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Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi

bioma
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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : - EISSN : 25982370 DOI : -

Core Subject : Education, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education

BIOMA (ISSN 1410-8801) adalah Majalah Ilmiah Biologi yang bertujuan mewadahi semua informasi hasil penelitian, telaah pustaka, makalah teknis, dan kajian buku, dari berbagai cabang ilmu Biologi. Diharapkan penerbitan ini dapat berkontribusi dalam penyampaian informasi ilmiah yang merupakan mata rantai proses kegiatan ilmiah. Terbit sejak tahun 1999.

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Articles 318 Documents

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Induksi Kalus dari Hipokotil Alfalfa (medicago sativa l.) secara in vitro dengan Penambahan Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) dan Î±-Naphtalene Acetic Acid (NAA) Hayati, Surya Kurnia; Nurchayati, Yulita -; Setiari, Nintya -
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 12, No. 1, Tahun 2010
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is useful plant for treatment some diseases such as: cancer, diabetes, lupus, andhepatitis. Propagation of this plant in Indonesia face a problem which has no embryo. One method to propagate thisplant is by tissue culture or micropropagation. Callus induction is first step in micropropagation to produce calluswhich will be regenerated to become planlet. The aims of this research are to induce callogenesis from hipocotyl ofalfalfa with addition Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) and Î± Naphtalene Acetic Acid (NAA), and to determine the propercombination of BAP and NAA to produce the optimal callus. The experiment has been conducted by using 12combination of BAP and NAA with Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in 4x3 factorial pattern by 5 replicates.Data were analyzed by ANOVA 95% Degrees of Freedom (DF). If there was significance result, it was followed byDMRT analyzed at 95 % DF. The result showed that combination of BAP and NAA was able to induce callogenesisfrom hipocotyl of alfalfa. The optimal callus was obtained in combination of BAP 0 ppm and NAA 2 ppm.

Identifikasi Kandungan Senyawa Kimia Cuka Kayu dari Sekam Padi Nugrahaini, Dian Laila; Kusdiyantini, Endang; Tarwotjo, Udi; Prianto, A. Heru
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 1, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Wood vinegar rice husk contains a chemical compound that can be used as a biopesticides. Wood vinegar contained compounds which estimated potential as repellent, antifeedant, antimicrobials, antioxidants, disinfectants and as preservatives. The content of chemical compounds in the wood vinegar must be identified. Identification were done by calculating the concentration of acid, phenol and an infrared spectrophotometer. Production of wood vinegar made by the pyrolysis process used pirolisator. Most of the wood vinegar obtained is evaporated using a rotary evaporator and partly extracted using the method of separating funnel. Compound of acid and phenol in wood vinegar evaporation were higher than the extraction of wood vinegar. These results were confirmed by an infrared spectrophotometer spectrum showed the functional groups of acid and phenolic compounds.Â Keywords: wood vinegar rice husk, acid, phenol, pyrolysis, infrared spetrofotometer

Populasi Lychas mucronatus (Scorpiones:Buthidae) di Kampus Undip Tembalang Semarang. Rohman, Arief Fatkhu; Hadi, Mochamad -; Tarwotjo, Udi -
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 12, No. 2, Tahun 2010
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Scorpion is an animal that has a high adaptability in various environmental conditions. Lychas mucronatus isone species of scorpion of the Buthidae family, which can be found on Campus Diponegoro University, SemarangTembalang. No data population and the spread of L. mucronatus on the campus of Diponegoro University, SemarangTembalang. This study aims to assess the population of L. mucronatus on the campus of Diponegoro University,Semarang Tembalang. This research was conducted in October-November 2009 in the region Undip TembalangHyderabad campus. Samples were taken by hand collecting techniques directly in the field accompanied by an imagecapture scorpion on its habitat. L. population data mucronatus were analyzed descriptively. The results showed L.mucronatus found on campus Undip Tembalang were 22 specimens consisting of 15 females, 2 males, 1 juvenile,and 4 specimens of unknown gender. L. mucronatus females in this study more likely in because of male mortalityduring mating season. L. mucronatus was found in grassland and shrub habitats, fields, and around the tree, L.mucronatus occupy four types of microhabitat characteristics, namely: leaf litter, rotten wood, in the soil, and understones. L. mucronatus most common in grassland and shrub habitats with sloping contour with microhabitat under arock. The presence of predators and competitors are likely to be a factor not found in L. mucronatus in severallocations on campus Undip Tembalang.

Utilization of Ficus benjamina by Birds at Urban Habitat in Depok Pradana, Dimas Haryo; Mardiastuti, Ani; Yasman, Y
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No. 1, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Most of the research about the relationship of birds and figs were conducted at natural habitat. We conducted a research about this relationship at urban habitat in Depok and specifically studied utilization of Ficus benjamina by birds as feeding and nesting tree.Â The objective of our research was to describe the F. benjamina utilization by urban birds in Depok.Â Scans sampling and nest counting were used during this study.Â Our research shows that F. benjamina was used as feeding tree by most of birds which lives at urban habitat in Depok.Â Our research also shows that some birds used this fig species as nesting tree.Â Â Â Key Words : birds, Ficus benjamina, urban, Java

Analisis Vegetasi Pada Habitat Gajah Sumatera Di Suaka Margasatwa Padang Sugihan Provinsi Sumatera Selatan Mahanani, Agnes Indra; Hendrarto, Ign Budi; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 15, No.1, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.15.1.1-5

Padang Sugihan Wildlife Reserve covering 86,932 hectares is the natural habitat of elephants in South Sumatra, both wild and managed elephants at Elephant Training Center, Sub Padang Sugihan. This area was used to be production forest. To support life of wild elephants, the vegetation quantity and diversity of vegetation types of feed must be known. This study aimed to analyze the vegetation feed elephants in Padang Sugihan Wildlife Reserve. The method used sampling plots with a size of 1m x 1m and 5m x 5m in five study sites. Data were analyzed using analysis of vegetation to get the importance value index. Species diversity was calculated using the Shannon Wienner Index formula. It was also calculated the value of uniformity of plant based on Simpson formula. The results of importance value index showed that location I was dominated by Echinochloa colonum (L.) Link (76.55%), location II Panicum astagninum R (132.48%), location IIIÂ Panicum repens L (107.14%), location IV Axonopus caompressus ( 79.48%), location of V Panicum repens L and Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (21.28%), location VI Melaleuca cajuputi (80.77%), and location VII Melaleuca cajuputi (84.08%). The value of the highest species diversity in the location of V at 2.53. The lowest value was in location II at 0.66. The highest uniformity index was 0.92. While the lowest value was 0.37 in the location II. Based on the above results it is necessary to enrich the vegetation species of elephant grass and natural food, especially at locations II and III. Â Keyword: Padang Sugihan Wildlife Reserve, vegetation analysis, Elephas maximus sumateranus Temminck Â

Pengaruh Perbedaan Aplikasi Pestisida pada Struktur Komunitas Mikroarthropoda Tanah dalam Skala Lapangan dan Laboratorium Niswah, Rofiatun; Rahadian, Rully; Tarwotjo, Udi
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 21, No 2, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

The choice of using pesticides with natural ingredients or synthetic chemicals is a differentiator between organic farming systems and inorganic farming systems. Pesticides are additives in agriculture to control pests or weeds. Abamectin is one of the active ingredients that can be found in pesticides. Ground microarthropods are members of the soil mesofauna, which are soil animals that have a body size ranging from 0.2-2 mm. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of differences in the application of pesticides on a field or laboratory scale on the structure of soil microarthropod communities. Soil samples were taken from three agricultural lands, namely Bandungan inorganic agricultural land, Kopeng inorganic agricultural land and Kopeng organic agricultural land. The study was conducted in August to December 2018 in the Ecology and Biosystematic Laboratory of the Department of Biology, FSM Undip. Found a total of 60 species species richness originating from 13 orders. The application of pesticides which include the concentration and frequency of pesticide spraying has a negative influence on the structure of soil microarthopod communities. Application of abamectin pesticides on a laboratory scale proves that the administration of abamectin pesticides that exceeds the recommended concentration will adversely affect the structure of the soil microathropod community. Based on statistical tests of soil microarthropod species diversity from the results of the application of pesticides on a field and laboratory scale is significantly different.

Populasi Penggerek Batang Padi pada Ekosistem Sawah Organik dan Sawah Anorganik Hadi, Mochamad; Soesilohadi, RC Hidayat; Wagiman, FX; Soehardjono, Yayuk Rahayuningsih
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 17, No.2, Tahun 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Rice stem borer (RSB ) is a major pest for rice in Central Java in the past ten years as well as previous years . The presence of RSB occurs during the rice growing season with a high intensity , especially in the rainy season . RSB which is the main type, yellow RSB Scirpophaga incertulas WalkerÂ and white S. innonata. Walker . Other types are pinkÂ Sesamia inferens Walker , striped Chilo suppressalis Walker, headed black C. polychrysus Meyrick , and shiny C. auricilius Dudgeon. Organic farming in Central Java is still not widely applied so it is still very less information available, including information on the fluctuations in species diversity and population abundance of RSB. In this study examined the types and abundance fluctuations keenekaragaman RSB populations in rice field ecosystem organic and inorganic. Research will be conducted for one year (3 times transplanting rice) paddy ecosystems in organic and inorganicÂ Bakalrejo Village, District Susukan, Semarang regency. The results showed that the dominant RSB is yellow S. incertulas. Yellow RSB found in every season paddy rice planting in both organic and inorganic rice. While the pink, shiny and white RSB, occasionally encountered. The RSB encountered seem to prefer the ecosystem tend rice paddy organic than inorganic . Keywords : rice stem borer ( RSB ) , organic rice ecosystem, inorganic rice ecosystem.

Pemuliaan Tanaman Nilam (Progestemon cablin) Lokal Melalui Perkembangbiakan Vegetatif Kusumaningrum, Hermin Pancasakti; Purbajanti, Endang Dwi; Setiadi, Agus
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 18, No.2, Tahun 2016
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Patchouli essential oil is an dominant product from Batang but its production has not been able to meet export needs. The main problem in the production of essential oil of patchouli is limited amount of seeds and dry season effect on the growth of patchouli. On the other hand, society units of patchouli essential oil is very dependent on the availability of raw materials Â of patchouli. Searching of patchouli local varieties must Â develop in order to Â encourages of sustainibility of patchouli production. The purpose of this activity is search and propagate patchouli plant from local varieties that can survive in different seasons of the year according to the climatic conditions of Batang. The study was conducted with the search and propagation of patchouli plant varieties used by farmers in Batang which is Sidikalang varieties and local varieties originating from Batang region and the surrounding area. Furthermore, the vegetative propagation using cuttings will be use followed by its growth observation during dry and rainy season. Results showed that the activities of patchouli plant local varieties of Bandungan, Kendal and Batang showed the best growth in the dry season.Â Key words: patchouli, vegetatif growth, essential oil.

Kandungan Chromium pada Perairan, Sedimen dan Kerang Darah (Anadara granosa) di Wilayah Pantai Sekitar Muara Sungai Sayung Desa Morosari Kabupaten Demak, Jawa Tengah Suprapti, Nanik Heru
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 10, No. 2, Tahun 2008
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kandungan Chromium pada perairan , sedimen dan Kerang darah(Anadara granosa) di sekitar muara sungai Sayung, Desa Morosari, Kabupaten Demak. Pengambilan sampelmenggunakan metoda acak sistematik. Analisa kandungan Chromium dilakukan berdasarkan kriteria kualitas air dariPedoman Penetapan Baku Mutu Lingkungan sesuai keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia dan IndekFaktor Konsentrasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kandungan Chromium pada perairan tidak terdeteksi.Sedangkan kandungan Chromium pada sedimen dan Kerang darah (Anadara granosa) ditemukan 0,1278-0,1617ppmberarti telah melebihi batas ambang yang ditentukan (0,0500 ppm). Sifat akumulatif Chromium pada Kerang darahdi daerah penelitian termasuk dalam kategori sifat akumulatif tinggi.

Keanekaragaman Dioscorea spp dan habitatnya di Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah Diversity and habitat of Dioscorea spp in Kudus, Central Java Fatma, Lania Yuchanitz; Jumari, J; Utami, Sri
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No. 1, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Dioscorea spp (Yam) is one of the potential local food producers. It has advantage of high species diversity, containing high carbonhydrate and easy to grow. The aim of this research is to determine the variants of Dioscorea spp, examine the structure and composition of trees around Dioscorea spp habitat and determine the enviromental factors of Dioscorea spp habitat. The research was carried out in May-June 2017. The sampling technique was using exploration and quadratic method by plotting the trees into 5 squares (10 m x 10 m) with diameter of stem more than 10 cm. The name of each species, number of individuals and stem diameter measurement of each plot were recorded. The data of diversity Dioscorea spp and environmental factors were analyzed by sort of descruptive set and the trees was analyzed by vegetation analysis. The results showed that 4 species of Dioscorea spp. There are D. hispida, D. bulbifera, D. alata and D. esculenta. D. alata has 3 variants called uwi ireng, uwi ungu and uwi bangkulit. D. esculenta has 2 variants called gembili bebek and gembili terpong. The trees around Dioscorea spp obtained 21 species with the most important index is banana (Musa paradisiaca) and sengon (Albizia chinensis). The environmental factors were indicated the appropiate growth of Dioscorea spp.Â Key words: Dioscorea spp, local food stuffs and variant types

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