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Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor
ISSN : 23560169     EISSN : 23560177     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Journal of Tropical Crop Science is an international journal publishing research related to tropical crops. Articles in the journal focus on in-vivo and in-vitro production and production environment, breeding, seed technology, physiology, postharvest, pest and pathology of cereals, vegetables, fruits, ornamentals, medicinal and plantation crops; soil, landscape, turf and agro ecology management under tropical conditions.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 320 Documents
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Evaluation of Growth, Yield and Quality of Turmeric Genotypes (Curcuma longa L.) Sagor, Md. Shaheeduzzaman; Hossain, Md. Mokter; Haque, Tamanna
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 01 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.01.8-15

Abstract

This study was conducted to examine growth, yield and quality performances of five turmeric genotypes. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that different genotypes significantly influenced on plant growth, yield and quality of turmeric. The highest germination (97 %), number of leaves (8.16), plant height (69.51 cm), weight of rhizome (47.06 g/plant) and yield (6.01 t/ha) was found from “Sinduri Holud” (BARI Holud-2). But this genotype scored the lowest percentage in curcumin (0.30 %) and low dry matter (22.54 %). While local genotype (“Mota Holud”) performed the lowest germination (87.57 %) and minimum plant height (53.52 cm), leaf area (127.42 cm2), number of fingers per rhizome (3.73), weight of rhizome (34.16 g/plant) and yield (4.78 t/ha). But this genotype contained the highest curcumin (2.10 %), and “Mala Holud” attained maximum dry matter (25.20%). Based on flesh color, dry matter and curcumin contents local turmeric genotypes performed superior than that of the check varieties. From the findings of this investigation, it can be concluded that local genotypes can be used in breeding program for development of high quality turmeric in Bangladesh.
The Combination of Biofertilizer and Organic Fertilizer to Improve Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) Production Widyastuti, R.A. Diana; Hendarto, Kus; Rahmat, Ali; Warganegara, Hayane Adeline; Listiana, Indah; Asmara, Sandi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 01 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.01.16-21

Abstract

Shallot is one of important horticultural crops in Indonesia; shallot consumption per capita is estimated to be 4.6 kg per year. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of combining biofertilizer and organic fertilizer on the production of shallot in Sukabanjar village, Pesawaran, Lampung, Indonesia. The study was set up using a randomized completely block design with two factors, biofertilizers and various organic fertilizers, i.e. cow manure, chicken manure, rice straw compost, oyster mushroom baglog. Our study demonstrated that combining biofertilizer and organic fertilizer significantly increased the number, diameter, and fresh and dry weight of tubers of “Bima Brebes” shallot. Shallots treated with biofertilizer combined with oyster mushroom baglog produced the highest tuber yield of 1788 g compared to 282 g in the control.
Advanced Yield Trial for Various Peanut Lines (Arachis hypogaea L.) at Sodonghilir, Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia Nurhalimah, Siti; Wahyu, Yudiwanti; Nurhidayah, Siti; Firmansyah, Efrin
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 01 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.01.22-32

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate yield and yield components in several peanut lines planted in West Java, Indonesia. The genetic materials tested involved 21 genotypes consisting of 18 potential peanut lines (G100, G133, G142, G144, G199, G205, G209, G21, G234, G237, G33, G37, G41, G53, G54, G76, G84, G99) from a selection of 5 biparental population (GWS79A1/”Zebra”, “Jerapah”/GWS79A1, “Zebra”/GWS79A1, GWS79A1/”Jerapah”, “Zebra”/GWS18A1) and 3 comparative varieties (“Gajah”, “Sima”, and “Zebra”) as controls. Results showed that various genotypes have significant effects on plant height (at 9 and 10 WAP), number of branches (at 4, 10, and 12 WAP), flowering age, and harvest age. Some potential lines showed ideal characters expected of a high quality peanut plant. Based on characters such as harvest age, dry pod weight, and productivity, G100, G41, G21, G205, and G84 can be considered the best potential lines. These lines demonstrated high heritability values including characters classified as high category such as plant height, number of branches, age of flowering, age of harvest, harvest index, wet stover weight, fresh pod weight, number of filled pods, number of empty pods, number of filled pods, and weight of 100 seeds. Additionally, these lines also show high productivity, a character classified in the medium category.
Vegetative Morphology and Starch Production Among Sago Plants (Metroxylon spp.) in Kepulauan Meranti District, Riau, Indonesia Ayulia, Liska; Djoefrie, MHB; Arifien, Yunus
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 01 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.01.33-40

Abstract

Sago (Metroxylon spp.) is the world’s highest starch producer that have high productivity. Sago starch, however, is still underutilized compared to other starch. Sago can produce dry starch of 20-40 ton per ha per year. Indonesia has the largest sago area in the world with more than 90% of the world’s total sago area. Sago have high species diversity and not all of them have the same starch-producing capability. This research was conducted to gather information on the morphological characters and starch production potentials of several types of sago in Meranti Islands Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia, especially in Bandul, Mengkirau, Tanjung Peranap, and Bagan Melibur. Three different types of sago in Kepulauan Meranti Regency, Riau, has been identified, namely Beremban, Meranti and Sangka. The morphology and starch production of different types of sago vary depending on environmental conditions, including soil types. Beremban Sago collected from Bandul Village were found to have the highest starch content, therefore it has potentials to be developed for starch production in Indonesia.
Assessment of Food Security Status of Goat Farmers In Lagos State, Nigeria Akintobi, O.S.; Achu, B.C.
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 01 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.01.41-49

Abstract

The goat value chain plays a pivotal role in income and employment generation, livelihood enhancement; food and nutrition security among the poor, marginalized and disadvantaged groups and they are reared to supplement income and as a means of reducing food insecurity. The objective of this study is to assess the food security status of urban goat farmers in some local government areas of Lagos state, Nigeria. The use of qualitative method of data collection in the form of structured questionnaires were executed during the course of this study on a sample size of 80 goat farmers. Furthermore, during the course of the study, the specific objectives were analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as USDA food security code module. Using the Pearson’s rank correlation and binary logistic regression, the hypotheses were accurately tested to achieve results. From the result acquired, it was determined that men dominated women in the goat farming sector as well as revealing that the average age of respondents were 42.4 years. Furthermore, the results revealed that, about 65.4% of the respondents made an annual income ranging from 100,000-300,000 Naira and have been residents of the sample location for about 10-15 years. Another observation made from the results obtained during the course of this study showed that majority of the respondents practiced semi intensive system of management. This involves them using family labor (55.6%), having an average of 18.8 goats, as well as revealing sales as their main purpose of farming. More revelations from the result showed that, majority of the respondents were food insecure without hunger. Showing the major reasons for food insecurity to be insufficient finance, high cost of food and poor storage and processing. It was recommended that farmers be encouraged to belong to organizations such as cooperatives to solve problems in management and also for easy access or contact by government and extension agents.
Variation in Leaf Morphology of Sago Trees (Metroxylon sagu) in South Borneo Province, Indonesia. Rahman, Hasan Basri Arif; Bintoro, Mochamad Hasjim; Supijatno, Supijatno
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 02 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.02.51-59

Abstract

Natural populations of sago (Metroxylon sagu) in Indonesia show morphological variations in its organs, particularly the leaves. The existing variations resulted in sago type names provided by the locals. The sago plant types include Mahang, Buntal, Salak, Madang and Gandut. Sago leaves are economically important in Indonesia, mainly because they provide a potentially profitable and environment-friendly source of house roofing materials. Determining leaf variation among sago plants would provide information for a better way of choosing which among the current accessions/varieties of sago has the best leaf quality and production. Leaf variations in sago were recorded in shape, size, and color. The aim of this study are a) to compare differences in leaf morphology among sago types obtained from different geographic areas, and b) to determine whether these different sago types correspond to certain sago plant grouping. The qualitative and quantitative analysis showed variations in leaf characteristics of sago trees. Additionally, this study shows that based on leaf variations, the sago of South Borneo Province can be separated into two groups. The first group is Mahang and Gandut, which have long rachis, leaflets and leaves, and largest leaf area. The second group composed of Buntal, Salak and Madang accessions, which have short rachis and leaves, and smallest leaf area. Other results showed that there were characters that contributed significantly to the diversity of sago plants in the study area including spines, white stripe or banding on the rachis and petiole length. In line with our results, Mahang and Gandut accessions are the best accessions to be cultivated in the area, because they have wider leaves which support higher rates of photosynthesis. Further study should be conducted on phylogenetic using DNA sequencing to confirm divisions of the two sago groups.
Plant Growth and Morphological Characters of Sonchus arvensis L. from Different Chicken Manure Rates and Harvest Intervals with Ratooning Practices Melati, Maya; Ari, Ahmad Nur Hidayat Gena; Aziz, Sandra Arifin
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 02 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.02.60-70

Abstract

Sonchus arvensis L., commonly known as perennial sow thistle, field milk thistle, among other names, is a weedy species that has medicinal values. Belongs to the Daisy family (Asteraceae), S. arvensis has a rosette form and it can be harvested more than once. The determination of harvest interval for ratoon of S. arvensis is necessary because ratooning can save time to produce the consecutive plant biomass, but the second harvest must be conducted at the correct time as it will determine the quantity and quality of leaves. As source of herbal medicine, cultivation of S. arvensis with organic fertilizer is preferred, and determination of organic fertilizer rates is also important for ratooning. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the plant growth response and yield with different chicken manure rates and different harvest intervals. The field experiment was conducted at IPB experimental station in Cikarawang, Darmaga Bogor, Indonesia. The study used a randomized complete block design with different manure rates (0, 7, 14, 21 ton.ha-1) and various harvest intervals (6, 8, and 10 weeks after the first harvest) as treatments. The results showed that for the first harvest, the effect of chicken manure rates was linear almost on all variables. For the ratoon (second harvest), manure rate of 14 ton.ha-1 (for first harvest) added with 4 ton.ha-1 (after first harvest) was enough for leaf production. The results indicate that ratoon should be harvested at 10 weeks after the first harvest to obtain the highest yield. The interaction between manure rates and harvest interval was not significant for growth variables of the second harvest.
Sensory Evaluation of the Quality of Kaffir Lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) Leaves Exposed to Different Postharvest Treatments Budiarto, Rahmat; Poerwanto, Roedhy; Santosa, Edi; Efedi, Darda; Agusta, Andria
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 02 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.02.71-79

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the sensory attributes such as aroma, color and texture of kaffir lime leaves in response to various post-harvest treatment. The hedonic test approach was conducted by inviting 70 untrained panelists on seven post-harvest treatments, i.e. (D1) post-sortation fresh leaves, (D2) pre-sortation fresh leaves, (D3) cold-storage leaves, (D4) low temperature-storage leaves, (D5) brown dry leaves, (D6) fresh leaf-flour, and (D7) brown dry leaf-flour. The result showed that most of panelist agreed that aroma was the most important quality attribute that determined the level of preference in kaffir lime leaf products. Among seven tested products, the aroma, color, texture and overall impression of D1 was the most favorite one, while D4, D5, and D7 were assessed as low preference products. This work showed the importance of sortation and cold storage to maintain consumer likeliness. The criteria for sortation were green, clean, pest-disease free, scar free, high uniformity and fresh condition of leaves. Cold-storage at -20oC maintained the color and texture of kaffir lime leaves better than low temperature storage (5oC). To make leaf flour, the use of fresh green leaves was significantly better than brown dry ones. This finding might become the baseline data for the development of kaffir lime leaf product in the future.
The Effects of Different Rates of Chicken Manure and Harvest Intervals on the Bioactive Compounds of Bitter Leaf (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) Betty, Betty; Aziz, Sandra Arifin; Suketi, Ketty
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 02 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.02.80-88

Abstract

Bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina Del.) is a valuable functional vegetable and traditional medicinal plant in many tropical countries including Indonesia. Bitter leaf is commonly used to remedy hypertension and diabetes among Indonesian people. The leaf extract comprises bioactive compounds such as sesquiterpene lactones, steroid glycosides, and flavonoids. Despite its growing market demand, there is insufficient data on agronomic practice in order to obtain optimum yield with high bioactive compounds. The experimental design used was a randomized complete block design with two factors namely chicken manure rates (0, 2.5, 5, and 7.5 kg per plant) and harvest intervals (2 and 3 months). There was a significant difference in fresh and dry weights of leaves, chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids, nitrogen concentration, anthocyanins, and flavonoids among different manure treatment. The highest concentration and production of bioactive compounds on the bitter leaf was found on the highest treatment of 7.5 kg chicken manure per plant. The harvest interval of three months significantly increased fresh and dry weights of leaves, concentration of anthocyanins, phosphorus, and potassium, uptake of phosphorus and potassium, and production of anthocyanins and flavonoids. Cultivation using chicken manure with frequent period of pruning can enhance the production of biomass as well as secondary metabolites in bitter leaf.
Hybrid Vigour Study of Yield and Yield Related Characters on Limmu Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Genotypes at South-Western Ethiopia Asefa, Gemechu; Mohammed, Hussein; Ayano, Ashenafi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol. 8 No. 02 (2021): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jtcs.8.02.89-100

Abstract

Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is one of the most important crops cultivated worldwide and has a great economic impact in many countries including Ethiopia. Hybrid vigor (heterosis) breeding can enhance productivity of coffee. Hybrid vigor study was conducted on 5 x 5 half-diallel mating involving 17coffee genotypes (5 parents, 10 F1 hybrids and two checks) for yield and its related traits in 2018. The study locations include Jimma, Agaro and Gera research centers of south-western Ethiopia using randomized completely block design with three replications. There are significant differences among 17 genotypes and 15 diallel genotypes (checks excluded) for all traits; the crosses showed significant and positive average heterosis (mid parent) and heterobeltiosis (better parent) for all traits. Crosses showed significant variation in the expression of standard heterosis (SH) and useful heterosis (UH) for fruit length (FL), fruit width (FW), bean length (BL), bean width (BW), bean thickness(BT), and hundred bean weight (HBW) across locations. Heterobeltiosis ranged from -9.06 to 88.79% and -17.81 to 67.98% for yield at Jimma and Gera, respectively. Mean SH and UH was positive and between 5 and 10% for BL and BT and <5% for all fruit characters and BT across locations. Mean of SH and UH was 14.62% and 11.82%, respectively for HBW. Crosses P4 x P5, P1 x P5 and P2 x P5 increased yield by 25.13% (637.75 kg), 14.05% (356.64 kg) and 5.78% (146.59 kg) over commercial pure line variety across three locations, respectively. Based on heterosis and mean performance hybrids P4 x P5, P1 x P5, P3 x P5, and P1 x P2 found as promising hybrids for yield and bean characters. Thus, these hybrids should be advanced in the next breeding program and tested through incorporating other traits.

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