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Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 14104830 EISSN : 25021966 DOI : -

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Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya (JMB) or Journal of Society and Culture is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to be an authoritative academic source on the study of society and culture. We publish original research papers, review articles, case studies, and book reviews focusing on Indonesian society, cultural phenomena, and other related topics. A manuscript describing society and culture outside Indonesia is expected to be analyzed comparatively with the issues and context in Indonesia. All papers will be reviewed rigorously at least by two referees. JMB is published three times a year, in April, August , and December.

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Articles 869 Documents

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Papua dari Masa ke Masa: “Zaman Batu” hingga Masa Kini Sukmawati, MA, Anggy Denok
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol. 20 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Judul : From ‘Stone-Age’ to ‘Real-Time’ Exploring Papuan Temporalities, Mobilities and Religiosities Penulis : Martin Slama dan Jenny Munro (ed.) Penerbit : Australian National University Press Tahun Terbit : 2015 Jumlah Halaman : xiii + 270

PENGEMBANGAN PEMILIKAN MODAL BERSAMA SARANA PENANGKAPAN (CAPITAL SHARING) DI KALANGAN NELAYAN MISKIN Wahyono, Ary
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 6, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Over exploitation in northern coast of Java is a crucial problem. Serious efforts are badly needed to reduce this problem. This paper will propose one of the solutions to overcome this problem that is developing a collective capital sharing scheme. The proposal is constructed by two assumptions. The first assumption is that one of the core problems of over fishing is the (over-) density of fishing boats in northern coast of Java. The second and that the boat overdensity is caused by private boat ownership which stimulates fishermen to operate as many boats as possible to take the commons marine resources at maximum level. I will argue that communal capital sharing will reduce this tendency and, to the contrary to the private property practice, it will stimulate the spirit of communalism favouring a more fair and sustainable fishing practices.

RELASI MASYARAKAT DAN PERUSAHAAN SARI BUMI KUSUMA (SBK) DALAM PENGELOLAAN HUTAN DI HULU SUNGAI KATINGAN, KALIMANTAN TENGAH Efendy, Oscar; Royyani, Mohammad Fathi; Sukur, Abdul
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan relasi antara masyarakat dan perusahaan kehutanan yang memiliki izin konsesi di Kalimantan Tengah. Terdapat masyarakat yang sudah lama tinggal di dalam kawasan konsesi tersebut. Diantara bentuk relasi antara kedua pihak adalah adanya kesepakatan bahwa swasta memberikan pelayanan sosial kepada masyarakat, selain sebagai bentuk tanggung jawab sosial juga sebagai ruang baru bagi swasta untuk berelasi dengan masyarakat. Dengan menggunakan konsep-kritis tentang negara, artikel ini berusaha menjelaskan cara perusahaan berperan sebagai negara pada satu sisi sedangkan di sisi lain tetap berorientasi keuntungan. Melalui pembahasan mengenai program-program yang diberikan, artikel ini berargumen bahwa peran-peran swasta dalam memberdayakan dan membangun masyarakat adalah bagian dari sistem produksi. This paper aims to discuss the relation between local peoples and private sector who has forest concession in Central Kalimantan. There are local peoples living for years in the concession area. Onetype of interaction between those two parties is private sector should empower and develop local people. This commitment is a ‘new space’ for private sector to relate with local people. Using critical state theories, I will explain how private sector act like a state in one side and maintain the profit oriented side on the other side. Through discussion about empowering programs, I argue that private sector roles in empowering and developing local people are part of their production system.

ETNOGRAFI: MEMBUAT DATA BERCERITA Kleden-Probonegoro, Ninuk
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 14, No 1 (2012)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

This article aims to show how one can organize ethnographic data in such a way that these data can “tell a story”. As a social and human science method ethnography has been used by almost all researchers of socio-cultural problems in a manner in which it is treated as something given as if anything could go in it and it can be interpreted according to one’s own will. As a result, ethnography is deprived of its own meaning, and loses its nature as a means of story-telling while lacking its ability to account for the story it produces. This is the reason which has motivated my effort to objectify in this article what an ethnography should be like and how as a social science method it can describe a socio-cultural reality or an imagination, and even can make an imagination the very reality which a thick description can bring about. Qualitative ethnographic data can tell a story at diagnostic or interpretive level. In so doing ethnographic descriptions become accountable because these are based on an epistemological ground.

KEMISKINAN DAN ADAPTASI MASYARAKAT NELAYAN PADA EKOSISTEM DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI LEMPUING, SUMATERA SELATAN : Suatu Pembedahan Fenomena Sosial Menggunakan Perspektif Ekologi Nasution, Zahri
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 7, No 2 (2005)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Fishermen society as a social system and Lempuing river basin ecosystem as an ecological system has been interacting and influencing each other. They interaction were producing a fishermen society poverty phennomena. Negative impacts on river basin ecosystem has been influencing fisheries activities. These impacts on river basin ecosystem namely loss energy and material sources were occuring. Than, prosperity of the fishermen society were decrease. In this case, selection and adaption concept of Rambo is useful to used in order to explanation that phennomena. Energy and material input from social system and other wise, any changes on social system or ecological system are discussion in this paper. At the end, the fishermen poverty, they adaptation, fish species tolerances to the Lempuing river basin ecosystem are also disscussed.

PENGENDALIAN ALIH GUNA TANAH SAWAH KE NONPERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG, JAWA BARAT MELALUI PERATURAN DESA Sidipurwanty, Eliana
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 18, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Luas tanah sawah di Kabupaten Bandung Provinsi Jawa Barat mengalami penurunan, karena beralihguna menjadi tanah nonpertanian.Tulisan ini menggunakan studi pustaka untuk menggambarkan alih guna tanah sawah ke nonpertanian dan pengendaliannya di Kabupaten Bandung.Penetapan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (LP2B) yang diamanatkan dalam Undang-undang untuk mengendalikan laju penurunan luas tanah sawah belum dilakukan di Kabupaten Bandung, namun sudah ada upaya untuk menetapkannya melalui rapat-rapat koordinasi antarinstansi terkait. Hasil pertemuan adalah kajian tentang luas tanah sawah yang akan ditetapkan menjadi LP2B dan rencana untuk membuat peta lahan hijau abadi. Pengendalian alih guna tanah sawah sebenarnya telah dilakukan melalui Peraturan Daerah Nomor 3 Tahun 2008 tentang RTRW Kabupaten Bandung Tahun 2007-2027, walau belum sepenuhnya mengendalikan alih gunat anah sawah ke nonpertanian. Upaya pengendalian alih guna tanah sawah ke nonpertanian sudah dilaksanakan oleh dua pemerintahan desa melalui Peraturan Desa (Perdes) yaitu Perdes Sangkanhurip No. 2 Tahun 2010 tentang Rencana Kawasan Pertanian Lahan Basah Abadi dan Perdes Sumbersari No. 4 Tahun 2014 tentang Kawasan Pertanian Lahan Basah.PeranKantor Pertanahan Kabupaten Bandung dalam mengendalikan alih guna tanah sawah ke nonpertanian melalui Pertimbangan Teknis Pertanahan merupakan salah satu syarat dalam pemberian izin lokasi di Kabupaten Bandung.Upaya selanjutnya adalah mendorong lahirnya Perda Lahan Abadi untuk Pertanian,agar alih guna tanah sawah tidak mengganggu produksi padi di Kabupaten Bandung. Paddy field in Kabupaten Bandung West Java Province is decreasing because of land conversion from paddy field to nonfarm. This paperuses literature review to draw the land conversion from paddy fields to nonfarm and the control in Bandung Regency. Results show the failure implementation of Food Agricultural Land Sustainability (LP2B). In order to implement LP2B, Bandung Regency has calculated the paddy fields and made evergreen land map. The control of land conversionactually has been conducted through Local Regulation Number 3 Year 2008 about Regional Spatial Plan of Bandung Regency in 2007-2027. In fact, that regulation can not fully control the land conversion from paddy fields to nonfarm. However, there are at lease two village governmentsin Bandung Regency that are able to control the land conversion through village regulations. Those are Sangkanhurip Village Regulation Number 2 Year 2010 about Perennial Wetland Agricultural Areas Plan and Sumbersari Village Regulation Number 4 Year 2014 about Wetland Agricultural Areas. The role of Land Office in Bandung Regency to control the paddy field conversion through the Land Technical Recommendation should be strengthened. That recommendation is one of substantial requirements to get location permit. Furthermore, the next step is encouraging local government to publish local regulations of LP2B.

REFLEKSI KONFLIK ANTARA ULAMA DAN UMARA PADA ABAD KE-19M; TELAAH ATAS NASKAH SIRAJUDDIN Fakhriati, Fakhriati
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 17, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Historically, Acehnese almost constantly struggled with conflicts. It is recorded that between ulamas (Sufi and Syar’i’s ulamas) had often in disagreement among themselves. The conflict also occured between ulamas and uleebalangs or umara. Not only that, conflict that led people to defend their religion and the nation cannot be avoided when the colonizers tried to enter and dominate Aceh. In this situation, the role of ulamas cannot be denied at all. They took important position as catalysts and mobilizers in the struggle against the colonizers. This information is not only obtained from secondary sources, but also from those directly involved in the conflict. Manuscript of Sirajuddin written by Teungku Muhammad Ali Pulo Pueb, an ulama came from Pidie, Aceh and lived in the 19th century, contains historical facts about several conflicts in Aceh. This Acehnese manuscript would be an interesting subject of study about several conflicts in Aceh because on the one hand the author discussed about Sufi teaching, and on the other, he illustrated the reality of conflict that occurred at that time. Comparison on how other two ulamas, Fakih Jalaluddin and Teungku Khatib Langgien, dealt with the conflict is also discussed in this article in order to understand to what extent of their defends, speaking up for religion, looking after their nation, and also involved in the conflict growth in Colonial era. Keywords: conflict, ulama, umara, manuscript, sufism

KEMISKINAN DALAM MASYARAKAT NELAYAN Imron, Masyuri
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 5, No 1 (2003)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Most fishermen live in poverty. They manifest in several dimensions: economic, social culture and politic. It also cover both family poverty and physical infrastructure. Many factors affected fishermen poverty. The first is their traditional gear, and the second is their dependence upon tengkulak (fish trader). In some cases, the existence of TPI (Fish Auction Place) contributes to impoverish them. For labour, this condition especially for labour fishermen make their life more difficult, because of unjustice producion sharingt. To increase their income, developing fishing gear capacity is a necessity. Their dependence upon tengkulak should also be minimized to develop fishermen bargaining position. It is also supported by restructuration of share product system, to be more favorable to labours. It is important to make fishermen as a subject in development. It means that they should be invited to discuss their problem, as well as solutions based on their aspiratio, because development is not only in economic terms, but how to make the poor to be more human.

PERILAKU KERJA PENGRAJIN TENUN TRADISIONAL: KASUS DI DESA SILUNGKANG Siburian, Robert
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 3, No.1 (2000)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

This article describes the behaviour of textile entreprises in Silungkang, West Sumatra. These textile entreprises have been developing for a long time and still exist up to present. The Silungkangs are famous among the Minangkabau ethnic group, but they do not have a cooperative spirit. They work individually, and are difficult to trust other people outside they. They would nOl receive any information from outside ,even it is for their own sake of business. This individualistic behaviour is called in Minangkabau 'galir'.

SERUMPUN SEBALAI DI SMK TUNAS HARAPAN BANGSA Qoyim, Ibnu
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 12, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

This article reviews a harmonious pluralistic society in Pangkalpinang, Bangka, represented by a school named Tunas Harapan Bangsa.It was already wellknown that Pangkalpinangis a city that developed by a variety of groups, in term of ethnicity, religion and culture. The plurality is a social reality that shaped Pangkalpinangpeople to develop awareness among themselves about the importance of unity and harmonious living in their ecological settlement. They fully settled in a region with a “unity in diversity” which they express in a term known as “Serumpun Sebalai”, which mean “one place for various groups”. The term describes a complete unity among different ethnic, religious and cultural groups. Such condition is a dreamed reality of many Indonesians, something that is not easily realized elsewhere in Indonesia. Keywords: serumpun sebalai, SMK Tunas Harapan Bangsa, pluralistic society

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