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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA)
Published by Universitas Islam Indonesia
ISSN : 26227401     EISSN : 26227126     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Environmental Science
IJCA (Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis) is a chemistry journal published by Chemical Analysis Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Islam Indonesia. IJCA publishes original research articles or review articles on aspect all of the chemistry fields especially in analytical methods, procedures, and principles. IJCA has the vision to become a reputable journal and can publish good quality papers. We aim to provide lecturer, researchers both academic and industries, and students worldwide with unlimited access to publishing in our journal.
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Articles 109 Documents
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Microplastic Removal in Krueng Aceh River Water Using Ultrafiltration Membrane from Polyethersulfone Polymer (PES) Haifa Dzihninafira; Abd Mujahid Hamdan; Fachrul Razi
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijca.vol6.iss2.art7

Abstract

The Company's input pipes contained microplastics, per the preliminary test findings. While the water yield produced by PDAM Tirta Daroy contains 150 particles/L, the Tirta Daroy Drinking Water Area has 275 particles/L. Microplastics found in the water pose a major risk to living beings if they are consumed. This work aims to characterize the properties, flux, and polyethersulfone (PES) membrane rejection coefficient, which were made utilizing the phase inversion technique with a solvent and additives called N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). In Sungai Krueng Aceh, titanium dioxide (TiO2) is utilized to filter out microplastics from the water. Results of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) examination of Membrane Morphology demonstrate that the resulting membrane is an asymmetrical membrane of two layers, the upper layer relatively thin and the lower layer porous. When compared to the PES membrane when it was 15% DMF/TiO2, the 20% DMF/TiO2 membrane exhibits a finger-like cross-sectional structure called a macrovoid) with more and larger numbers. Analysis of the microplastic rejection coefficients proved the effectiveness of PES, DMF, and TiO2 membranes in removing microplastics. Results of tests on the effectiveness of rejecting microplastics after undergoing process filtration with a microplastic rejection coefficient of 94% and 14.2 particles/L utilizing a 20% PES/DMF/TiO2 membrane Performance of PES membranes: The PES membrane with 20% DMF/TiO2 has a water flux of 0.467 L/m2.hour compared to 15% DMF/TiO2 0.733 L/m2.hour. This study's findings on membrane Ultrafiltration have the potential to be used as a water filter standard in PDAM.
Identification of Fat in Pork Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrum and GC-MS Yulirohyami; Vivin Maulidatunnisa; Dinda Permata Pusparani; Bagas Prasetyo
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijca.vol6.iss2.art10

Abstract

Halal food safety issues receive serious attention. Methods for analyzing contamination of non-halal ingredients, such as lard, must be developed to assist in the halal authentication process for food. This study was conducted to compare the fat profile of pork thighs using FT-IR and GC-MS. The pork is dried in the oven and then extracted using n-hexane. The resulting fat was characterized by FT-IR. Determination of fatty acids was carried out by GC-MS using a derivatization technique. Based on the results of the study showed that the infrared pattern of lard can be identified from the difference in absorption intensity. Pork fat has a higher unsaturated fatty acid content than beef and chicken. Infrared spectra can confirm the presence of -C=C- bonds at 3005, 1745, 1116, 1550, and 722 cm-1. The FTIR data shows that there are larger unsaturated fatty acid groups in pork fat than in beef and chicken fat. This procedure is a non-destructive method that can be carried out quickly, and cheaply, and can be developed into a routine procedure for halal authentication of food. Based on the results of unsaturated fatty acid testing with GC-MS it can show the content of oleic acid (C18:1) contained in pork. The results of mapping the content of free fatty acids in pork can be used to complete halal authentication data easily and quickly.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Areca Catechu L Peel Bioreductor as an Antibacterial Escherichia Coli and Staphylococcus Aureus Restina Bemis; Frastica Deswardani; Heriyanti; Ratih Dyah Puspitasari; Nur Azizah
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijca.vol6.iss2.art9

Abstract

Areca nut or Areca catechu L is a plant that has many benefits, one of which is that it can be used as medicine. There are secondary metabolite compounds in betel nut. The presence of this secondary metabolite content makes the betel nut skin a high potential as a bioreductant to synthesize silver nanoparticles as an antibacterial. The process of synthesizing silver nanoparticles is carried out with the addition of a stabilizer in the form of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The analysis results obtained using the UV-Vis instrument have wavelengths with variations in the addition of 1%, 3% and 5% PVA, respectively, are 448 nm, 456 nm and 460 nm. In the results of the analysis using XRD, the value of 2θ is silver nanoparticles (PVA 1%): 38,020; 43,930 ; 64,320 ; 77,270. silver nanoparticles (PVA 3%): 38,230; 44,270 ; 64,610 ; 77,500. And silver nanoparticles (PVA 5%) are 38,100 ; 44,240 ; 64,460 ; 77,370. For analysis using SEM, the particle size obtained with the help of the Imegej and OriginLab 8.5 applications, namely at AgNPS + PVA 1% is 28 nm - 31 nm. Agnps + PVA 3% ranged from 26 nm – 29 nm. And Agnps + PVA 5% has a size of 19 nm – 22 nm. For the results of FTIR data, the specific absorption peaks of Ag nanoparticles are located at frequencies of 412.23 cm-1, 453.57 cm-1, and 476.84 cm-1. Then in the antibacterial test, silver nanoparticles were used with the addition of 5% PVA. The size of the clear zone obtained in the test for E. coli bacteria is 11.2 mm and for S. Aureus it is 13 mm
Dynamics of Physicochemical Parameters as Indicator of Water Quality: A Study of Ogun River, Nigeria O. B., Adestina; E. D., Paul; A. A., Nuhu; C. C., Onoyima; F. G., Okibe
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijca.vol7.iss2.art2

Abstract

Environmental pollution is increasingly becoming a major global problem. Surface water pollution impacts human life and the ecosystem, emphasizing the need for water quality assessment and monitoring. In this study, water Samples were collected in Ogun River for two years (twice a year) and analyzed for the physicochemical parameters using standard methods. The results show that there was spatial and seasonal variation in the water quality of the river. The physical parameters Turbidity, EC, and TDS had significant positive correlations with each other but correlated negatively with DO and pH. A significant positive correlation also existed between pH and DO (0.918). Cluster analysis grouped the parameters into three clusters, while the PCA yielded 2-components, which explained 85.61 % of the total variance in the data set. Component 1 accounts for 69.26 % of the total variance and has strong positive loadings for Turbidity, EC, and TDS and strong negative loadings for pH and DO. Component 2 accounts for 16.35 % of the total variance, with strong positive loading for BOD. The results indicate that factors that increase the Turbidity, EC, and TDS levels will decrease the levels of pH and DO while exerting a less significant effect on BOD. This study provides valuable insight into the changes and interactions of parameters that affect the water quality, which is crucial for the sustainability and quality management of the water system.
Spectrophotometric Determination of Norepinephrine in Industrial Equipment Cleaning Rinse Water by Its Own Absorbance and The Tollens’ Reagent Anatolyevich Nikolaychuk, Pavel
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijca.vol7.iss2.art3

Abstract

A literature review of the available spectrophotometric methods of determination of catecholamines is presented. Based on this review, two simple spectrophotometric methods for the determination of norepinephrine bitartrate in pharmaceutical formulations and industrial equipment cleaning rinse waters were chosen and validated. The first method for the determination of norepinephrine at ppm levels utilizes the absorbance band of the solution of norepinephrine bitartrate at 279 nm. The second method for the determination of norepinephrine at ppb levels is based on the reaction of norepinephrine with the Tollens’ reagent in the presence of the cationic surfactant cetylpyridinium chloride and the colorimetric determination of the formed colloidal silver nanoparticles. The calibration graphs are linear in the range from 1 to 150 mg/l of norepinephrine for the first method and 25 µg/l to 10 mg/l for the second method. The molar attenuation coefficients are 388 and 7560 m2/mol, respectively, the limits of detection are 1.1 mg/l and 3.1 µg/l, and the limits of quantification are 3.3 mg/l and 9.4 µg/l, respectively. Both methods are selective concerning the common excipients, show good accuracy (the relative uncertainties do not exceed 4 and 7%, respectively) and precision (the relative standard deviations do not exceed 4 and 7%, respectively), and do not require lengthy sample preparation and sophisticated laboratory equipment.
Bioactive Compounds Investigation and Antioxidant Activities in Extracts and Fractions of Tamarindus Indica (Aradib) From Sudan Alhasien Ahmed, Mona; Mohammed , Abuelgasim Abbaker; Ishag, Khogali Elnur
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijca.vol7.iss2.art4

Abstract

Tamarindus indica is commonly used interest in Sudan for edible plant and medicinal use. This study aimed to determine bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activities in extracts and fractions of Tamarindus indica pulp grown in Sudan. The powdered plant was extracted with ethanol, ethyl acetate, and acetone using an ultrasonic technique. The residue of the ethanol extract was fractionated using successive solvents. The extracts and fractions were determined for their phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins contents, and analyzed bioactive compounds by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometer, and also evaluate their antioxidant activities using the 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl, reducing power and hydrogen peroxide scavenging methods. The results show that the total phenolics, total flavonoids, and total tannins levels were significantly higher in the ethyl acetate fraction than in other extracts and fractions. GC-MS analyses of extracts and fractions showed a variety of bioactive compounds such as Hexadecanoic acid, Stigmasterol, Maltol, Sitosterol, Vitamin E, Allose, Tartaric acid, and Vaccenic acid. All the extracts and fractions exhibited good antioxidant activities. The extracts and fractions of Tamarindus indica pulp are sources of natural antioxidants and other bioactive compounds, which are beneficial effects on human health and the possibility of application in the pharmaceutical industry.
Evaluation of the Chemical Structure and Thermal Properties of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Doped Polylactic Acid (PLA)/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) Composites Rifa'i, Awaludin Fitroh; Kaavessina, Mujtahid; Distantina, Sperisa
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijca.vol7.iss2.art5

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the chemical structure, thermal properties, and stability of polylactic acid (PLA) composites blended with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and polyethylene glycol (PEG). The composites were fabricated using a masterbatch blending method with two different molecular weights (Mw) of PEG. The masterbatch was initially prepared using solvent casting with chloroform as the solvent, followed by melt blending using an extruder. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy identified strong hydrogen bonds between the C=O groups of PLA and the –OH groups of PEG, as evidenced by the peak at 1748 cm¹. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) revealed that incorporating 14 wt% of PEG 10,000 into PLA/MWCNT composite significantly enhances the melting enthalpy (∆Hm) from 18.3 J/g to 24.6 J/g and the degree of crystallinity from 2% to 17.3%. The glass transition temperature (Tg) decreased with the addition of PEG, indicating increased chain mobility, while the melting temperature (Tm) remained relatively constant around 158 oC regardless of the PEG Mw. Despite the plasticizing effect of PEG, the thermal stability of the composites was maintained across different PEG Mw. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images showed that MWCNTs were well dispersed within the blend, facilitated by ultrasonic stirring during preparation.
Advancements in NMR and IR Spectroscopy: Enhancing Metabolomics and Disease Diagnostics in the Health Sector: A Comprehensive Review Saputra, Rizki Rachmad; Ariefin, Mokhamat; Kumalasari, Meiyanti Ratna; Dongoran, Junita; Tampubolon, Mulani Jeni Lestari; Sulistiawati, Putri; Simangunsong, Sri Yulandari; Ariska, Risya; Paksi, Pandu Gizta Rapi; Siska, Amelia; Yanti, Jeddah; Maknun, Luluil
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijca.vol7.iss2.art6

Abstract

Metabolomics has emerged as a critical field in understanding biological processes and disease mechanisms, necessitating advancements in analytical techniques to handle complex biological samples. This review explores the global landscape of metabolomics, with a focus on the use of spectroscopy and spectrometry. Techniques such as UV-Vis and Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectroscopy offer fast and cost-effective metabolite tracing but are limited by their sensitivity, particularly for low-abundance metabolites. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, despite being less sensitive than mass spectrometry (MS), provides unparalleled structural information, distinguishing metabolites with similar mass-to-charge ratios. NMR's capability to detect metabolites in the 1-10 µM range highlights its effectiveness in metabolomics. This review categorizes advancements in these techniques, starting with global contributions to spectroscopy, followed by detailed discussions on FTIR strategies for metabolite tracing, and concluding with NMR's qualitative and quantitative applications in metabolomics and disease diagnostics. The review underscores the continuous development in sample preparation and data integration, enhancing the accuracy and applicability of these techniques, positioning NMR and FTIR as essential tools in modern metabolomic research.
The Optimization Ratio and Size of Raw Materials in Patchouli Oil Extraction Process Using Hydrodistillation Method with Addition of MgCl2 Afifah, Dian Ayu; Cendekia, Devy; Teguh, Dedi
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijca.vol7.iss2.art7

Abstract

This research focuses on optimizing patchouli oil yield using the hydrodistillation method and adding MgCl2 as the main component. The RSM method is used to analyze model variance, including the sum of squares model, less of the fit model, and ANOVA analysis. The research results show that adding MgCl2 can increase the yield of patchouli oil by reducing water content and undesirable non-volatile elements, thereby producing more stable patchouli oil. ANOVA analysis of patchouli oil yield was carried out to determine the optimal results from factors such as F/S, material size, and time. The extraction time factor had a p-value of less than 0.05, indicating that the model was suitable for explaining the results. The research results showed that the yield of patchouli oil was optimal with an F/S ratio of 0.075, material size of 20 mesh, and extraction time of 5 hours, with a yield of 0.1 gr/mL being the best choice. The research results showed that the use of specific methods, namely distilled water and MgCl2 in the extraction process, was effective in increasing the yield of patchouli oil
Modification of Screen Printed Carbon Electrode-Gold Nanoparticles (SPCE-AuNPs) for Detection of Mercury in Cosmetics Aini, Azizah Nurul; Nurul wahidah; Putriana Dwi Agustin; Dewi Nurmarlina; Ramadhan, Syafira Elfa; Riyanto
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis (IJCA) Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Chemical Analysis
Publisher : Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/ijca.vol7.iss2.art8

Abstract

The cosmetics industry in Indonesia has experienced a significant increase of 12.6% from 2022 to June 2023, with 1025 industries having a positive impact on the Indonesian economy. Apart from that, it has triggered a number of naughty manufacturers to use dangerous chemicals in their cosmetic products such as mercury (Hg). Therefore, it is important to develop a fast and sensitive method for detecting mercury in cosmetics using SPCE-AuNPs. This research was carried out by synthesizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using the reducing agent sodium citrate (Na3H5C6O7) with varying concentrations and characterization of several chemical instruments. Furthermore, SPCE was modified by AuNPs, its performance and application were tested to detect mercury in cosmetic cream using cyclic voltammetry (CV). SPCE-AuNPs provides an electrochemical response with higher oxidation and reduction peaks than bare SPCE with an oxidation peak at a potential of 0.1 V to 0.3 V and a reduction peak at -0.05 V to 0.05 V at a scan rate of 0.01 V/s to 0.03 V/s. This shows a good electrochemical response so it can be used for application to detection of mercury in cosmetic samples. The SPCE modified using AuNPs can potentially be used as a sensor for mercury detection in cosmetics.

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