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Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi

bioma
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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : - EISSN : 25982370 DOI : -

Core Subject : Education, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education

BIOMA (ISSN 1410-8801) adalah Majalah Ilmiah Biologi yang bertujuan mewadahi semua informasi hasil penelitian, telaah pustaka, makalah teknis, dan kajian buku, dari berbagai cabang ilmu Biologi. Diharapkan penerbitan ini dapat berkontribusi dalam penyampaian informasi ilmiah yang merupakan mata rantai proses kegiatan ilmiah. Terbit sejak tahun 1999.

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Articles 318 Documents

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Efek Rebusan Daun Tapak Dara pada Dosis dan Frekuensi yang Berbeda terhadap Kerusakan dan Akumulasi Glikogen pada Hepar Mencit (Mus musculus) Dewi, Utari Kusuma; Saraswati, Tyas Rini
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 11, No. 1, Tahun 2009
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of boiled -Vinca rosea leaf for hepar and glycogenaccumulation in Mus musculus hepatocyts on several dosages, frequencies and the interaction of dosagesfrequencies.The research used factorial experiment with Complete Randomize Design and continued with Duncan test at5% level. The result of this experiment indicated that there was significant by different of dosage treatment. Thehigher dosage boiled- Vinca rosea leaf that given into Mus musculus, the more hepatocyts damage. Hepatocyt injurywas indicated by swollen until atrophy cell with glycogen accumulation in the cytoplasm of hepatocyt.

Talas-Talasan (Araceae) Sumber Pangan Lokal Di Kawasan Karst Kecamatan Pracimantoro Kabupaten Wonogiri Jayanti, Endah Dwi; Jumari, J; Wiryani, Erry
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 2, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Taros (Araceae) is a group of bulbous plants which are commonly found in Indonesia. Araceae have a high carbohydrate content, so it is potential to be used as a local food source for the community. The purpose of this research was to assess the types and cultivars, cultivation status, and the utilization of Araceae found in the karst area of Pracimantoro District, Wonogiri. The research was held in January to May 2016. Plant sample was taken in six villages, Sumberagung, Gedong, Gebangharjo, Glinggang, Wonodadi and Gambirmanis. The data were analyzed descriptively. The results is, 9 variants of Araceae which belong to 4 species was found in the karst area of Pracimantoro. Cultivation status of Araceae is semi-wild, that is not planted and given specific treatment. The utilization of Araceae in Pracimantoro District generally as food additives, other uses is for medicinal and ornamental plantsÂ Key word: Araceae, Local food resources, Karst area, Pracimantoro.

Kemampuan Bakteri Asam Laktat Dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Aflatoksin B2 Aspergilllus flavus Lunggani, Arina Tri
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 09, No. 2, Tahun 2007
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Aflatoxins are highly toxic secondary metabolies produced during the growth of several fungi, especiallyAspergillus flavus. AFB1 and AFB2 one of them which contaminates a wide variety of food and feed causing serioushealth problem when consumed by human or animals. This research was aimed to study the potency of Lactic AcidBacteria (LAB) in the inhibition of Aspergillus flavus growth and the production of Aflatoxin B2. Three species ofLAB i.e. Lactobacillus delbrueckii , L. fermentum, L. plantarum were investigated for their potential in inhibitingand degradation of Aflatoxin B2 as well as inhibiting fungal growth. The trial was designed into three variations ofeach isolate by challenging the fungal culture, before fungal inoculation, at the same time as fungal inoculation andafter fungal inoculation. It was found that all the three species of LAB are potential microorganism to inhibitfungal growth as indicated by the reduction of the dry weight of fungal mycelia compared with control.Quantification of Aflatoxin B2 showed that L. fermentum gave the strongest degradation of Aflatoxin B1 during 15days incubation, then followed by L. plantarum and L delbruekii with a reduction rate of 0,,2408 ppm, 0,3373 ppm,0,6393 ppm respectively, compared with control these are significantly different. These result conclude thatAflatoxin B2 can be degraded or prevented to be produced by A. flavus by applying LAB.

Pengaruh Komposisi Azolla pinnata Pada Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos Forsskal) di Balai Besar Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau (BBPBAP) Jepara Wicaksono, Andy; Muhammad, Fuad; Hidayat, Jafron Wasiq; Suryanto, Damang
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No 2, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Milkfish is one of the main commodities in the field of fishery and is known to be the most cultivated. One of the importantâ€™s factors to the success of milkfish cultivation is feed availability, both quality and quantity. Feed quality is an important aspect that must be fulfilled because of its relation to nutrients required for the fish growth. Azolla pinnata has a good potential that can be used as an additional ingredient for the fish growth because of its protein-rich content. This study is aimed to examine the effect of Azolla pinnata powder feed on growth of milkfish (length and body weight). This research was conducted in May â€“ July 2017 at Aquatic Animal Health Management Laboratory, Center of Brackish Water Aquaculture of Jepara. The research design used is a Complete Randomized Design (CRD), using five treatments with different concentrations of Azolla pinnata powder, i.e. 0% as control, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%. Each treatments consist of three repeatitions. The parameters observed were milkfish growth (length and body weight) and dissolved oxygen (DO). Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) method. If the data showing significant differences it will be continued with Least Significance Different (LSD) test. The results showed that the administration of Azolla pinnata powder on the feed significantly influenced the growth (lenght and body weight) of milkfish. The most optimal and efficient feed composition for milkfish growth is done by feeding 40% of Azolla pinnata powder. The overall dissolved oxygen (DO) is still in suitable condition for the cultivation of milkfish.Â Key Words :Â Azolla pinnata, dissolved oxygen, feed nutrition, milkfish

Struktur Komunitas Mikroartropoda Tanah Di Hutan Wisata Gonoharjo Kecamatan Limbangan Kabupaten Kendal Nugroho, Nindya Putra Wahyu; Rahadian, Rully; Hadi, Mochamad
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 15, No.1, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

The study on community structure of soil microarthropod in Gonoharjo Tourism Forest has been done. The objective of this research are to compare community structure of soil microartropod and to know the effect of abiotic environmental factors on abundance of soil microarthropod in Tourism Forest of Gonoharjo. This research was conducted using transect method in four sampling locations i.e., coffe vegetation, pine vegetation, mixed vegetation in hot spring water area, and mixed vegetation of riverside area. Soil sampling were used soil corer, and then the sample were extracted using barlese-tullgren. The finding shows 4 Sub Orders and 22 Families from 10 Orders. Acari was the most dominant group in each observed locations. The most diverse was found in mixed vegetation on hot spring water area, while the least one was found in coffe vegetation. Then, the highest evenness index was found in mixed vegetation on riverside area, while the lowest evenness was found in coffe vegetation. Moreover , the richest soil microarthropods found in mixed vegetation on hot spring water area and the lowest richness was found in mixed vegetation on riverside area. Statistically, abiotic environmental factors that have big impact on soil microarthropod abundance were soil organic matter, soil pH, and soil moisture.

Eksplorasi Mikroba Penghasil Enzim-enzim Hidrolitik Di Kawasan Taman Nasional Lore Lindu Sulawesi Tengah Rahmiati, Rahmiati; Pujianto, Sri; Kusdiyantini, Endang
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 18, No.1, Tahun 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Lore Lindu National Park (TNLL) is an area thatÂ flora, fauna and microbes, the diversity of microbes producing hydrolytic enzyme. explore the hydrolytic enzyme producing microbes in Indonesia. This study was aimed to obtain bacterial isolates were able to produce hydrolytic enzyme and characteristics. Isolation in the microbiology laboratory. IsolationÂ by a spread plate. Isolates in the selection hydrolytic enzyme producing selective media. Measurement of the activity of the enzyme with hydrolytic index. The results Â were thirteen isolates clearing zone test , 2 protease enzyme bacterial isolates, 1 lipase enzyme bacterial isolates, 6 amylase enzyme bacterial isolates, while 4Â cellulase enzyme bacterial isolates. Examination of Amylase enzyme activity was done using DNS method. L10T3 showed that the bacterial isolate optimum activity at pH 7 and at a temperature of 300C with an activity of 0.040 U / mL and 0.029 U / mL.Â Key word: Lore Lindu National Park, hydrolytic enzyme. isolation of bacteria

Isolasi Dan Uji Aktivitas Kitinase Isolat Bakteri Dari Kawasan Geotermal Dieng Nafisah, Hidayatun; Pujiyanto, Sri; Raharjo, Budi
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Chitinase (EC.3.2.2.14) is an enzyme which can degradatechitin became N-acetilglucosamin. Chitinase has many benefits made the demand of it increases. High demands spur its availability in large quantities, cheap, fast production, resistant to any physical factor and chemical environment. Rapid and resistant enzyme production to environment factor can be obtained using chitinolitic bacteria of Geothermal Dieng. The utilization of chitin as bacterial growth substrate from waste of shell crab can be done considering high prices of commercial chitin on the market. The purpose of the research is to get the isolate of termoleranchitinolitic of watery mud in Geothermal Dieng and to know the character of the chosen isolate producing highest chinitase activity type of chitin source treatment and pH of media production. The research is done by growing the chitinolitic in the room temperature for 14 days. The experimental design used in this study is a complete randomized design of factorial pattern (two factors). The first factor is the type of chitin source that includes commercial chitin and chitin crab kits. The second factor is the pH of liquid chitin media for the production of enzymes, ie pH 6, 7 and 8.Chitinase activity is tested by measuring the result of sugar reduction. Obtained data is analyzed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Result of isolation and selection is obtained one potential isolate, KSR 121. The isolate produce 1,4 cm of chitinolitic index after 96 hour incubation. Result of statistical test show both citin source type, pH of media production treatment and interaction were not significantly different (PËƒ0,05). KSR 121 isolate experience the highest growth of crab chitin treatment pH 8 (K2P3) with 6 hour incubation, whereas highest kinitase activity happen on crab chitin treatment pH 7 (K2P2) with 24 incubation, in amount of 0,125 (U/mL).Â Key words: N-acetil glucosamin, chtinase activity, chitinase, chitin, chitinolitic bacteria, isolation

Struktur Komunitas Mollusca Bentik Berbasis Kekeruhan Di Perairan Pelabuhan Tanjung Emas Semarang Hidayat, Jafron Wasiq; Baskoro, Karyadi -; Sopiany, Rini -
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 10, No. 2, Tahun 2008
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

The breakwater of Tanjung Emas Seaport is designed to absorb seawave as well as increase ships stability.Such water stability will trigger the light and small particles to deposite onto the bottom of the water body,eventhough these are easily re-suspended and initiate to create turbidity. Turbididty is one factor affecting Mollusccommunity. In facing the global climate changes, there will be a seriuos problem triggering the turbidity of theseawater and so do the organims. Researh were aimed to study the benthic Mollusc community in different turbiditylevels. Justified ramdom sampling was applied in 14 stations. Community structure of the molluscs were analizeddiscriptively as well as through Shannon-Wiener (Hâ€™) and evenness (e) indeces.Result showed that turbidity in PTES varies between 06,750 â€“ 45,250 NTU. Such qualities were relativelyhigh range and can be tolerated by several given species, mainly Gafrarium tumidum, Nuculana acuta and Pyrenesp. These three above species could live within such high turbidity levels, since some of material are part of theirdiets without disturbing their respiration fuction. The highest diversity index Hâ€™ was 1,68 and found in Station 5,which is in accordance with its highest turbididyt level 45,250 NTU. The smalest turbidity level occured in Station 8and it was related to smaller diversity index (0,24). There was a tendency, the smaller the turbidity levels the smallerthe diversity indices. Such relatonship was consistence to the other three stations, namely 9,10 and 11. Exceptionwas found in Station 1, where different dominant species occured and diversity index was relatively high. It isbelieved these are related to the presence of warm outlet of Indonesia Power sewage reaching 32,5 centdegree.

Pengaruh Suhu Pengeringan Terhadap Kadar Air, Kadar Flavonoid dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Daun dan Umbi Rumput Teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) Syafrida, Mulia; Darmanti, Sri; Izzati, Munifatul
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No. 1, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) is one of the medicinal plants that are potential to be developed as one source of antioxidants. This plant is quite interesting to developed because it is cheap and easy to obtain. The part ofÂ purple nutsedge that often used is the tuber, leaves have not been widely used, whereas it contains flavonoids that can be used as an antioxidant. Post harvest handling is very important, especially in drying method. Drying aims to get a simplicia that is not easily damaged so it can be stored for a long time. This research was aimed to study differences of water content, flavonoids and antioxidant activity in leaves and tubers to the effect of different drying temperatures. The experimental analysis of this research is a Completely Randomized Design of two factors: the influence of different drying temperature (control (Â± 27 ÂºC), 30 ÂºC, 40 ÂºC and Â 50 ÂºC) and different parts of organs (leaves and tubers) with each of the three time repetition. Parameters include the study ofÂ water content, levels of flavonoids and antioxidant activity. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncanâ€™s test at the level of 95%. The results showed that there was no interaction between drying temperature and organ difference in water content, flavonoids and antioxidant activity of purple nutsedge. Leaves of purple nutsdege have flavonoids and antioxidant activity is higher than the bulb. Water content, flavonoids and antioxidant activity decreases with increasing drying temperature.Keywords: purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.), drying temperature, Â flavonoids, antioxidant activity

Lumut Daun Epifit Di Zona Tropik Kawasan Gunung Ungaran, Jawa Tengah Mulyani, Eka; Perwati, Lilih Khotim; Murningsih, Murningsih
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 16, No.2, Tahun 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

The tropical zone of Mount Ungaran is a tropical forest which are rich in diversity of flora. One of them is Bryophytes. Most of the Bryophytes of tropical forest are epiphytes. The largest group of Bryophytes is mosses (Bryophyta). However, research about epiphytic mosses in this area are sparse, so it is only a few information given about epiphytic mosses in this area. The aim of this research was to identify epiphytic mosses in tropical zone of Mount Ungaran altitudes 750, 980, and 1.100 meters above sea level, and also to determine the frequency attendance of species in this study site. This research was conducted in April through November 2012. Specimens was carried out at Laboratory of Ecology and Biosistematics, Department Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia. The results shown there are 35 species mosses. Diversity of epiphytic moses most commonly found at altitude 1.100 meters above sea level, as many as 17 species, while at altitudes 750 and 980 meters above sea level was found 15 species. Family Hypnaceae is the family with highest number of species (6 species) and has highest total amount of frequency attendance by 16,13%. Hypnum plumaeforme and Luisierella barbula were the species which had wide distribution. Both of them were found at all three altitudes. Species with the highest total amount of frequency attendance is Hylocomium splendens from family Hylocomiaceae with total amount by 9,68%.Â Key words : epiphytic mosses, Mount Ungaran, tropical zone

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