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Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25490273     EISSN : 25490273     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Background: Increased blood pressure for a long time can increase the risk of kidney failure, co­ronary heart disease, brain damage, and other di­seases. In 2019, it is estimated that hyper­tens­ion is experienced by 1.13 billion people in the world with most (two thirds) living in low and mid­­dle income countries. Other study also shows that the police and military are at risk of develop­ing hypertension due to a number of factors such as low know­led­ge about healthy and nutritious food, co-workers who are smokers, and consum­ing alco­hol. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in the police and military in the world using meta analysis. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-ana­lysis and systematic review. The articles used we­re obtained from Google Scholar, Springer Link, Pro­­Quest, and Science Direct databases. Selected arti­cles published from 2000 to 2020. Keywords to search for articles are as follows: hypertension po­lice personnel and military, or hypertension po­lice personnel and military. The articles studi­ed are 3 full text articles with cross sectional stu­dy designs and 1 full text articles with case cont­rol study design. Articles are col­lect­ed using PRI­S­­­MA diagrams, and analy­zed us­ing the Re­vi­ew Ma­nager application 5.3. Results: Overweight (aOR= 1.42; 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.00; p= 0.04), alcohol consumption (aOR­=­ 1.­55; 95% CI= 1.12 to 2.12; p= 0.007), ciga­rette con­­­­sumption (aOR= 1.45 ; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.97; p= 0.020) is a risk factor for hyper­­­tension in the po­­­lice and military. Conclusion: Overweight, alcohol consump­tion, and cigarette consump­tion, are risk fac­tors for hypertension in po­lice and military personnel.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 659 Documents
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Assessing the Effect of Social Capital on Depression in Adults Nugraheni, Aulia Putri; Murti, Bhisma; Demartoto, Argyo
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.04

Abstract

Background: Depression is a mental health problem that affects an individual's quality of life. Previous studies have shown that individuals with high social capital are less likely to experience depression. Understanding the dynamics of social capital and its impact on depression is essential for developing interventions and policies that can improve mental well-being at both the individual and community levels. This study aims to analyze the influence of structural, cognitive, and relational social capital on depression in adults.Subjects and Method: This study is a cross-sectional study carried out in Klaten, Central Java in September-October 2024. Population of 726,839 adults and a sample of 200 adults aged 19-59 years were selected using multistage random sampling. The dependent variable was depression. The independent variables were structural social capital, cognitive social capital, and relational social capital. Depression data was measured using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and other data using questionnaires. Data was analyzed using the Structural Equation Model run on STATA 13.Results: Strong social capital lowered adults' risk of depression (b= -0.39; CI 95%= -0.56 to -0.23; p= 0.001). The older you get, the lower the depression score (b= -0.17; CI 95%= -0.31 to -0.03; p= 0.018). The social capital construct in this study is positively and statistically significant by the structural social capital component (b= 0.75; CI 95%= 0.58 to 0.92; p= 0.001), cognitive social capital component (b= 0.56; CI 95%= 0.39 to 0.73; p= 0.001), and the relational social capital component (b= 0.62; CI 95%= 0.48 to 0.76; p= 0.001). The SEM model showed a good fit (Chi-square p= 0.113; RMSEA= 0.070; CFI= 0.98; TLI= 0.93; SRMR= 0.03).Conclusion: Strong social capital and increasing age lower the risk of depression in adults. The social capital construct is positively and statistically significant by the components of structural social capital, cognitive social capital, and relational social capital. This SEM model shows a good fit.
Effect of Short Sleep Duration on the Risk of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Meta-Analysis Hidayat, Anas Rahmad; Siswatibudi, Harpeni; Purwokusumo, R. Haryo Nugroho
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.11

Abstract

Background: Understanding the impact of short sleep duration on cardiovascular disease incidence is crucial for comprehending its potential health implications. This study aimed to analyze and estimate the magnitude of the effect of short sleep duration on the risk of cardiovascular disease incidence based on similar previous primary studies.Subjects and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted by following the PRISMA flow diagram and PICO model. Population: general population without prior cardiovascular diseases, Intervention: short sleep duration, Comparison: adequate sleep duration, and Outcome: the Incidence of cardiovascular diseases. The process of searching for articles through Google Scholar, ProQuest, and PubMed journal databases by selecting articles published from 2010 to 2024. The keywords used include: "Cardiovascular Diseases," AND "Incidence," AND "Sleep Duration," AND "cohort Studies. The inclusion criteria were full paper articles, open access with a cohort study design, and articles in English. Data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3.Results: A total of 9 cohort studies involving 564,287 respondents from Africa, Europe, and Asia were selected for a systematic review and meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that people with short sleep duration had a 1.20 times risk of experiencing cardiovascular disease compared to people with adequate sleep duration (aHR = 1.20; 95% Cl = 1.14 to 1.25; p<0.001). This meta-analysis has heterogeneity I2= 39%, so it uses a fixed effect model.Conclusion: Insufficient sleep duration could elevate the likelihood of cardiovascular disease occurrence.
Public Knowledge and Practices Toward Sun Exposure and Use of Sun Protection in Sibu Municipal Council Area, Sarawak, Malaysia Lwin, Nay; Dar, Hlaing Thaw; Htut, Soe Min
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.10

Abstract

Background: Understanding the risks and benefits of sun exposure promotes overall health and well-being by encouraging safe sun practices. The study aims to assess the knowledge and practice of sun protection in the public towards the harmful effects of prolonged sun exposure.Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia among 302 respondents, from October to November 2023. The respondents were recruited by a convenience sampling method. Research team members interviewed the respondents by using questionnaires with the study variables were age, gender, ethnicity, education and occupations of respondence, knowledge, practice and the reasons to use sunscreen protection. The data were analyzed descriptively using frequency tables and inferential statistics with p-value.Results: More than half of the participants (56%) had average knowledge about the harmful effects of prolonged sun exposure, and 83.1% had moderate levels of sun protection practice. Most participants wore long-sleeved clothing for sun protection and practice for physical appearance, sense of vulnerability or fear, and peer pressure. The statistical results showed no significant difference in practice between different age groups, ethnic groups, education levels, or occupations, and a significant difference was found between genders.Conclusion: Targeted interventions are needed to improve sun protection practices and reduce skin damage and cancer.
Hazard Quotient Association of SO2 Exposure to Respiratory Symptoms: Study on Scavengers in Sarimukti Landfill, West Bandung Regency, East Java, Indonesia Parulian, Tina Shinta; Firmansyah, Yura Witsqa; Niman, Susanti
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.05.12

Abstract

Background: The WHO reported that airborne diseases were responsible for 39 million deaths, accounting for 57% of the total 68 million deaths worldwide in 2021. Landfills are a significant source of air pollution, producing sulfur dioxide (SO2) gas, which is harmful to respiratory health, particularly the lungs. This study aims to examine the relationship between the hazard quotient of SO2 exposure and respiratory symptoms among scavengers at the Sarimukti landfill in West Bandung Regency, using an environmental health risk analysis approach.Subjects and Method: The research contributes to exposure risk management by establishing safe thresholds for SO2 concentration, exposure time, and frequency for scavengers. This study adopts a correlation design with a longitudinal approach. The sample consisted of 101 scavengers selected through accidental sampling. Pollutant measurements were taken at two locations within the Sarimukti landfill. The independent variable in this study is the hazard quotient value of SO2 expo-sure, while the dependent variable is respiratory symptoms in scavengers.Results: The results indicated a (OR= 15.83; 95% CI= 1.10 to 226.67; p= 0.008). Risk management is based on a safe SO2 concentration limit of 14.18 µg/m³, an exposure time of 15 hours, and an exposure frequency of 637 days over 30 years.Conclusion: The measurement result of SO2 concentration of 7.38 µg/m³ is still below the specified quality standard of 150 µg/m³. However, through the calculation of the hazard quotient, the concentration exceeds the safe limit (HQ >= 1). The implication of this study in preventing the occurrence of respiratory symptoms in waste pickers is the use of PPE, limiting working hours and days in the landfill.
Knowledge and Attitude of Nigerian Women Aged 15-49 Years on the Practice of Female Genital Mutilation Anyanwu, Chidimma Ezenwa; Torpey, Kwasi; Sanni, Olaniyi; Abiodun, Olaiya Paul; Anyanwu, Ifeanyi Donald
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.04

Abstract

Background: Female genital mutilation (FGM) is among the most harmful traditions that persist in many parts of the world, especially in Africa and other developing countries, including Nigeria, where the prevalence of FGM is still above 15%. This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude of Nigerian women of reproductive age on FGM practice and its obstetric effects.Subjects and Method: This cross-sectional study examined Abujaarea women aged 15–49 in Nyanya General Hospital, Maitama, and Asokoro District Hospital Antenatal Care (ANC). A total of 634 patients who agreed to participate in the study were selected. The assessment examined respondents' knowledge and opinions about Female Genital Mutilation (FGM), sources of information, attitudes and beliefs, prevalence across three generations, and recommendations. Data was collected using Google Forms, and various statistical tests were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.Results: This study comprised 634 females, the majority of whom had post-secondary education (62.6%) and were married (96.8%), of which 29.2% were within the age group 30–34. Most of the respondents (86.3%) had previously heard about FGM. Of those interviewed, 49.5% knew FGM was practiced in their community, and 326 (51.4%) affirmed knowledge of health problems associated with FGM. The Major source of information on FGM was from parents (36.1%), followed by the media (26.1%). Two hundred and thirty-two respondents (36.6%) strongly agreed that FGM is a very harmful and inhumane practice, and a majority (91.8%) had no intention to circumcise their daughters. About 56.0% strongly agreed and recommended a campaign against FGM in school, and 53.8% strongly agreed to educate traditional birth attendants on the risk of FGM.Conclusion: This study found that the respondents had good knowledge of FGM and its obstetric effects. However, most respondents had a negative attitude towards FGM. Hence, a need for more innovative interventions towards its eradication.
Poisson Probability Count Variable Model and An Eigen-Bayesian Semi Parametric Eigen Autocorrelation for Optimizing Mapping Fentanyl Mortality in Hillsborough County, Florida Jaramillo, Caleb; Gambrell, Alexander; McDonald, Heather; Choudhari, Namit; Mosichs, Sasha; Jacob, Benjamin
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.08

Abstract

Background: Currently, there is a lack of precision count variable models for mapping fentanyl fatalities. The primary objective of this article is to develop a predictive count variable model for mapping county level fentanyl related deaths using scalable zip code capture point census data.Subjects and Method: This ecological study focused on all zip codes within Hillsborough County, Florida. The target population included residents across these zip codes, with fentanyl related mortality data aggregated per area. Total population sampling was applied using secondary data from census and mortality records. The dependent variable was the count of fentanyl related deaths, while independent variables included sociodemographic indicators obtained from the U.S. Census Bureau. Variable measurements were based on standardized public data sources. Data were analyzed using a multicount Poisson regression model. As no overdispersion was detected (variance inflation factor <10), neither negative binomial regression nor stepwise regression was required. Spatial analysis and autocorrelation were conducted using ArcGIS, with the primary predictor further interpolated to identify geographic patterns.Results: Variable selection for the primary predictor was performed by observing the relationship between the standard error of each tested independent variable and its associated Z score. Given the identified relationship between fentanyl mortality and white populations, from the selection process, a spatial autocorrelation hot and cold spot analysis was conducted. This analysis identified zip codes with the highest and lowest predicted likelihood of fentanyl caused deaths (as opposed to deaths where fentanyl was merely present). The identified zip code locations were 33647 and 33810 for the hot spots.Conclusion: Count variable models and autocorrelation hot/cold spot mapping offer a methodological framework for future modeling efforts to predict locations of fentanyl mortality for preven-tative means.
Environmental Knowledge and Participation in Waste Banks: Promoting Plastic Waste Reduction in Borobudur, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia Sutaryono; Ashar, Hadi; Dyah Kusumawardani, Hastin; Rahmad Hidayat, Anas; Purwanti; Lestari, Puji; Sukamsi; Setyaji, Teguh; Ernawati, Dhanik; Prasasti Ragil Putri Widyaningrum, Maria; Susilowati, Tuti; Subaris Kasjono, Heru
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.06

Abstract

Background: Public awareness of environmental health in waste management is one of the causes of government problems in waste management, especially in tourist destination areas. The behavior of carrying shopping bags is one of the efforts to reduce the volume of non organic waste. The success of this behavior has many influencing factors, so the purpose of this study is to determine the factors associated with the behavior of carrying shopping bags in Borobudur District, Magelang Regency, Central Java, Indonesia.Subjects and Method: Cross sectional analytic survey research in the Borobudur District area of 374 respondents. The time of this research was in November 2023, with a random sampling technique, and the research instrument was a questionnaire. This study analyzes six independent variables , and participants in the waste bank, on the dependent variable. We used the regression test. Logistics in the final stage.Results: High knowledge of waste management (AOR= 2.43; 95% CI= 1.04 to 5.65; p= 0.040) and participate in a waste bank (AOR= 3.27, 95% CI 1.92 to 5.58; p= 0.001) increased plastic waste reduction behavior. This study showed that there was no relationship between education, gender, occupation, and participants in the Reduce, Reuse, Recycle (TPS3R) Waste Management Site program on the shopping bag carrying behavior. Conclusion: High knowledge of waste management and participate in a waste bank increase plastic waste reduction behavior.
Exploring Diabetes Mellitus' Impact on Tuberculosis Outcomes: A Comprehensive Comparative Study Diana, Adawiyah Putri; Adiwinoto, Ronald Pratama; Budiarti, Retno; Soedarsono; Prasetya, Hanung; Putra, Oki Nugraha
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.03

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains among the top ten global causes of mortality, with approximately 1.3 million deaths annually. Diabetes elevates the risk of active TB and treatment failure, potentially increasing drug-resistant TB (DR-TB). This study aimed to compare treatment success rates between TB patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM) at Dr. Ramelan Central Naval Hospital, Surabaya.Subjects and Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2023 at Dr. Ramelan Central Naval Hospital Surabaya. A total of 158 patients with TB-DM and TB-NonDM were selected using total sampling. The independent variables were the Presence of Diabetes Mellitus in TB patients (TB-DM vs. Non-TB-DM). The dependent variable was the treatment success rate. The data were collected from patient medical records and analyzed using a chi-square test to compare treatment outcomes between TB-DM and TB-Non-DM patients.Results: The analysis included 158 medical records. Predominantly affecting those over 45 years, both TB-DM and TB-Non-DM patients commonly underwent six months of treatment, with success rates of 78% in TB-DM and 82.4% in TB-Non-DM cases. The chi-square test yielded a p-value of 0.511, indicating no significant difference in treatment success between the groups. However, older age and HIV-positive status were associated with lower odds of treatment success.Conclusion: Success rates were similar between the groups, showing no significant difference based on DM status. Despite similar success rates, older age and HIV-positive status were associated with lower odds of treatment success.
Physical, Emotional, and Sexual Violence on the Risk of Depression in Young Adult Women Saidah, Ayu; Demartoto, Argyo; Murti, Bhisma; Subijanto, Achmad Arman; Novika, Revi Gamma Hatta
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.05

Abstract

Background: Depression due to dating violence is a serious problem that affects the mental health of many women, especially young adults. Dating violence, whether physical, emotional, or sexual, can interfere with psychological well-being and result in long-term consequences, one of which is depression. This study aims to analyze the relationship between experiences of dating violence and depression in victims, focusing on women aged 16 to 25 years.Subjects and Method: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted in Surakarta from October to December 2024. The study sample consisted of 200 female young adults in Surakarta City, selected through random sampling. The dependent variable was depression., Independent variables were physical violence, emotional violence, and sexual violence. Data were collected using questionnaires and analyzed using path analysis on Stata 13.Results: The risk of depression was directly influenced by emotional violence (b=0.49; 95%CI=0.39 to 0.60; p<0.001) and sexual violence (b=0.21; 95%CI=0.09 to 0.32; p<0.001). Meanwhile, the indirect influence was physical violence (b=0.28; 95%CI=0.15 to 0.41; p<0.001) and sexual violence (b=0.25; 95%CI=0.11 to 0.37; p<0.001).Conclusion: Emotional violence and sexual violence directly affect the risk of depression. The indirect influence of the risk of depression is physical violence and sexual violence.
Stunting and Its Implications on Cognitive Ability and Language Development Mangunsong, Roy Romey Daulas
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2025.10.02.01

Abstract

Background: Stunting, a chronic nutritional disorder from prolonged inadequate intake, affects not only physical growth but also cognitive and language development. Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and maternal education are important predictors of stunting risk. Guided by early childhood development theory, this study aims to analyze the implications of stunting on children's cognitive abilities and language development in Karanganyar Regency to inform effective intervention strategies.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, from April to August 2024. A total of 112 children were selected through purposive sampling. The independent variables were stunting status, cognitive ability, mid-upper arm circumference, and maternal education, while the dependent variable was language development. Data were collected through standardized measurements and structured interviews. Logistic regression analysis was performed using Stata 13 to examine the associations between variables.Results: Bivariate analysis revealed that delayed language development was significantly associated with stunting (OR=19.05; p<0.001), poor cognitive ability (OR=18.63; p<0.001), MUAC <13 cm (OR=9.41; p<0.001), and low maternal education (OR=21.21; p<0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that stunting (b=2.09; 95% CI=1.02 to 3.16; p<0.001) and poor cognitive ability (b=2.06; 95% CI=0.99 to 3.13; p<0.001) had direct effects on delayed language development.Conclusion: Stunting directly impairs children's cognitive ability and language development. Additionally, maternal education and mid-upper arm circumference have indirect effects on these outcomes through their influence on stunting. These findings highlight the need for integrated nutritional and educational interventions to promote optimal child development.

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