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Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan indonesia
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 14124939     EISSN : 25027085     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Public Health
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia (JKLI, p-ISSN: 1412-4939, e-ISSN:2502-7085, http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkli) provides a forum for publishing the original research articles related to: Environmental Health Environmental Epidemiology Environmental Health Risk Assessment Environmental Health Technology Environmental-Based Diseases Environmental Toxicology Water and Sanitation Waste Management Pesticides Exposure Vector Control Food Safety
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 439 Documents
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Sanitasi Lingkungan dan Perilaku Sehat pada Rumah Kos Mahasiswa di Lingkungan Kampus Universitas Andalas Gusti, Aria; Risandi, Rahma
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 20, No 2 (2021): Oktober 2021
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.20.2.74-81

Abstract

Latar belakang: Sanitasi lingkungan yang buruk dapat mempengaruhi motivasi belajar mahasiswa, menurunkan konsentrasi belajar dan aktivitas sehari-hari di rumah kos mahasiswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai fasilitas sanitasi lingkungan dan perilaku sehat mahasiswa di rumah kos sekitar kampus Universitas Andalas.Metode: Menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus, studi ini fokus pada kos-kosan mahasiswa di lingkungan kampus Universitas Andalas di Kecamatan Pauh Kota Padang. Sebanyak 96 rumah kos mahasiswa menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan berupa formulir observasi berisi variabel-variabel yang akan diteliti yaitu kondisi rumah, penyediaan air bersih, saluran pembuangan air limbah, tempat pembuangan sampah dan jamban yang digunakan oleh penghuni asrama ataupun kos mahasiswa. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara langsung terhadap penghuni kos dan observasi lapangan.Hasil: Sebagian besar (91,7%) rumah kos mahasiswa Universitas Andalas berlantai ubin/keramik. Lebih dari setengah (60,4%) kamar kos tidak memiliki ventilasi. Air minum isi ulang menjadi pilihan dari hampir semua (96,9%) rumah kos di di Lingkungan Universitas Andalas. Semua rumah kos di lingkungan Universitas Andalas memiliki jamban. Lebih dari setengah (61,5%) rumah kos mahasiswa di di Lingkungan Universitas Andalas terdapat vektor penyebar penyakit baik berupa lalat, nyamuk, tikus, maupun kecoa. Hampir semua (91,7%) penghuni kos di di Lingkungan Universitas Andalas tidak memiliki kebiasaan merokok. Simpulan: Rumah kos mahasiswa di di Lingkungan Universitas Andalas yang tersebar di 3 kelurahan di Kecamatan Pauh Kota Padang hampir semuanya memenuhi persyaratan rumah sehat. ABSTRACT Title: Environmental Sanitation of Student Boarding Houses at Universitas AndalasBackground: Poor environmental sanitation can affect student motivation, reduce concentration of learning and daily activities at the student boarding house. This study aims to assess the availability of environmental sanitation facilities and the behavior of students' environmental sanitation in terms of utilizing available environmental sanitation facilities.Method: Using a case study approach, this study focuses on student boarding at the Andalas University campus environment in Pauh District, Padang City. The research instrument used was in the form of an observation form containing variables to be examined, namely the condition of housing, water supply, sewerage, garbage disposal and latrines used by residents of the dormitory or boarding students. Data obtained by direct interviews with boarders and field observations. Result: Most Andalas University boarding house students have tile / ceramic floors. More than half of the boarding rooms do not have ventilation. Refill drinking water is the choice of almost all boarding houses in Andalas University. All boarding houses in the Andalas University environment have latrines. More than half of the student boarding houses in Andalas University, there are disease-spreading vektors in the form of flies, mosquitoes, rats and cockroaches. Almost all boarders in Andalas University are not smoking.Conclusion: The boarding houses of students at Andalas University are spread over 3 villages in Pauh District, Padang City, almost all of them fulfill the requirements of a healthy home. 
Analisis Faktor Risiko Kejadian Malaria di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Kuala Bhee Kecamatan Woyla Kabupaten Aceh Barat Junaidi, Hasrah; Raharjo, Mursid; Setiani, Onny
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 14, No 2 (2015): Oktober 2015
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.14.2.40-44

Abstract

Background: Anual Parasite Incidence (API) in West Aceh in 2010 reached 2.6 per 1000 population, then the API in 2011 decreased 1.05 per 1000 population, in 2012 the API decreased 0.9 per 1000 population, API increased to 0.93 per 1000 in 2013.This research aimed to know the association between environmental, behavioral risk factors and the incidence of malaria in the Working Area of Kuala Bhee Public Health Center in Woyla District.Methods: It was an observational  research using case control design. There were 92 respondents used in this research, consisted of 46 malaria case and 46 controls. Statistical analysis used Chi Square tests, followed by Linear Regresion test.Result: The results showed that variables that become risk factors of incidence malaria: the presence of livestock pens (OR = 2.673, 95% CI = 1.095-6.521), the presence of stagnant water (OR = 4.026, 95% CI = 1.667-9.724), the habit of using mosquito repellent (OR = 3.343, 95% CI = 1.277-8.749), and the habit of activity outside the home at night (OR = 4.724, 95% CI = 1.959-11.389). The mean density of Anopheles 1.9 fish / person / hour with an average Man Bitting Rate (MBR) 13 tail / night and the average Man Hour Density (MHD) 6.9 fish/person/hour. Not found the presence of sporozoites in all samples of the studyConclusion: The presence of cattle sheds around the house, the presence of stagnant water around the house which contained larvae, the habit of using mosquito repellent at night time sleep and customs activity outside the home at night has a probability / risk of contracting malaria possibility of 92%. Keywords : malaria, risk factors, environmental, Aceh
Hubungan Lingkungan Fisik, Kimia dan Biologi dengan Kepadatan vektor Anopheles di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Hamadi Kota Jayapura Renold Markus Mofu
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 12, No 2 (2013): Oktober 2013
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.12.2.120 - 126

Abstract

Background:According to 2010 Annual Parasite Incidence (API) report mortality rate caused by malaria inIndonesia was 1.3% in the ratio of 24/1000 population. Of these figures the 2011 Annual API report showed thatPapua Province had the malaria-caused mortality rate 181.85/1000 population, Jayapura Municipality 57.29/1000, and Hamadi Public Health Center 315/1000 population.This research aimed to find out the correlation ofphysical, chemical and biological factors to Anopheles vector density and to find out the vector densities ofAnopheles, Anopheles species, and the presence of sporozoit.Method: It was an observational research using case control design. There were 102 respondents used, consistingof 51 malaria casse and 51 controls. They were selected by a simple random sampling method. Statistical analysisused Pearson and Spearman tests, followed by Linear Regression test.Result: The results showed that there was a correlation of water pH (r = 0.799; 0.836), air temperature, windspeed (r = -0.68; 0.754) to vector density. Multivariate analysis showed that variables that became risk factor ofthe vector density were water body, air humidity (p = 0.009; 0.004). The research recorded that koliensis dominatedthe proportion of the Anopheles species (96.6% of the species found), whereas the smallest number by species wasfarauti (0.5%), with the density average of 2.1 individual/responden/hour.Conclusion:The largest number of sporozoit found was Plasmodium falciparum (25%). It was recommended to doenvironmental modification and manipulation and comprehensive and longitudinal studies of to reduse riskfactors of the Anopheles density. Keywords: physical, chemical, biological environments; Anopheles density.
Faktor Lingkungan dan Perilaku Masyarakat yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Filariasis di Kecamatan Muara Pawan Kabupaten Ketapang Provinsi Kalimantan Barat Purnama, Wary; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli; Raharjo, Mursid
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 16, No 1 (2017): April 2017
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.16.1.8-16

Abstract

Judul : Faktor Lingkungan dan Perilaku Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Filariasis di Kecamatan Muara Pawan Kabupaten Ketapang, Kalimantan BaratLatar belakang: Tahun 2015, terdapat 79 kasus filariais di Kecamatan Muara Pawan Kabupaten Ketapang dengan micrifilaria rate sebesar 2,5%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara faktor lingkungan dan perilaku dengan kejadian filariasis, serta mengidentifikasi spesies nnyamuk yang diduga sebagai vektor filariasis.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan case control. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari 32 kasus dan 32 kontrol. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara dan observasi. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-square dengan taraf signifikasi 0,05.Hasil: Dari 419 nyamuk yang ditangkap. Tidak ditemukan adanya larva cacing dalam tubuh nyamuk. Hasil identifikasi nyamuk menemukan 6 spesies yaitu Anopheles letifer, Mansonia uniformis, Culex tritaeniorhyncus, Culex vishnui, Culex cressipes, and Mansonia annulifera. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan breeding places, resting places, pengetahuan, dan kebiasaan keluar pada malam hari merupakan faktor risiko kejadian filariasis di Kecamatan Muara Pawan Kalimantan Barat.Simpulan: Faktor lingkungan dan perilaku masyarakat merupakan faktor risiko kejadian filariasis di Kecamatan Muara Pawan Kabupaten Ketapang. ABSTRACTTitle: Enviromental and Community Behaviour Factors Associated with the incidence of Lymphatic Filariasis in Muara Pawan Distrct of Ketapang Regency, West KalimantanBackground: In the year of 2015, there were 79 cases of filariasis in Ketapang Regency and in Muara Pawan District, in particular, from 32 cases who contracted microfilariae resulted in Mf rate = 2,5% while for prevalence rate (PR) = 2,18. The objectives of this research were to analyze correlation between evironmental and community behavioral factors associated with cases of filariasis as well as to identify the mosquitos which are being the potential vector of filariasis.  Methode: The research was an observational one with a case-control study. The cases and the control of this research were both using 32 respondents. The data were collcted by doing observation and interviews. The collected data were than analyzed using chi-square test. Results: From the surgery of 419 mosquitos, it was revealed that the mosquitoes contained zero filarial larvae, while for the species identification, there were six species of mosquitoes indentified, i.e Anopheles letifer, Mansonia uniformis, Culex tritaeniorhyncus, Culex vishnui, Culex cressipes, and Mansonia annulifera. The resulth of statistical analysis revealed that there were 4 variables associated with the cases of filariasis in Muara Pawan Distict of Ketapang Regency, ie. breeding places (p-value = 0,047), resting places (p-value = 0,007), knowledge (p-value = 0,045), and habit of going out at night (p-value = 0,043)Conclusion: It is concluded that there is a correlation between 4 mentioned variables with the cases of filariasis in Muara Pawan Dictrict of Ketapang Regency.
Keracunan Pestisida pada Petani Penyemprot Cabe di Desa Candi Kecamatan Bandungan Kabupaten Semarang Afriyanto, Afriyanto; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli; Budiyono, Budiyono
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 8, No 1 (2009): April 2009
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.8.1.10 - 14

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: The farmer of chilli often used pesticide in combination and using no  exact dose with reasoing n to increase the potentiality to plant diseases. This condition was harmful for human health, especially the sprayer of chili farmer that can  cause acute poisoning. One of the method to detect of pesticide poisoning was by checking the choliesterase activity in blood. The effect of the exixtance of pesticide in human body was obstructed enzym cholinesterase. This research aimed to analyze risk factors related to pesticide poisoning on the sprayer of chilli farmer in Bandungan Semarang. Method: It was an observational research  using cross-sectional design. The population of study were 110 sparyer of chilli farmers. Using proportional simple random sampling, It was taken 50 farmers.The variable studied in this research were knowledge, attitude, BMI, kind of pesticides, pesticide dose, duration of spray, frequency of spraying, spraying related to wind direction, personal hygiene and personal protective equipment use, and blood examnation to detect cholinestarase using Spectrophotometer. The data would be analyzed using Chi-square test and logistic regression method. Result: The research showed that there were 13  farmers (26%) who suffered severepoisoning and 37  farmers (74%) were suffered light poisoning. The risk  factors related to pesticide poisoning were knowledge, attitude, number of  pesticides used, pesticide dose, frequency of spraying, wind direction, personal hygiene and personal protective equipment use. Conclusion: Most of the chill farmer had suffered poisoning, although It was light. It was needed to improve the behaviour of chilli farmer in handling and spraying activity.   Key words: Chilli farmer, cholinesterase activity, organophosphate poisoning, Bandungan.
Analisis Intensitas Pencahayaan Dan Reflektan Di Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kelelahan Mata Pada Tenaga Kerja Industri Bulu Mata Palsu Di PT. Sung Shim International Purbalingga. Feriyandi, Feriyandi; Setiani, Onny; Joko, Tri
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 6, No 1 (2007): APRIL 2007
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.6.1.1 - 5

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background : There are approximately 15,000 workers in several spurious eyelash industries in Purbalingga Regency. Since objects being observed are very fine and the tasks need high accuracy, good lighting is therefore highly required. Poor lighting can lead to visual and mental fatigue, stiffness around the eyes, eye damage and the increasing of work accidents. Sufficient intensity and good management of lighting will result a comfort environment in accordance  to achieve a safe  work environment. Method : This research was conducted as  observational study with a cross sectional approach  for 45 samples of workers. Sampling was carried out by using of systematic random sampling. Data of light intensity and reflectance were collected by measurement of light using Lux Meter and assessment of visual fatigue by using Retention Timer. Other data were collected by interviewing workers with age limitation up to 33 years old. Chi Square Test was used to analyze the data of light intensity and reflectance, work years, age, work period, distance of light to object, distance of eyes to object, relative humidity and temperature, and the correlation with the rise of visual fatigue. Result : Light intensity in the knitting section was between 301.5 – 576.7 lux with reflectance of 43.1%-89.6%. Thirty wokers (66.7%) suffered from mild visual fatigue and fifteen wokers, suffered (33.3%) from moderate visual fatigue. Light intensity had  an influence and significant relationship  to the occurring of visual fatigue among workers in the industry of spurious eyelash of  PT. Sung Shim International  (p < 0,05) with  Odd ratio = 10.246 (95% CI : 1.147 - 91.498).  Probability of light intensity factor to cause visual fatigue measured by a regression logistic model  was  82.9% . It was caused by  poor lighting (light intensities were measured  below 500 lux) while 17.1%  was caused by  other factors. Conclusion : Most of the spurious eyelash industry  (68.9%) show  light intensity 301.5-499.5 lux (below the standard) and  only 31.1%   has  light intensity 503.5-576.7 lux (conform the standard). The measurement of reflectance  shwos  60.0%  are not conformance with the standard (33.2%-63.5%)  and only 40.0%    conform the standard in the range of  33.2%-63.5%. 33.3%). All workers suffered mild until moderate visual fatigue with reaction time  range from 247-407 milli second until  421-539 milli second. It is sugessted that all the spurious eyelash industry have to improve the working environment to  maintain the productivity and safety of working environment. Keywords : light intensity, reflectance, visual fatigue
Analisis Faktor Risiko Kejadian penyakit Tuberculosis Bagi Masyarakat Daerah Kumuh Kota Palembang Budi, Iwan Stia; Ardillah, Yustini; Sari, Indah Purnama; Septiawati, Dwi
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 17, No 2 (2018): Oktober 2018
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.17.2.87-94

Abstract

Latar belakang:Tuberculosis atau dikenal dengan TB Paru merupakan penyakit yang mematikan setelah HIV-AIDS. Penyakit ini menjadi epidemik di dunia. Indonesia merupakan Negara dengan urutan kedua di dunia penderita TB Paru setelah India. Tahun 2016 penderita Tuberculosis mengalami peningkatan dari 9,6 juta menjadi 10,5 juta jiwa. Sementara Palembang merupakan Kota dengan prevalensi Tuberculosis tertinggi di provinsi Sumatera SelatanMetode:Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, sampel penelitian ini adalah masyarakat yang berobat ke Puskesmas di Kota Palembang. Teknik sampling menggunakan proporsional random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan chi-square dan regresi logistic berganda.Hasil:Analisis statistik secara bivariabel menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin PR 0.65 (0.45 - 0.80), riwayat TB anggota keluarga PR 2.49(1.92 – 3.23),akses informasi PR 2.49(1.92 – 3.23), pencahayaan, kelembapan PR 1.57 (1.10 – 2.23), kondisi atap PR 3.57 (2.38 – 5.34), dinding PR 4.96(2.98 – 8.27), lantai rumah PR 2.46 (1.86 – 3.22), dengan kejadian penyakit Tuberculosis Paru (p<0.05) dan variabel kepadatan hunian secara bivariat PR 0.76(0.58 – 1.01) Sedangkan secara multivariabel menemukan bahwa kepadatan hunian merupa kan variabel yang paling dominan dengan nilai OR 6.42(1.55-26.63).Simpulan:Karakteristik rumah merupakan variabel yang berperan dalam penyebaran penyakit Tuberculosis dan kepadatan hunian merupakan faktor dominan kejadian penyakit tersebut. Surveilens terhadap faktor – faktor risiko lingkungan pada daerah – daerah yang rentan dengan Tuberculosis perlu dilakukan disertai penyuluhan dengan pendekatan keluarga untuk mencegah penyakit Tuberculosis. ABSTRACTTitle: Analysis of Tuberculosis Risk Factors in Slum Area PalembangBackground:Tuberculosis is a fatal disease after HIV-AIDS. This disease becomes epidemic in the world. Indonesia is the second  most populous country in the world of pulmonary tuberculosis patients after India. In 2016, Tuberculosis patients increased from 9,6 million to 10,5 million people. While Palembang Patients TB were the highest one in South Sumatra.Methods:This research was analytical descriptive with cross sectional approach.Sample was patients who visited Puskesmas in Palembang. The sampling technique used proportional  random sampling. Data was analysed through bivariate analysis by  chi-square and multivariate analysis by logistic regression.Results:Bivariable statistical analysis concluded that there were relationship among sex with PR 0.65 (0.45 - 0.80), family history in family with PR 2.49 (1.92 - 3.23), access to information with PR 2.49 (1.92 - 3.23), lighting, humidity with PR 1.57 (1.10 - 2.23 ), roof condition with PR 3.57 (2.38 - 5.34), house wall with PR 4.96 (2.98 - 8.27), home floor PR 2.46 (1.86 - 3.22) with incidence of Tuberculosis Lung disease (p <0.05). occupancy density PR 0.76(0.58 – 1.01)  While multivariable found that occupancy density is the most dominant variable with the value of OR 6.42 (1.55-26.63).Conclusion: house Characteristics were variables that took a role in the spread of Tuberculosis disease and living house density was the dominant factor of the incidence of the disease. Surveillance of environmental risk factors in vulnerable areas with Tuberculosis should be accompanied by familial counseling to prevent Tuberculsois disease
Faktor - Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Tinea Pedis Pada Pemulung Di TPA Jatibarang Semarang Kurniawati, Ratna Dian; Suhartono, Suhartono; Hanani D., Yusniar
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 5, No 1 (2006): APRIL 2006
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.5.1.25 - 28

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background : Tinea pedis is a parasit disease caused by the dermatopoyd fungi and found on skin  around sole of foot and toe. Several risk factors of Tinea pedis are as follow: wearing the shoes for whole day, wearing the sock while working, and hight exposure of fungi. The aim of this research was to determine relationship between the living environment and  the incidence of Tinea pedis on "Pemulung" (the collector of abandoned goods) at the final disposal place of Jatibarang in Semarang. And also to know  the relationship between practise of personal-hygiene and the incidence of Tinea pedis on "Pemulung" . Methods : This was an observational research using cross sectional approach. Samples were "Pemulung" at the final disposal place of Jatibarang in Semarang. Number of samples taken were 56 persons. Independent variables were type of floor, source of water, wearing the shoes while working, wearing the sock while working, changing of the sock, washing the foot after working, drying the foot after washing, washing the shoes after wearing, frequency of taking a bath everyday, and wearing the sandal at home. Results : Results of regression logistic analysis showed that the factors, which influence the occurrence of Tinea pedis, were: sources of water and wearing the sandal at home. With p value for  source of water is 0,016 and wearing the sandal at home is 0,039. The efforts that can be done to prevent transmission of Tinea pedis such as: avoid using the river water and using the monitoring well. "Pemulung" should wear the sandal at home in order to reduce transmission of fungi. Beside that, they should keep clean at around their home to prevent growth of Tinea pedis fungi. Key words : Environmental Sanitation, Practise of Personal-Hygiene, Tinea Pedis
Urgensi Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Risiko Infeksi Leishmaniasis atas Kontingen Garuda di Lebanon Widana, I Dewa Ketut Kerta; Hilmawan, Abimanyu
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 18, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.18.1.34-41

Abstract

Latar belakang: Suriah merupakan wilayah endemik Cutaneous Leishmaniasis dengan kasus infeksi yang terburuk di dunia. Akibat perang saudara dan  terorisme, infeksi penyakit Cutaneous Leishmaniasis atas rakyat Suriah menjadi tidak terkendali dengan kasus sebesar 58.156 di tahun 2011, 71.996 di tahun 2013, dan 50.972 kasus di tahun 2015. Konflik berkepanjangan mendorong dislokasi rakyat Suriah ke negara-negara di sekitarnya, salah satunya Lebanon. Catatan kasus Cutaneous Leishmaniasis di Lebanon selalu baik dalam jangka tahun 2006 hingga 2015 (selalu di bawah 7 kasus). Namun akibat dislokasi rakyat Suriah ke Lebanon, menimbulkan peningkatan imported case Cutaneous Leishmaniasis yang terus meningkat dari 1.033 kasus di tahun 2013 menjadi 1.393 di tahun 2015. Sejak tahun 2006, Indonesia mengirim Kontingen Garuda untuk misi perdamaian di perbatasan Lebanon-Israel. Dengan meningkatnya risiko infeksi Cutaneous Leishmaniasis di Lebanon, belum adanya gambaran berapa lama konflik di Suriah akan berakhir, dan belum jelasnya kapan misi perdamaian Indonesia di Lebanon akan selesai, risiko infeksi Leishmaniasis atas prajurit TNI semakin tinggi. Tujuan paper ini adalah memberikan masukan bagaimana Kontingen Garuda di Lebanon memperkecil risiko infeksi Cutaneous Leishmaniasis.Metode: Paper ini disusun dengan teknik studi literatur (literature review) mengenai praktik pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi Leishmaniasis menggunakan teknik Miles, Huberman dan Saldana (2014) yaitu data condensation, data display, dan conclusion drawing.Hasil: Vaksin penyakit Leishmaniasis belum ditemukan dan obat-obatan untuk penyembuhannya yang tersedia saat ini masih memiliki  toksisitas tinggi. Mencegah gigitan lalat pasir dengan alat pelindung diri, rekayasa lingkungan untuk penurunan populasi lalat pasir dan hewan inang, serta mengkarantina dan memulihkan inang manusia adalah cara paling efektif untuk mengontrol risiko infeksi Leishmaniasis.Simpulan: Mencegah gigitan lalat pasir adalah cara terbaik dalam memperkecil risiko infeksi Leishmaniasis. Pemberantasan vektor dan inang, serta penggunaan alat pelindung diri adalah langkah yang perlu diambil Kontingen Garuda untuk memperkecil risiko infeksi Leishmaniasis. ABSTRACTTitle: The Urgency to Prevent and Control the Risk of Leishmaniasis Infection on the Garuda Contingent in LebanonBackground: Syria is an endemic region of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis with the worst infection case in the world. Fueled by civil war and terrorism, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis infection ravage the country with 58.156 cases in 2011, 71.996 cases in 2013, and 50.972 cases in 2015. The prolonged conflict force the dislocations of Syrians to neighbouring countries such as Lebanon. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis case in Lebanon is relatively low but as the refugee from Syria entering the border, the imported case of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis increases. As Indonesia keep sending Garuda Contingent to Lebanon for peacekeeping mission since 2006, this caused a worry that the troops may infected with Leishmaniasis. The aim of this paper is to give inputs about how to suppress the risk of infection between Garuda Contingent in Lebanon.Methods: literature review from journals about Leishmaniasis prevention and control using Miles, Huberman, and Saldana’s (2014) analytical technique of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing.Results: Vaccine for Leishmaniasis is yet to be found and the medicines for the treatment is still have high toxicity. Preventing the sandfly bites by using self protective measures/equipment, environmental engineering to reduce Leishmaniasis reservoir and vector, quarantine the infected human and curing the victim are the most effective way to control the risk of Leishmaniasis infeections.Conclusion:  Preventing sandfly bite is the best way to suppress the risk of Leishmaniasis infection. Vector and reservoir control, and the use self protective measures and equipment is necessary to lower the Leishmaniasis infection risks to Garuda Contingent.
Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Kualitas Bekteriologis Air Minum Isi Ulang Tingkat Produsen Di Kota Semarang Tahun 2004. Asfawi, Supriyono; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli; Sulistiyani, Sulistiyani
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 3, No 2 (2004): OKTOBER 2004
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.3.2.50 - 53

Abstract

ABSTRACK Background:Water represents an absolute medium to human life and other living things. However, water can also be the best media of diseases to spread. Therefore, before consumed, water has to be processed drinking to eliminate or degrade impure materials up to the safest level. As water becomes more problematic these days, it attracts the attention of drinking water refill depots to. Furthermore, dringking water that produce is not yet legalized and standardized in terms of its process. This research to know determine factors related to bacteriological quality of drinking water product drinking water  refill in Semarang City. Methods:This  research was an Explanatory Research. Using  observation with a cross sectional approach. Samples are determined with standard error of 10% from 49 depots divided proportionally towards the spreading of depots throughout Semarang city. The variables used are a parameter of the bacteriologic number of coliform, E_Coli germs. Data analysis using Test correlation of kontingensi chi-square to know relation between variable. Results:The result of this research shows the relation to the variables using Chi-square test, it is shown that the condition of standard water and the condition of Bacteria of refill drinking water are C = 0,494, p = 0,0001, consequently Ho rejects it. Correlation test of instrument condition and the bacteriologic quality of refill drinking water showed that when C = 0,178, p = 0,447, Ho accepts it. While correlation test of processing of drinking water and the bacteriologic quality of refill drinking water showed that when C = 0,346, p = 0,035,  Ho rejects it. Correlation test of hygienic officer of depot and the bacteriologic quality of refill drinking water shows that when C = 0,263, p = 0,162, so Ho accepts it. And correlation test of DAMIU sanitation and the bacteriologic quality of refill drinking water showed that C = 0,512, p = 0,0001, so Ho rejects it. Conclusions: All depots have not yet met the requirements of producing standard water as requested by Department of Health. The hygienic behavior of  workers is still poor. The bacteriologic quality of refill drinking water based on the result of lab. test indicates that 34 samples ( 69,4%) have fulfilled the requirements of standard  drinking water but the rest have not yet reached the minimum standard of drinking water. This matter is caused by the standard water which is used, the procedure of processing and the environmental condition of depot. Keyword; drinking water, refill depots, bacteriology quality

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