Unes Law Review
UNES Law Review adalah Jurnal Penelitian Hukum yang dikelola oleh Magister Hukum Pascasarjana, Universitas Ekasakti Padang. Penelitian yang dimuat merupakan pendapat pribadi peneliti dan bukan merupakan pendapat editor. Jurnal terbit secara berkala 4 (empat) kali dalam setahun yaitu September, Desember, Maret, dan Juni. UNES Law Review mulai Volume 4 Nomor 3 Tahun 2022 sampai Volume 9 Nomor 2 Tahun 2027 Reakreditasi Naik Peringkat dari Peringkat 5 ke Peringkat 4 sesuai nomor Akreditasi : 204/E/KPT/2022, 3 Oktober 2022 UNES Law Review is a Legal Research Journal managed by Postgraduate Law Masters, Ekasakti University, Padang. The published research is the personal opinion of the researcher and is not the opinion of the editor. The journal is published periodically 4 (four) times a year, namely September, December, March and June. UNES Law Review Volume 4 Number 3 of 2022 to Volume 9 Number 2 of 2027 Reaccreditation Raised Rank from Rank 5 to Rank 4 according to Accreditation number: 204/E/KPT/2022, 3 October 2022
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<![CDATA[Penerapan Perizinan Berusaha Berbasis Risiko Bagi Pelaku UMKM di Desa Cibatu kecamatan Cikarang Selatan Kabupaten Bekasi ]]>
<![CDATA[Ida Farida]]>;
<![CDATA[Muhammad Luthfi Radian]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.2086
<![CDATA[Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are the most important pillar in the economic sector to dominate economic growth in Indonesia. Business legality is very necessary for MSMEs bisiness actors. The fact in the field is that there are still many business actors wh don’t have business legality. The Obstacles encountered include the lack of knowledge about business legality and the low education of MSMEs business actors. This has resulted in the inhibition of the development of MSMEs in Indonesia. In Government Regulation Number 7 of 2021 concerning the Ease of Protection and Empowerment of Cooperatives and MSMEs, it is stated that economic growth in Indonesia requires the empowernment and licensing of MSMEs. With the existence of the government regulation, the business license that has been designed in such a way by the Government to make it easier for business actors to issue their business legality. The legal issue that the author will examine is regarding the licensing of MSMEs that provide legal protection and realize a welfare state. MSMEs licensing as a form of legal protection is very important an has an impact, namely that the business license can be used for capital application with the aim of improving the MSMEs business for the better, being able to compete with other products in a larger market, getting assistance and empowerment from the Government so that it can realize a welfare state]]>
<![CDATA[Persetujuan Pasangan Kawin Dalam Pengalihan Aset Digital ]]>
<![CDATA[Nicolas Mario Gunawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Abdul Salam]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.2087
<![CDATA[Spousal Consent in the transfer of digital assets has not been specifically regulated in Indonesian laws and regulations. This raises questions regarding the urgency of this agreement compared to other transfers of assets that require spousal consent. This research was conducted on crypto asset buying and selling schemes as a new form of development of assets that are widely traded in Indonesia. In practice, buying and selling digital assets still uses digital platforms and is not accompanied by spousal consent. The research methodology used is a doctrinal research method with a descriptive-analytical research type. This research is based on secondary data through literature study in conjunction with applicable laws and regulations in Indonesia. This research aims to understand the existence of digital assets in Indonesian laws and regulations and the forms of asset transfer that require spousal consent in Indonesia to apply objects in the form of digital assets. Based on the research results, it was found that there is a legal vacuum regarding the regulation of spousal consent in buying and selling digital assets, so there is a need for a regulation that regulates spousal consent in joint property legal acts to guarantee legal certainty and the validity of digital asset transactions.]]>
<![CDATA[The Concept of Implementing The Policy of Rehabilitation of Drug Abuse Based On The Restorative Justice Approach By The Prosecutor's Office of The Republic Of Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Jadmiko, Widhi]]>;
<![CDATA[Y. A. Triana Ohoiwutun]]>;
<![CDATA[Ainul Azizah]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.2088
<![CDATA[This study discusses the policy of Guideline Number 18 of 2021 concerning the settlement of drug abuse cases through rehabilitation with a restorative justice approach as an implementation of the dominus litis principle by the Indonesian Attorney General's Office. The implementation of the drug abuse rehabilitation policy by the Indonesian Attorney General's Office based on the dominus litis principle is regulated in the Attorney General's Guideline Number 18 of 2021. This policy addresses the number of drug convicts that exceed capacity with a restorative justice approach. The dominus litis principle gives prosecutors great authority in controlling the legal process, including the decision to continue or stop prosecution based on sufficient evidence. In addition, this principle allows for the termination of prosecution if the perpetrator's actions are not considered a crime. This policy gives prosecutors the authority to determine legal settlements with rehabilitation, prioritizing the recovery of perpetrators and positive impacts on society. Rehabilitation focuses on changing the behavior of perpetrators through programs that help them overcome drug addiction and improve their social skills. In addition to providing legal protection and the rights of perpetrators, this approach also emphasizes the principle of fast, simple, and low-cost justice, and avoids complicated and expensive legal processes. The principle of restorative justice in this policy aims to improve the negative impacts of drug abuse, by emphasizing the physical, mental, social, and emotional recovery of perpetrators, so that they can return to being productive members of society.]]>
<![CDATA[Integrasi Hukum Adat dan Hukum Negara di Indonesia: Perspektif Mazhab Sejarah Hukum dalam Konteks Sosial Legal Pada Pembangunan Ibu Kota Nusantara IKN ]]>
<![CDATA[Gunawan, Abraham]]>;
<![CDATA[Rohmatilah, Roudoh]]>;
<![CDATA[Nurrahma Hartanty, Aissha]]>;
<![CDATA[Laras Dewi Prasasti, Rr Novaryana]]>;
<![CDATA[Rahman, Aisyah]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.2089
<![CDATA[The integration of customary law and state law in Indonesia is a major challenge in a complex and diverse legal context. This research examines the dynamics of such integration using the school of legal history approach, which highlights the role of history in shaping these two legal systems and their implications for the social and legal life of society. The study analyzes the development of customary law and state law from the past to the present, identifying common ground and potential conflicts between the two. Using quantitative methods and a literature review, this study investigates the integration of customary and state law in Indonesia. This research provides an in-depth understanding of the dynamics of customary law and state law and their implications for future legal policy. The results are expected to make a significant contribution in designing more effective and inclusive policies to support social harmony and legal justice in Indonesia.]]>
<![CDATA[Kriminalisasi Terhadap Perempuan Pelaku Aborsi Melalui Teori Feminisme ]]>
<![CDATA[Angie, Vivi]]>;
<![CDATA[Srihadiati, Triny]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.2090
<![CDATA[Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana kriminalisasi terhadap perempuan pelaku aborsi yang berfokus pada teori feminisme radikal. Praktik aborsi di Indonesia masih menjadi isu kontroversial, baik dari segi hukum maupun sosial. Berdasarkan data dari berbagai sumber, termasuk laporan WHO dan UNFPA, jumlah kasus aborsi di Indonesia berkisar antara 750.000 hingga 1.500.000 per tahun, dengan sekitar 2.500 kasus yang berujung pada kematian. Angka-angka ini menunjukkan bahwa praktik aborsi merupakan fenomena yang signifikan dan memerlukan perhatian khusus.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara dengan pihak terkait, observasi dan studi pustaka. Dalam konteks feminisme radikal, kriminalisasi aborsi dipahami sebagai upaya untuk mempertahankan dominasi patriarki. Oleh karena itu, revisi terhadap regulasi aborsi diperlukan untuk menjamin hak-hak reproduksi perempuan sebagai bagian dari perjuangan yang lebih besar untuk kesetaraan gender dan kebebasan. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi terhadap pembentukan kebijakan yang lebih adil dan mendukung hak-hak perempuan, serta mendorong diskusi lebih lanjut mengenai pentingnya perspektif feminis dalam analisis hukum dan kebijakan publik terkait isu aborsi.]]>
<![CDATA[Suspicious Financial Transactions from Initial Evidence of Customs Offenses ]]>
<![CDATA[Yuni Priskila Ginting]]>;
<![CDATA[Sabela, Louise Shania]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.2091
<![CDATA[This study focuses on the critical issue of suspicious financial transactions related to customs offenses in Indonesia. The research aims to analyze the evidence system for customs offenses, the utilization of suspicious financial transactions as initial evidence, and strategies to enhance the evidence system. Using a normative legal methodology, the study examines Indonesia's legislative frameworks and empirical case studies to interpret legal principles and regulations governing customs-related financial transactions. Results indicate that increased trade volume correlates with a rise in customs-related financial irregularities, leading to significant financial losses for the state. Effective monitoring and enforcement by customs authorities are crucial in combating these offenses. Recommendations include refining the regulatory framework for identifying suspicious transactions, enhancing the capabilities of customs and law enforcement agencies through training and technology, and strengthening international cooperation to effectively address cross-border financial crimes.]]>
<![CDATA[Pengalihan Objek Jaminan Fidusia yang Dilakukan Debitur Kepada Pihak Ketiga Berdasarkan Undang Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 1999 Tentang Jaminan Fidusia (Studi Kasus PT BCA Finance Cabang Tangerang) ]]>
<![CDATA[Achmad Rifalial Yudha]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.2093
<![CDATA[Penelitian ini membahas dampak pengalihan objek jaminan fidusia yang dilakukan oleh debitur tanpa persetujuan dari kreditur terhadap rasio Non-Performing Loan (NPL) di PT BCA Finance Cabang Tangerang. Bank memiliki peran penting dalam meningkatkan perekonomian nasional melalui fungsi utamanya sebagai lembaga yang mengumpulkan dan menyalurkan dana masyarakat. Namun, risiko bisnis, terutama terkait kredit, sering terjadi karena debitur tidak membaca atau tidak memahami isi dari perjanjian kredit, hal ini dapat berdampak buruk pada pertumbuhan ekonomi serta menyebabkan kredit bermasalah atau kredit macet. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan hukum normatif-empiris, penelitian ini mengumpulkan bukti-bukti primer dan sekunder melalui observasi lapangan, wawancara, dan studi kepustakaan. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif dan deskriptif. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, seringkali debitur tidak memahami syarat-syarat perjanjian, sehingga sering terjadi pengalihan objek jaminan fidusia tanpa izin kreditur. Pelanggaran ini menyebabkan peningkatan NPL, yang menunjukkan buruknya kualitas kredit bank. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, PT BCA Finance menerapkan langkah-langkah seperti pemeriksaan kelayakan debitur baru sebelum persetujuan pengalihan objek jaminan fidusia. Bank Indonesia menetapkan batas maksimum NPL sebesar 5%, dan penurunan rasio NPL penting untuk menjaga kesehatan bank serta menghindari kerugian operasional. Studi ini menyoroti pentingnya pemahaman debitur mengenai pengalihan objek jaminan fidusia berdasarkan UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 42 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG JAMINAN FIDUSIA agar terhindar dari jerat pidana dan untuk mencegah terjadinya kredit bermasalah yang berdampak terhadap kinerja bank.]]>
<![CDATA[Lagu yang Digunakan Tanpa Izin pada Fitur Reels Instagram untuk Kepentingan Komersil ]]>
<![CDATA[Arman, Muti Biandharani]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.2095
<![CDATA[Dalam era digital saat ini, platform-platform media terus berkembang, tidak hanya sebagai media sosial pribadi, saat ini platform media sosial seringkali digunakan sebagai media jual beli melalui konten kreatif. Salah satu platform media sosial yang digunakan yaitu Instagram. Platform Instagram awalnya dirancang sebagai media sosial pribadi yang membagikan foto dan video. Namun saat ini Instagram juga digunakan sebagai alat pemasaran yang efektif bagi pelaku bisnis. Hal tersebut dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan fitur-fitur yang ada di platform tersebut, salah satunya fitur Reels. penggunaan fitur Reels pada Instagram sebagai platform promosi komersial, yang seringkali melibatkan penggunaan lagu tanpa izin dari pemegang hak cipta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan memperoleh data dari studi kepustakaan yang meliputi undang-undang hak cipta, literatur hukum, serta analisis kasus-kasus terkait. Dari hasil penelitian terlihat bahwa platform Instagram sudah menerapkan ketentuan hukum dalam hak cipta, namun penerapan asas fair use dalam penggunaan lagu pada Reels Instagram untuk kepentingan komersial sangat terbatas. Rata-rata penggunaan lagu dalam konteks ini tidak memenuhi kriteria fair use, seperti tujuan dan karakter penggunaan, sifat karya yang digunakan, jumlah dan substansialitas bagian yang digunakan, serta dampak penggunaan terhadap pasar potensial atau nilai karya berhak cipta. Dari sudut pandang hukum hak cipta, penggunaan tanpa izin lagu pada Reels Instagram untuk kepentingan komersial merupakan pelanggaran hak cipta yang dapat dikenakan sanksi hukum. Disarankan agar pengguna platform ini memahami dan mematuhi ketentuan hukum yang berlaku serta mempertimbangkan izin atau lisensi dari pemegang hak cipta untuk menghindari konsekuensi hukum. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya kesadaran hukum dan tanggung jawab dalam menggunakan karya berhak cipta di media sosial untuk tujuan komersial.]]>
<![CDATA[Prosedur dan Efektifitas Mekanisme Penyelesaian Sengketa Perdagangan dan Investasi Dalam Asean ]]>
<![CDATA[Anggia Rettrisunz P I M Panjaitan]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.2097
<![CDATA[The Association of South-East Asian Nations Enhanced Dispute Settlement Mechanism (ASEAN EDSM), like the World Trade Organization's (WTO) Dispute Settlement Mechanism, recognizes trade countermeasures in the event of noncompliance with Panel and Appellate Body rulings. However, the harmed party may encounter stumbling obstacles while proposing an authorized trade countermeasure. The pitfall emphasizes the implications of not resolving the conflict. Meanwhile, ASEAN acknowledges a system that allows disputant states to present outstanding disputes to the ASEAN Summit under Article 26 of the ASEAN Charter. Furthermore, if the injured party is harmed as a result of the ASEAN dispute settlement decision's failure to be implemented, the injured party may raise the issue at the ASEAN Summit in accordance with Article 27(2) of the ASEAN Charter. This study looks into whether the involvement of the ASEAN Summit may help solve the post-adjudication problem in the ASEAN EDSM. The research methods include a literature review and a thorough reading of Articles 26 and 27 of the ASEAN Charter]]>
<![CDATA[Relevansi Badan Khusus dalam Penanganan Sengketa Pemilihan Umum Kepala Daerah di Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Sulistyowati, Sulistyowati]]>;
<![CDATA[Dewi Nadya Maharani]]>;
<![CDATA[Indri Palindangan]]>;
<![CDATA[Gusti Bintang Maharaja]]>
<![CDATA[ UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2024) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang ]]>
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DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.2098
<![CDATA[Election dispute management is a vital element in maintaining the integrity of the democratic process in Indonesia. Electoral conflicts can arise at various stages, from the nomination process, campaigning, voting, to the determination of election results. Therefore, it is very important to have an effective and fair mechanism to resolve such disputes. This study examines the mechanisms and institutions involved in the resolution of electoral disputes in Indonesia. Reviewing the development of regulations related to election disputes and efforts to improve the system that has been done, including the role of the Constitutional Court, the election supervisory board, and the General Election Commission. The author uses qualitative research methods by collecting data from various literature sourced from the internet. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of how to resolve electoral disputes, as well as to identify challenges and opportunities in the improvement of the electoral dispute resolution system. With a better understanding of existing mechanisms and regulations, it is expected to increase public confidence in the electoral process and strengthen democracy in Indonesia. This study evaluates various efforts that have been made to improve the electoral dispute resolution system, such as regulatory reform, capacity building of related institutions, and community participation in overseeing the electoral process. Thus, it is expected that the results of this study can contribute significantly to the development of the democratic system in Indonesia.]]>
