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JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 14108917     EISSN : 25979914     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Engineering
urnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi (p-ISSN: 1410-8917) and e-ISSN: 2597-9914) is published by Department of Chemistry, Diponegoro University. This journal is published four times per year and publishes research, review and short communication in field of Chemistry.
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Articles 789 Documents
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Fragrance Formation in the of Cocoa Roasted Process (Theobroma cacao) with Roaster Temperature Variation using a Vacuum Drying Oven Monang Sihombing; Dhanang Puspita; Mayer Tinting Sirenden
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 21, No 3 (2018): Volume 21 Issue 3 Year 2018
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2597.765 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.21.3.155-160

Abstract

Chocolate is cacao nib processed product which is favorite commodity in the world, nevertheless, many of consumer have not known about the process. Notable stage in cacao processing is roaster process. Cacao roasting process currently uses conventional methods, which have weaknesses like energy wastage and bioactive compounds damage. Vacuum drying oven is new roasting method which uses low pressure and temperature. Through this research, the difference of aroma development between roasting process on conventional and vacuum drying oven method was investigated. Roasted cacao was extracted by water distillation, then distillate was separated by diethyl ether partition. The extract was characterized with GC-MS. The Characterization result shown that temperature 70°C contained 11 volatile compounds and temperature 80°C, 90°C and 140°C contained 7 volatile compounds. The higher roasting temperature, the more diverse of volatile compound. The best result in cacao roasting was on vacuum drying oven at 90°C, which has similar aroma with 140°C as control sample.
Encapsulation of Alkaline Phosphatase in Mesoporous Methyl-Silica Hybrid by Sol-Gel Process Sriyanti Sriyanti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 20, No 3 (2017): Volume 20 Issue 3 Year 2017
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (396.887 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.20.3.110-113

Abstract

In recent years, the sol-gel technique has attracted increasing interest as a unique approach to immobilize biomolecules for bioanalitical applications as well as biochemical and biophysical studies. In this research, encapsulation of Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) enzyme in mesoporous methyl-silica hybrid by sol-gel process has been carried out. Mesoporous methyl-silica hybrid has been synthesis by using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and methyltriethoxysilane (MTES) as precursor and poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) as a polymer dopant. The preparation of methyl-silica hybrid was carried out at various mol ratios of precursors and PEG concentration. Encapsulation was emphasized by mixing sol solution and tris-HCl buffer containing ALP. The Surface Area Analyzer analysis data showed that the pore diameter and surface area of methyl-silica hybrid tended to increase as the PEG dopant concentration increases. Result showed that ALP encapsulated in the methyl-silica hybrids with PEG dopant gave enzymatic activity as 0.112 U/mg enzyme, higher than ALP encapsulated in copolymerization of TEOS with MTES or in silica from TEOS precursor only (0.098 U/mg enzyme and 0.069 U/mg enzyme, respectively). It was shown that copolymerization of TEOS with organosilane precursor and the entrapment of polymer additives into sol-gel processed materials are useful methods for modifying the internal environment and hence the activity of biomolecules entrapped in sol-gel derived biomaterials.
Isolasi, Identifikasi dan Uji Aktivitas Senyawa Triterpenoid Rimpang Bengle (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.) sebagai Antibakteri Afrezza Lukman Rosyid; Enny Fachriyah; Dewi Kusrini
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 19, No 1 (2016): Volume 19 Issue 1 Year 2016
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (427.867 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.19.1.1-6

Abstract

Penelitian mengenai isolasi, identifikasi dan uji aktivitas senyawa triterpenoid rimpang bengle (Zingiber cassumunar Roxb) sebagai antibakteri telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan senyawa golongan triterpenoid dari rimpang bengle serta mengetahui aktivitasnya terhadap bakteri E.coli dan S.aureus. Tahapan penelitian ini meliputi ekstraksi menggunakan etanol 96% dan kemudian dipartisi dengan n-heksana. Ekstrak n-heksana yang telah dipekatkan kemudian dilakukan kromatografi kolom. Identifikasi fraksi kolom yang positif mengandung triterpenoid dilakukan dengan menggunakan pereaksi Liebermann-Burchard. Fraksi positif triterpenoid selanjutnya dipisahkan melalui metode kromatografi preparatif. Isolat yang didapat selanjutnya diuji kemurnian menggunakan metode KLT berbagai eluen dan KLT dua dimensi. Isolat juga dianalisis menggunakan FT-IR dan KG-SM. Hasil analisis FT-IR menunjukkan isolat memiliki vibrasi pada bilangan gelombang 2924 cm-1 yang merupakan vibrasi ulur C-H asimetri, 2862 cm-1 vibrasi ulur C-H simetri, 1720 cm-1 vibrasi ulur C=O, 1465 cm-1 vibrasi tekuk C-H dari CH2, 1395 cm-1 adalah vibrasi gugus gem-dimetil. Hasil analisis KG-SM menunjukkan isolat memiliki waktu retensi 24,5 menit, bobot molekul 426, dengan puncak dasar m/z 69. Berdasarkan database isolat merupakan senyawa friedelen-3-o.
Evaluasi Model Langmuir-Hinshelwood untuk Kinetika Adsorpsi Besi(III) pada 2-Merkaptobenzotiazol-Zeolit Alam Sriyanti Sriyanti; Taslimah Taslimah
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 7, No 2 (2004): Volume 7 Issue 2 Year 2004
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (324.157 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.7.2.39-45

Abstract

Telah dibuat adsorben dengan mengimpregnasikan 2-merkaptobenzotiazol pada padatan pendukung zeolit alam yang sebelumnya telah dilapisi polistirena. Adsorben yang dihasilkan selanjutnya digunakan untuk mengadsorpsi besi (III) dalam medium air. Sebelum impregnasi zeolit diberi perlakuan fisikokimia, meliputi pemanasan 80 0C dalam campuran KMnO4 dengan H2SO4; KMnO4 dengan HCl dan KMnO4 dengan H2SO4, dilanjutkan dengan HCl. Kajian kinetika dilakukan dengan variasi waktu kontak terhadap banyaknya besi (III) yang teradsorpsi menggunakan metode batch. Model kinetika Langmuir-Hinshelwood digunakan untuk mengesti-masi besarnya konstanta laju, dan perubahan energi bebas adsorpsi. Sebagai evaluasi digunakan model kinetika adsorpsi melalui dua proses, cepat dan lambat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan awal KMnO4-H2SO4-HCl pada zeolit alam dapat dinyatakan sebagai cara paling efektif untuk menurunkan aluminium (dealu-minasi). Data adsorpsi ion besi (III) pada adsorben yang dibuat dari zeolit alam dengan perlakuan awal tersebut menunjukkan besi (III) teradsorpsi paling lambat baik dengan model Langmuir-Hinshelwood (k1=0,39x10-2 menit-1) maupun model adsorpsi dua proses (laju cepat (kc)= 3,66x10-2 menit-1, laju lambat (kl)= 0,106 menit-1). Dari data energi bebas, besi(III) teradsorpsi secara fisik.
Efek Temperatur, Tekanan dan Waktu Reaksi pada Hidrogenasi Asam Heksadekanoat Menjadi 1-Eksadekanol Menggunakan Katalis Ru-Sn(3,0)/C Nor Ain; Rodiansono Rodiansono; Kamilia Mustikasari
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 22, No 4 (2019): Volume 22 Issue 4 Year 2019
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (5483.683 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.22.4.112-122

Abstract

Effect of temperature, initial H2 pressure, and reaction time on the selective hydrogenation of hexadecanoate acid to 1-hexadecanol over bimetallic ruthenium-tin supported on carbon (denoted as Ru-Sn(3.0)/C; 3.0 is molar ratio Ru/Sn) has been systematically investigated. Ru-Sn(3.0)/C catalyst was synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method at temperature of 150oC for 24 h followed by reduction with hydrogen at at 400oC and 500°C for 1.5 h. The XRD patterns of reduced Ru-Sn(3.0)/C showed a series diffraction peaks of bimetallic alloy Ru3Sn7 at 2θ = 30.0°; 35.0°; and 41.3° which are recognized as (310), (321), and (411) reflection planes present. The N2-adsorpsion/desorption profiles confirmed that the catalyst structure was microporous and mesoporous sizes with specific surface area (SBET) of 207 m2/g, pore volume (VpBJH) 0.1015 cm3/g, and pore diameter (dpBJH) 1,21 nm. NH3-TPD profile shows that the desorption temperature of 157.1°C was a weak acidity (Bronsted acid site) with amount of acid sites was 0.117 mmol/g. Meanwhile, the desorption temperature of 660.3°C was a strong acidity (Lewis acid site) with amount of acid sites was 0.826 mmol/g. The highest conversion of hexadecanoic acid (86.24%) was achieved at reaction temperature180°C, initial H2 pressure of 5.0 MPa, a reaction time of 6 h in ethanol solvent and afforded yield of hexadecane (0.15%), 1-hexadecanol (4.27%), and ethyl hexadecanoate (81.82%). At reaction temperature of 150°C, H2 of 3.0 MPa, and a reaction time of 18 h, 73.27% of hexadecanoic acid was converted to 1-hexadecanol (0.24%) and ethyl hexadecanoate (73,03%).
Peningkatan Derajat Deasetilasi Kitosan dari Cangkang Rajungan dengan Variasi Konsentrasi NaOH dan Lama Perendaman Mike T. L. Tobing; Nor Basid Adiwibawa Prasetya; Khabibi Khabibi
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 14, No 3 (2011): Volume 14 Issue 3 Year 2011
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (453.836 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.14.3.83-88

Abstract

Telah dilakukan penelitian tentang derajat deasetilasi kitosan dari cangkang rajungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan pengaruh konsentrasi NaOH dan lama perendaman terhadap derajat deasetilasi kitosan. Penelitian dimulai dengan mengisolasi kitin melalui tahap deproteinasi, demineralisasi, dan depigmentasi menggunakan NaOH 1M, HCl 1M dan H2O2 3% secara berurutan. Selanjutnya kitin yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan FTIR. Produksi kitosan dilakukan dengan cara deasetilasi kitin dengan melakukan dua variasi yaitu waktu perendaman selama 2, 4, 6, dan 8 jam dan variasi konsentrasi NaOH dengan konsentrasi 40, 50, 60, dan 70%. Selanjutnya kitosan yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan metode FTIR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa derajat deasetilasi terbesar pada kondisi perendaman selama 8 jam dengan DD sebesar 77,99% dan konsentrasi NaOH 70% dengan DD sebesar 77%. Kenaikan derajat deasetilasi dipengaruhi oleh kenaikan waktu perendaman dan konsentrasi NaOH.
Produk Reaksi Maillard (MRP) sebagai Anti Bakteri dan Pengendali Kadar Dekstran dalam Nira Agustina L. N. Aminin; Laksmi Ambarsari; H. M. Mochtar
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 5, No 2 (2002): Volume 5 Issue 2 Year 2002
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2111.284 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.5.2.7-10

Abstract

MRP adalah hasil reaksi pencoklatan non enzimatik yang dapat dibuat dengan merefluks larutan yang mengandung asam amino dan gula reduksi. Aktivitas MRP diamati dengan meneliti pertumbuhan mikroorganisme dari nira yang ditumbuhkan dalam medium sintetik melalui pengukuran turbiditas. Pengaruh MRP terhadap produksi dekstran diamati melalui analisa kadar dekstran menggunakan metode Haze. Hasil pengamatan baik terhadap pertumbuhan mikroba maupun kadar dekstran menunjukkan bahwa MRP yang dibuat dari lisin dan glukosa dengan waktu pemanasan lima jam dan menggunakan gas nitrogen memberikan penghambatan sampai 50%.
Reduksi Senyawa 6-Amino-5-Nitroso Urasil Menjadi 5,6-Diaminourasil (Studi Pendahuluan) Suhartana, Suhartana; Rusdiarso, Bambang; Narsito, Narsito
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 3, No 1 (2000): Volume 3 Issue 1 Year 2000
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4090.218 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.3.1.177-181

Abstract

Telah dilakukan sintesis dan reduksi senyawa 6-amino-5-nitroso urasil (6-A-5-NU) menjadi 5,6 diaminourasil (DAU). Analisis kualitatif dilakukan dengan penentuan titik leleh dan spektra IR. Senyawa 5,6- Diaminourasil (DAU) disintesis dari urea dan etilsianoasetat dalam suasana enolat. Reaksi diawali dengan melalui pembentukan senyawa hasil antara senyawa 6-aminourasil, dan 6-Amino-5-Nitroso Urasil (keduanya madya yang stabil), sebelum diperoleh senyawa hasil akhir DAU. Hasil DAU yang diperoleh mempunyai titik leleh 249-254°C (literatur 257-258°C) dan rendemen yang diperoleh adalah 80,86%, kondisi optimum diperoleh dengan memakai reduktor amonium sulfida, dan suhu 40°C.
Effect of Sulfur Addition to Nickel Recovery of Laterite Ore Eni Febriana; Agus Budi Prasetyo; Wahyu Mayangsari; Januar Irawan; Muhammad Ikhwanul Hakim; Tiffany Ary Prakasa; Andinnie Juniarsih; Ariyo Suharyanto; Iwan Setiawan; Rudi Subagja
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 23, No 1 (2020): Volume 23 Issue 1 Year 2020
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (2584.162 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.23.1.14-20

Abstract

This research studied the effect of the addition of sulfur on the reduction process of limonite nickel laterite ore with Ni content of 1.11wt% and Fe 48.7wt%. The stages of the research included the characterization of ore materials, preparation, mixing, pelleting, reduction, and magnetic separation. The reduction stage was carried out with several experimental variables, which were the time and temperature of the reduction, as well as the addition of reducing agents and sulfur additives. Products from the reduction process were separated magnetically, and the concentrate was then analyzed using XRD and AAS. The results showed that the addition of sulfur additives to a certain amount could cause the formation of FeS and Fe-silicate, which could increase the content and percentage of nickel recovery by suppressing the metallization of iron. The optimum conditions were obtained in the reduction process with a temperature of 1100°C for 60 minutes, with the addition of graphite reductant and sulfur additives each of 7% of the sample weight. Ni contents in the reduction product concentrate obtained were 1.98% with 96% gain, while Fe could be reduced to 29.2% with an extraction percentage of 76.1%.
Pengaruh Suhu Kalsinasi terhadap Konduktivitas dan Kristalinitas Elektrolit Padat NaMn2-xMgxO4 Medina Indriati; Rahmad Nuryanto; Linda Suyati
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 16, No 2 (2013): Volume 16 Issue 2 Year 2013
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (628.633 KB) | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.16.2.46-49

Abstract

Telah dilakukan pembuatan elektrolit padat NaMn2-xMgxO4 melalui metode sol-gel dengan variasi suhu kalsinasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan suhu kalsinasi optimum dalam pembuatan elektrolit padat NaMn2-xMgxO4 dan karakterisasi elektrolit padat NaMn2-xMgxO4 menggunakan FTIR dan XRD. Elektrolit padat NaMn2-xMgxO4 dibuat dengan mencampurkan larutan natrium asetat, mangan asetat, magnesium asetat, dan asam sitrat, kemudian dilakukan pengadukan, penguapan pada suhu 80°C, pengeringan gel pada suhu 180°C, dan kalsinasi pada berbagai variasi suhu, yaitu 700, 750, 800, 850, dan 900°C. Uji konduktivitas elektrolit padat dilakukan melalui pengukuran tahanan menggunakan multimeter, kemudian elektrolit padat dengan nilai konduktivitas tertinggi dan terendah dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR untuk menentukan interaksi antar atom-atom dalam elektrolit padat NaMn2-xMgxO4 dan XRD untuk menentukan kristalinitas elektrolit padat NaMn2-xMgxO4. Data konduktivitas menunjukkan bahwa suhu 800°C merupakan suhu kalsinasi yang optimum, sedangkan data FTIR dan XRD menunjukkan bahwa elektrolit padat yang terbentuk adalah padatan kristal NaMn2-xMgxO4 dan kristalinitas sampel 900°C lebih tinggi dari sampel 800°C.

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