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ISM (Intisari Sains Medis) : Jurnal Kedokteran

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Published by Universitas Udayana

ISSN : 25033638 EISSN : - DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology

Intisari Sains Medis is published by Medical Scientific Community, Indonesia. Intisari Sains Medis is an international, multidisciplinary, peer-reviewed, open access journal accepts papers for publication in all aspects of Science Digest, Medical Research Development, Research Medical Field and Theory. We also publish cases from third world country, that is considered very rare and special cases.

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Articles 1,063 Documents

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Faktor risiko diare pada anak usia 1-12 tahun di wilayah kerja Puskesmas II Denpasar Barat, Bali, Indonesia I Putu Oka Kresna Jayadi; I Made Adi Narendranatha Komara; Made Aditya Artha Nugraha; I Dewa Gede Agung Suta Ariwangsa; Putu Triyasa; I Nengah Kapti
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): (Available online: 1 August 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Diarrhea is a public health problem, with high morbidity and the potential to cause death. A survey conducted from 2000-2010 in Indonesia shows that the incidence of diarrhea is increasing. In Denpasar, diarrhea is one of the top 10 diseases found in Puskesmas. This study aims to determine the risk factors for diarrhea in children aged 1-12 years in the working area of Puskesmas II West Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia.Methods: This study used a case-control analytical method to 86 respondents, which involved 43 children aged 1-12 years with diarrhea for the case and 43 children without diarrhea as a control. This research was conducted from October to December 2017, using consecutive techniques. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 for Windows.Results: The results of this study indicate that most of the respondents aged 1-5 years (69.76%) compared to those aged> 5-12 years (30.24%). The percentage of female sex was greater both in the 1-5 years age group (37.20%) and> 5-12 years (18.60 %%) than men. The percentage of bottled water consumption was higher in the control group (79.10%) than in cases (55.80%). There was a significant relationship between diarrhea and environment and hygiene (OR = 5,247; 95% CI: 2,050-13,590; p = 0,000;), hand washing behavior (OR = 4,483; 95% CI: 1,732-12,132; p = 0.002), and food (OR = 3,529; 95% CI: 1,445-8,619; p = 0.005;). However, there was no significant relationship between diarrhea and drinking water sources (OR = 2.246; 95% CI: 0.917-5.504; p = 0.074;).Conclusion: Environmental and hygiene variables, handwashing behavior, and food have a significant relationship with the incidence of diarrhea in children aged 1-12 years in the working area of Puskesmas II Denpasar Barat, Bali, Indonesia.Â Latar Belakang: Diare merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat, dengan angka kesakitan tinggi dan berpotensi menyebabkan kematian. Survei yang dilakukan dari tahun 2000-2010 di Indonesia terlihat kecendrungan insidens diare meningkat. Di Kota Denpasar diare masuk 10 besar penyakit yang dijumpai di Puskesmas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko diare pada anak usia 1-12 tahun di wilayah kerja Puskesmas II Denpasar Barat, Bali, Indonesia.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik case-control terhadap 86 responden dimana melibatkan 43 anak berusia 1-12 tahun dengan diare untuk case dan 43 anak tidak menderita diare sebagai control. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober sampai dengan Desember 2017 dengan menggunakan teknik konsekutif. Data dianalisis dengan SPSS versi 20 untuk Windows.Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden berusia 1-5 tahun (69,76%) dibandingkan usia >5-12 tahun (30,24%). Jenis kelamin perempuan secara persentase lebih besar baik pada kelompok usia 1-5 tahun (37,20%) dan >5-12 tahun (18,60%%) dibandingkan laki-laki. Persentase konsumsi air kemasan lebih tinggi pada kelompok kontrol (79,10%) dibandingkan kasus (55,80%). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara diare dengan lingkungan dan higienitas (OR=5,247; 95% IK: 2,050-13,590; p=0,000;), perilaku mencuci tangan (OR=4,483; 95% IK: 1,732-12,132; p=0,002), serta makanan (OR=3,529; 95% IK: 1,445-8,619; p=0,005;). Akan tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara diare dengan sumber air minum (OR = 2,246; 95% IK: 0,917-5,504; p = 0,074;).Kesimpulan: Variabel lingkungan dan higienitas, perilaku mencuci tangan, maupun makanan memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian diare pada anak usia 1-12 tahun di wilayah kerja Puskesmas II Denpasar Barat, Bali, Indonesia.

The correlation between location and size of infarction toward the quality of life in acute ischemic stroke patients at Sanglah General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia Mirani Ulfa Yusrika; Anak Agung Bagus Ngurah Nuartha; Ida Ayu Sri Wijayanti; Made Widhi Asih; Skolastika Savitri Sujatmiko
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): (Available online: 1 August 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Location and size of infarction in acute ischemic stroke can cause different levels of neurological deficits and disabilities according to the function of the area of brain whose blood flow is disrupted, thus affecting the quality of life in patients. This study was aimed to explore the correlation between location and size of infarction toward the quality of life in acute ischemic stroke patients in Sanglahà¹€Generalà¹€Hospitalà¹€Denpasar.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 41 acute ischemic stroke patients at Neurologyà¹€Care Unit, Sanglahà¹€General Hospital Denpasar duringà¹€May-September 2019. The location of the infarct was grouped by the cerebral area. The largest diameter of infarction determined the size of the infarct. Data were taken from head Computedà¹€Tomography (CT) scan results to assess the location and size of infarction and Barthel Index (BI) to measure the quality of life-based on Activity of Daily Living (ADL). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysisà¹€(Chi-Squareà¹€testà¹€withà¹€Cramerâ€™sà¹€V for location and BI scores, Spearmanà¹€test for size and BI scores) on SPSSà¹€version 23 for Windows.Results: Most of the respondents were males 59.0%, the average age of 60.03Â±14.4 years, ischemic thrombus stroke (71.8%), subcortical infarction (41.0%), small size (â‰¤ 1.5 cm) of infarction (48.7%), and independent criteria for Barthel Index Scores (23.1%). There were significant correlations between the location of infarction and BI scores (r=0.636; p<0.000) and the size of infarction and BI scores (r=0.553; p<0.000).Conclusion: Infarct that located in the cortical area with small size are related to independent or mild dependency outcome. Conversely, infarct that located and associated with a subcortical area with larger size are related to severe or total dependency.

Hubungan asupan gula sederhana terhadap kadar glukosa darah pada pasien diabetes mellitus tipe II Anastasya Maria Kosasih; I Wayan Gede Sutadarma; Ni Nyoman Ayu Dewi
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): (Available online: 1 December 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Type II DM is associated with lifestyle that cause obesity. Obesity is caused by excessive intake of simple sugars that cause insulin resistance.Aim: The study aims to determine the relationship between intake of simple sugars, carbohydrates, and calories with blood glucose levels in type II DM patients.Methods: This study was an observational analytic design, at the Western Denpasar Health Center I and II in August to September 2019. The inclusion criteria were type II DM patients without using insulin, normal BMI, and willing to participate. Exclusion criteria were type II DM patients who on diet (no carbohydrate). The number of samples was 100 people with simple random sampling technique. The procedure was started by giving informed consent, checking BMI, filling of 2x24 hour food recall, and checking blood glucose using glucometer.Results: Calorie for men was 1059.61 kcal and women was 1081.65 kcal. Carbohydrate intake in men was 149.15 grams and in women was 157.26 grams. Simple sugar intake in men is 24.98 grams and in women is 28.41 grams. There is a relationship between intake of simple sugars, carbohydrate, and calories with blood glucose levels (p = 0,000; p = 0.001; p = 0.024) and correlation strength (r = 0.44; r = 0.32; r = 0.23).Conclusion: There is a moderate correlation between simple sugar intake and carbohydrate intake with blood glucose levels and a weak correlation between calorie intake and blood glucose levels. Latar Belakang: DM tipe II berhubungan dengan gaya hidup, salah satunya adalah obesitas. Obesitas ini disebabkan oleh asupan gula sederhana yang berlebih yang menyebabkan resistensi insulin. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara asupan gula sederhana, karbohidrat, dan kalori dengan kadar glukosa dalam darah pada pasien DM tipe II.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik yang dilakukan di Puskesmas Denpasar Barat I dan Puskesmas Denpasar Barat II pada Agustus hingga September 2019. Kriteria inklusi adalah pasien DM tipe II tanpa menggunakan insulin, indeks massa tubuh normal, dan bersedia untuk mengikuti penelitian. Kriteria eksklusi adalah pasien DM tipe II yang melakukan diet tanpa mengonsumsi karbohidrat. Jumlah sampel sebesar 100 orang dengan teknik simple random sampling. Prosedur penelitian diawali dengan pemberian informed consent, pengecekan indeks massa tubuh, pengisian data food recall 2x24 jam, dan pengecekan glukosa darah sewaktu dengan glukometer. Analisis data adalah uji univariat dengan Uji Kolmogorov Smirnov dan uji bivariat dengan Uji Spearman.Hasil: Asupan kalori per hari pada laki-laki sebesar 1059,61 kkal dan perempuan sebesar 1081,65 kkal. Asupan karbohidrat pada laki-laki sebesar 149,15 gram dan pada perempuan sebesar 157,26 gram. Asupan gula sederhana pada laki-laki sebesar 24,98 gram dan pada perempuan sebesar 28,41 gram. Analisis menunjukkan adanya hubungan antara asupan gula sederhana, karbohidrat, dan kalori dengan kadar glukosa darah (p=0,000; p=0,001; p=0,024) dan kekuatan korelasi (r=0,44; r=0,32; r=0,23).Simpulan: Terdapat korelasi sedang antara asupan gula sederhana dan asupan karbohidrat dengan kadar glukosa darah dan korelasi lemah antara asupan kalori dengan kadar glukosa darah.

Korelasi jumlah sel CD4 dengan skor nugent pada wanita dengan infeksi human immunodeficiency virus Ni Made Dwi Puspawati; Anak Agung Gde Putra Wiraguna; I Gusti Ayu Agung Dwi Karmila; I Ketut Agus Somia
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): (Available online: 1 August 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Introduction: CD4 cell counts are still used to assess disease progression due to infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). The lower the number of CD4 cells, the more susceptible patients are to various kinds of opportunistic infections. Nugent Score is a rating system to determine the presence of Lactobacillus which is a normal microbiota in the vaginal ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of CD4 cell counts with Nugent scores in HIV-infected women.Method: This study is an analytic study with a cross-sectional approach in women with HIV infection in Sanglah Hospital Denpasar. Sampling with consecutive sampling technique. For each sample, venous blood was taken to measure CD4 cell counts and gram stains were examined from a vaginal swab to measure Nugent's score.Results: The study found the average age of the study sample was 36.42 years. Most of the samples had a normal Nugent score (0-3) with a CD4 count> 500 or were not immunodeficient (34%). There was a significant difference in the Nugent score based on the number of partners owned (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in Nugent's score based on condom use, vaginal wash and smoking history (p>0.05). The majority of patients who experienced immunodeficiency, mild immunodeficiency, and moderate immunodeficiency had normal Nugent scores (47.1%, 80%, 54.5%, respectively). Only the group with the most severe immunodeficiency had bacterial vaginosis (57.1%).Conclusions: No significant differences were found between CD4 cell counts and Nugent scores. This can be caused because there is no relationship between the two or because of confounding factors that have not been controlled. Further research needs to be done by correcting confounding factors so that subsequent research can improve precision.Â Pendahuluan: Jumlah sel CD4 sampai saat ini masih digunakan untuk menilai perkembangan penyakit akibat infeksi Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Semakin rendah jumlah sel CD4 semakin rentan penderita terhadap berbagai macam infeksi oportunistik. Skor Nugent adalah sistem penilaian untuk mengetahui keberadaan Lactobacillus yang merupakan mikrobiota normal pada ekosistem vagina. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan jumlah sel CD4 dengan skor Nugent pada wanita terinfeksi HIV.Metode: penelitian ini merupakan penilitian analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional pada wanita dengan infeksi HIV di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Pada setiap sampel dilakukan pengambilan darah vena untuk pengukuran jumlah sel CD4 dan pemeriksaan pengecatan gram dari swab vagina untuk mengukur skor Nugent.Hasil: penelitian didapatkan rerata usia sampel penelitian adalah 36,42 tahun. Sebagian besar sampel memiliki skor Nugent normal (0-3) dengan jumlah CD4 >500 atau tidak imunodefisiensi (34%).Terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada skor Nugent berdasarkan jumlah pasangan yang dimiliki (p<0,05). Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada skor Nugent berdasarkan penggunaan kondom, pencuci vagina dan riwayat merokok (p>0,05). Mayoritas pasien yang mengalami imunodefisiensi, imunodefisiensi ringan, dan imunodefisiensi sedang memiliki skor Nugent yang normal (47,1%, 80%, 54,5%, secara berurutan). Hanya kelompok dengan imunodefisiensi berat yang mayoritas memiliki bakterial vaginosis (57,1%).Simpulan: tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang bermakna antara kadar CD4 dengan skor Nugent. Hal ini bisa disebabkan karena memang tidak ada hubungan antara keduanya atau karena faktor perancu yang belum dikontrol. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan dengan mengkoreksi faktor perancu sehingga penelitian berikutnya dapat meningkatkan presisi.

Tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku orangtua tentang penyakit diare dan penanganannya pada anak balita di Pandu D’Care Made Refika Widya Apsari Tangkas; Ni Nyoman Metriani Nesa; Ayu Setyorini Mestika Mayangsari; Nyoman Budi Hartawan
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): (Available online: 1 December 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Diarrhea is an increased frequency of defecation, 3 times or more a day, with changes in the consistency of the stool which become loose to watery. World Health Organization (WHO) states that there are 1.7 billion cases of diarrhea annually and responsible for 525,000 deaths in children each year.Aim: This study aimed to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of parents regarding early treatment of diarrhea of toddlers in D’Care Pandu Child Care Center in January 2019.Method: This study was a cross-sectional observational study. Research subjects consisted of 47 parents who entrust their children to be taken care at the D'Care Pandu Child Care Center. Subjects were asked to fill out a questionnaire to determine the level of knowledge, attitudes and behavior of parents regarding diarrheal disease and its management.Results: Most parents had good knowledge about diarrhea (66%). Most respondent had good attitude level (66%) and moderate level of parental behavior (52%).Conclusion: There were adequate knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of parents related to diarrhea problems in children. Diare adalah meningkatnya frekuensi defekasi yaitu 3 kali atau lebih dalam sehari, dengan perubahan konsistensi tinja menjadi lebih lembek hingga cair. World Health Organization (WHO) menyatakan bahwa terdapat 1,7 milyar kasus diare pertahun secara global dengan angka kematian pada anak sebesar 525.000 tiap tahunnya.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, serta perilaku orangtua dalam penanganan awal diare pada balita di Tempat Penitipan Anak Pandu D’Care.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan merupakan penelitian observasional dengan pendekatan potong-lintang. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari 47 orangtua yang menitipkan anaknya di TPA Pandu D’Care pada Januari 2019. Subyek diminta mengisi kuisioner untuk mendapatkan gambaran tingkat pengetahuan, sikap serta perilaku orangtua tentang penyakit diare dan penanganannya.Hasil: tingkat pengetahuan orangtua mengenai diare sebagian besar adalah baik (66%). Sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat sikap yang baik (66%) dan didapatkan dominansi perilaku orangtua dalam tingkatan sedang yaitu sebesar 52%.Simpulan: Studi ini menunjukkan cukup adekuatnya pengetahuan serta sikap dan perilaku orang tua terkait permasalahan diare pada anak.

Penyakit Ginjal Kronik Stadium V Akibat nefrolitiasis Helen Widiani
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020): (Available online: 1 April 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a kidney disorder characterized by abnormality in kidney structure and its function for more than three months, or decrease of glomerular filtration rate less than 60 ml/minute/1.73m2. The cause of CKD including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obstruction in urinary tract and infection.Case description: male 34 years old hospitalized with chief complaint of nausea and vomiting since 10 days before admission. The patient also complained of pain in the right flank since one year. The urination tend to decrease since one week before admission. Phsyical examination found the patient in moderate illness, anemic in conjungtiva, pain in costovertebral angle with edema in inferior extremities. Radiology examination revealed nefrolitiasis in right region, grade II hydronephrosis caused by stone in distal ureter and cystitis. Abdominal CT-Scan revealed mild hydronephrosis caused by stone in pyelum, with nephrolithiasis in right part. Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease is an injury in kidney which occur for more than three months, according to pathological abnormality or kidney injury marker like. Its management renal replacement therapy, diet for CKD patients, and controlling the hypertension (its comorbid condition).Latar belakang: Penyakit Ginjal Kronik (PGK) merupakan suatu gangguan pada ginjal yang ditandai dengan abnormalitas struktur dan fungsi ginjal yang berlangsung lebih dari tiga bulan, atau penurunan laju filtrasi glomerulus kurang dari 60 ml/menit/1,73 m2.Deskripsi kasus: Seorang pasien laki-laki usia 34 tahun dirawat dengan keluhan utama mual dan muntah dialami sejak 10 hari sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Pasien juga mengeluhkan nyeri pinggang kanan yang dialami sejak 1 tahun terakhir. Buang air kecil sedikit-sedikit dialami sejak 1 minggu sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Dari pemeriksaan fisik pasien tampak sakit sedang, konjungtiva anemis, nyeri ketok CVA, dan ditemukan edema pada ekstremitas inferior. Pada pemeriksaan radiologi didapatkan nefrolitiasis dextra, hidronefrosis grade II akibat batu distal ureter, sistitis. Pemeriksaan CT-Scan abdomen didapatkan kesan hidronefrosis ringan akibat batu pyelum, nefrolitiasis kanan. Kesimpulan: Penyakit ginjal kronik (PGK) merupakan kerusakan ginjal yang telah terjadi dalam kurun waktu lebih dari tiga bulan, yang ditandai dari kelainan patologis atau petanda kerusakan ginjal. Tatalaksana yang diberikan pada pasien meliputi terapi berupa terapi pengganti ginjal, diet khusus pada pasien dengan PGK, serta pengaturan tekanan darah pasien (penanganan pada kondisi komorbid).

Sikap mahasiswa Program Studi Sarjana Kedokteran dan Profesi Dokter angkatan 2016 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana terhadap peran media sosial sebagai alternatif small group discussion secara online Ida Bagus Made Mahendra Wisma; Putu Ayu Asri Damayanti; Ni Putu Wardani
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): (Available online: 1 August 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: The rapid development of information and communication technology provides an alternative in disseminating knowledge, especially accessing information in the field of education. Increasing access to information through social media can develop cognitive power in student groups, such as through discussion learning methods based on Small Group Discuccion (SGD) at the Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University.Aim: To evaluate the attitude of students batch 2016 Medical Faculty and Doctor Professional Study Program (PSSKPD) Faculty of Medicine of Udayana University towards the role of social media as an alternative to online SGDMethod: This study was an observational study using a cross sectional descriptive design of the batch 2016 PSSKPD students of the Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University in the period August-November 2019.Result and Conclusion: The most commonly used social media by PSSKPD students batch 2016 at the Faculty of Medicine of Udayana University in carrying out SGD was social media LINE (83.5%). The description related to knowledge about the role and benefits of social media is 84.4%. The description of students' attitude towards social media-based SGD has a high positive value of 97.9%. The description of students' attitudes towards the amount of information obtained through SGD based on social media namely 89.6% agreed and 20.8% strongly agreed. The role of social media as an alternative to SGD online greatly helps students learn. understanding the topic of discussion as well as interacting, arguing, and add insights.Â Â Latar Belakang: Perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi yang sangat pesat memberikan alternatif dalam menyebarluaskan ilmu pengetahuan terutama mengakses informasi dalam bidang pendidikan. Peningkatan akses informasi melalui media sosial dapat mengembangan daya kognitif pada kelompok pelajar, seperti melalui metode pembelajaran diskusi berbasis Small Group Discuccion (SGD) di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui sikap mahasiswa Program Studi Sarjana Kedokteran dan Profesi Dokter (PSSKPD) angkatan 2016 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana terhadap peran media sosial sebagai alternatif SGD secara online Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional yang menggunakan rancangan deskriptif cross sectional terhadap mahasiswa PSSKPD angkatan 2016 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana periode Agustus-November 2019.Hasil dan Simpulan: Media sosial yang paling sering digunakan oleh mahasiswa PSSKPD angkatan 2016 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana dalam melaksanakan SGD adalah media sosial LINE (83,5%). Gambaran terkait pengetahuan mengenai peran dan manfaat media sosial adalah sebesar 84,4%. Gambaran sikap pernyataan mahasiswa terhadap SGD berbasis media sosial memiliki nilai positif yang tinggi sebesar 97,9%. Gambaran sikap mahasiswa terhadap besarnya informasi yang didapatkan melalui SGD berbasis media sosial yakni 89,6% menyatakan setuju dan 20,8% sangat setuju. Peran media sosial sebagai alternatif SGD online sangat membantu mahasiswa belajar. memahami topik diskusi serta, berinteraksi, berargumentasi, serta saling menambah wawasan.Â

Perubahan tekanan intraokuler pasca ekstraksi lensa pada pasien glaukoma sekunder akibat katarak senilis di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Denpasar Matthew Sebastian; Made Agus Kusumadjaja; I Wayan Eka Sutyawan
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): (Available online: 1 August 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Lens extraction in patients with glaucoma secondary to cataracts is regarded as the gold standard for treatment. In addition to increasing one's visual acuity after extraction of a cloudy lens, lens extraction may also reduce the patientâ€™s intraocular pressure, hence reducing the risk of long term vision loss and retinal damage.Aims: This study aims to establish the link between different types of lens extraction procedures and intraocular pressure change, as well as establishing the link between hypertension and diabetes mellitus and the degree of intraocular pressure change.Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort study involving 19 subjects with ongoing or a history of secondary glaucoma due to cataract. Research subjects are grouped based on the type of cataract extraction which they underwent and based on hypertension status and diabetes mellitus status. Acquired data is then analyzed descriptively and analytically.Results: The average reduction of intraocular pressure in this study is 10.302 mmHg. Patients with hypertension had a statistically significant decrease in intraocular pressure change compared to patients without hypertension. The link between intraocular pressure change and diabetes mellitus remains to be inconclusive from this study.Conclusion: Lens extraction lowers intraocular pressure in secondary glaucoma due to cataract patients. The type of lens extraction underwent by the patients affects the magnitude of intraocular pressure change. Patients with a history of hypertension has a significantly lower intraocular pressure change compared to those without history of hypertension.Â Â Latar Belakang: Ekstraksi lensa yang keruh pada pasien dengan glaukoma sekunder akibat katarak merupakan baku emas bagi terapi pasien dengan glaukoma sekunder akibat katarak. Selain peningkatan ketajaman penglihatan seseorang setelah ekstraksi lensa yang sudah keruh, ekstraksi lensa juga dapat menurunkan tekanan intraokuler seseorang, sehingga dapat berperan juga dalam managemen glaukoma seseorang.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti hubungan antara prosedur ekstraksi lensa terhadap penurunan tekanan intraokuler, serta meneliti hubungan antara status hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus terhadap perubahan tekanan intraokuler.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kohor retrospektif yang melibatkan 19 subyek dengan glaukoma sekunder akibat katarak. Subyek penelitian dikelompokkan berdasarkan prosedur ekstraksi lensa yang dilakukan dan status hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus. Pengolahan data univariate dilakukan secara deskriptif dan analitik.Hasil: Rata-rata penurunan tekanan intraokuler pasca operasi dari seluruh populasi ialah 10,302 mmHg. Nampaknya pasien dengan riwayat hipertensi akan mengalami penurunan tekanan intraokuler lebih sedikit dibandingkan pasien tanpa riwayat hipertensi. Pengaruh riwayat diabetes mellitus kepada penurunan tekanan intraokuler masih inkonklusif.Kesimpulan: Prosedur ekstraksi lensa dapat menurunkan tekanan intraokuler pasien. Jenis ekstraksi lensa yang dilakukan berpengaruh terhadap besar perubahan tekanan intraokuler pasca ekstraksi lensa. Pasien dengan riwayat hipertensi mengalami perubahan tekanan intraokuler yang lebih kecil dibanding pasien tanpa riwayat hipertensi. Pengaruh diabetes terhadap perubahan tekanan intraokuler pasca ekstraksi lensa membutuhkan penelitian lebih lanjut.

Profil penderita katarak traumatika di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Kota Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia Maria Septiana Parmonang Aroean; I Wayan Eka Sutyawan; Putu Budhiastra; I Wayan Gede Jayanegara
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): (Available online: 1 August 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Traumatic cataract is a cataract that occurs as a result of injury to the eye which can be a sharp or blunt trauma that is seen after a few days or several years. This traumatic cataract can occur acute, subacute, or residual symptoms of eye trauma, often due to an injury caused by a foreign object that hits the lens or blunt trauma to the eyeball. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of traumatic cataract sufferers which included the characteristics of age, sex, and occupation at the Sanglah Central Hospital in Denpasar, Bali.Method: This study was descriptive with a cross-sectional study design. This research is retrospective and uses secondary data obtained from medical records.Result: Results of the study with cross sectional descriptive test showed that 58.3% of cases occurred in the male sex and 41.7% in women. The age ranges from 5 years to 69 years with an average sample age of 38.25 + 2.6 years. The occupations that dominated were students and farmers with a percentage of 25% each, followed by housewives with a percentage of 16.7%.Conclusion: In this study traumatic cataracts were found to be more common in male rice, with an average age of 38 years and occupations as students and farmers. Based on clinical characteristics, the eyes most affected by traumatic cataracts are the left eye and the most common cause is blunt trauma.Â Â Latar Belakang: Katarak traumatika merupakan katarak yang terjadi sebagai akibat cedera pada mata yang dapat merupakan trauma tajam ataupun tumpul yang terlihat sesudah beberapa hari ataupun beberapa tahun. Katarak traumatika ini dapat terjadi akut, subakut, atau pun gejala sisa dari trauma mata, sering terjadi karena adanya cedera yang disebabkan oleh benda asing yang mengenai lensa atau trauma tumpul pada bola mata. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui profil penderita katarak traumatika yang meliputi karakteristik usia, jenis kelamin, dan pekerjaan di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Sanglah Kota Denpasar, Bali.Metode: Penelitian ini adalah deskriptif dengan rancangan penelitian potong lintang (cross-sectional). Penelitian ini bersifat retrospektif Â dan menggunakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari rekam medis.Hasil: Hasil penelitian dengan uji deskriptif cross sectional menunjukkan bahwa 58,3% kasus terjadi pada jenis kelamin laki-laki dan 41,7% pada perempuan. Usia berkisar dari 5 tahun hingga 69 tahun dengan usia sampel rata-rata 38,25 + 2,6 tahun. Pekerjaan yang mendominasi adalah siswa dan petani dengan persentase masing-masing 25%, diikuti oleh ibu rumah tangga dengan persentase 16,7%.Simpulan: Pada studi ini ditemukan katarak traumatika lebih sering terjadi padi laki-laki, dengan rata-rata usia 38 tahun dan pekerjaan sebagai pelajar dan petani. Berdasarkan karakteristik klinis, mata yang paling banyak terkena katarak traumatika adalah mata kiri dan penyebab tersering adalah trauma tumpul.

Cholelithiasis and chronic cholecystitis in a ten-year-old-boy: a case report Carissa Lidia; I Gusti Ngurah Sanjaya Putra; I Putu Gede Karyana; Ni Nyoman Metriani Nesa; I Made Darmajaya; Kadek Deddy Ariyanta
Intisari Sains Medis Vol. 11 No. 3 (2020): (Available online: 1 December 2020)
Publisher : DiscoverSys Inc.

Background: Cholelithiasis in children is uncommon and challenging to diagnose because the patient is often asymptomatic and the clinical feature doesn't clearly depict cholelithiasis or cholecystitis. This case study aims to describe a rare case of cholelithiasis with chronic cholecystitis in a ten-year-old boy.Case Presentation: A ten-year-old boy presented with umbilical pain, nausea, and emesis. Physical examination showed there is no tenderness in all abdominal quadrants with a negative Murphy sign. Laboratory results revealed elevated white blood cell count 20.42x103/?L, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate 47.2 mm/hour, normal liver function tests, urine, and stool analysis. He underwent transabdominal ultrasound twice. The latest transabdominal ultrasound showed cholelithiasis, free fluid around the pelvic region due to suspected visceral organ perforation. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed without complication. The result of pathology anatomy examination was chronic cholecystitis. The patient was discharged 3 days after surgery in good condition. The long-term prognosis of the patient was good.Conclusion: Even though the patient is male with good nutritional status (not obese), the patient was in the mean age that was identified as a key contributor to this disease. Ultrasonography examination is a screening modality that is still an excellent diagnostic tool with 95% accuracy even though it is highly operator dependent. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a gold standard for management even in children with decreased pain and shorter lengths of stay in the hospital.

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