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INDONESIA
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan indonesia
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 14124939     EISSN : 25027085     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Social,
Environmental Science Public Health
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia (JKLI, p-ISSN: 1412-4939, e-ISSN:2502-7085, http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkli) provides a forum for publishing the original research articles related to: Environmental Health Environmental Epidemiology Environmental Health Risk Assessment Environmental Health Technology Environmental-Based Diseases Environmental Toxicology Water and Sanitation Waste Management Pesticides Exposure Vector Control Food Safety
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 439 Documents
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Kajian Manajemen Sanitasi Lingkungan di Pelabuhan Pontianak Sutrisno, Sutrisno; Raharjo, Mursid; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 8, No 2 (2009): Oktober 2009
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.8.2.52 - 62

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: Management of environmental sanitation is an activity to create a condition of healthy & sustainable environment in the Harbor area. Activities at Pontianak Port can cause health problems including pollution of air, soil, water, and food/beverage and may cause of high risk disease. In 2007, total number of disease cases was 1.277. Number of diseases based on environment was 1.057 (82.77%) that consisted of 407 cases of Acute Tract Respiratory Infection (31.87%), 317 cases Diarrhea (24.82%), 105 cases thypus abdominalis (8.22%), 70 cases Allergy Dermatitis (5.48%), 64 cases Conjunctivitis (5.01%), 49 cases Eye Irritation (3.84%), and 45 cases Taenia Pedis (3.52%). Number of diseases which was not based on environment was 220 cases (17.23%) that consisted of 139 cases of General Weakness (10.88%), 59 cases of Hypotension (3.92%), and 31 cases of Gastritis (2.43%). Method: Design of this research was a descriptive-explorative study using qualitative analysis. Number of sample was 22 persons carried out by using a purposive sampling. Data were collected primarily and secondarily to identify and to analyze five aspects of management from six components of harbor’s environmental sanitation. Furthermore, inspection of sanitation, sample test, survey, eradication, and management analysis were performed. Result: Result of this research showed that in drinking water, number of MPN Coli form was high (96, 240, 240, 240, 12). Canteen had a high risk to be polluted for  the procedure (80%), place (100%), and management (100%). Condition of kitchen and cooking tools inside a ship was dirty. There were 10 carts, 5 containers, and 46 toilets. There was no installation of waste water processing and absorption. Vector control used fogging, providing abate powder to eradicate larva of mosquito, and trapping of rat. Inspection of sanitation is sometimes done in a half of sanitation components. Managerial institution had a different focus in terms of a cost and an activity and it is not coordinative. Regulation of Health Ministry No. 340 year1985 had not performed consistently. Community had a complaint in the availability of environmental sanitation facilities quantitatively and qualitatively. Conclusion: Management of environmental sanitation at Pontianak Port has not been in accordance with the health standard which is published by the government (Health Department of Indonesia Republic) and international world (International Health Regulation/ IHR 2005). It is suggested to manage Harbor’s sanitation continually and to implement a strict  regulation in order to reach condition of public health optimally. Keywords : management, environmental sanitation, Harbor, Pontianak
Hubungan Pajanan Pestisida dengan Gangguan Keseimbangan Tubuh Petani Hortikultura di Kecamatan Ngablak Kabupaten Magelang Samosir, Kholilah; Setiani, Onny; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 16, No 2 (2017): Oktober 2017
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.16.2.63-69

Abstract

Latar belakang, Upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi pertanian agar tanaman tidak rusak oleh hama dan penyakit petani menggunakan pestisida dengan harapan mampu meningkatkan hasil pertanian dan serta dapat membuat biaya pengelolaan pertanian menjadi lebih efisien dan ekonomis. Pestisida dapat bersifat akut, kronis maupun sistemik, yang dapat menyerang sistem syaraf ,salah satunya gangguan keseimbangan,hati atau liver,dan keseimbangan hormonal dengan cara mempengaruhi kerja enzim. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui hubungan pajanan  pestisida dengan gangguan keseimbangan tubuh pada petani hortikultura di Kecamatan Ngablak, Kabupaten Magelang.Metode, penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan desain Cross Sectional. Populasi penelitan adalah petani yang termasuk dalam kelompok tani desa Sumberejo. Sampel adalah petani desa Sumberejo yang memenuhi kriteria sebanyak 70 responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan kuisioner, pemeriksaan kolinesterase dalam darah menggunakan Spectrophotometer, dan gangguan keseimbangan tubuh dengan menggunakan romberg test.Hasil, Sebanyak 14,3 % petani dari hasil pemeriksaan kadar kolinesterase pada petani desa Sumberejo di Kecamatan Ngablak mengalami keracunan pestisida dan 34,3% petani dari hasil pemeriksaan romberg test mengalami gangguan keseimbangan, dari hasil uji chi square menunjukkan ada hubungan antara masa kerja  nilai (p = 0,036),lama kerja per hari (p = 0,015), penggunaan alat pelindung diri (p = 0,035 dan kadar kolinesterase (p = 0,000 dengan gangguan keseimbangan dan tidak ada hubungan antara frekuensi, jumlah, jenis, dosis, cara penyemprotan, dan pengelolaan pestisida dengan gangguan keseimbangan tubuhKesimpulan, faktor risiko masa kerja petani, lama kerja per hari,cara penyemprotan, penggunaan alat pelindung diri mempengaruhi adanya kadar kolinesterase dalam darah yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan keseimbangan tubuh. ABSTRACTBackground: Efforts to increase agricultural production to prevent damage or plant from past and deseae are using pesticides. It is expected to increase the agricultural yields and also can make the cost of management cheaper and economical. The pesticide give rice to cause acute, chronic or systemic poisoning. Pesticides can attack nervous system, and cause body balance disorder, The liver disorder, stomach, the immune system and the hormonal balance affect the action of enzyme. The purpose of this research was to the assocation between the pesticide exposure and body balance disorders on horticultura farmers in Ngablak sub district, Magelang District.The method: This research used the observational analiytic method with cross-sectional approach. The population in this research were horticultura farmers of Sumberejo village. The sample in this research were farmers that meet the inclusion criteria. Data collection used the questionnaire, cholinesterase in blood by spectrophotometer, examination the body were disorder was measured by the romberg test. The number of samples in this research ballance 70 farmer in Ngablak sub district, Magelang District.The results: The average level of cholinesterase of the farmer at Sumberejo village in Ngablak sub-district showered that 14,3% were poisoned by pesticide. The study result showed that 34,3% horticultura farmer at Ngablak sub-district suffered ao body balance disorder. Based on chi-square test it showed a assocation between the working period (=0,036), the duration day of work (p=0,015), the personal protective aquipment (p=0,035), the average level of cholinesterase (p=0,000) balance disorders and there is no relationship between the number, type, management, frequency and dose of pesticide spraying with body.The conclusion: Of this research, risk factor of the farmer’s working, the length of work, the spraying method, personal protective equipment effect the avarage level of cholinesterae in blood can cause distrurbance of body balance horticultura farmers.
Paparan Debu Kayu Dan Gangguan Fungsi Paru Pada Pekerja Mebel (Studi di PT Alis Jaya Ciptatama) Triatmo, Wenang; Adi, M. Sakundarno; Hanani D., Yusniar
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 5, No 2 (2006): OKTOBER 2006
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.5.2.69 - 76

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background : Wood dust generated from processes of sawing, planning and sanding can disperse in the workplace air and harm to the workers. Exposed to low concentration of wood dust for a long time can cause respiratory tract disorders  such as restriction, obstruction or mixed. Generally, organic dust exposure will effect on obstruction of respiratory tract which is indicated by decreasing of % FEV – 1 / FVC. Workers of wood industries have a high risk from wood dust deposition on their respiratory tract. Absorption of wood dust particles in the lung occurred by respiration mechanism. Methods : This research purpose was to analyze the exposure of wood dust and lung function disorder on furniture workers (Study  at  PT Alis Jaya Ciptatama ) in Jepara Regency. This research was an observational study with a cross Sectional approach with 55 samples. Sampling was carried out by using a Probability Systematic Sampling. Data of respirable wood dust concentration  was measured by a using Personal Dust Sampler. Whereas data of lung function was resulted from Sprirometry test  using a spirometer. Other data was collected from interview with the workers with age limitation is up to 40 years old. Data analyze by Chi Square Test was used to   identity the wood dust exposure, age, gender, time of exposure, working years, smoking habit, excercise habit, nutrient status and awareness in using of Personal Protective Equipment, in the correlation of occuring the lung function disorder.Multivariat analysis was carried out by regression test with the method of backward stepwise. Results: The result of this research was wood dust exposure significantly influence and correlate to the occuring of the lung function disorder on furniture workers ( Study at PT Alis Jaya Ciptatama ), using appliance Personal Dust Sampler, highest result wood dust exposure 1,848 mg/m³ and the low result wood dust exposure 0,833 mg/m³, with the result : for wood dust exposure  p = 0,001 and odss ratio  = 13,720 with 95% CI (3,034 – 62,040). Probability of wood dust exposure factor toward lung function disorder which was assessed by logistic regression formula resulted in, wood dust exposure over the Theshold Limit Value of 1 mg/m³ is 78,4% another 21,6% is because of other factor beyond the study of the researcher. Conclusion: The recomendation  of this research is expected to be an input for the local government and  Health Service in particular, in making guidelines of the programs related to harmful effects from the workplace to the workers health, as well as for the needs of workplace monitoring and occupational health surveillance. Therefore to make the programs succeed , it needs occupational health promotion  and application of controle measures on reducing wood dust concentration at the workplace. Keywords : Wood Dust Exposure, Lung Function Disorder, Workers, Furniture.
Analisis Spasial Karakteristik Lingkungan dan Dinamika Kepadatan Anopheles sp. Pengaruhnya terhadap Kejadian Malaria di Kecamatan Seram Barat Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat Maluku Watmanlusy, Efraim; Raharjo, Mursid; Nurjazuli, Nurjazuli
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 18, No 1 (2019): April 2019
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.18.1.12-18

Abstract

Latar belakang: Kecamatan Seram Barat merupakan salah satu wilayah di bagian timur Indonesiayang endemis malariadan dikategorikan tinggi dengan indikator API diatas angka nasional. Angka kesakitan malaria per 1000 penduduk pada tiga tahun terakhir fluktuatif dimana API tahun 2014 (22,8‰), 2015(6,147‰) dan 2016 (9,03‰) dengan441kasus klinis,248kasus positif, ditemukan 23 spesies namun belumterkonfirmasi sebagai vektor malaria.Tujuan : Menganalisis secara spasial karakteritik linkungan dan dinamika kepadatan Anopheles sp. pengharunya terhadap kejadian malaria di Kecamatan Seram Barat.Metode : Jenis Penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik, desainnyacross sectionalyang pelaksananya di Kecamatan Seram Barat terhadap 100 orang yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi  dan Penangkapan nyamuk dengan metode upan orang didalam dan di halaman rumah. Analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square.Hasil :Hasil penelitian ditemukan 41 reponden positif malaria, 5 spesies Anopheles sp. yakni An.vagus, An.teselaltus, An.kochi, An.barbirotris, An.farautidan tidak terkonfirmasi sebagai vektor malaria, variabel yang mempengaruhi kejadian malaria adalah Suhu udara (p= 0,022, PR = 2,082), Kelembaban (p= 0,003, PR = 3,421),Kepadatan Anopheles sp. (p=0,001, PR = 2,853), Jarak Breeding places (0,000, RP= 10,054). Kesimpulanadalahtedapat 41 kasus, 5 spesies Anopheles sp. Suhu udara, kelembaban, kepadatan Anopheles sp, jarak breeding placesmempengaruhi kejadian malaria, tidak ditemukan Anopheles sp sebagai vektor malaria di Seram Barat berdasakan hasil uji PCR ABSTRACTTitle: Spatial Analysis of Environmental characteristics and Dynamics of Density Anopheles sp. As The Effect on Malaria Case in West Seram District, Western Area of Seram Regency, Maluku.Background: West Seram District is one of the regions in eastern Indonesia that became malaria endemic area and categorized as high with the API indicator above the national figure. The number of malaria morbidity, per 1000 of population, had been fluctuating in last three years which shown by API in 2014 (22.8 ‰), 2015 (6,147 ‰) and 2016 (9.03 ‰) with 441 clinical cases, 248 positive cases, 23 species have been found but it has not been confirmed yet as a malaria vector. The purpose of the study is to analyze spatially the characteristics of the environment and the dynamics of the density from Anopheles sp. as the effect on the case of malaria in West Seram District.Methods: the type of this research is boservational analytic with cross sectional design. The research was held in West Seram District toward 100 people that were selected by purposive sampling.The collecting data had been done through interview, observation, and catching the mosquitoes using bait people method inside and outside the house yard. The analysis were using chi-square test.Result : The results of the study found 41 respondents positive for malaria, 5 species of Anopheles sp. namely An.vagus, An.teselaltus, An. kochi, An. barbirotris, and An. farauti. The variables affecting the case of malaria were air temperature (p = 0.022, PR = 2.082), humidity (p = 0.003, PR = 3.421), density of Anopheles sp. (p = 0.001, PR = 2,853), breeding places distances (0,000, RP = 10,054). The result of PCR test shows that there are no species containing Plamodium were found. Conclusion;The result detected  41 cases, identified 5 species of Anopheles sp. air temperature, humidity, density of Anopheles sp, distance of breeding places affecting the case of malaria. There are no Anopheles sp were found as a malaria vector in Seram Barat based on PCR test result.
Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Gangguan Pendengaran Tipe Sensorineural Tenaga Kerja Unit Produksi PT.Kurnia Jati Utama Semarang Arini, Evi Yulia; Setiani, Onny; Budiyono, Budiyono
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 4, No 1 (2005): APRIL 2005
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.4.1.23 - 26

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background : PT. Kurnia Jati Utama is a wood processing company. Noise intensity in production room was passing over the threshold limit value (TLV) 85 dB (A). Workers work continuously over 8 hours a day or even more. If that noise exposure expose for 8 hours a day or 40 hours a week, it will make a sensory neural hearing loss. The Objective of this research was to determine factors that related to SNHL on unit production workers of PT. Kurnia Jati Utama. Methods : The research design used cross -  sectional approach. Populations of this research were workers at unit sawmill, garden furniture and moulding. Respondents were determine by inclusion criteria, and it was choose 60 workers. Data was analyzed using univariate technique with frequencies distribution table, bivariate by chi-square and multivariate analysis by logistic regression. Result The result of the study showed that 23 respondents  (38.3%) had sensory neural hearing loss  39 respondents ( 65%) had noise exposure more over   85 dB  ( A);30 respondents (60%) have age of  more than 30 year;  35 respondents ( 58,3%) had been  work less than 10 year;  45 respondents  ( 75%)  works over 8 hours a day and 40 hours a week; 51 respondents ( 85%) didn’t wear ear protector.  There was a significant relation between noise intensity, years of work and working hours with sensor neural hearing loss incidence. There was no relation between age and using self protector equipment with sensory neural hearing loss incidence; (9) There was a significant relation between noise intensity, years of work and working hours ( by together) with sensory neural hearing loss incidence Conclusions : Workers who have been working for more than 10 years, and works over 8 hours a day or 40 hours a week and expose the noise more than 85 dB (A), have 98,8% risk of sensory neural hearing loss risk.   Key Words : Noise, SNHL, Wood Industry Workers
Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan Paparan Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S) dan Ammonia (NH3) Pada Masyarakat Wilayah TPA Sukawinatan Kota Palembang Tahun 2018 Faisya, Achmad Fickry; Putri, Dini Arista; Ardillah, Yustini
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 18, No 2 (2019): Oktober 2019
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.18.2.126-134

Abstract

Latar belakang: TPA Sukawinatan merupakan salah satu tempat pembuangan akhir yang masih beroperasi aktif di Kota Palembang. TPA Sukawinatan berjenis controled landfill dengan risiko peningkatan aktivitas dekomposisi mikroorganisme secara anaerob sehingga menghasilkan gas hidrogen sulfida and ammonia setelah proses penimbunan sampah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis risiko kesehatan lingkungan paparan gas hidrogen sulfide dan ammonia pada masyarakat sekitar TPA Sukawinatan.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode analisis kuantitatif. Pendekatan yang digunakan yaitu dengan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL). Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 50 orang masyarakat dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dalam radius 300 dan 600 m. Analisis data yang dilakukan yaitu analisis univariat dan analisis risiko.Hasil: Hasil penelitian untuk kadar risk agent menunjukkan bahwa kadar H2S tertinggi sebesar 0,003 mg/m3, kadar NH3 tertinggi yaitu 0,031 mg/m3. Nilai RQ (NH3) untuk setiap risk agent dilokasi studi seluruhnya menunjukkan dibawah 1, sedangkan nilai RQ (H2S)  untuk setiap risk agent berbeda terdapat nilai yang menunjukkan diatas 1.Simpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukaan bahwa H2S di sekitar kawasan TPA sukawinatan memiliki risiko terhadap gangguan kesehatan masyarakat karena masih terdapat nilai RQ>1. Untuk itu sebaiknya Dinas Kebersihan dan Lingkungan Hidup Kota Palembang sebaiknya dapat melakukan manajemen risiko terhadap masyarakat yang beresiko mengalami gangguan kesehatan. ABSTRACTTitle: Enviromental Health Risk Analysis Of Hydrogen Sulfide (H2s) And Ammonia (Nh3) Exposure In The Communities Around Sukawinatan Landfill In Palembang 2018Background: Sukawinatan landfill is a one of landfill that still operates actively in the city of Palembang. The types of Sukawinatan landfill was control landfill with increased risk of decomposition activity of anaerobic microorganisms to produce hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gases after the waste dumping process. This study aims to analyze risk factors of hidrogen sulfide and ammonia gases exposure to communities around Sukawinatan Landfill.Methods: This study was descriptive research and used quantitative analysis method. The approach used was Environmental Health and Risk Analysis. Sample in this research was 50 human sample and technique was used Purposive Sampling within the radius of 300 and 600 m. Data analysis was conducted using  univariate and risk analysis.Results: The results of research showed that the highest levels of risk agent H2S levels is 0,003 mg/m3, the highest levels of NH3 is 0,031 mg/m3. The level of risk (NH3) showed below 1, while The level of risk (H2S) for each different risk agent there is showed above 1.Conclusion: Based on the result of this research, assesment is who received RQ>1 in TPA Sukawinatan Departement  of environmental and sanitation in Palembang must to do risk management towards people who are at risk of wxperiencing health problems. 
Penurunan Kromium (Cr) dalam Limbah Cair Proses Penyamakan Kulit Menggunakan Senyawa Alkali Ca(OH)2, NaOH, dan NaHCO3 (Studi Kasus di Pt Trimulyo Kencana Mas Semarang) Joko, Tri
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 2, No 2 (2003): OKTOBER 2003
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.2.2.39 - 45

Abstract

ABTRACT Background : One of the industrial type which use hazardous materials in its production process is leather tanning industry, by using chromium compound (Cr). Chromium is a heavy metal compound which recognized has a high poison energy. Result of analysis of sampel industrial liquid waste of leather tanning of PT Trimulyo Kencana Mas (TKM) Semarang showed that total chromium concervation was 49,575 m/l. This total Chromium rate was still above the standard quality of which enabled maximal 2,0 mg/l, according to Kep51/MENLH/110/1995. Alkali compound of Ca(OH)2, NaOH and NaHC03 is chemicals able to be used for the processing of industrial liquid waste of pregnant leather tanning of chromium, functioning to boost up condensation pH andprecipitated chromium so that obtained chrome in theform of hydroxide chromium (Cr(OH)3). Methods : which used in this research is (quasi experimental), with experiment variable repeated or referred as one group pretest ‑ posttest design. Results : of this research showed that optimum pH for the compound of each alkali at condition of pH 8, with the efficiency dissociation of chromium was equal to 99,28 % by using alkali compound of Ca(OH)2 and of NaOH, while usage of NaHC03 equal to 98,50 %. Conclusions: Alkali compound of Ca(OH)2, NaOH and NaHCO3 can degrade chromium concentration (Cr) in liquid waste with high efficiency, that is reaching under standard quality. The most effective Compound of Alkali, evaluated from the technical aspect for the degradation of chromium concentration in liquid waste is NaOH, because with only small dose can dissociate chromium in liquid waste with high efficiency (99,28 %), For economic reason and recommendation for application in the field is Ca(OH)2. Keyword : Efficiency Ca(OH)2,, hydroxide chromium, NaHCO3, NaOH, pH, Chromium Compound
Kondisi Dan Upaya Strategi Penanganan Sanitasi di Kota Batam Tri Joko; Elanda Fikri
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 11, No 1 (2012): April 2012
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.11.1.43-53

Abstract

Latar Belakang : Seperti pada umumnya yang terjadi di kota-kota lainnya di Indonesia, masalah air limbah dan sanitasi di Kota Batam belum mendapat perhatian yang cukup memadai dari pemerintah kota. Pesatnya pertumbuhan ekonomi, yang diiringi dengan peningkatan jumlah penduduk dengan laju pertumbuhan penduduk 12%/tahun memberikan dampak positif maupun negatif terhadap kenyamanan lingkungan dan berakibat pada kawasan kumuh dan pencemaran, ditambah dengan karakteristik Kota Batam yang merupakan daerah dengan struktur tanah bauksit (sifat impermiabel), menyebabkan air limbah yang dibuang oleh warga batam ke drainase kota tidak dapat terurai dan terserap oleh tanah, sehingga akan menambah beban pencemaran air baku pada waduk. Implikasinya terjadi peningkatan kasus (water born disease) setiap tahunnya. Metode : Metode penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran atau deskripsi tentang suatu keadaan secara objektif. Hasil : Dari hasil penelitian terdapat 3 Kecamatan yang menjadi area beresiko tinggi terhadap masalah sanitasi di Kota Batam, yaitu Kecamatan Batu aji, Lubuk Baja dan Bengkong. Strategi dalam penanganan masalah ini adalah Jangka pendek : meningkatkan PHBS di area beresiko tinggi, jangka menengah : mengupayakan untuk membangun IPLT di wilayah Kecamatan Batam Kota dan melakukan revitalisasi Waste Water Treatment Plant (WWTP) Batam Center yang sebelumnya dialihfungsikan menjadi Instalasi Pengolahan Limbah Tinja (IPLT). Jangka Panjang : mengupayakan sistem perpipaan pada zona/kawasan yang mencemari waduk. yaitu Kecamatan Sekupang dan Kecamatan Batu Aji yang mencemari Waduk Sei Harapan dengan sistem pengelolaan secara Shallow Sewer, dan Kecamatan Sagulung yang mencemari Waduk Tembesi (waduk ini masih dalam konstruksi) dengan sistem pengelolaan secara Conventional Sewerage. Kata kunci :  area beresiko, cemaran,  limbah domestik, strategi sanitasi.
Purifikasi Alami Sungai Bedadung Hilir Menggunakan Pemodelan Streeter-Phelps Wahyuningsih, Sri; Dharmawan, Agus; Novita, Elida
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2020): Oktober 2020
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.19.2.95-102

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Sungai Bedadung hilir berada di Kabupaten Jember dan merupakan bagian sungai utama di DAS Bedadung. Sungai ini berperan penting bagi kehidupan masyarakat Jember. Kegiatan pengunaan lahan mengubah fungsi sungai menjadi saluran pembuang limbah. Limbah organik masuk ke badan air Sungai Bedadung dan menurunkan oksigen terlarut di perairan.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif. Data primer diperoleh dengan melakukan pengukuran debit dan kualitas air (Temperatur, DO dan BOD) sungai di lima titik pantau. Data tersebut kemudian diolah dan digunakan sebagai input variabel persamaan Streeter-Phelps.Hasil: Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan laju deoksigenasi dan reoksigenasi Sungai Bedadung hilir tertinggi berada pada BDG02 masing-masing 7.997 mg/L.hari dan 19.168 mg/L/hari. Purifikasi alami yang dimodelkan dengan persamaan Streeter-Phelps, pada BDG02 tidak menunjukkan tren penurunan oksigen terlarut, sedangkan empat titik yang lain cenderung turun, mencapai kondisi kritis dan saturai di waktu yang berbeda. Hasil pembuktian model menunjukkan terjadi perbedaan nilai DO model terhadap kondisi lapangan (DO aktual).Simpulan: Aplikasi pemodelan Streeter-Phelps untuk menganalisis purifikasi alami Sungai Bedadung tidak dapat menunjukkan kesesuaian dengan kondisi lapang, karena proses deoksigenasi dan reoksigenasi di sepanjang sungai selalu berbeda dengan model bergantung pada tambahan pencemar dan hidraulik sungai. ABSTRACTTitle :Background: Bedadung Downstream, at Jember Region, is the primary river of Bedadung basin. The river has its meaningful advantages to public activities. Change of land uses the stream functions to a big drainage channel. Organic pollutants entrance to the water body and decrease the concentration of dissolved oxygen.Methods: This research was descriptive. The primary data was obtained by measuring stream flows and water quality (Temperature, DO, and BOD) at five observed stations. The data were processed and used as variable inputs to the Streeter-Phelps equation.Results: Based on the research conducted, BDG02 had the highest values of deoxygenation and reoxygenation rates, which were 7.997 mg/L.day and 19.168 mg/L.day respectively. DOmod at BDG02 tends to line up, whereas DOmod at four stations had a tendency to declined to critical conditions and rise to the saturation condition at different times. DO sag model was different from actual DO, which measured directly in the water body.Conclusions: The use of the Streeter-Phelps equation to analyze the self-purification of Bedadung downstream wasn’t appropriate with the field conditions. Deoxygenation and reoxygenation process in the river body was typically difference with the model applied, which were affected by organic pollutants and stream hydraulics. 
Analisis Faktor Risiko yang Berpengaruh Terhadap Kejadian Keracunan Pestisida Organofosfat pada Petani Penyemprot Hama Tanaman di Kecamatan Bulu, Kabupaten Temanggung, 2002. Mualim, Khabib; Setiani, Onny; Hadisaputro, Suharyo
Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia Vol 1, No 2 (2002): OKTOBER 2002
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jkli.1.2.56 - 60

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background : Pesticides spraying which does not follow the regulation, will give many effect to human health. For example, the farmers will be Poisoning Pesticides Poisoning can be found by the examination of the blood cholinesterase activities. The factor that influence to the occurrence of pesticides poisoning are factors from the inside of the human body (internal) and the outside of the human body (external). Based on the result of examination of the farmer’s blood cholinesterase activities  that had been carried on  for four  times, it showed that in year 1994, 58.4% from 65 person were Poisoned; in year 1997, 36.3% from 85 person were Poisoning in year 1999, 30.7% from 80 person were Poisoning, in year 2000, 65.3% from 80 persons were Poisoned. Methods : Research design used case-control study with 104 cases and 104 controls. Risk factors were the  research area,  age, nutritional status, anemia, pesticides processing, using of personal protective equipment, pesticides dose, the number of pesticides used, work duration, spraying duration, spraying frequency, spraying action in the same wind direction, and spraying time. The research was carried on in the  sub district of Bulu, district of Temanggung, Central Java. Results : the number of Poisoning occurences in Pakurejo village are 30.3%, age group of 30 – 39 years are 30.8%  and  SD Graduation 59.1%. Risk factors that influence to the occurrence of pesticides Poisoning are  nutritional status < 18.5 (OR = 6.78; 95% CI = 2.08 – 22.62); not properly  pesticides dose (OR = 6.46; 95% Cl = 2.52-16.57); the number of pesticides types ³ 3 types (OR = 5.37; 95% Cl = 2.23-12.92); anemia (OR = 5.03; 95% Cl = 1.54-16.46); spraying frequency ³ 3 times (OR = 4.95; 95% Cl = 2.03-12.7); bad sprying times (OR = 3.94; 95% Cl = 1.70-9.17); age ³ 40 year (OR = 3.83; 95% Cl = 1.64-8.94); sprying action opposites the wind direction (OR = 3.43; 95% Cl = 1.37-8.62); and using of un complete personal protective equipment (OR = 2.83; 95% Cl = 1.19-19.68). Conclusion, nutritional status risk factor < 18.5 is the most influenced risk factor to the occurrence of organophosphate pseticides Poisoning at the sprayer farmers of plant pest. Key Word: Rick factors, Cholinesterease activities, Organophosphate Pesticides poisoning

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