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Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

ISSN : 14104830 EISSN : 25021966 DOI : -

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Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya (JMB) or Journal of Society and Culture is a peer-reviewed journal that aims to be an authoritative academic source on the study of society and culture. We publish original research papers, review articles, case studies, and book reviews focusing on Indonesian society, cultural phenomena, and other related topics. A manuscript describing society and culture outside Indonesia is expected to be analyzed comparatively with the issues and context in Indonesia. All papers will be reviewed rigorously at least by two referees. JMB is published three times a year, in April, August , and December.

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Articles 869 Documents

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HALAIK THE RELIGION OF TAU TAA VANA Hisyam, Muhammad
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 17, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Tau Taa Vana is a minority ethnic group living in Dataran Tinggi Bulang, Central Sulawesi. There are around 1500 inhabitants. They believe in Pue, their only God, and practice Halaik, a local customary religion. According to them, custom (adat) is the same as religion. Halaik, literally means belief. For the people of Tau Taa Vana, custom, tradition, and traditional medication are united as a religion system. Kapongo is the main ritual that provides offerings (sesaji) consisting of betel, areca nut, and lime to the super natural essence or Pue. These offerings are delivered in every special occasion, such as hunting, planting, harvesting, medicating, building house, and ceremonial feast. However, they have no church, no temple, and no regular worship. They can pray anytime and anywhere in various ways. Halaik is a genuine belief that has been practiced by Tau Taa Vana since a long time ago. In the past five decades, however, some of them have converted to be Muslims as well as Christians. Nevertheless, to the present days they still faithfully practice Halaik, their old religion. Keywords: Halaik, Kapongo, Pue, Dataran Tinggi Bulang

JMB Vol.20 No.2 2018 JMB, JMB
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 20, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

PEMIKIRAN KOSMOPOLIT GUS DUR DALAM BINGKAI PENELITIAN KEAGAMAAN Usman, Usman
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 10, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Judul Buku : Islam Kosmopolitan, Nilai-Nilai Indonesia & Transformasi Kebudayaan Penulis : KH Abdurrahman Wahid Editor : Agus Maftuh Abegebriel Penerbit : The Wahid Institute Cetakan : I, 2007 Tebal : xxxviii + 397 halaman

KEBEBASAN INDIVIDU MANUSIA ABAD DUA PULUH: FILSAFAT EKSISTENSIALISME SARTRE Tambunan, Sihol Farida
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 18, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Existentialism was a label for many philosophical thoughts developed in the World War I and II. It becomes a break-through against the traditional ways of thinking, namely essentialism considering empirism and rationalism and the ontology of rationalistic being as the only ways of thinking. The traditional thinkers has agreed to dismish any possibility to change the answer to the question of being. The existentialist thinker made a revolt against that traditional philosopher of essentialism which had developed since the era of Plato and Aristoteles as a deterministic philosophy. Jean-Paul Sartre, well-known French philosopher was one of existentialist thinker who discusses human as an existential subject. According to him, existentialism was also a philosophy of being, but he resists rationalizing it. In his thought, existentialism is the personal experience of human as a subject. He calls ‘etre-en soi’ for human conciousness object and etre pour-soi for human consciousness. The purpose of human existensialist, according to him, is to be etre-ensoi-etre pour soi’ or the fully consciousness in the self. Subjectivism of human being was becoming the focus of thinking creating a new scientific mainstream called psychology. Keywords: Existentialism, Anti-deterministic, World War, Psichology and Subjectifism, Being And Nothingnes ( L’Etre et Neant.) Eksistensialisme merupakan sebuah label yang diberikan terhadap banyak pemikiran filsafat yang berkembang pada Perang Dunia I dan II. Aliran ini mendobrak aliran pemikiran tradisional sebelumnya yaitu Esensialisme yang hanya menganggap empirisme dan rasionalisme serta ontologi rasional tentang ‘ada’ sebagai hakikat pemikiran. Pemikir-pemikir tradisional telah menyepakati untuk menghilangkan setiap kemungkinan yang mengubah pertanyaan tentang ‘ada’. Pemikir-pemikir Eksistensialis melakukan revolusi terhadap para Filsuf Esensialis yang telah berkembang selama berabad-abad sejak zaman Plato dan Aristoteles sebagai suatu bentuk filsafat yang deterministik. Jean-Paul Sartre, filsuf Perancis yang terkenal adalah salah satu pemikir Eksistensialis yang membicarakan manusia sebagai subjek yang eksistensial. Menurutnya, Eksistensialisme juga merupakan filsafat tentang ‘ada’, tetapi dia menolak untuk membakukannya menjadi satu-satunya hakikat pemikiran. Ia menganggap bahwa Eksistensialisme merupakan pengalaman personal manusia sebagai subjek. Dia menyebut ‘etre-en soi’ terhadap objek kesadaran manusia dan ‘etre-pour soi’ terhadap kesadaran manusia itu sendiri. Tujuan kesadaran manusia menurut Sartre adalah menjadi ‘etre-en soi- etre-pour soi’ atau ‘kesadaran yang penuh pada dirinya.’ Subjektivitas manusia menjadi fokus pemikiran yang melahirkan aliran ilmu pengetahuan terbaru yaitu Psikologi. Kata kunci: Eksistensialisme, Anti Deterministik, Perang Dunia, Psikologi, Subjektivisme, Ada dan tiada (L’Etre et le Neant).

PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT VERSUS PEMERINTAH TERHADAP LAYAK GUNA AIR: STUDI KASUS KALI JAGIR KELURAHAN NGAGELREJO SURABAYA Husain, Sarkawi B.
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 16, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Jagir River is one of the three important rivers in Surabaya, which provides the basic need of clean water for the citizens of Surabaya and its surroundings. However, the water has low quality, proved by the limp, dead, and floating fish on the river. In fact, some people still use it for their daily lives, from washing their clothes, bathing, defecating, to ablution. The question is why those people are still willing to use the poor water there for their daily needs. Does not the government perceive it as being polluted with various wastes? Using an ethnoecological approach, this paper aims to discuss the different perceptions between the government and the society about the river as well as the water quality of Jagir River. For the government, this river has two functions, namely (1) to divide and to control the water volume of Mas River in order to prevent the flood in Surabaya; and (2) to provide water for Perusahaan Daerah Air Minum/Regional Company for Drinking Water (PDAM) Surabaya in order to be produced as drinking water. Meanwhile, for those living in the riverside, Jagir River has four patterns of usage. Those are (1) spraying and watering, (2) cleaning, (3) performing ablution, and (4) taking recreation and earning a living. Keywords: perception, society, government, worthy-usable, water, Kali Jagir

PENGETAHUAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT SULAWESI UTARA DALAM PEMANFAATAN POHON HUTAN SEBAGAI BAHAN OBAT TRADISIONAL Arini, Diah Irawati Dwi
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 19, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengetahuan tradisional masyarakat di Sulawesi Utara yang diwakili oleh tiga etnis besar yaitu Minahasa, Bolaang Mongondow, dan Sangir terhadap pemanfaatan berbagai jenis pohon hutan sebagai bahan baku pengobatan tradisional mulai dari jenis, bagian yang dimanfaatkan cara pemanfaatan, dan evaluasi terhadap status kelangkaan pohon yang dimanfaatkan. Ditemukan sebanyak 46 jenis pohon hutan yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku pengobatan tradisional dimana kulit kayu merupakan bagian pohon yang paling banyak digunakan dalam pengobatan. Pemanfaatan masih sangat sederhana dan belum sampai pada tahap komersialisasi. Pewarisan ilmu pengobatan diperoleh secara turun temurun dan hanya secara lisan. Dari ke 46 jenis pohon diketahui hanya satu yang dikategorikan sebagai pohon terancam punah secara global yaitu small-leaved mahagony. Hal ini menjadikan perlunya solusi berupa budidaya tanaman agar pemanfaatan baik kayu maupun non-kayu tidak langsung mengambil dari alam namun dari hasil budidaya. This paper aims to identify the traditional knowledge of people in North Sulawesi, represented by three major ethnics, there are Minahasa, Bolaang Mongondow and Sangir, on the use of various types of forest trees as raw materials of traditional medicine ranging from the type, part of utilized, the way of utilization, and evaluation of the status of the scarcity of trees which is utilized. There are 46 species of forest trees that used as raw materials of traditional medicine where the bark is the most widely used in traditional medicine. Utilization is still very simple and has not reached the commercialization stage. Inheritance of medicine is obtained from generation to generation and only orally. Of the 46 tree species known, only one that is categorized as a globally threatened tree, that is small-leaved mahagony. This issue required solution in the form of cultivation of plants for the utilization, both wood and non-wood, so it does not directly taken from nature but from the cultivation.

PENGGUNAAN SEJARAH LISAN DALAM HISTORIOGRAFI INDONESIA Erman, Erwiza
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 13, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

The professional historians tend to gather information more on the sources of archives and other documentary materials than unwritten sources through interviews. However, since the emergence of oral history in the 19th century in the West, the ongoing debates have been occurring between the pros and the cons with the use of oral sources for writing history. Nevertheless, the oral history activity continues, beginning from its focus on elite experience as found in the United States in 1948, to the experience of ordinary people in Britain in the 1950s and 1960s. Advances in recording technology and new approaches of other social disciplines such as antropology and sociology to oral history, have given a broad influence on historians in third world countries, including Indonesia. Gathering information from oral history, new data found and new historical analysis can be made. This paper tries to see the use and development of oral history in Indonesia. The first section will map the development of Indonesian historiography very briefly and the problem of sources. The next section focuses on the development of oral history in the West and then its influence in Indonesia. The third section describes the use of oral history and its approach, and finally concludes with some closing notes.Keywords: Indonesian historiography, oral history, object, context.

DI SEKITAR MASALAH AGAMA DAN KOHESI SOSIAL:PENGALAMAN DAN TANTANGAN Abdullah, Taufik
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 11, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Religion is the sacred relationship between human-being and the transcendent concept of Gidhead. But as a social and cultural phenomenon, religion is the strongest factor that determines the form and the strength of social integration and cohesion. In a plural society religion can become a barrier to an undifferentiated social cohesion. Looking religion as the sacred foundation of social relationship from historical perspective it may appear in four different faces, though by means exclusive to each others. Understanding on the teaching of the adhered can be the important source of social dynamics -- it is the basis of a certain form of social change. Secondly, despite the fact that science has consistently opened up the secrets and even the laws of nature, it cannot replace the role of religion as the source of the ultimate answer to the questions of the “real” reality. Third, religious pluralities and more importantly the differences in the understanding of the “true teachings” of the commonly adhered religion may become a source of internal conflict, although at the same it strengthens the internal cohesion of the believers of the same religious orientation. Four, in the conflict situation, the understanding of one’s religion can easily become a non-negotiable stand in the relation with the others. Despite its noble idea, the New Order -sponsored “three strategies of harmonious life”-- the Pancasila, “the three harmonious religious lives” (among co-religionists, among the followers of different religions, and between religious followers and the government) and “three brotherhood or uchuwah (Islamic, national, and intentional brotherhood) -- lost its credibility the moment the state undergone the crisis of legitimacy. The religion-based social cohesion can only be guaranted by a healthy democratric life and the continuing effort to strengthen the tradition of the spirit of tolerance. Keywords: Agama, kohesi sosial, Durkheim, Max Weber, struktural-fungsional, fenomenologi, “tiga strategi dasar”.

PROBLEMATIKA PRINSIP MANAJEMEN KOLABORATIF DALAM KERANGKA PENYELAMATAN DANAU RAWAPENING Nadjib, Mochammad
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 18, No 3 (2016)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Interaksi penduduk dan lingkungan yang kompleks dapat ditemukan pada ekologi perairan Rawapening. Rawapening adalah suatu kawasan danau yang memiliki potensi multifungsi, diantaranya adalah perikanan, irigasi, pembangkit listrik dan pariwisata. Pemanfaatan secara multifungsi tersebut bisa saling mendukung, tetapi dapat pula bersifat trade off bila dilakukan secara tidak terkendali. Tulisan ini mendiskusikan permasalahan trade off sebagai dampak dari pemanfaatan secara bebas dan tidak terkendali antara berbagai pihak di Danau Rawapening. Sumber data ditulis berdasarkan hasil penelitian lapangan tentang “Optimalisasi Multifungsi Perairan Umum Daratan dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi Daerah: Kasus Danau Rawapening”. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, Focus Group Discussion dan observasi lapangan di kawasan Danau Rawapening. Implikasi dari pemanfaatan secara bebas atas Danau Rawapening terjadi karena polarisasi kepentingan, sehingga berdampak timbulnya degradasi lingkungan. Untuk itu diperlukan perubahan paradigma pengelolaan dari polarisasi kepentingan menjadi paradigma kolaborasi, sehingga segenap kegiatan ekonomi yang menjadi penyangga kawasan Rawapening dapat dikelola secara komprehensif. Rawapening ecology consists of complex interactions between society and environment. Rawapening is the lake area which has several functions, including fisheries, irigation, power plant and tourism. The multiple functions produce positive and negative effects. This paper discusses the vast effect of Rawapening misuse. The data were collected from research report about “Optimalisasi Multifungsi Perairan Umum Daratan dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi Daerah: Kasus Danau Rawapening through indepth interview, focus group discussion and field observation. The excessive use of Rawapening affects the polarisation of interests, leading to environmental degradation. This paper suggests paradigm shift from polarisation of interests to collaboration, in order to manage sustainable economic activity in Rawapening area comprehensively.

PERKEMBANGAN STUDI PERUBAHAN BAHASA DI MASA SEKARANG – MASIH RELEVANKAH? Sukmawati, Anggy Denok
Jurnal Masyarakat dan Budaya Vol 17, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : P2KK LIPI

Judul Buku: Historical Linguistic: Toward a Twenty First Century Reintegration Penulis: Don Ringed & Joseph F. Eska Penerbit: Cambridge University Press Tahun Terbit: 2013 Jumlah Hlm.: 330

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