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Majalah Kedokteran Andalas
Published by Universitas Andalas
ISSN : 01262092     EISSN : 24425230     DOI : https://doi.org/10.25077
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas (MKA) (p-ISSN: 0126-2092, e-ISSN: 2442-5230) is a peer-reviewed, open-access national journal published by Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas and is dedicated to publish and disseminate research articles, literature reviews, and case reports, in the field of medicine and health, and other related disciplines
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 13 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): MKA April 2024" : 13 Documents clear
Hubungan Antara Durasi Penggunaan Gadget Terhadap Perkembangan Dasar Anak Usia Prasekolah di Taman Kanak-Kanak (TK) Kota Pontianak Aswada, Dias Arivia; Andriani, Rini; Ilmiawan, Muhammad In'am
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): MKA April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i2.p181-191.2024

Abstract

Latar Belakang : Sebesar 1-3% anak di bawah usia 5 tahun mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan dasar, dimana penggunaan gadget yang berlebihan merupakan salah satu penyebabnya.1 Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara durasi penggunaan gadget terhadap perkembangan dasar anak usia prasekolah di Taman Kanak-kanak (TK) Kota Pontianak. Metodologi: Penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan desain potong lintang pada 96 siswa di TK Kota Pontianak. Hasil penelitian diuji dengan uji statistik chi square menggunakan SPSS 23.0. Hasil: Analisis univariat menunjukkan gadget milik orang tua sebesar 84,5% dan pengenalan gadget dilakukan oleh orang tua berjumlah 80,2% serta usia anak paling muda mengenal gadget adalah 8 bulan. Terdapat 15 orang (15,6%) mengalami penyimpangan, sebagian besar pada aspek bicara bahasa. Analisis bivariat antara durasi penggunaan gadget terhadap perkembangan dasar yaitu p=0,376. Kesimpulan: Terdapat anak yang mengalami penyimpangan perkembangan namun tidak ditemukan hubungan bermakna antara durasi penggunaan gadget terhadap perkembangan dasar anak usia prasekolah di Kota Pontianak.
Korelasi antara indeks massa tubuh dan d-dimer dengan waktu konversi pasien rawat inap Covid-19 Dityarika, Ridia; Suharti, Netti; Desmawati, Desmawati
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): MKA April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i2.p121-131.2024

Abstract

Tujuan: Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui korelasi antara IMT (Indeks Massa Tubuh) dan kadar D-dimer dengan waktu konversi COVID-19 pada pasien rawat inap; Metode: Studi potong lintang ini dilakukan terhadap 301 rekam medis pasien COVID-19 di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang, periode Maret 2020-Desember 2021. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan aplikasi statistik berbasis komputer; Hasil: Kelompok umur terbesar dalam penelitian ini adalah lansia (>60 tahun) sejumlah 46%. Lebih dari setengah sampel penelitian adalah wanita (53,5%). Berat badan normal merupakan kelompok IMT dengan jumlah tertinggi yaitu 52,8%, dan proporsi pasien dengan penyakit penyerta sebesar 63,8%. Rerata IMT adalah 24,89 ± 4,772 kg/m2, konsentrasi D-dimer adalah 1948,36 ± 2611,606 ng/ml, dan waktu konversi adalah 11,48 ± 4,832 hari. Nilai rerata D-dimer tertinggi ditemukan pada lansia, pria, kelompok kurus dan pasien dengan penyakit penyerta. Rerata waktu konversi tertinggi ditemukan pada kelompok pria, pasien obesitas dan memiliki penyakit penyerta; Kesimpulan: Analisis kelompok obesitas menunjukkan korelasi yang signifikan secara statistik antara IMT dan nilai D-dimer dengan waktu konversi pada pasien COVID-19. Namun, analisis keseluruhan menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara IMT dan nilai D-dimer dengan waktu konversi COVID-19 pada pasien yang dirawat di rumah sakit.
Systematic Literature Review: Pengaruh puasa terhadap nafsu makan pada obesitas dan bukan obesitas Tanzila, Raden Ayu; irfannuddin, irfannuddin; Kesuma, Yudianita; Liberty, Iche Andriyani
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): MKA April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i2.p203-216.2024

Abstract

Background: Fasting is the voluntary act of abstaining from food, drink, or both, as well as from anything that breaks the fast for a certain time. In medicine, fasting has an important role in various diseases and health. Several studies have assessed the benefits of fasting in various physiological and pathological conditions, one of which is an appetite in obese and non-obese people. Objective: Writing an article in the form of a systematic literature review aims to analyze the effect of various fasting methods on appetite. Method: Systematic literature review method by taking 19 international journals, according to the specified keyword criteria. Results: From the results of the systematic review analysis, it was found that fasting affects subjective appetite by changing appetite scores and objective appetite by changing appetite regulation parameters such as leptin, ghrelin, PYY, adiponectin, and neuropeptide Y (NPY). Conclusion: It was concluded that fasting had positive benefits on appetite in both obese and healthy individuals. This systematic literature review is expected to be a reference for future researchers and further research can be carried out using a more varied literature search database.
Tatalaksana Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) Posterior dengan Paresis Kanal Unilateral Nita, Rini Yoan
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): MKA April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i2.p228-234.2024

Abstract

Pendahuluan: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) posterior dan paresis kanal unilateral merupakan dua kasus yang berbeda. BPPV menyebabkan gangguan keseimbangan perifer yang sering ditandai oleh sensasi pusing berputar dan bersifat sementara, sedangkan paresis kanal akan  menyebabkan gangguan stabilitas postural. Keterlibatan kanal posterior pada BPPV paling sering dijumpai. Diagnosis BPPV ditegakkan berdasarkan anamnesis, pemeriksaan keseimbangan sederhana dan Dix-Hallpike dan ENG untuk peresis kanal. Manuver Epley merupakan tatalakasan dari BPPV posterior dan rehabilitasi vestibular tatalaksana paresis kanal. Laporan Kasus: Seorang laki-laki berusia 36 tahun dengan diagnosis BPPV kanal posterior kanan dagan paresis kanal kiri. Diagnosis ditegakkan berdasarkan anamnesis pusing berputar dipengaruhi oleh perubahan posisi, pada Dix-Hallpike  dengan nistagmus torsional ke atas-kanan dan hasil Electronistagmografi (ENG) dengan unilateral weakness (UW) 50% kiri. Pasien diterapi dengan canalith repositioning procedure dengan manuver Epley dan terapi adaptasi dikombinasi substitusi. Kesimpulan: BPPV kanal posterior dan paresis kanal kiri ditandai dengan gejala pusing berputar dipengaruhi posisi, ditemukan nistagmus torsional ke atas-kanan pada Dix-Hallpike dan UW 50% kiri. Penatalaksanaan BPPV posterior dengan manuver Epley dan paresis kanal kiri ditatalaksana dengan latihan adaptasi dan substitusiKata kunci: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo, manuver Dix-Hallpike, manuver Epley, paresis kanal unilateral, rehabilitasi vestibular 
Omega-3 for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Is it worthy?- A Literature Review Afdhal, Fitrah; Sulastri, Delmi
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): MKA April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i2.p217-227.2024

Abstract

Tujuan: Memberikan pemahaman mengenai potensi terapeutik asam lemak omega-3 dalam penanganan Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Metode: Artikel ini disusun berdasarkan metode tinjauan literatur. Sumber data diperoleh dari artikel-artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan di jurnal internasional berbahasa Inggris. Proses pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui mesin pencari Google Scholar dan PubMed. Hasil: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), yang mencakup kondisi seperti Ulcerative Colitis (UC) dan Crohn's Disease (CD), merupakan kelompok gangguan inflamasi kronis yang mempengaruhi saluran pencernaan. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, asam lemak omega-3 telah menjadi titik perhatian dalam diskusi IBD, terutama karena sifat anti-inflamasinya. Penelitian epidemiologi menunjukkan bahwa diet kaya omega-3 dapat meningkatkan kemungkinan remisi klinis pada pasien IBD. Sebagai contoh, pasien UC yang mengonsumsi salmon Alaskan dalam jumlah tinggi menunjukkan penurunan marker inflamasi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulan: Bukti saat ini menunjukkan bahwa makanan alami yang kaya omega-3, seperti salmon, memiliki potensi manfaat dalam penanganan Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Gambaran Karakteristik Pasien Tuberkulosis Pasien di Puskesmas I Denpasar Selatan Upadhana, Putu Satyakumara; Pramana, Gede Agus Indra; Pertiwi, Putu Restu; Dediyana, I Wayan
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): MKA April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i2.p132-138.2024

Abstract

Tujuan: Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Penyakit ini masih memiliki morbiditas dan mortalitas yang sangat besar di seluruh dunia. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik pasien tuberkulosis di Puskesmas I Denpasar Selatan. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari data register pasien tuberkulosis di Puskesmas I Denpasar Selatan pada Januari 2022 – Maret 2023 dengan teknik total sampling.Hasil: Sebanyak 53 pasien dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Sebagian besar pasien adalah laki-laki (n=34;64,2%), dan berusia <60 tahun (n=46;86,8%). Sebanyak 9 pasien memiliki riwayat diabetes mellitus tipe 2 (17,0%). Sebagian besar pasien terkonfirmasi bakteriologis (n=44;83,0%), dengan hasil pemeriksaan tes cepat molekuler (TCM) yang paling banyak dijumpai adalah MTB detected medium (n=21;47,7%), diikuti dengan MTB detected high (n=9;20,5%), dan MTB detected low (n=8;18,2%). Mayoritas pasien tergolong ke dalam tuberkulosis paru (n=50;94,3%) dan hanya 3 pasien tergolong ke dalam tuberkulosis ekstra paru (n=3;5,7%). Terkait dengan profil pengobatan, mayoritas dari pasien mendapatkan pengobatan kategori I (n=47;88,7%), dan hanya 6 pasien mendapatkan pengobatan dengan dosis harian (n=6;11,3%). Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar pasien tuberkulosis pada studi ini adalah berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berusia <60 tahun, dan terkonfirmasi secara bakteriologis. Mayoritas pasien mendapatkan pengobatan kategori I.
Effectiveness Test of Petai Seed Methanol Extract Against Cholesterol of Wistar Strain Rats Induced by High Fat Feed Alioes, Yustini
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): MKA April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i2.p192-202.2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the methanol extract of petai seeds on the cholesterol levels of Wistar strain rats induced by a high-fat diet. Methods: True experimental research with post test only control group design using 25 rats which were divided into 5 groups, namely the control group (negative and positive) and the treatment group (treatments 1, 2 and 3). High-fat diet for 30 days was given to groups K+, P1, P2, and P3. Then continued with the administration of methanol extract of petai seeds in the treatment group with each dose of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 400 mg/kgBW for 10 days. The mean cholesterol levels were checked using the CHOD-PAP method and data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Post-Hoc Mann-Whitney nonparametric tests. Results: The results showed that the administration of petai seed methanol extract at doses of 100 mg/kgBW, 200 mg/kgBW, and 400 mg/kgBW had a significant difference with the positive control group (p<0.05). Conclusion : This study showed the methanol extract of petai seeds had effectiveness in lowering cholesterol levels in wistar strain rats induced by high fat diet.
Efek Pemberian Mesenchymal Stem Cell Wharton's Jelly (MSC-WJ) terhadap Gambaran Histologi Pankreas Hewan Model Diabetes Melitus Tipe 1 Endrinaldi, Endrinaldi; Tofrizal, Tofrizal; Elmatris, Elmatris; Yarni, Sisca Dwi
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): MKA April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i2.p148-155.2024

Abstract

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the effect of administering Mesenchymal Stem Cell Wharton Jelly (MSC-WJ) on the histological appearance of the pancreas of rat in a type 1 diabetes mellitus model. Methods: This research is an experimental research with a Posttest-Only Control Group Design. The sample consisted of 3 groups (Normal, T1DM, T1DM + MSC-WJ). The treatment group was treated with MSC-WJ for 4 weeks. Data analysis used One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc Bonferroni tests. Results: WJ-MSC can increase the mean diameter and area of the islets of Langerhans in the T1DM rat group from 98.08 mm – 126.85 mm and from 4911.95 mm2 – 8995.35 mm2, but this difference is not yet significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion This research shows that there is improvement in pancreatic damage by administering WJ-MSC to diabetic rat due to alloxan induction.
The Enhancement of COVID-19 Severity on Coagulation Markers: a Cross-sectional Study in West Sumatra, Indonesia Febrianti, Ika Kurnia; Putra, Andani Eka; Raveinal, Raveinal; Elliyanti, Aisyah
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): MKA April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i2.p139-147.2024

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the description of the coagulation marker and how it implicates COVID-19 patients based on clinical outcomes in the form of enhancement severity and death. Method: The subjects were collected from patients with positive COVID-19 RT-PCR with medical records including demographic data, and laboratory results such as hemoglobin, hematocrit, leukocytes, platelets, coagulation markers (D-dimer, PT, and APTT), and patients outcomes post-treatment. Statistical analysis is performed by using chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were considered statistically difference level of significant between variables. Result: The COVID-19 patients is classified into mild group with 27 subjects  (44.2%) and moderate-severe group 34 subjects (55.8%). Leukocytes, D-dimer, and PT levels significantly differed between mild and moderate-severe groups. All coagulation markers had a symptomatic effect on Covid-19 patients, increased D-dimer and prolonged prothrombin time in adult COVID-19 patients tend to be followed by the enhancement of severe symptoms and death
Dapur Makanan Pendamping-Air Susu Ibu (MP-ASI) di Daerah Bencana Malampah, Pasaman Barat Amalfi, Hendra; Masnadi, Nice Rachmawati
Majalah Kedokteran Andalas Vol. 47 No. 2 (2024): MKA April 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/mka.v47.i2.p235-244.2024

Abstract

Indonesia legislation number 24 of 2007 at 55 concerning disaster management states that children (babies and toddlers) are a vulnerable group when a disaster occurs.1 Children are a vulnerable population and have special health problems that must be considered when a disaster occurs. One of them is the very limited availability of complementary foods (MP-ASI) and this condition will worsen the nutritional status of children in disaster areas.2,3,4 The provision of food menus for toddlers in natural disaster conditions is limited because public kitchen do not prepare special menu for toddlers so that children consume food that is also consumed by adults, including instant food. The availability of MP-ASI ingredient can be achieved from public kitchens with the help and cooperation of various parties including volunteers by setting up MP-ASI kitchen so that nutritional intake for toddlers is fulfilled in disaster conditions.5 This was a activities report on establishing MP-ASI in the disaster area, Malampah, Pasaman. It has been expected to be a reference for establishing MP-ASI kitchen in disaster area, as consideration in creating operational standards for establishing MP-ASI kitchen in disaster area, and assist in managing public MP-ASI kitchen in natural disaster area.

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