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Journal of Maternal and Child Health
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25490257     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Journal of Maternal and Child Health (JMCH) is an electronic, open-access, double-blind and peer-reviewed international journal, focusing on maternal and child health. The journal began its publication on July 11, 2015, and is published four times yearly. JMCH aims to improve the policy, program, service, and practice, as they impact infant, children, mother, women, adolescent, and family health.
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Articles 374 Documents
Knowledge and Perception of COVID-19 and Its Psychosocial Impact on Pre- and Post-Natal Women in Tema Metropolis, Ghana, West Africa Adu Mensah, Derrick; Bortie, Patience Naa Adaku; Bonney, Richard Abeiku; Ashong, Sam-Kingsley; Ayamba, Emmanuel Ayimbissa; Odonkor, Stephen Tawiah
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.04.02

Abstract

Background: The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic incited series of societal changes. Adopted practices to mitigate the virus’ spread included; limiting human contact, closure of workplaces, lockdown of cities, and thus limiting health care delivery to emergency services with interruption to routine visits— such as antenatal and postnatal care. During the onset of the pandemic there was a myriad of information on the virus, with several misconceptions involving the viral infection. This study was aimed at assessing the knowledge and perceptions of COVID-19, as well as its psychosocial impact among pregnant and postnatal women in the Tema Metropolis. Subjects and Method: This cross-sectional survey was conducted among a total of 349 pregnant and postnatal women at the Tema General Hospital, Ghana. The dependent variable was outcome of a number of correct/incorrect responses given and the test scores. The independent variables were level of knowledge on COVID-19, prevention practices of COVID-19, and the psychosocial impact of COVID-19. Structured questionnaires were administered to participants to retrieve demographic information, knowledge, perception, and psychosocial impact of COVID-19 on participants. The data collected were imported into Microsoft Excel and analyzed with SPSS version 20. Data was presented as frequencies, percentages, and chi-square values. Results: The study comprised of 295 (84.5%) pregnant and 54 (15.5%) postnatal women. Generally, 80.5% of the participants had good knowledge about COVID-19, whereas 2.6% exhibited poor knowledge. Most postnatal women had the right perceptions about COVID-19, with statistical significance (p<0.050) observed among all variables. With the preventive measures, significant associations amongst both pregnant and postnatal women were observed in monitoring body temperature (OR= 0.08; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.02; p=0.002) and seeking medical advice when ill (OR= 0.83; 95% CI= 0.01 to 0.02; p= 0.004). Based on depression anxiety score, each variable recorded a postnatal woman experiencing extremely severe psychological impact because of COVID-19, whereas only one pregnant woman experienced same. Conclusion: There were adequate knowledge about COVID-19 among both pre- and post-natal women in the study area, and very few were impacted psychologically as a result of COVID-19. Keywords: COVID-19, prenatal, postnatal, psychological, pregnant women. Correspondence: Derrick Adu Mensah, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana/Kumasi Center for Collaborative Research in Tropical Medicine, KCCR, Kumasi, Ghana. Mobile: +2332-6168-6052. Email: derrickadumensah@yahoo.com
Meta Analysis: Effect of Inadequate Gestational Weight Gain on Low Birth Weight and Small for Gestational Age Amrika Putranti, Maurizka Pitria; Murti, Bhisma; Adriani, Rita Benya
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.04.03

Abstract

Background: Weight gain during pregnancy is related to optimizing health for both mother and baby. In addition, the increase in pregnancy weight is also an important indicator of maternal nutri­tion fulfillment during pregnancy and is a good measure to monitor fetal growth. This study aims to estimate the average effect of inadequate gestational weight gain on the risk of low birth weight and small for gestational age. Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis with PRISMA guideline and PICO model. Population: pregnant women. Intervention: inadequate gestational weight gain. Comparison: normal gestational weight gain. Outcome: low birth weight and small for gestational age.  Online databases used are PubMed, SpringerLink, Scopus, and ProQuest with the keywords "Gestational Weight Gain" OR “Inadequate Weight Gain" AND "Low Birth Weight" OR "Birth Weight Infant” OR “Pregnancy Outcomes" AND "Small Gestational Age" AND "Multivariate" AND "Cohort". There were 19 cohort studies published in 2013-2022 that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis was conducted using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: Meta-analysis using 19 cohort studies showed that pregnant women with inadequate weight gain had a risk of giving birth to infants with low birth weight 1.94 times compared to those with normal gestational weight (aOR= 1.94; CI 95%=1.74 to 2.16; p<0.001) and pregnant women with inadequate gestational weight gain had 1.69 times higher risk of giving birth to infants with small for gestational age than those with normal gestational weight (aOR= 1.69; 95% CI= 1.55 to 1.85; p<0.001). Conclusion: Inadequate gestational weight gain increases the risk of low birth weight and small for gestational age. Keywords: Pregnant women, gestational weight gain, low birth weight, small for gestational age Correspondence: Maurizka Pitria Amrika Putranti. Master's Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: maurizka27@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285290846373
Factors Associated with Stunting in Adolescents in Integrated Health Post in Pariaman, Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia Putri, Azzahra Nadya; Retno Dewi, Yulia Lanti; Priyatama, Aditya Nanda
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.04.04

Abstract

Background: Stunting refers to irreversible physical growth retardation accompanied by cognitive decline that can last a lifetime and affect the next generation. This research was conducted to determine the factors that influence the incidence of stunting in adolescents at the Youth Posyandu Kota Pariaman. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study. The population is all adolescents aged 10-18 years who are registered at the Kp. Jawa I with 52 people and Andestura Tungkal Selatan integrated health posts with 34 people. The sampling technique uses total sampling. Statistical test used chi square bivariate analysis. The dependent variable was stunting. The independent variables were gender, age, physical activity, and socioeconomic. Results: The results showed that gender (p=0.899), age (p=0.082), and physical activity (p=0.829) had no effect on the incidence of stunting in adolescents. Socioeconomic effect on the incidence of stunting in adolescents (p <0.001). Conclusion: There is no influence between gender, age, physical activity on the incidence of stunting because the nutritional status of stunting illustrates a disturbance in height growth that lasts for a long period of time so that it cannot be described by gender, age or physical activity. Socio-economic status that can affect the growth process includes income. Family income affects a person's ability to access certain foods which will affect the nutritional status of children. Someone with a low socioeconomic status has limited ability to access certain foods, so they are at risk of consuming less food. Keywords: gender age, physical activity, socioeconomic, stunting. Correspondence: Azzahra Nadya Putri. Masters Program of Human Nutrition, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia. Mobile: 082210112490. E-mail: azzahra­nadya09@student.uns.ac.id.
Meta-Analysis: Effects of Exclusive Breastfeeding, Antenatal Care Visit, and Maternal Education on Stunting in Toddlers Tari, Putri Inrian; Rahardjo, Setyo Sri; Setiyadi, Noor Alis
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.04.10

Abstract

Background: Stunting is a condition in which toddlers have less height according to their age. WHO reports that there are around 149.2 million toddlers experiencing stunting worldwide. This study aims to analyze and estimate the magnitude of the effect of exclusive breastfeeding, antenatal care visits, and maternal education level on the incidence of stunting among toddlers based on the results of similar previous studies. Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis using the PRISMA flow chart and the PICO model. Population: toddlers. Intervention: exclusive breastfeeding, the mother often visits antenatal care, and high maternal education. Comparison: not exclusive breastfeeding, mothers rarely visit antenatal care, and low maternal education. Outcome: stunting. The databases used were Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Elsevier, Scopus, SpringerLink, BioMed Central, PLOS ONE, and Emerald with the keywords (“Exclusive Breastfeeding” OR “Antenatal Care” OR “Mother's Education”) AND “Stunting” AND “Children” AND “aOR”. There were 15 cross-sectional studies published in 2013-2023 that met the inclusion criteria. Analysis data were RevMan 5.3. Results: A meta-analysis of 15 articles with a cross-sectional study design was carried out from Ethiopia, India, Tanzania, Rwanda, Pakistan and Indonesia in under-fives with a sample size of 285,221. The results of the meta-analysis showed that toddlers who were exclusively breastfed experienced stunting by 0.54 times compared to toddlers who were not exclusively breastfed (aOR= 0.54; 95% CI= 0.35 to 0.85; p<0.001), toddlers born to mothers who had frequent antenatal visits care experienced stunting by 0.81 times compared to toddlers born to mothers who rarely visited antenatal care (aOR= 0.81; 95% CI= 0.72 to 0.90; p= 0.001), and toddlers born to mothers with higher education experienced stunting by 0.72 times compared to toddlers born to mothers with low education (aOR= 0.72; 95% CI=0.61 to 0.86; p=0.003). Conclusion: Toddlers who get exclusive breastfeeding, mothers who often visit antenatal care, and a high level of maternal education can reduce the risk of stunting in toddlers. Keywords: Exclusive breastfeeding, antenatal care, maternal education, stunting. Correspondence:Putri Inrian Tari. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia. Email: putriindriantari@gmail.com. Mobile: +62822­824­32594
Effect of Home Visit by Community Health Cadre on Postpartum Depression: Meta-Analysis Hernanda R, Annisa Istighfari; Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini; Prasetya, Hanung
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.04.08

Abstract

Background: Postpartum depression is one of the most common mental disorders and com­pli­cations of childbirth. Postpartum depression is associated with lower rates of initiation of breast­feeding, poorer mother-infant bonding, and an increase in infants exhibiting developmental delays. Efforts to prevent and treat postpartum depression can be done through home visits by community health cadres. This study aims to estimate and analyze the effect of home visits by community health cadres in reducing postpartum depression. Subjects and Method: This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of the results of pre­vious relevant research conducted using the PRISMA guidelines. The population included pregnant women and postpartum women, the intervention was given in the form of home visits by community health cadres with comparisons without home visits, and findings related to postpartum depression. Search for articles in this study through the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases which were published between 2013-2023. The keywords used in the article search process were “home visit” AND (“community health worker” OR “lay health worker” OR “para­pro­fessional”) AND (“postpartum depression” OR “maternal depression”). The inclusion criteria for the articles included were full text articles and full papers with an RCT research design and including the Mean SD value. Findings from primary research articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: The primary research included consisted of 9 articles from Tanzania, the United Kingdom, India, South Africa, the United States and Pakistan. The results of this meta-analysis showed that pregnant women and postpartum women who received home visits by community health cadres had an average postpartum depression rate of 0.27 units lower than mothers who did not receive home visits by community health cadres (SMD = -0.27; CI 95% = -0.52 to -0.03; p = 0.030). Conclusion: Home visits by community health cadres can reduce postpartum depression. Keywords: Home visits by community health cadres can reduce postpartum depression. Correspondence: Annisa Istighfari Hernanda. Master's Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: nnisa6173@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281335057080.
Meta Analysis: Effects of Prelacteal Feeding and Vitamin A Supplementary Intake on Stunting in Children Aged 6-59 Months Alifariani, Aulia; Murti, Bhisma; Adriani, Rita Benya
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.04.11

Abstract

Background: Stunting describes the condition of failure to thrive in children under five years old (toddlers) due to chronic malnutrition and recurrent infections, especially in the first 1,000 days of life as a golden period with proper nutrition. This study aimed to examine the effect of prelacteal feeding and vitamin A on the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-59 months using a meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: The meta-analysis was carried out using the PRISMA flowchart and the PICO model. Population: children aged 6-59 months. Intervention: giving prelacteal feeding and vitamin A. Comparison: not giving prelacteal feeding and vitamin A. Outcome: stunting. The online databases used are Google Scholar, ProQuest and Elsevier with the keywords “Stunting” AND “Prelacteal feeding” AND “Vitamin A” AND “Children Aged 6–59 Months” AND “Multivariate” AND “Cross Sectional”. There were 15 cross-sectional studies published in 2013-2023 that met the inclusion criteria. Analysis was performed with RevMan 5.3. Results: A meta-analysis of 15 articles with a cross-sectional study design from different countries, namely Ethiopia, Uganda, Somalia, Indonesia and Sudan in children aged 6-59 months with a total sample of 94,212 research subjects. The results of the meta-analysis showed that there was an effect of not being given prelacteal feeding on the reduced risk of stunting in children aged 6-59 months. Children who were not given prelacteal feeding had 0.57 times the risk of stunting compared to those who were given prelacteal feeding (aOR= 0.57; 95% CI= 0.38 to 0.84; p= 0.005), Children who were not given vitamin A had a risk of being stunted 1.19 times compared to children who were given vitamin A (aOR= 1.19; 95% CI= 1.00 to 1.41; p= 0.050). Conclusion: Children who are not given prelacteal feeding and children who are given vitamin A reduce the risk of stunting in children aged 6-59 months. Keywords: prelacteal feeding, vitamin A, stunting, children aged 6-59 months. Correspondence:Aulia Alifariani. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: aulia.alifariani26@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282­236887887.
Meta-Analysis the Effects of Education, Pregnancy Planning, Husband Support, and Distance to Health Facilities on the Utilization of Antenatal Care Service Sitepu, Fransiska; Tamtomo, Didik; Prasetya, Hanung
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.04.12

Abstract

Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is comprehensive and quality antenatal care provided to pregnant women in the form of antenatal checks to prevent causes of morbidity and mortality in pregnant women and children. The decrease in the number of visits of pregnant women to health facilities has resulted in high maternal mortality due to complications of pregnancy and childbirth. This study aimed to analyze the effect of education, pregnancy planning, husband's support, and distance to health facilities on the utilization of ANC. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis. Population was pregnant women. Intervention: higher education, planned pregnancies, strong husband support, and distance to close facilities. Comparison: low education, unplanned pregnancies, weak spousal support, and long distances to facilities. Outcome: utilization of ANC. The articles used were obtained from Google Scholar, BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, PubMed, and Science Direct. The keywords used “Antenatal Care” AND “Utilization of ANC” AND “Husband Support and ANC”. The articles used were full text in English from 2009 to 2022. Articles were selected using the PRISMA diagram and analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: 14 cross-sectional studies showed that mothers with higher education (aOR=2.93; 95% CI=1.93 to 4.45; p=0.001); planned pregnancy (aOR= 1.99; 95% CI= 1.26 to 3.15; p=0.003); had husband support (aOR=2.89; 95% CI= 1.23 to 6.81; p=0.020); and closer distance to health facilities (aOR=3.07; 95% CI=1.43 to 6.55; p=0.003) had high and significant posibility to utilize ANC. Conclusion: Higher education, pregnancy planning, husband's support, and proximity to health facilities influence the utilization of antenatal care. Keywords: antenatal care, pregnant women, morbidity. Correspondence: Fransiska Sitepu. Master's Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java 57126, Indonesia. Email: fransiskasitepu16@gmail.com. Mobile: +628136­7655293.
Knowledge, Practices and Associated Factors to Sexual and Reproductive Health of Young People of Cotonou, Bénin in 2022 Lee, Sogbossi D Nancy; Georgia, Damien Barikissou; Badirou, Aguemon
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.04.05

Abstract

Background: The sexual and reproductive health of young people is a public health priority, especially in developing countries such as Benin. The objective of this research is to measure the level of knowledge and practices of young people regarding sexual and reproductive health and the factors associated with it in the city of Cotonou in 2022. Subjects and Method: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study with an analytical focus on a sample of 318 young people aged 15 to 25 years, randomly selected in the community by three-stage cluster sampling. The dependent variables were young people's overall knowledge of sexual and reproductive health with the modalities 'good knowledge' and 'poor knowledge' and young people's SRH practices with the modalities 'good practices' and 'poor practices'. The independent variables were socio-demographic data and individual background and factors. The data were analyzed by logistic regression. Results: In the study population, 51.3% were male with a sex ratio (M/F) of 1.05. The overall level of good knowledge of young people on sexual and reproductive health was assessed at 13.5%. The overall level of good sexual and reproductive health practices of young people was assessed at 72.6%. Good sexual and reproductive health knowledge was more prevalent among young people over the age of 19. The risk of having good SRH knowledge increased eightfold when the type of household in which the young person spent their adolescence was monogamous (OR = 8.03; 95% CI= 2.12 to 30.44; p= 0.017) compared to the single-parent/ isolated household. Conclusion: Promoting sexuality education from early adolescence within communities would be a high-impact solution to improve the quality of sexual and reproductive health of young people and the general population. Keywords: sexual and reproductive health, sexual and reproductive rights, youth, Benin. Correspondence: Sogbossi D. Nancy Lee. Public Health Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou. Email: nleezinsou@gmail.com.
Food Intakes and Determinants of Under-5 Health Outcomes in South Africa Molelekoa, Thonaeng Charity; Oyekale, Abayomi Samuel
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.04.09

Abstract

Background: Inadequate food intake has been implicated as the major cause of poor nutritional and health outcomes among children under the age of 5. However, little empirical evidence exists on the role of different food classes in promoting good health outcomes among under-5 children. Therefore, this study analysed the effect of food intakes on the occurrence of wasting, stunting and underweight among under-5 children in South Africa. Subjects and Method: The data were the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) collected in 2016 with two stage stratified sampling. The z-scores for wasting, stunting and underweight were the indicators of child’s health outcomes, which were analysed with logistic regression model. Results: The logistic regression results revealed that the probability of stunting decreased with being discharged same time with the mother (0.90), residing in wealthy homes (0.90), and being a boy (0.82), but increased with sharing toilet (0.43), and number of children (0.90). In addition, wasting reduced with milk consumption (0.23), high birth weight (1.00) and number of children (1.50). In comparison with Western Cape, a child has 4.92, 7.29, 11.65 and 8.33 higher chances of being underweight when they reside in Kwazulu-Natal, North West, Gauteng and Limpopo province, respectively, while consumption of fruit and vegetables increased underweight. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is still a nutritional problem on children under 5 in South Africa. It is recommended that government, especially the health department should advise mothers with child health related matters at clinics and encourage them to breastfeed their children and have recommended diet for them.Keywords: health outcomes, underweight, stunting, wasting, child. Correspondence:Thonaeng Charity Molelekoa, Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, North-West University Mafikeng Campus, Mmabatho 2735 South Africa. Email: Thona.Maselwa@nwu.ac.za.
The Association between Hypothermia during Emergency Room Admission and Newborn Mortality at Dr. Moewardi Hospital Hidayah, Dwi; Rohsiswatmo, Rinawati; Hafidh, Yulidar
Journal of Maternal and Child Health Vol. 8 No. 4 (2023)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.04.06

Abstract

Background: Hypothermia in newborns continues to be a significant issue and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The incidence of hypothermia in referral newborns is still high during hospital admission. Subjects and Method: This is a prospective cohort study conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital. Data collection was carried out on January 1, 2015, until March 31, 2015, for referred newborns. The dependent variable was mortality and the independent variables included gestational age, birth weight, sepsis, severe respiratory distress, and temperature at the time of admission at the ER. The chi-square test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data, with a cut-off value of p<0.05 cut off and a confidence interval of 95%. Results: There were 56 newborn referrals, with 60.7% incidence of hypothermia and 19.6% inci­dence with mortality. From the chi-square analysis, the variable of gestational age and weight did not meet the requirements of multivariate analysis (p> 0.25). The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed a non-significant association between severe respiratory distress and mortality in referred newborns (OR= 5.25; 95% CI= 0.89 to 30.82; p= 0.066). After performing multivariate logistic regression analysis to obtain controlled ORs, there was a significant relationship between newborn referrals mortality and temperature at the time of ER admission (OR= 8.75; 95% CI= 1.07 to 3.26; p= 0.047) and sepsis (OR= 6.25; 95% CI= 150 to 28.69; p= 0.012) with mortality of referred newborns. Conclusion: The incidence of hypothermic referred newborns is high. Hypothermia during admission at the ER and sepsis are both associated with increased mortality in referred newborns. Keywords: newborns, hypothermia, mortality. Correspondence:Dwi Hidayah. Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University and Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Jalan Kolonel Sutarto No.132, Surakarta 57126, Indonesia. Mobile: 08122623728 Email: dwihidayah_dr2020@staff.uns.ac.id