira Qistan
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 13 No 3 (2026): Edition for January 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2026.13-rin

Abstract

Chitosan (C6H11NO4)n is a chitin-derived polymer that has good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and bioabsorbability properties. This compound can be obtained from exoskeleton waste such as mangrove crabs and Windu prawn. This study aims to evaluate the comparison of chitosan levels based on the degree of deacetylation (%DD) from the waste shell, head, and leg of Windu prawn and mangrove crab shell waste obtained from the coastal area of Pasuruan, East Java. The extraction method was carried out through the stages of deproteinization, demineralization, and deacetylation using an alkaline solution, and then the characterization of molecular structure and %DD was carried out using an FTIR spectrophotometer. The results showed that chitosan from Windu prawn shell had the highest %DD of 73.0%, while mangrove crab shell and prawn head and leg showed lower values of 55.3% and 63.9%. This difference in %DD value indicates a variation in the success rate of deacetylation due to differences in biomaterial composition. The results of SEM testing showed that the use of the type of material in the manufacture of chitosan would affect the results of the surface morphology produced, where the Windu prawn shell produced the flattest surface.
Utilization of Lignin from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) for the Fabrication of Eco-Friendly Superhydrophobic Sponges Kumalasari, Meiyanti Ratna; Nainggolan, Yuni Damayanti; Nababan, Jesika; Isaura, Anastasya; Simbolon, Wenika; Togatorop, Hana Esrani; Saputra, Rizki Rachmad; Beladona, Siti Unvaresi Misonia; Saputra, Ozi Adi
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 13 No 3 (2026): Edition for January 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2026.13-mei

Abstract

The escalation of crude oil exploitation poses significant risks of leakage and oil spills in the oceans. Therefore, this research aims to synthesize superhydrophobic sponges utilizing lignin derived from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) waste. Lignin was isolated from OPEFB with the addition of 15% NaOH, followed by neutralization and purification using H₂SO₄, which yielded a recovery of 30.3%. Subsequently, melamine sponges were modified via a facile dip-coating technique using a mixture of lignin, Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES). The physicochemical properties and material performance were characterized using 1H-NMR, FTIR, and Water Contact Angle (WCA) measurements. 1H-NMR analysis confirmed the successful isolation of the lignin structure, while FTIR spectra verified the effective deposition of the silane-lignin layer on the sponge skeleton. Contact angle analysis results indicated a significant surface transformation, where the sponge shifted from a superhydrophilic nature 0° to a highly superhydrophobic state (170.91°). With such performance, this material holds great potential as an effective, eco-friendly adsorbent for oil spill remediation in aquatic environments.
Tailoring MOF-303 with CaCl2 and Graphite: A Promising Material for Atmospheric Water Capture Anindita Syafira Ariesta; Muhammad Ali Zulfikar; Aep Patah
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Edition for May 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2026.14-ani

Abstract

Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is a promising approach to address water scarcity in arid and low-humidity regions. In this study, MOF-303 was synthesized hydrothermally and modified with CaCl₂ and graphite by wet impregnation. Among samples containing 20–40 wt% CaCl₂, MC30-G2 (30 wt% CaCl₂, 2 wt% graphite) showed the best performance, with an adsorption capacity of 402.53 mg g⁻¹ and an adsorption percentage of 40.25%, nearly 94.8% higher than MC30-G0 (206.60 mg g⁻¹). FTIR, PXRD, SEM-EDS, BET, and AAS confirmed successful incorporation of the modifiers while preserving the MOF-303 framework. The composite had a surface area of 823.58 m² g⁻¹. Cycling tests showed adsorption capacity decreased from 495.911 mg g⁻¹ to 361.371 mg g⁻¹ after five cycles, while desorption efficiency remained above 87.99%. These results indicate that MOF-303/CaCl₂/graphite is a promising adsorbent for atmospheric water capture.
Bioethanol based on Aquatic Biomass (Ipomoea Aquatica) as a Renewable Energy Solution to Achieve the 2030 SDGs Arini Sucia; Raphael Yori Sutjipto; Farrel Fernando Kwok
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Edition for May 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2026.14-ari

Abstract

Indonesia has a constantly increasing energy demand. One energy source similar to fossil fuels is biomass. Biomass is organic material derived from living organisms. Indonesia has a constantly increasing energy demand. One energy source similar to fossil fuels is biomass. Biomass is organic material derived from living organisms. Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) contains cellulose fibers, which can be broken down into glucose through fermentation with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), then converted into bioethanol. This study used an experimental method involving a fermentation process carried out over 3, 4, 5, 7, and 10 days. The bioethanol content produced from the distillation process was analyzed using a pycnometer and Gas Chromatography (GC). The highest bioethanol content was obtained in a 5-day fermentation process and a yeast mass of 7 grams, namely 28%. This result is not much different from the GC analysis result of 28.52%. Statistical analysis using ANOVA yielded a p-value of 0.021 (< 0.05), indicating that fermentation time and yeast dosage significantly influenced bioethanol content. The results of this study show that water spinach has the potential to be used for bioethanol production. This supports the goals of the 2030 SDGs, especially points 7, 8, 12, 13, and 15.
Synthesis of Activated Carbon from PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) Plastic Waste with Fe3O4 Composite as Adsorbent for Methylene Blue Ninik Andriani; Kholidah Kholidah
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Edition for May 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2026.14-nin

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to produce an activated carbon composite from PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) plastic waste combined with Fe₃O₄ for methylene blue dye wastewater treatment. Activated carbon was produced by carbonizing PET plastic, followed by physical activation at 850°C for 25 minutes and chemical activation by soaking in 4M KOH for 2 hours. Activated carbon–Fe₃O₄ composite ware was synthesized by coprecipitation with mass ratios of 1:1 (composite 1), 3:2 (composite 2), and 2:1 (composite 3). XRD and SEM were used to analyze the activated carbon, and the best-performing composite was further characterized by XRD and SEM-EDX mapping. The composite contains a crystalline phase, likely originating from Fe₃O₄. The composite's morphology consists of fine, high-surface-area particles. The detection of Fe and O peaks in the elemental analysis verified the existence of Fe₃O₄ within the sample. The highest adsorption capacity was achieved by composite 2, reaching 3.244 mg/g under optimum conditions at pH 7 for 30 minutes, and was best fit by the pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model. The synthesis of the activated carbon–Fe₃O₄ composite enhances the adsorption capacity for methylene blue and facilitates separation using an external magnet.
Spectroscopic Investigation of Excited-State Dynamics in Organic Photovoltaic Materials Soni Prayogi
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Edition for May 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2026.14-son

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the excited-state dynamics governing charge generation and recombination processes in organic photovoltaic (OPV) materials to better understand their efficiency-limiting mechanisms. Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) were employed to examine exciton lifetimes, charge transfer rates, and recombination behavior in donor–acceptor blends based on P3HT:PCBM and PTB7:PC71BM systems. The spectroscopic data reveal that the charge separation efficiency strongly depends on the morphology and energetic alignment between donor and acceptor components. TRPL measurements indicate that optimized blend morphology leads to extended exciton lifetimes and reduced nonradiative recombination, while TAS analysis confirms the presence of long-lived charge-separated states contributing to photocurrent generation. These findings provide crucial insights into the relationship between molecular structure, electronic interactions, and photophysical responses in OPV systems. The study concludes that controlling the nanoscale phase distribution and interfacial energy offsets is essential to improving charge separation and overall device performance.
Synthesis of Silica from Chitosan-Modified Sugarcane Bagasse and GPTMS Binding Compound as an Adsorbent for Remazol Yellow Dye Waste Ayu Qurota A'yun; Yuni Susanti; Aulia Rifki Maulana Yusufi; Hilmi Naufal Human; Lintang Miftahul Rizki
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Edition for May 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2026.14-ayu

Abstract

Remazol Yellow, a synthetic dye waste, is carcinogenic and mutagenic, necessitating waste treatment. One of the methods used is adsorption with silica adsorbents and sugarcane bagasse. Silica has unusual features, including mechanical stability at high temperatures, strong ion-exchange capacity, and a large surface area with broad pores. The inclusion of chitosan increases the number of active sites on silica as an adsorbent. The inclusion of the binding agent glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) can improve the link between silica and chitosan as the dye adsorbent concentration increases. The FTIR characterization results indicate absorption bands at 451 cm-1, 796 cm-1, and 958 cm-1, corresponding to the spectra of silica and chitosan chemical groups. The XRD analysis revealed crystalline silica in the form of the cristobalite phase. SEM analysis revealed that the binding chemical increased the surface porosity of the silica-chitosan adsorbent. The optimal adsorption conditions for utilizing chitosan-modified silica adsorbent are a pH of 2 and a contact time of 2 hours. An adsorbent mass of 0.5 g, with an adsorption capacity value of 2.17 mmol/g, influences the growth in adsorption capacity, as does an adsorbate concentration of 80 ppm, with an adsorption capacity value of 2.8 mmol/g.
Morphological Study and Characterization of Chitosan/Graphene Quantum Dots/TiO2 Composite Film as a Modified Electrode Material Astri Anjelina Nasution; Irwana Nainggolan; Andriayani Andriayani; Nessa Gina Sonia
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 14 No 1 (2026): Edition for May 2026
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2026.14-ast

Abstract

This study investigates the morphological and structural characteristics of chitosan/graphene quantum dots/titanium dioxide (CS/GQDs/TiO₂) composite films with TiO₂ concentrations of 50–250 mg/L as coating materials for modified working electrodes. The films were prepared using ionic gelation and stirring methods. Characterization was performed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). FTIR analysis confirmed hydrogen bonding and coordination interactions among chitosan, GQDs, and TiO₂ through the shift of –OH/–NH₂ bands and the appearance of Ti–O–Ti and C–O–Ti bands. XRD analysis showed an increase in crystallinity from 20.82% to 41.35%, indicating improved structural ordering after TiO₂ incorporation. SEM observations revealed morphological transformation from the rough surface of pure chitosan to a more compact and homogeneous structure at moderate TiO₂ concentrations, while agglomeration appeared at higher concentrations. These results demonstrate that the incorporation of GQDs and TiO₂ enhances the structural stability and morphology of the chitosan matrix, making the composite promising for electrochemical electrode coating applications.

Page 32 of 33 | Total Record : 325

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