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INDONESIA
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25982370     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education
BIOMA (ISSN 1410-8801) adalah Majalah Ilmiah Biologi yang bertujuan mewadahi semua informasi hasil penelitian, telaah pustaka, makalah teknis, dan kajian buku, dari berbagai cabang ilmu Biologi. Diharapkan penerbitan ini dapat berkontribusi dalam penyampaian informasi ilmiah yang merupakan mata rantai proses kegiatan ilmiah. Terbit sejak tahun 1999.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 318 Documents
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Sustainable agriculture strategy: analysis of macroarthropods diversity in cabbage farming systems Nasik, Isman; Tarwotjo, Udi; Hadi, Mochamad; Mubarok, Rizal Husni
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Volume 27 Issue 2 Year 2025
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.2025.69591

Abstract

Cabbage is a widely consumed vegetable in Indonesia, but the role of soil macroarthropods in cabbage cultivation is often overlooked by farmers. This study aimed to analyze the structure of soil macroarthropod communities and the abiotic factors influencing them in monoculture and polyculture cabbage fields. The research was conducted in Batur Village, Getasan, Central Java, on three types of land: cabbage monoculture, cabbage polyculture, and forest as a control. Samples were collected using the pitfall trap method and identified at the Ecology and Biosystematics Laboratory. The highest diversity index was found in polyculture fields (H′ = 1.02), followed by monoculture (H′ = 0.85) and forest (H′ = 0.19). The evenness index was also highest in polyculture fields (E = 0.69). The Formicidae family dominated all three land types, with a community similarity index of 44% between monoculture and polyculture fields. Statistical tests showed significant differences between the forest and agricultural lands (p < 0.05), but no significant difference between monoculture and polyculture systems (p > 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that soil moisture had a strong positive correlation with diversity and evenness, while temperature showed a negative correlation with those indices. These findings indicate that although polyculture tends to support higher diversity, the difference was not statistically significant. This information is expected to encourage more adaptive and sustainable farming practices while maintaining biodiversity in agricultural lands.
Inventory of butterfly species in Kali Pethuk, Rahtawu Village, Gebog District, Kudus Regency Martitik, Dwiyani Anjar; Regita, Puteri; Uzla, Early Deswita; Yulianto, Nur
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Volume 27 Issue 2 Year 2025
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.2025.76747

Abstract

Indonesia is recognized for its exceptionally high biodiversity, including diverse insect groups such as butterflies, which act as pollinators and bioindicators of ecosystem health due to their sensitivity to habitat changes. This study aimed to inventory butterfly species in the Kali Pethuk area, Kudus Regency, Central Java, using a field observation method with an exploratory survey approach. Observations were conducted directly along the riverbanks and surrounding vegetation in May, with each session lasting 2–4 hours, employing random sampling. Eight butterfly species from four families: Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Nymphalidae, and Papilionidae were recorded. The diversity index (H') was 1.65, classified as moderate, indicating a reasonably varied butterfly community, while Eurema sp. was the most dominant species and the evenness index (E = 0.86) suggested a fairly balanced distribution among species. Data collected included the number of individuals, species richness, and abundance. These findings provide valuable baseline information for understanding local biodiversity, supporting environmental monitoring and conservation planning in riparian ecosystems, and offering a reference for future ecological studies aimed at assessing long-term changes in species composition due to anthropogenic or climatic influences.
Effectiveness test of red shoot leaf extract (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.) as a natural antiperspirant in inhibiting sweat production and the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria that cause body odor Arnita, Lisna; Rasyidah, Rasyidah; Mayasari, Ulfayani
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Volume 28 Issue 1 Year 2026 (Issue in Progress)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.2026.75401

Abstract

Body odor is a problem caused by the activity of microorganisms, one of which is the Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria by metabolizing sweat released by the body. The use of antiperspirant products is thought to reduce sweat production and bacterial decay . However, antiperspirants available in the market contain active chemicals that can cause irritation so it is necessary to use plant extracts as an alternative preparation of natural antiperspirant products. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of natural antiperspirant extracts of red shoot leaves (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.) in inhibiting the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria that cause body odor. The method used is descriptive quantitative with parameters of simplicia and extract yield tests, extract characteristics, phytochemical screening, antibacterial effectiveness of extracts, physical quality tests of antiperspirants, antiperspirant effectiveness and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results of the study showed that the red shoot leaf extract meets the general standards of medicinal plant extracts and contains secondary metabolite compounds that are able to inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria with the formulated product producing suitable characteristics as an antiperspirant that is able to inhibit sweat production and the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria which is supported visually by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Based on the results obtained, it is known that the natural antiperspirant red shoot leaf extract (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.) has antibacterial effectiveness against Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Thus, the use of natural ingredients can be a solution to overcome the causes of body odor and reduce the use of conventional antiperspirant products that contain chemicals that are harmful to health.
Enhanced expression of L-asparaginase II by fusion of pSSPM3 synthetic promoter into pET-28a+ expression vector for alternative targeted therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia Aliya, Lisana Shiddiqin; Julizar, Julizar; Rasyid, Roslaili; Pertiwi, Dian; Syukriani, Lily; Nursyafi, Fauzan Syarif; Saibi, Ihsan R. A.; Hasibuan, Imron Martua; Febiona, Keysha Putri; Jamsari, Jamsari
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Volume 27 Issue 2 Year 2025
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.2025.72304

Abstract

The use of commercial L-asparaginase II from E. coli and Erwinia chrysanthemi for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) therapy causes adverse effects (allergic reactions, neurotoxicity), necessitating safer alternatives. Serratia plymuthica UBCF_13, harboring the ansB gene, offers a promising source. This study constructed the recombinant plasmid pET-28a+:pSSPM3:ansB to enhance L-asparaginase II expression in E. coli using the synthetic promoter pSSPM3. Molecular verification confirmed successful steps: promoter fusion (674 bp band), ansB digestion (1,057 bp), gene insertion (1,682 bp), and BL21 transformation. Critically, enzyme activity assays revealed that pSSPM3 did not enhance expression in BL21 (0.519 U/mL), showing significantly lower activity (p<0.05) than native controls (0.621 U/mL) and DH10B transformants (0.636 U/mL). While the functional plasmid establishes a platform for novel enzyme production, the unexpected activity reduction in BL21 and higher yield in DH10B highlight host-promoter compatibility challenges. Further optimization of expression systems, purification protocols, and preclinical validation (cytotoxicity, allergenicity) are essential to advance this recombinant enzyme toward therapeutic and scalable industrial applications for ALL in resource-limited settings.
Effectiveness of a nasal spray containing essential oil from Citrus microcarpa Bunge on the SEM profile of Aspergillus fumigatus mycelium Ananda, Revian; Mayasari, Ulfayani; Nasution, Rizki amelia
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Volume 28 Issue 1 Year 2026 (Issue in Progress)
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.2026.78255

Abstract

Deteriorating air quality during seasonal transitions contributes to the increased growth of pathogenic microorganisms, including Aspergillus fumigatus, which may lead to adverse health impacts. Synthetic antifungal agents may induce resistance and undesirable side effects, thereby promoting interest in safer natural alternatives. This study aimed to evaluate the antifungal effectiveness of a nasal spray formulated with kasturi orange (Citrus microcarpa) peel essential oil against A. fumigatus. The essential oil was extracted through steam distillation and tested at five concentrations to identify the most effective range, after which three concentrations exhibiting the strongest antifungal activity were formulated into a nasal spray. Antifungal effectiveness was assessed using the disc diffusion method, morphological alterations of fungal hyphae were observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and statistical analysis was performed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the nasal spray demonstrated significant antifungal activity (p < 0.05), with inhibition zone diameters of 12.8 mm, 16.1 mm, and 20.5 mm at essential oil concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%, respectively. Although the highest concentration produced the largest inhibition zone, excessively high essential oil levels do not necessarily improve antifungal performance and may trigger adaptive responses approaching resistance. SEM observations confirmed notable cellular damage, including hyphal lysis, cell wall thinning, and structural shrinkage following exposure to the nasal spray formulation. In conclusion, kasturi orange peel essential oil is effective when formulated as a nasal spray to inhibit A. fumigatus, with 20% identified as the most suitable concentration for further product development.
Identification of moth and butterfly diversity (Lepidoptera) in the Universitas Tidar area Ihwani, Afidatul; Prajoko, Setiyo; Permadani, Karunia Galih
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Volume 27 Issue 2 Year 2025
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.2025.76030

Abstract

Lepidoptera (butterflies and moths) diversity is a crucial indicator of an ecosystem’s environmental condition. However, the development of residential areas and the conversion of green land to other uses have led to declines in population and the diversity of these species. One potential area for research is the Universitas Tidar area, as there has been little research on Lepidoptera in this region. This study aims to determine the composition of Lepidoptera species, analyse diversity, uniformity, and dominance indices, and examine abiotic factors that support Lepidoptera diversity in the area. This study employed the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method, combined with Time Search observation plots, and analysed the data using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Evenness uniformity, and Simpson’s dominance. Based on the study’s results, 28 species comprising 186 individuals were identified across two suborders: Rhopalocera, including Nymphalidae, Pieridae, Papilionidae, Lycaenidae, and Hesperiidae, and Heterocera, including Erebidae, Crambidae, and Zygaenidae. The diversity index value (H’) of Tuguran Campus is 2.27. Sidotopo has a uniformity index value (E) of 2.67 (medium), while the uniformity index value (E) at Tuguran Campus is 0.84. Sidotopo has a uniformity index value (E) of 0.86 (high), indicating that both locations have a balanced community. The domination index value (C) of Tuguran Campus is 0.16, and Sidotopo has a domination index value (C) of 0.09 (low). Abiotic factors that affect the presence and diversity of Lepidoptera in a habitat include light intensity, humidity, temperature, and wind speed.
Anatomical characterization of Portulaca grandiflora Hook: Root, stem, leaf, and pollen structures Rahayu, Tri; Ermayanti, Ermayanti
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Volume 27 Issue 2 Year 2025
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.2025.75190

Abstract

Portulaca grandiflora Hook. is a succulent plant commonly used as an ornamental as well as a medicinal plant. This species is capable of growing well under suboptimal climatic conditions and in poor soil compositions. This study aims to identify the tissue composition of various organs of P. grandiflora Hook., which can be utilized in the processes of identification, classification, and understanding its ecological adaptability. Anatomical observations were carried out using the free-hand section method to examine cross-sectional anatomy of roots, stems, and the epidermal tissue of leaves on both the adaxial and abaxial surfaces. Additionally, the acetolysis method was employed to observe the pollen structure. The results showed that the root cross-section consists of epidermal tissue, cortex, endodermis, pericycle, xylem, and phloem. The stem cross-section includes epidermal tissue, cortex with starch-containing parenchyma cells, pith, and vascular bundles of the open collateral type. The leaf epidermis, both on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces, consists of polyhedral epidermal cells with undulating cell walls. The type of stomata observed was parasitic, with an amphistomatic distribution. Pollen observation revealed that the pollen grains are spherical, have echinate ornamentation, and possess a monoporate aperture.
Antibacterial Activity Test of Patchouli Leaf Essential Oil Facemist (Pogostemon cablin Benth) Against Cutibacterium acnes Bacteria Rahayu, Sri; Mayasari, Ulfayani; Selvia, Irda Nila
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Volume 27 Issue 2 Year 2025
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.2025.75402

Abstract

Cutibacterium acnes bacteria are gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that play a role in the pathogenesis of Acne vulgaris (acne). The use of facemist containing natural active ingredients of patchouli leaf essential oil (Pogostemon cablin Benth) can be an alternative in inhibiting the growth of acne-causing bacteria. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of patchouli leaf essential oil facemist (Pogostemon cablin Benth) against Cutibacterium acnes bacteria. The method used in making essential oils by steam distillation, chemical compound analysis using Gas Chromatography-Mass Pectrometry (GC-MS) and antibacterial activity testing using the disc diffusion method then formulated into a facemist product and characterized. The results of the study showed that patchouli leaf essential oil had met the standard requirements and contained several of the highest chemical compound components, namely Patchouli alcohol (15.71% and 10.16%), Delta-Guaiene (CAS) (7.14%), Azulene, 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-Octahydro-1 (6.48%), 2-Butynyl-5-Hydroxy-3-Oxo-4-Hexanoic Acid Delta-Lactone (5.89%) and 1,1,4,7-Tetramethyldecahydro-1H-Cyclopropa[E] Azulene-4-Ol (5.17%) and the presence of antibacterial activity against Cutibacterium acnes bacteria with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% with inhibition zone diameters of 11.18 mm, 17.66 mm, 22.36 mm, 23.10 mm and 24.76 mm and the diameter of the antibacterial facemist inhibition zone with concentrations of 20% and 30% obtained results of 20.93 mm and 23.76 mm, then the facemist preparation showed characterization that was in accordance with the product's standard requirements. Based on the test results, it is known that the antibacterial face mist made from patchouli leaf essential oil has the ability to inhibit Cutibacterium acnes bacteria.

Page 32 of 32 | Total Record : 318

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