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Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 25490273     EISSN : 25490273     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Background: Increased blood pressure for a long time can increase the risk of kidney failure, co­ronary heart disease, brain damage, and other di­seases. In 2019, it is estimated that hyper­tens­ion is experienced by 1.13 billion people in the world with most (two thirds) living in low and mid­­dle income countries. Other study also shows that the police and military are at risk of develop­ing hypertension due to a number of factors such as low know­led­ge about healthy and nutritious food, co-workers who are smokers, and consum­ing alco­hol. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for hypertension in the police and military in the world using meta analysis. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-ana­lysis and systematic review. The articles used we­re obtained from Google Scholar, Springer Link, Pro­­Quest, and Science Direct databases. Selected arti­cles published from 2000 to 2020. Keywords to search for articles are as follows: hypertension po­lice personnel and military, or hypertension po­lice personnel and military. The articles studi­ed are 3 full text articles with cross sectional stu­dy designs and 1 full text articles with case cont­rol study design. Articles are col­lect­ed using PRI­S­­­MA diagrams, and analy­zed us­ing the Re­vi­ew Ma­nager application 5.3. Results: Overweight (aOR= 1.42; 95% CI = 1.01 to 2.00; p= 0.04), alcohol consumption (aOR­=­ 1.­55; 95% CI= 1.12 to 2.12; p= 0.007), ciga­rette con­­­­sumption (aOR= 1.45 ; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.97; p= 0.020) is a risk factor for hyper­­­tension in the po­­­lice and military. Conclusion: Overweight, alcohol consump­tion, and cigarette consump­tion, are risk fac­tors for hypertension in po­lice and military personnel.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 659 Documents
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Dual Burden of Weight among College Entrants at Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu Keerthana, S; Verma, Somnath; Sundar, Bhavishya; Padmanabhan, P; Dinakaran, N
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.04.02

Abstract

Background: Body Mass Index (BMI) is a good indicator of health and well-being. Even though it does not accurately measure body fat, BMI is advocated as a simple instrument for identifying obesity. Obesity is a global public health problem with ever-increasing incidence. The data on the regional distribution of BMI, an index of health will be useful in the case of healthcare policy formulation. This study aimed to provide data about the frequency distribution of BMI among adolescents and young adults in Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, India.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Kancheepuram, Tamil Nadu, in September 2023. A total of 1,050 college students was selected using convenience sampling. The dependent variable was BMI. The independent variables were age and sex. The classification of BMI was based on Asian Indian criteria, supplemented by WHO guidelines.Results: Obesity among males was 2.93% according to WHO criteria and 9.56% according to the Asian Indian modification, while for females, obesity was 3.03% by WHO criteria and 10.98% by the Asian Indian modification. Based on Asian Indian criteria, 27.90% of the sample was classified as underweight, 8.85% as overweight, and 20.66% as obese.Conclusion: The problem of overweight and obesity needs public health attention since this is preventable
Factors Determining The Delay in Access to Appropriate Emergency Obstetric Care During The Lockdown Period of The COVID-19 Pandemic: An Observational Study at A Tertiary Referral Centre GS, Triveni; Chawla, Noopur; Kapur, Aishwarya; BS, Prateeksha; Badal, Kavita; puri, Manju
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.03.03

Abstract

Background: The WHO declared the COVID-19 pandemic as a public health emergency of inter-national concern following which many governments around the world adopted the most radical social distancing procedure, referred to as “lockdown”, to prevent the spread of the virus. As a result, unsupervised pregnancies and the absence of routine antenatal visits lead to dreaded maternal and fetal complications. This study determines the barriers to accessing emergency care by pregnant women during the lockdown period.Subjects and Method: This prospective study was conducted during the lockdown period in Delhi from 1 May 2021 to 31 May 2021. A total of 666 pregnant and postpartum patients admitted from casualty during this period were included. The variable of the study was various factors causing delays of more than 4 hours in accessing emergency care services by these patients after the onset of symptoms was assessed. This study used the conceptual model of Three Delays. The data was collected as per predesigned proforma. The demography, Obstetric profile, and various levels of delays were noted. The data was analyzed by frequencies and percentages using SPSS version 21.Results: Among 666 enrolled participants, about 55.7% were multigravida and 48.04% belonged to the upper-lower class. Nearly 43% of patients were illiterate. Antenatal delay of > 4 hours was observed in 590 patients (88.6%). In Level 1 delay, the main reasons for the delay were unawareness of danger signs (45.8%) and lockdown (30.93%). The major reason for the Level 2 delay was care declined at the previous center (33.93%). Reasons for the Level 3 delay were due to either unavailability of beds or overcrowding after reaching the facility.Conclusion: The unawareness of danger signs was the most common cause of delay. Hence, effective communication and counseling during the antenatal period have to be improved upon.
Meta-Analysis: Effects of Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, and Low Physical Activity on Osteoporosis in Adults Ghifari, Muhammad Fahrezi Al; Himawati, Yulia; Ismail, Aem; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.03

Abstract

Background: Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low mineral bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. This study aims to analyze the effect of smoking, alcohol consumption, and low physical activity on osteoporosis in adults.Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis study using the PICO format. Population: Adults, Intervention: Smoking, Alcohol Consumption, Low Physical Activity, Comparison: No Smoking, No Alcohol Consumption, High Physical Activity, Outcome: Osteoporosis. Articles were searched using online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct. The search for articles using the keywords "Smoking" OR "Tobacco" AND "Alcohol consumption" OR "Drinking" AND "Physical activity" OR "Exercise" AND "Osteoporosis" OR "Bone mineral density" AND "Cross-sectional". The inclusion criteria for articles used were articles published in 2013-2023. Articles were filtered using PRISMA flow diagrams and analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4.Results: The meta-analysis used 15 articles with cross-sectional studies from Ireland, Nepal, Taiwan, South Korea, China, Iran, America, Brazil, India, Congo, and Thailand with a total sample of 111,478 samples. The risk of osteoporosis increased with smoking (aOR= 1.49; CI 95%= 1.04 to 2.16; p= 0.030), alcohol consumption (aOR= 1.04; CI 95%= 0.84 to 1.30; p = 0.690), and low physical activity (aOR= 1.17; CI 95%= 0.92 to 1.48; p= 0.210).Conclusion: Smoking, alcohol consumption, and low physical activity increase the risk of osteoporosis in adults. Keywords: smoking, alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, osteoporosis.
Meta-Analysis: Factors Related with Obesity in Adolescents Gumilar, Karismatika Surya; Betriza; Legowo, Nurcahyo Aji; Murti, Bhisma; Wulandari, Ayu Novita
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.06

Abstract

Background: Obesity is excess body weight above the normal BMI limit. This can be experienced by anyone, starting from children, productive teenagers who do not maintain a healthy lifestyle, which can cause premature death. There are various factors that cause obesity from several research findings. This study aims to analyze and estimate factors that influence the risk of obesity in adole-scents.Subjects and Method: This research is a systematic review and meta-analysis with PRISMA and PICO diagrams. Population= teenagers. Intervention= strong physical activity, high income, female gender, strong consumption of fruit, and high maternal education. Comparison= weak physical activity, low income, male gender, weak consumption of fruit, and low maternal education. Result= obesity. The search for this article came from databases namely PudMed and Science Direct. The article keywords used are "physical activity" AND "Income" AND "fruit consumption" AND "mater-nal education" AND "obesity" AND "young factor". The articles included in this research are full paper articles, cross-sectional study design, publication year range 2013-2023, and the magnitude of the Adjusted Odds Ratio relationship. Articles were filtered using the PRISMA flow diagram and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3.Results: There are 10 articles with cross-sectional studies that show the risk of obesity is signifi-cantly influenced by high income by 2.04 times (aOR= 2.04; 95% CI=0.97 to 4.30; p= 0.060), female gender by 2.28 times (aOR= 2.28; 95% CI= 1.64 to 3.17; p<0.001), strong fruit consumption was 2.11 times (aOR= 2.11; 95% CI= 1.30 to 3.44; p= 0.003), and high maternal education was 1.64 times (aOR=1.64; 95% CI= 1.10 to 2.45; p= 0.020) and the influence of weak physical activity which is 0.59 times the risk of obesity with statistically significant results (aOR= 0.59; 95% CI= 0.41 to 0.83; p=0.003).Conclusion: Risk factors that influence obesity in adolescents include high income, female gender, fruit consumption, high maternal education, and weak activity. Keywords: Obesity, risk factors, health problems, teenagers.
Determinants of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Bamboo Woven Craftsmen in Lamongan, East Java Salsabila, Putri Fortuna; Sumardiyono; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.08

Abstract

Backround: Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) are significant debilitating conditions and refer to a variety of degenerative or inflammatory conditions affecting the joints, muscles, ligaments, cartilage, and blood vessels. This research aims to determine the influence of Musculoskeletal Disorders on bamboo woven craftsmen in Lamongan. Subject and Method: This cross-sectional research was conducted in Payaman village, Solokuro District, Lamingan Regency, East Java in October-November. A total of 200 bamboo woven craftsmen were randomly selected using a random number generator. The dependent variable in this study is Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). The independent variables in this study were work stress, age, length of service, duration of work, and exercise habits. The research instruments used the Nordic Body Map questionnaire, work stress questionnaire, and interviews related to age, length of service, duration of work, and exercise habits. The data analysis method uses multiple linear regression analysis. Results: Wicker craftsmen who had high job stress had an average Musculoskeletal Disorders score 0.19 units higher than those with low job stress (b = 0.19, 95% CI = -3.79 to 4.17, p=0.925). Wicker craftsmen aged 40 years and over on average had a Musculoskeletal Disorders score 9.44 units higher than those aged less than 40 years (b = 9.44, 95% CI = 4.70 to 14.18, p<0.001). Wicker craftsmen who have worked for 5 years or more on average have a Musculoskeletal Disorders score 3.34 units higher than those who have worked for less than 5 years (b = 3.34, 95% CI = -2.77 to 9.44, p=0.282). Wicker craftsmen who have a work duration of 5 hours/day and above on average have a Musculoskeletal Disorders score 7.12 units higher than those with a work duration of less than 5 hours/day (b = 7.12, 95% CI = 3.09 to 11.15, p=0.001). Conclusion: Age ≥40 years, work duration ≥5 hours, high work stress and work period ≥5 years increase the risk of MSDs in bamboo woven craftsmen. The habit of exercising ≥30 minutes/day reduces the risk of MSDs in bamboo weaving craftsmen. Keyword: Musculoskeletal Disorder, Work Duration, Years of Work, Age, exercise habits, woven craftsmen
Effects of Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, and Gender on Post Stroke Cognitive Impairment: Meta-Analysis Utami, Sukandriani; Wicaksono, Emirza Nur; Choirunnisa, Amalia; Veibiani, Nindita Arum; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.07

Abstract

Background: Post-stroke cognitive impairment is a serious problem that is often faced by indivi-duals who have experienced a stroke. This study aims to determine and estimate the effects of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and gender on post-stroke cognitive impairment through meta-analysis of primary research conducted by previous researchers.Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis study using the PICO model which includes; P: post-stroke patients. I: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and women. C: normotensive, without diabetes mellitus, and men. O: post-stroke cognitive impairment. A systematic search for primary studies was carried out in the PubMed database which was published from 2014 to 2023. The keywords used to search for primary studies were "Hypertension" AND "Diabetes Mellitus" AND "Post Stroke Cognitive Impairment". The inclusion criteria for the articles searched were primary studies with cross-sectional and cohort studies from 2014-2023 and reporting aOR values. Primary studies were selected using the PRISMA diagram and relevant primary studies were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3.Results: There were 18 primary studies with cross-sectional and cohort study designs. The total sample obtained through a systematic review and meta-analysis was 9,103 post-stroke patients from France, China, Singapore, the Netherlands, Egypt, Ethiopia, and Uganda. The results of the analysis showed that hypertension increased the risk 1.56 times (aOR= 1.56; 95% CI= 1.11 to 2.19; p= 0.010) and diabetes mellitus increased the risk 1.58 times (aOR= 1.58; 95% CI= 1.23 to 2.05; p< 0.001) post-stroke cognitive impairment compared to people without hypertension and diabetes. Meanwhile, the female gender increases the risk of post-stroke cognitive impairment by 1.28 times (aOR= 1.28; 95% CI=1.16 to 1.42; p<0.001). The data is statistically significant.Conclusion: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and female gender increase the risk of post-stroke cognitive impairment. Keywords: Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, women, post-stroke cognitive disorders
Multilevel Analysis: Factors Related with Quality Service of Elderly Community Health Post in Sukoharjo Central Java Tristian, Deviana; Murti, Bhisma; Demartoto, Argyo
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.02.04

Abstract

Background: The quality of health services is the difference between patient expectations and their perceptions of the services they receive, thus the quality of health services shows the success of a health service. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the quality of at the elderly community health post.Subjects and Method: This research was a cross-sectional study conducted at 25 at the elderly community health post in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java in November 2023. The sample consisted of 200 elderly people using random sampling. The dependent variable is the quality of health services at the elderly community health post, while the independent variables are gender, age, number of visits, level of education, and income. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multilevel linear regression analysis.Results: The results of multilevel analysis show that the assessment of the quality of health services decreases in elderly women (b= -0.82; CI95%= -1.65 to -0.01; p= 0.049), aged ≥66 years (b= -1.22, CI95%= -2.01 to -0.44; p=0.002), number of visits 6 times (b= -3.03; CI95%= -3.89 to -2.61; p <0.001), education ≥0.699, and income (b= -2.09; CI95%= -3.20 to 0.97; p<0.001). Posyandu has a contextual effect on assessing the quality of health services with ICC = 52.76%).Conclusion: The assessment of the quality of the elderly community health post service decreased in the elderly type, age ≥66 years, number of visits 6 times, education ≥high school, and income ≥Rp 2,000,000. at the elderly community health post shows quite large contextual effects on assessing the quality of health services. Keywords: Quality of health services, multilevel analysis, elderly
Effect of Tertiary Preventive Behavior on HbA1c Level, Quality of Life, and Complication Risk in Diabetes Mellitus Patients Livia, Wardhatul; Murti, Bhisma; Tamtomo, Didik Gunawan; Prasetya, Hanung
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.10

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a non-communicable disease which is a source of additional severity for other diseases. This study aims to determine the effect of tertiary preventive behavior on hba1c level, quality of life (QoL), and complication risk in diabetes mellitus patients.Subjects and Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Sukoharjo, Central Java, Indonesia, from October to November 2023. A total sample of 200 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), registered in the Prolanis program, was selected through multistage random sampling. The independent variables were HbA1c levels, risk of complications, and QoL. The inde-pendent variable was tertiary preventive behavior. HbA1c levels were measured using spectrophotometer. QoL was measured using the WHOQOL questionnaire, and risk of complications using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the SEM model.Results: Tertiary prevention behavior significantly increased HbA1c level (b= 0.31; CI 95%= -0.45 to 0.15; p<0.001) and quality of life (b= 0.15; 95% CI= -0.15 to 0.38; p<0.001). Tertiary prevention behavior significantly reduced the risk of complications (b= -0.22; CI 95%= -0.42 to 0.02; p= 0.026). The goodness-of-fit values suggest that the structural equation model (SEM) is acceptable (p= 0.188; RMSEA=0.04; CFI=0.97, TLI=0.95; SRMR=0.05; CD= 0.07).Conclusion: Tertiary prevention behavior significantly increased HbA1c level and quality of life. Tertiary prevention behavior reduces the risk of complications in type 2 DM patients. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, HbA1c, complications, quality of life
Food Safety Awareness and Practices among Adult Women and Its Association with Acute Diarrheal Disease in their Household in a Rural Area of Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu Manoj, Darshan; Venkatesan, Sandhiya; Osborn, Jenit; Satheesh
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.03.07

Abstract

Background: Food safety is a paramount concern in today's world, given its critical implications for public health. Contaminated food can lead to severe illnesses and outbreaks, affecting individuals of all ages and backgrounds. Therefore, the study was conducted to assess the level of food safety awareness and attitude among adult women.Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural field practice area of PSG Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Coimbatore from December 2019 to May 2020. A total of 400 participants were selected using systematic random sampling. A pretested, validated study questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data analysis is done by the estimation of disease risk associated with exposure and calculating the p<0.050 proving the statistical association between exposure status and disease occurrence.Results: Half of them (50%) had adequate knowledge regarding food safety practices and 60% adequately practiced them. Washing hands after using the toilet was practiced by 80.8%. washing hands before eating food was practiced by 74.3%. Rat and fly menace were present in 20.5% and 23.3% respectively. Acute Diarrheal Disease was present in 19.3% of households. The presence of acute diarrhoeal disease (ADD) was found to be significantly higher in those who were not washing their hands after using the toilet, presence of flies and rats in the kitchen, and having inadequate knowledge and practices regarding food safety.Conclusion: Though half of the women demonstrated awareness of food safety principles, the study revealed that actual implementation of safe practices remains inadequate. The association of diarrheal diseases with poor handwashing habits, as well as the presence of pests in the kitchen, emphasizes the critical need for targeted interventions to address these issues
Correlations between Physical Activity, Work Duration, and Stress on the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Online Motorcycle Drivers in Surakarta Andriani, Isna; Sumardiyono; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/jepublichealth.2024.09.01.09

Abstract

Background: Motorcycle taxi drivers drive motorcycles with a static posture and there are significant deviations in angles of certain body joints that trigger susceptibility to movement system injuries, namely musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The study aimed to analyze the correlation between the determinants of MSDs, namely physical activity, work duration, and stress on the risk of MSDs incidents in online motorcycle taxi drivers in Surakarta.Subjects and Method: This observational analytical study with a cross-sectional study approach. A sample of 250 online motorcycle taxi drivers in Surakarta was selected using a cluster random sampling technique. The dependent variable of the study was MSDs. The independent variables of the study were physical activity, duration of work, and stress. The data collection technique was conducted through interviews by using questionnaire sheets with instruments i.e. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Work Stress Scale (WSS), and Nordic Body Map (NBP). Data analysis was carried out using a multivariate STATA application with multiple binary logistic regression.Results: The risk of MSDs in online motorcycle taxi drivers in Surakarta increased with the age of older than or equal to 34 years (OR= 2.66; CI 95%= 1.54 to 4.59; p= <0.001), BMI of more than 25 (OR= 1.33; CI 95%= 0.77 to 2.27; p= 0.303), work duration of more than 4 hours per day (OR= 2.43; CI 95%= 1.24 to 4.78; p= 0.010), high stress level (OR= 1.58; CI 95%= 0.89 to 2.83; p = 0.126), and status as an active smoker (OR= 1.27; CI 95%= 0.74 to 2.19; p= 0.378). The risk of MSDs in online motorcycle taxi drivers in Surakarta decreased with active physical activity (OR= 0.36; CI 95%= 0.15 to 0.86; p = 0.021). Age, BMI, physical activity, work duration, stress, and smoking status influenced the risk of MSDs by 8.2%, and the rest were influenced by other determinants.Conclusion: There is a statistically significant correlation between age, physical activity, and duration of work on the risk of MSDs, however, there was no significant correlation between BMI, stress, and smoking status on the risk of MSDs. Keywords: Physical activity, stress, musculoskeletal disorders, motorcycle taxi drivers

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