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Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi

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Published by Universitas Diponegoro

ISSN : - EISSN : 25982370 DOI : -

Core Subject : Education, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Education

BIOMA (ISSN 1410-8801) adalah Majalah Ilmiah Biologi yang bertujuan mewadahi semua informasi hasil penelitian, telaah pustaka, makalah teknis, dan kajian buku, dari berbagai cabang ilmu Biologi. Diharapkan penerbitan ini dapat berkontribusi dalam penyampaian informasi ilmiah yang merupakan mata rantai proses kegiatan ilmiah. Terbit sejak tahun 1999.

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Articles 318 Documents

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Komposisi, Kemelimpahan dan Keanekaragaman Fitoplankton Danau Rawa Pening Kabupaten Semarang Samudra, Sesilia Rani; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih; Izzati, Munifatul
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 15, No.1, Tahun 2013
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Rawa Pening is a semi natural lake which is utilized for hydro-electric power plant,Â caged fish culture, irrigation, and tourism. It belongs to one of the fifteen lakes which receives national priority to be saved and preserved because of its very poor condition as a result of eutrophication, sedimentation and degraded water quality. Eutrophication ofÂ RawaÂ Pening comes from the Water Catchment Area,Â originating from farms, animal husbandry, domestic and industrial waste around the lake, and also from the water body itself, that is from caged fish culture. The fertility criteria of the lake water can be determined on the basis of the abundance and variety of phytoplankton and the total phosphorus content. The aim of this research is to find out the water fertility criteria of Lake Rawa Pening based on the abundance and variety ofÂ phytoplankton, and the phosphorus content. Research began in July 2012 on three stations. Station I is an area with fishcage culture;Â Station II is an area without fishcage culture, and Station III is the river inlet or water catchment area. Each station consisted of three different sampling areas. The phytoplankton abundance at the station withoutÂ fishcage culture is higherÂ (19012 ind/l) than at the fishcage culture station (14356 ind/l)Â as well as at the inlet station (11058 ind/l), but the diversity index at the no fishcage station is lowest (1.80)Â compared to the fishcage culture station (2.32)Â and the inlet station (2.05). The fertility criteria of Rawa Pening based on the phytoplankton abundance and P-totalÂ ofÂ its water is eutrophicÂ goingÂ towardsÂ hypereutrophic. Â Keywords : Lake Rawa Pening, Phosphorus, Water Quality, Euthropication

Struktur Histologi Hepar Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan setelah Pemberian Teh Kombucha Konsentrasi 75% dengan Waktu Fermentasi yang Berbeda Isdadiyanto, Sri; Tana, Silvana
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 21, No 2, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

This research was conducted to study and analyze the influence of kombucha fermentation 6 (P1), 9 (P2) and 12 (P3) days fermentation with 75% concentration on hepatic tissue structure and hepatocyte diameter. This study used 16 male Wistar rats consisted of 4 treatments and 4 repeat. The treatment of this study consisted of P0: control treatment; P1, P2 and P3 were treatment of kombucha fermented tea 6, 9 and 12 days of 75% concentration respectively. This research used Completely Randomized Design (RAL). The variables measured in this study were hepatocyte diameter, body weight, feed and drink consumption in animal test. The data obtained were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 95% confidence level. The result of data analysis showed that kombucha fermentation 6, 9 and 12 days of 75% concentration had no significant difference to all variables. Histology of the liver were not indicate the presence of tissue-damaged features such as chronic inflammation (cirrhosis). It could be concluded that tea kombucha was safe for consumption by mammalia because it was not affect liver damage.

Ratio Kadar Ldl/Hdl Tikus Putih Sprague Dawley Hiperlipidemia Setelah Diberi Cangkang Udang Laut (Penaeus monodon F.) Isdadiyanto, Sri
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 17, No.2, Tahun 2015
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

The objective of this study was to analyze the ratio of LDL/HDL level of Sprague Dawley rats induced by high fat ration after given of sea shrimp carapace (Penaeus monodon F.). The animals for this study were twenty adult male rats divided into four groups, i.e. group I as the control was fed with basal ration containing normal fat for 3 months, group II was fed ration containing high fat for 3 months, group III was fed ration containing high fat and given sea shrimp carapace 180 mg per kg body weight per day orally in 2 ml aquadest for 3 months, group IV was fed ration containing high fat for 3 months and after 1 month given sea shrimp carapace 180 mg per kg body weight per day orally in 2 ml aquadest for 2 months. Each group consisted of five animals. After 90 days, the rats were necropsied and the blood were collected to analyzes ratio of LDL/HDL level. LDL level and HDL level were measured using colorimetric enzymatic method and Roche/Hitachi cobas c systems automatically calculate. Â The difference between treatments was statistical analysis by Anava, and continued by Lowest Significant Difference Test to locate the difference. The result showed that high fat diet increased ratio of LDL/HDL level and Sea shrimp carapace decreased ratio of LDL/HDL level. Â Keywords: Sea shrimp carapace, Sprague Dawley rats, ratio of LDL/HDL level

Efek Pemberian Virgin Coconut Oil Dan Olive Oil Dalam Pakan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Tulang Femur Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Suhartatik, S; Yuniwarti, Enny Yusuf Wachidah; Djaelani, Muhammad Anwar
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 19, No. 2, Tahun 2017
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

This research aimed to annalyse the effects of virgin coconut oil and olive oil on the length, diameter and weight of the femur bone in white male rat (Rattus norvegicus). This research used 25 white male rats and consists of 5 treatments with 5 replications. This research used the treatment P0: as a control, P1: feed with an addition of 5 ml virgin coconut oil / kg feed, P2: feed with an addition of 10 ml virgin coconut oil / kg of feed, P3: feed with an addition of 5 ml olive oil / kg feed and P4: feed withÂ an addition of 10 ml olive oil / kg feed. This research used a method called Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The variables measured in this research are the weight, length and diameter of white male rats. The data was analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 95% level. The results showed that the growth of femur bone in male rat does not have different response after giving virgin coconut oil and olive oil.Â Â

Kejernihan dan Salinitas Perairan Tambak setelah Penambahan Rumput Laut Sargassum plagyophyllum dan Ekstraknya Izzati, Munifatul -
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 10, No. 2, Tahun 2008
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Penambahan rumput laut kedalam ekosistem perairan tambak dimaksudkan untuk menciptakan teknikbudidaya udang yang berkelanjutan. Keberadaan rumput laut diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kualitas perairantambak, sementara penambahan ekstrak dimaksudkan untuk menurunkan populasi bakteri patogen. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh penambahan rumput laut dan ekstraknya terhadap kejernihan dan salinitasperairan tambak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan rumput laut Sargassum plagyophyllum kedalamperairan tambak dapat meningkatkan kejernihan hingga 20% lebih tinggi dari kontrol. Salinitas perairan tambaktidak dipengaruhi oleh penambahan Sargassum. Sementara itu, penambahan ekstrak Sargassum tidak berpengaruhterhadap kejernihan maupun salinitas air tambak.

Keanekaragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Paku (Pteridophyta) di Jalur Pendakian Selo Kawasan Taman Nasional Gunung Merbabu, Jawa Tengah Astuti, Fitri Kusuma; Murningsih, M; Jumari, J
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 20, No. 1, Tahun 2018
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Indonesia has a very high biodiversity, as well as ferns (Pteridophyta).Selo climbing lane at Merbabu Montain Nasional Park selected as the study site because of the many ferns that were founded in this area.The purpose of this study was to analyze the diversity of ferns species.in tropical rain forest ecosystem of high mountains and sub-alpine forests ecosystem on Selo climbing lane at Merbabu Mount National Park. There are many human activity in Selo climbing lanesupposed to influence the existing plants. This research was held on August-December 2016. The method usedinventory inSelo climbing lane and Plot, then analyzed using diversity index. The results found 33 species of ferns from 15 families. The diversity of ferns in the tropical rain forest ecosystem of high mountains fall into the medium category except at post II (2412 masl) has low diversity. Diversity in the sub-alpine forest ecosystem can not be calculated.Â Key word: diversity, fern, Selo climbing lane.

Kloning Gen pcbC dari Penicillium chrysogenum ke dalam Plasmid pPICZA untuk Pengembangan Produksi Penisilin G Wiharyani, Risma; Hardianto, Dudi; Kusumaningrum, Hermin Pancasakti; Budiharjo, Anto
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 16, No.1, Tahun 2014
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Availability of drugs in Indonesia is still limited by the high prices of drugs due to on the imported raw materials that reaches 95%. Developing antibiotic raw materials can be achieved by increasing of penicillin G production, which is the raw material for the formation of semisynthetic penicillin derivatives through the production of 6-aminopenisillanic acid (6-APA). One of the important enzyme in the penicillin G biosynthesis is Isopenisilin N Synthase (IPNS) that encodes by pcbC gene on Penicillium chrysogenum. This study aimed to obtain a recombinant of pcbC gene fragments that is inserted into pPICZA plasmid. Amplification of pcbC gene used pcbC-F and pcbC-R primers. The pcbC gene fragment was inserted into pPICZA vector and then transformed into TOP 10 Fâ€™. The results showed that the recombinant of the pcbC gene fragment from P. chrysogenum has been obtained. Analysis of DNA sequences using the BLAST program showed that the pcbC gene fragment has high homology (99%) with the Â pcbC gene from P. chrysogenum Wisconsin 54-1255 and P. chrysogenum AS-P-78 which encodes IPNS Â Keywords: pcbC Gene, Penicillium chrysogenum, cloning, penicillin G

Aktivitas Inhibitor Î±-Amilase Ekstrak Etanol Tanaman Brotowali (Tinospora crispa L.) Pujiyanto, Sri; Wijanarka, W; Raharjo, Budi; Anggraeni, Via
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 21, No 2, Tahun 2019
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Brotowali plant (Tinospora crispa L.) is a traditional Indonesian medicinal plant which has many benefits including for diabetes drugs. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic abnormality caused by an increase in blood sugar levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of Î±-amylase inhibitors of Brotowali (T. crispa L.) ethanol extract of plants. Extraction is done by maceration followed by evaporation. The extract obtained was tested for Î±-amylase inhibitor activity. The Î±-amylase inhibition test is based on the breakdown of starch substrates into maltose and glucose which is then determined by spectrophotometer after administration of DNS. Tests are carried out on controls and samples. As a substrate is 0.5% starch solution in 100 ml of sterile aquades. The reaction mixture was incubated 25 Â° C for 10 minutes. The reaction is stopped by adding 2 ml of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS). All the mixed solutions are then heated to 100 Â° C for 5 minutes and allowed to cool. The change in color of the solution is then measured for its absorbance at a wavelength of 540 nm. As a comparison used a control test that did not use extract samples. The results of Î±-amylase inhibitor activity test showed that ethanol extract with a concentration of 1000 Î¼g / mL had the highest inhibitory activity value of 95.06% compared to extract concentration of 500 Î¼g / mL, 250 Î¼g / mL, 125 Î¼g / mL and 62.5 Î¼g / mL. The results of testing the effect of substrate concentration showed that 0.5% starch concentration had the highest inhibitory value of 9.52% compared to 2%, 1% and 0.25% concentrations

Komunitas Diatom Epilitik pada Aliran Air Sekitar Sumber Air Panas dan Sumber Gas Belerang Kawasan Gedongsongo, Kabupaten Semarang Putra, Dhony F; Soeprobowati, Tri Retnaningsih; Wiryani, Erry
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 14, No.1, Tahun 2012
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Temperatur dan gas belerang di aliran air sekitar sumber air panas dan gas belerang kawasan Gedongsongo Kabupaten Semarang, diduga mempengaruhi struktur komunitas diatom epilitik. Proses keluarnya gas belerang adalah melalui celah celah bebatuan sehingga belerang akan menempel pada bebatuan yang merupakan substrat dari diatom epilitik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji struktur komunitas diatom epilitik pada aliran air disekitar sumber belerang kawasan Gedongsongo. Pengambilan sample dilakukan dengan metoda â€œ Stratified Random Sampling â€œ berdasarkan temperatur, ditentukan empat titik sampling. Faktor fisik kimia diukur secara insitu kecuali analisis kandungan sulfat terlarut dalam air . Berdasarkan indeks keanekaragaman diatom epilitik maka stabilitas komunitas diatom pada aliran air sekitar air panas dan sumber gas belerang adalah sedang, indeks dominansi kecil dan indeks perataan hampir merata. Â Kata Kunci : Struktur Komunitas, diatom epilitik, air panas dan belerang.

Induksi Kalus Binahong (Basella rubra L.) Secara In Vitro Pada Media Murashige & Skoog Dengan Konsentrasi Sukrosa Yang Berbeda Sitorus, Ertina Novaria; Hastuti, Endah Dwi; Setiari, Nintya -
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 13, No. 1, Tahun 2011
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Binahong (Basella rubra L.) is a plant medicine consisting secondary metabolites which have virtue asmedicines for several diseases that could also be used as coloring agent. The medicine compounds in secondarymetabolites could be extracted from callus. Sucrose is one of the components that build MS (Murashige & Skoog)medium. Sucrose is important in in vitro culture, it functions as carbon and energy source for explant to grow. Thepurposes of this research are to study the effect of sucrose in MS medium towards B. rubra L callus formation andgrowth; to find the optimum sucrose concentration for callus B. rubra L formation; and also to find the fastestinitiation time to produce callus crumb. This research uses Complete Random Design (CRD) single factor method,i.e., sucrose concentration of 0 g/l, 10g/l, 20 g/l, 30 g/l, 40 g/l with five repetitions. The data is analysed withAnalysis of Varian (Anova) and if a real difference is found the analysis is continued with Duncan Multiple RangeTest (DMRT) with significancy level of 95%. The results show that various sucrose concentrations in MS mediuminfluences callus B. rubra L induction. The highest sucrose concentration, i.e. 40 g/l, which was added into MSmedium, could induce the maximum callus wet-weight of 1,69 g and the fastest callus initiation time of 4,8 day.

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