Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

Article Per Year (5 Year)

All

Menara Perkebunan

mpjurnal
Website

Published by Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

ISSN : 01259318 EISSN : 18583768 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry

Menara Perkebunan as a communication medium for research in estate crops published articles covering original research result on the pre- and post-harvest biotechnology of estate crops. The contents of the articles should be directed for solving the problems of production and/or processing of estate crops of smallholder, private plantations and state-owned estates, based on the three dedications of plantation. Analyses of innovative research methods and techniques in biotechnology, which are important for advancing agricultural research. Critical scientific reviews of research result in agricultural and estate biotechnology.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 541 Documents

14 15 16 17 18

Embriogenesis somatik langsung dan regenerasi planlet kopi arabika (Coffea arabica) dari berbagai eksplan Direct somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of arabica coffee plantlets (Coffea arabica) from different explants Fetrina OKTAVIA; . SWANTO; Asmini BUDIANI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 71, No 2: Desember 2003
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

SummaryTissue culture technique for arabica coffeefaces some problems, mainly in plantletsregeneration from cultured explants. Theobjectives of this experiment were to examine theeffect 2,4-D and 2-ip combinations on somaticembryogenesis and regeneration of arabicacoffee from several different explants. Basalmedium used in this experiment was MS mediumwith ½ concentration of macro and micro salts.Experiment to induce primary somatic embryos(SE) was arranged in factorial randomizedcomplete design with 10 repeats. The first factorwas the type of explants, leaf, epicotyl, hipocotyland root explants. The second factor was plantgrowth regulator i.e. combination of 1  M 2,4-Dwith 5, 10, 15, 20  M and combination of 5  M2,4-D with 5, 10, 15 and 20  M 2-ip. To multiplySE, secondary SE was induced from primary SEon medium containing combination of 0.6  MIAA and 13.3; 17.8 and 22.2  M BAP.Cotyledonary SE were germinated on mediacontaining GA 3 (0, 5, 10 and 15  M), and thenregenerated on medium free of growth regulator.Plantlets with 4-5 leaf pairs were transfered intothe soil medium for acclimatization. The resultsshow that primary SE can be induced from allexplants with the highest frequency on mediumcontaining 1  M 2,4-D and 15  M 2-ip.Induction of primary SE, in leaf explant wasmore effective than other explants. Mediumcontaining 0.6  M IAA and 22.2  M BAP gavethe highest percentage of SE multiplication i.e.52.6% with average SE number of 6.25. Plantletsregeneration can be conducted by culturing SEon maturation medium free of growth regulatorfor one month followed by germinating onmedium containing GA 3 , and then culturing onmedium free of growth regulator again. Thehighest percentage of germinated embryos wasobtained after three weeks and six weekscultured in the medium containing 5  M GA 3 , i.e49% and 90.15 respectively. From total plantletsobtained, 75% of them were normal. Sixtypercents of the young plants grew well in thegreenhouse.RingkasanTeknik kultur jaringan tanaman kopi arabikamasih menghadapi beberapa kendala terutamapada tingkat regenerasi planlet dari eksplan yangdikulturkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui pengaruh kombinasi 2,4-D dan 2-ipterhadap embriogenesis somatik dan regenerasikopi arabika dari berbagai eksplan. Media dasaryang digunakan adalah medium MS ½konsentrasi garam makro dan mikro. Percobaaninduksi embrio somatik (ES) primer disusunmenurut rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan10 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah jenis eksplan,erdiri atas daun, epikotil, hipokotil dan akar invitro. Faktor kedua adalah zat pengatur tumbuh,yaitu kombinasi 1 M 2,4-D dengan 5, 10, 15dan 20M 2-ip, serta kombinasi 5 M 2,4-Ddengan 5, 10, 15 dan 20 M 2-ip. Untuk mem-perbanyak jumlah ES yang didapatkan, dilakukaninduksi ES sekunder dari ES primer pada mediumyang mengandung kombinasi 0,6 M IAA dan13,3; 17,8 dan 22,2 M BAP. ES fase kotiledonkemudian dikecambahkan pada medium yangmengandung GA 3 (0, 5, 10 dan 15 M) danselanjutnya diregenerasikan pada medium tanpazat pengatur tumbuh. Planlet yang mempunyai4-5 pasang daun dipindahkan ke medium tanahuntuk aklimatisasi. Hasil yang diperolehmenunjukkan bahwa ES primer dapat diinduksipada semua eksplan yang digunakan denganfrekuensi tertinggi pada medium yang me-ngandung 1 M 2,4-D dan 15 M 2-ip. InduksiES primer pada eksplan daun lebih efektifdibandingkan eksplan lainnya. Untuk per-banyakan ES, medium yang mengandung IAA0,6 M dan BAP 22,2 M memberikanpersentase tertinggi pembentukan ES sekunderyaitu 52,6% dengan rata-rata jumlah ES 6,25.Regenerasi planlet dapat dilakukan denganmengkulturkan ES pada medium maturasi tanpazat pengatur tumbuh selama satu bulan, kemudiandikecambahkan dalam medium yang mengan-dung GA 3 , dan selanjutnya dipindah ke mediumtanpa zat pengatur tumbuh kembali.Perkecambahan ES tertinggi diperoleh padamedium dengan penambahan GA 3 5 M yaitu40,9% setelah tiga minggu dan 90,1% setelahenam minggu. Dari total planlet diperoleh 75%planlet normal. Hasil aklimatisasi menunjukkanbahwa 60% bibit mampu bertahan di rumah kaca.

Perangkat serologi untuk deteksi dini infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada kelapa sawit Serological device kit for early detection of Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm . SUHARYANTO; Deden Dewantara ERIS; Haryo Tejo PRAKOSO; A H SARAGIH; T W DARMONO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 80, No 1: Juni 2012
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

AbstractBasal stem rot caused by Ganoderma sp. is the most destructive disease in oil palm that difficult to control because its early symptom could not be detected easily. Serological technique that could detect early Ganoderma sp. infection in quick, simple, and cheap manner should be developed as one component for integrated disease management. A diagnostic device based on dot immunobinding assay (DIBA) for early detection of Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm had been observed at laboratory, greenhouse and field experiment. Study result revealed that serological technique could detect antigen protein extract of Ganoderma mycelium as much as 138 µg/mL. Basal stem of young seedling that artificially be inoculated by the pathogen could also be clearly detected. At field experiment, Ganoderma sp. infection in oil palm plantation was marked with colour marking based on its infection stadium level to the palm oil. The colours are green, yellow, red, black, and white stating that the plant are healthy, mild infection, heavy infection, very heavy infection, and dead, respectively. Field experiment result showed that serological device kit gave strong reaction to antigen extracted from root and stem at red marking plant. The antigen extracted from healthy plant (green marking plant) was the weak one indicating that the plant is starting to be infected although the symptoms are not yet visually observed. AbstrakBusuk pangkal batang (BPB) yang disebabkan oleh Ganoderma sp. merupakan penyakit paling penting yang sulit ditanggulangi pada tanaman kelapa sawit karena gejala dini serangan sulit diketahui. Teknik serologi yang mampu mendeteksi dini infeksi Ganoderma sp. secara cepat, sederhana dan murah perlu dikembangkan sebagai salah satu komponen dalam pengelolaan penyakit secara terpadu. Teknik serologi dalam bentuk perangkat diagnostik berbasis dot immunobinding assay (DIBA) telah dirakit untuk mendeteksi infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada skala laboratorium, rumah kaca, dan lapang. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa perangkat diagnostik tersebut dapat mendeteksi ekstrak protein dari miselium Ganoderma sp sebesar 138 µg/mL. Keberadaan patogen pada bibit kelapa sawit yang diinfeksi buatan dapat dideteksi secara jelas dengan perangkat serologi tersebut. Deteksi tingkat infeksi Ganoderma sp. pada kebun kelapa sawit TM (skala lapang) dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel berdasarkan stadium infeksi (sehat, ringan, berat, sangat berat, mati) yang diberi kriteria warna hijau, kuning, merah, hitam, dan putih. Hasil uji di kebun kelapa sawit menunjukkan bahwa teknik serologi ini memberikan reaksi paling kuat terhadap antigen yang diekstraksi dari akar dan batang tanaman kriteria merah. Sedangkan reaksi paling lemah ditunjukkan oleh antigen yang diekstraksi dari tanaman kelapa sawit kode hijau yang mengindikasikan bahwa tanaman tanaman kelapa sawit di lapangan tersebut mulai terserang walaupun gejala penyakit belum terlihat secara visual.

Induksi mutasi Stevia rebaudiana dengan perendaman kolkisin secara in vitro (Induced mutation of Stevia rebaudiana through colchicine soaking in vitro) Masna Maya SINTA; Ni Made Armini WIENDI; Syarifah Iis AISYAH
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 86, No 1 (2018): April, 2018
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Stevia rebaudiana Bert. is a plant producing steviol glycosides that have 200-300 times sweeter than sucrose. These steviol glycosides are produced in the leaves and then spread to all parts of the plant including stems. The use of superior stevia planting material is important for stevia sugar industry. One of the stevia breeding programme is to increase genetic diversity through colchicine soaking to produce polyploid plants. Polyploid plants usually have higher vigor than diploid plants. The purpose of this research was to induce genetic diversity of stevia through colchicine soaking in vitro. Single nodes of sterile stevia clone BS were soaked in colchicine at the concentration of 0.01; 0.02; 0.04; 0.08 and 0.1% for 48 and 72 hours, and in sterile aquadest as a control. Plantlet subcultures were done until MV4 (mutant vegetative 4). Putative mutants were observed by plantlet vigor and stomata analyses on MV5. Vigor of plantlets was observed by counting the number of leaves, nodes, roots, fresh weight and dry weight of the plantlet. Stomata analysis was performed by calculating stomata density, stomata size and chloroplast number in stomata guard cells. Results showed that colchicine soaking treatment increased significantly fresh weight and dry weight of putative mutants. Colchicine soaking treatment increased chloroplast number on stomata guard cell and stomata size, but decreased stomata density. Stevia soaked in colchicine for 48 hours at concentration 0.01-0.04% produce putative mutants with high chromosome numbers. [Key words: poliploidy, stomata, chloroplast, mutant]AbstrakStevia rebaudiana Bert. merupakan tanaman penghasil glikosida steviol yang memiliki tingkat kemanisan 200-300 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan sukrosa. Glikosida steviol ini diproduksi di daun yang kemudian disalurkan ke bagian tanaman lainnya termasuk batang. Penggunaan klon terbaik stevia merupakan salah satu kunci penting keberhasilan industri gula stevia. Salah satu program pemuliaan tanaman stevia adalah meningkatkan keragaman tanaman melalui mutasi dengan kolkisin sehingga menghasilkan tanaman poliploid. Tanaman poliploid umumnya memiliki vigor lebih baik dibandingkan tanaman diploid. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keragaman stevia melalui peren-daman kolkisin in vitro. Buku tunggal steril stevia klon BS direndam dalam kolkisin dengan konsentrasi 0,01; 0,02; 0,04; 0,08 dan 0,1% selama 48 dan 72 jam dengan perendaman dalam air steril sebagai kontrol. Sub kultur dilakukan hingga MV4 (mutan vegetatif 4). Pengamatan mutan putatif dilakukan meliputi analisis morfologi dan stomata pada MV5. Analisis morfologi dilakukan dengan mengamati jumlah daun, buku, akar, bobot basah serta bobot kering planlet. Analisis stomata dilakukan dengan menghitung kerapatan stomata, ukuran stomata serta jumlah kloroplas pada sel penjaga stomata. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa perendaman stevia pada kolkisin meningkatkan bobot basah serta bobot kering stevia in vitro. Perlakuan perendaman kolkisin meningkatkan jumlah kloroplas pada sel penjaga stomata serta ukuran stomata namun menurunkan kerapatan stomata. Perendaman stevia selama 48 jam pada konsentrasi kolkisin 0,01-0,04% menghasilkan mutan putatif dengan jumlah kromosom tertinggi.[Kata kunci: poliploidi, stomata, kloroplas, mutan]

Kloning parsial gen penyandi enoil-ACP reduktase dari mesokarp buah kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Partial cloning of gene encoding enoyl-ACP reductase from mesocarp of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Asmini BUDIANI; Djoko SANTOSO; Hajrial ASWIDINNOOR; Antonius SUWANTO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 72, No 1: Juni 2004
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Summary Enoyl-ACP reductase (ENR) is a component of fatty acid synthase (FAS) that is considered to play an important role in fatty acid elongation and oil accumulation of several plants. One of the proteins expressed coinciding with fruit development and oil accumulation in oil palm has been detected from the previous study and had homology with ENR. Therefore, as a part of genetic engineering program to improve oil content and quality in oil palm mesocarp, this research was aimed to clone cDNA conserved region of gene encoding enoyl-ACP reductase from oil palm mesocarp. Based on the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide that was homologous with ENR and combined with information of conserved region sequences of the same gene from other plant sources, primers were designed for amplifying conserved region of the ENR gene. Amplifi-cation was carried out by RT-PCR using total RNA as template, at several annealing temperatures and MgCl2 concentrations. Amplification product was cloned using pCR 2.1-TOPO, and the sequence was subjected into BlastN analysis. The results confirmed that the cloned cDNA fragment with 698 bp in size was the conserved region of the ENR gene. This sequence was highly homologous with the same gene from other plants such as Oryza sativa, Olea europaea, Brassica napus, Triticum aestivum and Arabidopsis thaliana with E-value 1e-96, 7e-77, 2e-64, 5e-41 and 3e-36, respectively. Based on this result, primers have been made and used to amplify the 5’- and 3’ ends of the ENR -cDNA of oil palm mesocarp. Ringkasan Enoil-ACP reduktase (ENR) merupakan salah satu komponen asam lemak sintase (FAS) yang berperan penting dalam pemanjangan asam lemak dan akumulasi minyak pada berbagai tanaman. Salah satu protein yang ter-ekspresi sejalan dengan tahapan perkembangan buah sawit dan akumulasi minyak pada penelitian sebelumnya diketahui mempunyai homologi dengan ENR. Oleh karena itu, sebagai salah satu bagian dari usaha rekayasa metabolisme minyak pada mesokarp buah sawit, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklon cDNA daerah konservatif gen penyandi ENR dari mesokarp buah sawit. Berdasarkan sekuen asam amino polipeptida yang mempunyai homologi dengan ENR dan dikombinasikan dengan hasil penjajaran daerah konservatif gen tersebut dari berbagai anaman lain, dirancang primer untuk amplifikasi daerah konservatif ENR. Amplifikasi dilakukan dengan RT-PCR menggunakan templat RNA total pada berbagai suhu penempelan dan konsentrasi MgCl2. Hasil amplifikasi dimurnikan dari gel dan diklon menggunakan vektor kloning pCR2.1-TOPO serta dianalisis nya menggunakan BlastN. Hasilnya mengkonfirmasi fragmen cDNA terklon berukuran 698 pb sebagai daerah konservatif ENR tersebut mempunyai homologi tinggi dengan gen yang sama dari O. sativa, O. europaea, B. napus, T. aestivum dan A. thaliana masing-masing dengan E-value 1e-96, 7e-77, 2e-64, 5e-41 dan 3e-36. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut telah dibuat primer spesifik untuk amplifikasi cDNA daerah ujung 5’- dan 3’- gen ENR dari mesokarp kelapa

Optimasi pengomposan tandan kosong kelapa sawit menggunakan dekomposer bakteri lignoselulolitik skala komersial Optimization of decomposition of empty fruit bunches oil palm using lignocellulolytic bacterialdecomposercomposting in commercial scale Happy WIDIASTUTI; Haryo Tejo PRAKOSO; . SUHARYANTO; . SISWANTO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 83, No 2: Desember 2015
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

AbstractDecomposition produces methane gas that contribute to greenhouse gas emissions. A research has been conducted to anticipate the occurrence of greenhouse gas emissions by composting of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) waste with aerobic systems using lignocellulolytic bacterial decom-posers (LCBD) in a commercial scale. Two of the activities carried out areoptimization of anaerobic decomposition (pre-treatment) process and optimization of anaerobic-aerobic decompositionin a scale of 50 tons and 780 tons. The results showed that the best pre-treatment is decomposition using fungal decomposer (Acticomp) in an open area and covered with a plastic. In the anaerobic-aerobic decomposition system on scale of 50 tons, the best treatment is using fungal decomposer (Acticomp) and lcbd both for four weeks each while on a scale of 780 tons showed that EFB decomposition on combination of anaerobic and aerobic decom-position system within two months and two weeks respectively produce compost with the C/N ratio of 20.5. The properties of compost was perfectly mature and producing the highest number of green bean germinated seeds.AbstrakPengomposan atau dekomposisi secara anaerob menghasilkan gas metan yang dapat me-nyumbang emisi gas rumah kaca.Untuk antisipasi terjadinya emisi gas rumah kaca telah dilakukan penelitian pengomposan limbah tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dengan sistem aerobik menggunakan dekomposer bakteri lignoselulolitik (DBLS)pada skala komersial. Dua kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah optimasi pengomposan anaerob (pre treatment) dan optimasi pengomposan anaerobik-aerobik masing-masing pada skala 50 ton dan 780 ton. Pada optimasi pengomposan dua faktor yang diuji adalah penggunaan dekomposer dan penutupan kompos sedangkan pada optimasi pengomposan anaerobik-aerobik diuji pengaruh penggunaan DBLS dan pengaruh penggunaan DBLS dan lama periode sistem pengomposan. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pre treatment terbaik adalah pengomposan dengan dekomposer jamur (Acticomp) di areal terbuka dan ditutup terpal. Perlakuan pada sistem anaerobik-aerobik skala 50 ton terbaik adalah pengomposan dengan dekomposer jamur (Acticomp) selama empat minggu dan dengan DBLS selama empat minggu sedangkan pada skala 780 ton menunjukkan bahwa pengomposan TKKS pada kombinasi antara pe-ngomposan dengan dekomposer jamur (Acticomp) dan DBLS masing-masing dalam waktu dua bulan dan dua minggu menghasilkan kompos TKKS dengan rasio C/N 20,5 dengan karakter matang sempurna dan mampu menghasilkan jumlah biji kacang hijau berkecambah tertinggi.

The Hevea brasiliensis AP2/ERF superfamily: from ethylene signalling to latex harvesting and physiological disease response Riza Arief PUTRANTO; Pascal MONTORO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 84, No 1: Oktober 2016
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Ethylene is a hormone known for its involvement in the process of latex harvesting in Hevea brasiliensis. It facilitates latex flow by activation of endogenous metabolism in the anastomosed latex cells called laticifers. In regard to its ambivalent role, ethylene is both favourable to the latex production and unfavourable, to a certain level, to the apparition of a physiological disease termed as tapping panel dryness (TPD). Comprehensive researches have been carried out to reveal the molecular actors in ethylene biosynthesis and signalling pathways in Hevea brasiliensis. One of the most important superfamily implicated as the last transcription factor known in plant ethylene signalling is the APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR (AP2/ERF). Currently, 114 unique sequences related to the Hevea AP2/ERF gene superfamily have been identified and characterized. Specific characterizations under the condition of harvesting stress and the occurrence of TPD have identified 36 gene expression markers (GEMs). Eighteen of these GEMs were predicted as ortholog with 19 Arabidopsis AP2/ERF genes. The characterization was mainly focused on transcriptional regulation, whilst potential post-transcriptional and post-translational regulations of HbAP2/ERF genes were formerly predicted. Three HbERF groups (HbERF-VII, HbERF-VIII and HbERF-IX) were hypothesized to have an important role in Hevea tolerance during latex production as they highly accumulated in laticifers and in response to multiple abiotic stresses. Further functional analysis of several key genes is suggested in order to fully understand the regulation of HbAP2/ERFs. Finally, the molecular markers for future Hevea breeding could be possibly developed from this superfamily.

Analisis sekuen DNA daerah 5’–EGAD1 dari buah kelapa sawit normal dan abnormal hasil kultur jaringan Analysis of DNA sequences of the 5’-flanking EGAD1 from normal and abnormal fruit from tissue culture derived oil palm Asmini BUDIANI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 78, No 2: Desember 2010
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Abstract Clonal propagation of oil palm through in vitro culture is a potential approach to fulfill the demand of oil palm elite planting materials. However, the incidence of floral abnormality known as “Mantled” from oil palm derived from in vitro culture which was around 5%-80%, hampered the commercialization of this clonal oil palm planting materials. EGAD1, a defensin gene detected in oil palm, was reported to be expressed in significantlyhigher in callus cultures initiated from mantledpalms compared with those obtained from normally flowering individuals. As a part of research work to develop a molecular marker for early detection of abnormality in oil palm derived tissue culture, this research was aimed to isolate and analyze the sequences of the 5’ flanking region of EGAD1 gene of the normal and mantled oil palm. The research was initiated by expression analysis of EGAD1 at the flower and fruit of normal and mantled phenotypes, followed by isolation of the 5’ flanking region of the gene by genomic PCR. The sequences of PCR product were then aligned by ClustalW from BioEdit. The results showed that mantled phenotype of flower and fruit accumulated mRNA EGAD1 higher than that of normal phenotype. Differences between the two DNA sequences were detected at the bases of 141, 188 dan 198, which implied on the differences of the restriction map. These differences give a possibility to develop a molecular marker for detection of the abnormality on oil palm derived from tissue culture, based on the RFLP technique.Abstrak Perbanyakan kelapa sawit melalui kultur jaringan merupakan salah satu pendekatan yang sangat potensial untuk memenuhi permintaan bibit unggul kelapa sawit. Namun terjadinya abnormalitas pembungaan yang dikenal sebagai bunga mantled pada tanaman kelapa sawit hasil kultur jaringan, menjadi hambatan komersialisasi bibit tersebut. Gen EGAD1, yaitu gen defensin yang diidentifikasi merupakan salah satu gen pada kelapa sawit yang ekspresinya dilaporkan jauh lebih tinggi pada kalus yang diinduksi dari tanaman kelapa sawit abnormal dibandingkan dengan pada kalus asal kelapa sawit normal. Sebagai bagian dari usaha pengembangan pelacak molekuler untuk deteksi dini abnormalitas kelapa sawit hasil kultur jaringan, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan menganalisis perbedaan sekuen DNA daerah 5’ flanking gen EGAD1 dari buah normal dan buah mantled. Penelitian dimulai dengan analisis ekspresi EGAD1 pada jaringan bunga dan buah normal dan mantled dengan RT- PCR, dilanjutkan dengan isolasi daerah 5’flanking EGAD1 dengan PCR genomik. Sekuen produk PCR kemudian disejajarkan melalui ClustalW BioEdit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bunga dan buah mantled mengakumulasikan mRNA EGAD1 lebih tinggi dibanding-kan dengan bunga dan buah normal. Terdapat perbedaan sekuen DNA pada daerah 5’ flanking dari gen tersebut antara buah normal dengan buah mantel, yaitu pada basa ke-141, 188 dan 198, yang berimplikasi pada perbedaan peta restriksi kedua sekuen. Hal ini memberi peluang untuk pengembangan suatu pelacak deteksi abnormalitas pada tanaman kelapa sawit hasil kultur jaringan, yang berbasis pada teknik RFLP.

Antagonisme beberapa bakteri endofit Arecaceae terhadap Curvularia sp. patogen penyebab bercak daun yang diisolasi dari tanaman kelapa kopyor (Antagonism of selected Arecaceae endophytic bacteria against Curvularia sp. leaf spot pathogen isolated from coconut kopyor) Deden Dewantara ERIS; Agus PURWANTARA; Abdul MUNIF; Bonny Poernomo Wahyu SOEKARNO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 86, No 2 (2018): Oktober 2018
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Coconut kopyor is one of the most important commodities. One of the problems in coconut kopyor cultivation is grey leaf spot disease caused by Curvularia sp. Using endophytic bacteria is one of the control technique that is environmentally friendly. A total of 40 selected endophytic Arecaceaebacteria isolated from coconut kopyor, palm oil, aren, nibung and pejibaye were tested for their inhibitory ability to Curvularia sp.through antibiotic and volatile organic compound (VOC)test.The antibiotic test showed that thirty three endophytic bacteria isolates have inhibitory capacity againstCurvularia sp. in a range of inhibition from 4.4% to 86.6%. Isolates with the highest inhibition were EAKSS 502, EAKSS 520 and EAKSS 507. VOC test showed that EAPJN 216, EAKSS 532, EAAPN 225, EAAPN 506, EAAPN 507 and EAAPN 557 were produced VOC that suppressed the growth of Curvulariasp fungal colonies in a range from 92.27% to 97.21%. Based on the best combination of antibiotic and production of volatile organic compound test, there were four potential isolates to inhibit the growth of Curvulariasp. in vitro i.e. EAKSS 502, EAKSS 507, EAKPN 201 and EAPJN 216. Those isolates were molecularly identified as Serratia marcescensstrain PIGB81, Burkholderiasp. DOP Ma316, S. marcescensstrain RY21 and S. marcescensstrain LB21.The four isolates were isolated from different plants such oil palm, coconut kopyor and pejibaye.[Keywords: antibiotics,Burkholderia,malforma-tion, Serratia,suppression, volatile compound]AbstrakKelapa kopyor saat ini menjadi salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang penting. Salah satu masalah dalam pembudidayaan kelapa kopyor adalah serangan penyakit bercak kelabu yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Curvulariasp. Penggunaan bakteri endofit merupakan salah satu cara control yang ramah lingkungan.Sebanyak 40 isolat bakteri endofit asal tanaman Arecaceaediisolasi dari tanaman kelapa kopyor, kelapa sawit, aren, nibung dan pejibaye diujikan kemampuan penghambatannya terhadap Curvulariasp. melalui uji antibiosis dan uji produksi senyawa organik volatil (VOC). Uji antibiosis menunjukkan se-banyak 33 isolat bakteri endofit menunjukkan daya penghambatan terhadap cendawan Curvulariasp. dengan kisaran 4,4%-86,6%. Penghambatan terbesar yakni isolat EAKSS 502, EAKSS 520 dan isolat EAKSS 507. Pengujian produksi senyawa organik volatil menunjukkan EAPJN 216, EAKSS 532, EAAPN 225, EAAPN 506, EAAPN 507 dan EAAPN 557 menghasilkan komponen volatil organik yang menekan pertumbuhan koloni cendawan Curvulariasp. pada kisaran 92,27%- 97,21%. Berdasarkan kombinasi data pengujian antibioisis dan produksi senyawa organik volatilterdapat 4 isolat bakteri endofit yang berpotensi menghambat perkembangan Curvulariasp. yaitu isolat EAKSS 502, EAKSS 507, EAKPN 201 dan EAPJN 216.Hasil identifikasi secara molekuler ke empat isolat tersebut berturut-turut adalah Serratia marcescens strain PIGB81,Burkholderia sp. DOP Ma316,S. marcescens strain RY21danS. marcescens strain LB21. Keempat isolat tersebut diisolasi daritanaman yang berbeda yakni kelapa sawit, kelapa kopyor dan pejibaye.[Kata kunci: antibiotik, Burkholderia,malformasi, penghambatan, Serratia,komponen volatil].

Penilaian mutu tanah secara cepat berdasarkan faktor penentu aktivitas biologinya Rapid assessment of soil quality as based on its biology activity determining factors Didiek Hadjar GOENADI
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 82, No 2: Desember 2014
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Abstract Agricultural practices are still heavily dependent on the use those socalled marginally-suitable soils with low soil fertility level. On the other hand, fertilization has been long known offering fertility solution, but it is indicative that its efficiency is low without soil amelioration. The conditions have been intensified by climatic change phenomena particularly increased atmospheric CO2 concentration which widely affects the soilbiological activity and crop performance as well. This review tries to discuss a thought to find the right method to assist management in determining the right solution for the problems encountered in the field based on soil and plant indicators. The method should be simple, fast, and reliable to express close relationship between soil characteristics and plant performance. The indicators should be those of very important soil characteristics determining soil biological activities as a measure for its fertility. Moreover, the indicators used must have highly sensitive to climatic change, anthropogenic activities, and their impacts on soil biological activity are significant. Soil organic matter (chemistry), bulk density, soil texture, and infiltration rate(physics), and worm population and soil respiration (biology) are main characters related to whole soil pro-ductivity. In addition, chlorophyll content and root density are the most potentiallyrelated indicators to crop performanceAbstrakKegiatan pertanian masih banyak tergantung pada pe-manfaatan tanah-tanah sub-optimal yang memiliki hambatan berupa rendahnya kesuburan tanah. Di sisi lain, pemupukan telah menawarkan solusi untuk mengatasinya, tetapi pada tanah-tanah seperti itu tidak akan banyak manfaatnya jika kemampuan tanah tidak diperbaiki. Kondisi ini diperparah dengan fenomena perubahan iklim, khususnya peningkatan kadar CO2 atmosfir yang berpengaruh luas terhadap aktivitas biologi tanah dan kinerja tanaman. Tulisan ini mengulas tentang perlunya perangkat pengambilan keputusan di lapangan untuk memilih solusi praktis yang tepat untuk me-nyelesaikan hambatan pertumbuhan dan/atau produksi tanaman dengan memanfaatkan indikator tanah dan/atau tanaman secara tepat. Metode yang dikembangkan adalah berdasarkan teknik penetapan yang mudah, cepat, dan cukup akurat dalam menggambarkan hubungan antara indikator terpilih dan kinerja tanaman. Indikator yang dimaksud adalah sifat tanah yang paling penting dalam menentukan aktivitas biologi di dalam tanah sebagai penanda dari kesuburan-nya.Selain itu, indikator yang digunakan harus cukup peka dalam menanggapi perubahan iklim dan perlakuan budidaya dan pengaruhnya nyata terhadap aktivitas biologi di dalam tanah. Kadar bahan organik tanah (kimia), bobot isi, tekstur tanah, dan laju infiltrasi (fisik), dan populasi cacing dan respirasi tanah (biologi) merupakan faktor tanah yang secara praktis mewakili daya dukung tanah secara keseluruhan. Di sisi lain, indikator tanaman yang diperkirakan memiliki hubungan erat dengan pertumbuhan dan produktivitas adalah kadar khlorofil daun dan kerapatan akar.

Pengaruh biostimulan terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman tebu varietas PSJT-941 [Effects of biostimulants on vegetative growth of sugarcane variety PSJT-941] Soekarno Mismana PUTRA; Paramitha SUSANTI; Dian Mutiara AMANAH; Binti Khurotul UMAHATI; Saptowo Jumali PARDAL; Djoko SANTOSO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 85, No 1 (2017): April, 2017
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

A plant biostimulan made of local seaweed, Citorin, has been developed and tested increase productivity some seasonal crops such as rice, maize, soybean, chilli and onion. The research aimed to evaluate the effects of the biostimulant application on vegetative growth and productivity of sugarcane varieties PSJT-941 in polybag. The biostimulant was applied at three different stages of development of the sugarcane. With or without the addition of humic acid based biostimulan or mycorrhiza. Biostimulant-R was applied at the time the cane seedlings just before planted by by soaking in 100 ppm biostimulan for overnight, plant sugarcane leaves sprayed aged 1 month to 10 ppm Biostimulant-S much 25 ml per plant, 4 months old foliar sprayed with Biostimulant-S 10 ppm as 120 ml per plant. Of the six treatments (P2 - P7) used all showed better vegetative growths that than the control plants without biostimulan (P1). The best treatment was P3, the rise in the average height of the plants reached 13%, which is a combination of soaking and spraying Biostimulant-S 10 ppm. The following best were the treatment of P6 and P5 those were using a combination of humic acid based biostimulan plus mycorrhiza, and humic acid without mycorrhizae. Likewise, its influence on the number of tillers, P3 is the best treatment by enhancing the number of tillers on average 26% higher than the control. Next was P5 and P6. Meanwhile the influence on the average weight of harvested sugarcane, the best treatment is P7 reached 1.25 kg / per sugarcane or increased 47.1%. Next is the treatment of P4 and P6. As for the effect on the sugar content, the best treatment is P4 reached 11.2 % Bix per sugarcane or increased 13.1 %. Next is the treatment of P5 and P7. Based on the results of the assessment scoring system of three parameters the rooting, weight and sugar yield, the best treatment is the treatment of P5 and P4 P7 later, each with a total score of 13, 12, and 10. [Keywords: Plant biostimulants, productivity, sugar yield, Saccharum officinarum]AbstrakBiostimulan tanaman berbasis rumput laut lokal, Citorin, telah dikembangkan dan diuji meningkatkan produktivitas beberapa tanaman pangan semusim antara padi, jagung, kedelai, cabe, dan bawang merah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meneliti pengaruh aplikasi biostimulan tersebut pada pertumbuhan vegetatif dan produktivitas tanaman tebu varietas PSJT-941 di polibeg. Biostimulan diaplikasi pada tiga tingkat perkembangan yang berbeda dari tanaman tebu. Dengan atau tanpa penambahan biostimulan berbasis asam humat atau mikoriza, Biostimulan-R, diaplikasikan pada saat bibit tebu yang akan ditanam, direndam terlebih dahulu dalam dosis 100 ppm selama semalam, tanaman tebu umur 1 bulan disemprot daun dengan Biostimulant-S 10 ppm sebanyak 25 ml per tanaman, umur 4 bulan disemprot daun dengan Biostimulan-S 10 ppm sebanyak 120 ml per tanaman. Dari enam perlakuan (P2 – P7) yang digunakan semuanya menunjukkan pertumbuhan vegetatif yang lebih baik daripada tanaman kontrol tanpa biostimulan (P1). Terhadap tinggi tanaman tebu umur perlakuan terbaik adalah P3, kenaikan tinggi rata-rata tanaman mencapai 13%, yaitu kombinasi perendaman dalam Biostimulan-R 100 ppm dan penyemprotan Biostimulan-S 10 ppm. Yang berikutnya adalah perlakuan P6 dan P5 yaitu menggunakan kombinasi biostimulan berbasis asam humat plus mikoriza, dan asam humat tanpa mikoriza. Demikian juga pengaruhnya terhadap jumlah anakan, perlakuan P3 adalah yang terbaik dengan peningkat jumlah anakan rata-rata mencapai 26% lebih tinggi daripada kontrol. Berikutnya adalah P5 dan P6. Sementara itu pengaruhnya terhadap rerata bobot batang tebu dipanen, perlakuan terbaik adalah P7 mencapai 1,25 kg/per batang atau naik 47,1%. Berikutnya adalah perlakuan P4 dan P6. Adapun pengaruhnya terhadap kandar gulanya, perlakuan terbaik adalah P4 mencapai 11,2 % Brix atau naik 13,1%. Berikutnya adalah perlakuan P5 dan P7. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian dengan sistem skoring dari 3 parameter perakaran, bobot panen dan rendemen gula, maka perlakuan terbaik adalah perlakuan P7 kemudian P5 dan P4, masing-masing dengan skor total 13, 12, dan 10. [Kata kunci: Biostimulan tanaman, produktivitas, rendemen gula, Saccharum officinarum]

Page 16 of 55 | Total Record : 541

14 15 16 17 18

Filter by Year

2000 2025

Filter By Issues

All Issue Vol. 93 No. 1 (2025): 93(1), 2025 Vol. 92 No. 2 (2024): 92(2), 2024 Vol. 92 No. 1 (2024): 92(1), 2024 Vol. 91 No. 2 (2023): 91 (2), 2023 Vol. 91 No. 1 (2023): 91 (1), 2023 Vol. 90 No. 2 (2022): 90 (2), 2022 Vol. 90 No. 1 (2022): 90 (1), 2022 Vol 90, No 2 (2022): Oktober, 2022 Vol. 90 No. 2 (2022): Oktober, 2022 Vol 90, No 1 (2022): April, 2022 Vol. 89 No. 2 (2021): 89 (2), 2021 Vol. 89 No. 1 (2021): 89 (1), 2021 Vol 89, No 2 (2021): Oktober, 2021 Vol 89, No 1 (2021): April, 2021 Vol. 88 No. 2 (2020): 88 (2), 2020 Vol. 88 No. 1 (2020): 88 (1), 2020 Vol 88, No 2 (2020): Oktober,2020 Vol 88, No 1 (2020): April, 2020 Vol. 87 No. 2 (2019): 87 (2), 2019 Vol. 87 No. 1 (2019): 87 (1), 2019 Vol 87, No 2 (2019): OKTOBER, 2019 Vol 87, No 1 (2019): April, 2019 Vol. 86 No. 2 (2018): 86 (2), 2018 Vol. 86 No. 1 (2018): 86 (1), 2018 Vol 86, No 2 (2018): Oktober 2018 Vol 86, No 1 (2018): April, 2018 Vol. 85 No. 2 (2017): 85 (2), 2017 Vol. 85 No. 1 (2017): 85 (1), 2017 Vol 85, No 2 (2017): Oktober 2017 Vol 85, No 1 (2017): April, 2017 Vol. 84 No. 2 (2016): 84 (2), 2016 Vol. 84 No. 1 (2016): 84 (1), 2016 Vol 84, No 2 (2016): Desember 2016 Vol 84, No 1: Oktober 2016 Vol. 83 No. 2: 83 (2), 2015 Vol. 83 No. 1: 83 (1), 2015 Vol 83, No 2: Desember 2015 Vol 83, No 1: Juni 2015 Vol. 82 No. 2: 82 (2), 2014 Vol. 82 No. 1: 82 (1), 2014 Vol 82, No 2: Desember 2014 Vol 82, No 1: Juni 2014 Vol. 81 No. 2: 81 (2), 2013 Vol. 81 No. 1: 81 (1), 2013 Vol 81, No 2: Desember 2013 Vol 81, No 1: Juni 2013 Vol. 80 No. 2: 80 (2), 2012 Vol. 80 No. 1: 80 (1), 2012 Vol 80, No 2: Desember 2012 Vol 80, No 1: Juni 2012 Vol. 79 No. 2: 79 (2), 2011 Vol. 79 No. 1: 79 (1), 2011 Vol 79, No 2: Desember 2011 Vol 79, No 1: Juni 2011 Vol. 78 No. 2: 78 (2), 2010 Vol. 78 No. 1: 78 (1), 2010 Vol 78, No 2: Desember 2010 Vol 78, No 1: Juni 2010 Vol. 77 No. 2: 77 (2), 2009 Vol. 77 No. 1: 77 (1), 2009 Vol 77, No 2: Desember 2009 Vol 77, No 1: Juni 2009 Vol. 76 No. 2: 76 (2), 2008 Vol. 76 No. 1: 76 (1), 2008 Vol 76, No 2: Desember 2008 Vol 76, No 1: Juni 2008 Vol. 75 No. 2: 75 (2), 2007 Vol. 75 No. 1: 75 (1), 2007 Vol 75, No 2: Desember 2007 Vol 75, No 1: Juni 2007 Vol. 74 No. 2: 74 (2), 2006 Vol. 74 No. 1: 74 (1), 2006 Vol 74, No 2: Desember 2006 Vol 74, No 1: Juni 2006 Vol. 73 No. 2: 73 (2), 2005 Vol. 73 No. 1: 73 (1), 2005 Vol 73, No 2: Desember 2005 Vol 73, No 1: Juni 2005 Vol. 72 No. 2: 72 (2), 2004 Vol. 72 No. 1: 72 (1), 2004 Vol 72, No 2: Desember 2004 Vol 72, No 1: Juni 2004 Vol. 71 No. 2: 71 (2), 2003 Vol. 71 No. 1: 71 (1), 2003 Vol 71, No 2: Desember 2003 Vol 71, No 1: Juni 2003 Vol. 70 No. 2: 70 (2), 2002 Vol. 70 No. 1: 70 (1), 2002 Vol 70, No 2: Desember 2002 Vol 70, No 1: Juni 2002 Vol. 69 No. 2: 69 (2), 2001 Vol. 69 No. 1: 69 (1), 2001 Vol 69, No 2: Desember 2001 Vol 69, No 1: Juni 2001 Vol. 68 No. 2: 68 (2), 2000 Vol. 68 No. 1: 68(1), 2000 Vol 68, No 2: Desember 2000 Vol 68, No 1: Juni 2000 More Issue

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name
Hayati Minarsih

Contact Email
menaraperkebunanppbbi@gmail.org

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
menaraperkebunan@iribb.org

Editorial Address
Jalan Taman Kencana No.1 Bogor 16128, Jawa Barat

Location
Kab. bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

Reviewer

Google Scholar

Contact Name Hayati Minarsih

Contact Email menaraperkebunanppbbi@gmail.org

Phone -

Journal Mail Official menaraperkebunan@iribb.org

Editorial Address Jalan Taman Kencana No.1 Bogor 16128, Jawa Barat

Location Kab. bogor, Jawa barat INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Contact Name
Hayati Minarsih

Contact Email
menaraperkebunanppbbi@gmail.org

Phone
-

Journal Mail Official
menaraperkebunan@iribb.org

Editorial Address
Jalan Taman Kencana No.1 Bogor 16128, Jawa Barat

Location
Kab. bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA