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Scripta Biologica
Published by Universitas Jenderal Soedirman
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23553138     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Scripta Biologica is a peer reviewed open access electronic journal published by the Faculty of Biology Jenderal Soedirman University, publishes research papers encompasses all aspects of biology, including; molecular biology, cell biology, and genetics; physiology and reproduction; ecology and conservation; biodiversity, evolution, taxonomy, and biogeography.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 176 Documents
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PENGGUNAAN BEBERAPA MEDIUM SEMISINTETIK UNTUK PRODUKSI MISELIUM JAMUR MAITAKE (Grifola frondosa (Dickson: Fr.) S. F. Gray) ISOLAT CIANJUR DAN EKSTRAK KASARNYA Maria Mardhitama Maharani; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas; Slamet Priyanto
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (279.828 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2014.1.1.20

Abstract

Research on the use of some semisynthetic medium for the production of fungal mycelium Maitake (Grifola frondosa (dickson: Fr.) SF Gray) isolates Cianjur and crude extract was performed with an incubation period of 30 days. This study aimed to determine the ability of green bean, cowpea and maize as an alternative material of semisynthetic medium for manufacturing G. frondosa’s mycelium and and to know the production of G. frondosa’s mycelium and the highest crude extract. This study was experimental study with a completely randomized design consisted of 4 treatments : Yeast Potato Dextrose Broth (PDYB) medium, Green bean Yeast Dextrose Broth (GbDYB) medium, Cowpea Yeast Dextrose Broth (CpDYB) medium and Corn Yeast Dextrose Broth (CDYB) medium. The highest average dry weight of mycelium (1,584 g/100ml) was GbDYB medium. The lowest average dry weight of the mycelium (g/100ml 0.244) was PDYB medium. The weight of the crude extract of mycelium in each treatment was lower than the dry weight. The highest weight of the crude extract was obtained from the GbDYB medium treatment (1,22 g) and the lowest was obtained from PDYB medium (0,113 g). Anova test results of different treatment was very significant, meaning that the use of extract of green bean, cowpea and maize greatly affected the growth of G.frondosa’s mycelium. The LSD test between treatment of PDYB medium and CDYB medium was not significant, meaning that the increase of mycelium’s growth  on PDYB medium had no different with the CDYB medium.
STUDI MORFOMETRI DAN TINGKAT HERBIVORI DAUN MANGROVE DI SEGARA ANAKAN CILACAP Erma Septyaningsih; Erwin Riyanto Ardli; Ani Widyastuti
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (597.91 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2014.1.2.438

Abstract

Mangrove communities are part of the natural coastal ecosystems that have a vital role, such as the greatest source of organic material for the surrounding aquatic environment. A variety of ecological phenomenon often happens recently, either directly or indirectly affects the change of mangrove vegetations. Leaf is one of the plant organs that change shape according to the condition of the mangroves and the aquatic environment where the plant lives. The common changes of the leaves are the symmetry (morphometry), the size, and the shape. Mangrove leaves are also subjected to herbivory (predation), that will result in reduced leaf area of the photosynthesis and lowered the production of organic matter to the surrounding waters. This research aimed to determine the morphometric variation and herbivory rates of mangrove leaves at Segara Anakan Cilacap. Mangrove samples were Aegiceras corniculatum, Avicennia marina, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora apiculata, and Sonneratia caseolaris. The study used survey method with stratified random sampling technique. The results showed morphometric variations of the five species were three variations, while the average herbivory rate from highest to lowest were: Avicennia marina (7.46%), Sonneratia caseolaris (6.91%), Rhizophora apiculata (4.08%), Aegiceras corniculatum (3.42%) and Ceriops tagal (3.00%). The difference of age and species of leves affected the herbivory level.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KERAGAMAN TUNGAU FAMILI Macrochelidae (ACARI: MESOSTIGMATA) DAN FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN PADA MANUR AYAM PEDAGING DENGAN TIPE KANDANG PEMELIHARAAN BERBEDA Nurhadi Eko Firmansyah; Bambang Heru Budianto; Hery Pratiknyo
Scripta Biologica Vol 6, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Livestock of broiler chickens using several types of cages, including the type of litter stage and litter postal. Treatment of chicken manure in both types of cages will cause the condition of the manure as the habitat of mite family Macrochelidae will be different. The diversity of mites family Macrochelidae are suspected to be different in manure found on stage litter cages compared to litter postal cages and influenced by some environmental factors. The aim of this study is to analyze the diversity of mites family Macrochelidae and its relation to environmental factors. The obtained manure sample was then taken to the laboratory and placed on a modified Barlese-Tullgren for mite isolation. The mites obtained are then counted, preserved, and identified at the Laboratory. Environmental factors measured are temperature and humidity. The diversity data obtained were analyzed using the Shannon-Wiener index and the Shannon-Evennes index. Pearson correlation test to determine the relationship between temperature and humidity to the diversity of mites of Macrochelidae family. Five species of mite Macrochelidae are Macrocheles sp.1, Macrocheles sp.2, Glyptholaspis sp., Neopodocinum sp., Holostaspella sp. The diversity index of mites family Macrochelidae on manure litter stage is 0.81354. The index diversity of mites on manure litter postal is 0.79871. The humidity factor influences the diversity of the mites of family Macrochelidae in both types of cages.
RESPON AKTIVITAS AMILASE DAN PROTEASE IKAN GURAMI Osphronemus gouramy Lac. TERHADAP PERBEDAAN TEMPERATUR AIR Dwiyan Oktavianto; Untung Susilo; Slamet Priyanto
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (232.598 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2014.1.4.45

Abstract

Research to determine the activity of amylase and protease digestion gourami on various temperature has been carried out experimentally using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments were included gourami nurturing on water temperature 24oC (P1), gourami nurturing on water temperature 28oC (P2), and gourami nurturing on water temperature 32oC (P3). The results the amylase activity is showed no significant difference between treatments (P>0,05) where as protease activity showed there are significant differences between treatments (P0≤0,05). In conclusion, the difference in protease activity of gourami occured in water temperature 24oC (P1) and 28oC (P2) and the protease activity was highest at 28oC water temperature, but the amylase activity did not difference.
A CHECKLIST OF FREE-LIVING MARINE NEMATODES AT DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEM IN NORTHERN STRAITS OF MALACCA, MALAYSIA Shakila Samad; Mahadi Mohammad; Sazlina Salleh; Aqilah Darif
Scripta Biologica Vol 5, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1678.009 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2018.5.1.667

Abstract

Nematodes present in all substrates and sediment types with an enormous number of species. The studies on free-living marine nematodes are still limited in Malaysia. The present study provides general information on genus checklist of free-living marine nematodes in the northern part of Peninsular Malaysia in a different ecosystem which are intertidal zones of estuarine, sandy beach and mangrove ecosystems.  Samples were randomly collected at three stations in each ecosystem. A total of 34 genera (22 families and ten suborders) were recorded in three ecosystems. Each ecosystem had common genera which also commonly found worldwide. Viscosia genus was observed in all three ecosystems. The nematode genera of Estuary and mangrove ecosystems had greater similarities than those in the sandy beach.
A SIMPLE PARAFFIN EMBEDDED PROTOCOL FOR FISH EGG, EMBRYO, AND LARVAE Gratiana Eka Wijayanti; Priadi Setyawan; Indah Dwi Kurniawati
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (924.039 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2017.4.2.420

Abstract

This paper describes a simple protocol of paraffin-embedded histological section for fish eggs, embryo and larvae of the hard-lipped barb and the giant gourami. The specimens were fixed in Bouin solution, washed in 70% ethanol, then were dehydrated in a series of ethanol solution of increasing concentration until absolute ethanol was reached. The specimens were cleared in graded xylene and were infiltrated with liquid paraffin then were embedded in pure paraffin. Upon sectioning, at 4–5 µm thick the specimens were attached to the gelatin-coated glass slide and let to dry at room temperature or 37°C overnight. The specimens were deparaffinized in xylene, rehydrated then were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. After being dehydrated in graded ethanol, the specimens were cleared in xylene and were mounted with an organic mounting agent. Any step in preparing histological section including samples collection, fixation, dehydration, infiltration and embedding might contribute to the quality of histological features. A proper knowledge of the tissues beeing processed, fixative solution and the histological techniques is essential to gain good results. Bouin fixative is preferable to fix fish larvae and produce a good histological feature. Decalcification is necessary to produce a good histological section on the specimens containing bone.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA KADAR UREUM, KREATININ DAN KLIRENS KREATININ DENGAN PROTEINURIA PADA PENDERITA DIABETES MELLITUS Vitasari Indriani
Scripta Biologica Vol 5, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2018.5.3.726

Abstract

Pemeriksaan ureum, kreatinin dan klirens kreatinin adalah pemeriksaan untuk monitoring fungsi ginjal seseorang. Pemeriksaan ini dapat dilakukan pada laboratorium pratama dengan akses yang terjangkau. Pemeriksaan albumin urin sebagai petanda dini dari komplikasi mikrovaskuler pada DM. albuminuria relative mahal dan tidak semua laboratorium dapat melaksanakan pemeriksaan ini, sehingga penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan alternatif deteksi komplikasi nefropati diabetikum pada penderita DM. Membuktikan adanya hubungan ureum, kreatinin dan klirens kreatinin dengan proteinuria pada penderita DM. Harapannya pemeriksaan fungsi ginjal dapat dilaksanakan rutin pada pusat pelayanan kesehatan 1 untuk mendeteksi dini komplikasi nefropati pada penderita Diabetes Mellitus. Desain observasional analitik dengan pendekatan belah lintang (cross sectional). Responden 35 orang DM dilakukan pemeriksaan ureum dan kreatinin metoda enzimatik, Klirens kreatinin dengan perhitungan cockroft gault formula dan proteinuria dengan pemeriksaan albumin urin metoda immuno chromatografi. Hubungan antar variabel dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Pearson. Terdapat hubungan antara kadar ureum, kreatinin, klirens kreatinin dengan proteinuria (p=0,298;0,386;0,382).Komplikasi DM mikrovaskuler yang terjadi akibat kerusakan glomerulus menyebabkan sejumlah protein darah diekskresikan ke dalam urin secara abnormal. Protein utama yang diekskresikan adalah albumin. Peningkatan kadar albumin dalam urin merupakan tanda awal adanya kerusakan ginjal oleh karena diabetes. Terdapat hubungan sinifikan antara ureum, kreatinin dan klirens kreatinin dengan proteinuria pada pasien Diabetes Mellitus.
KARAKTERISASI BEBERAPA STRAIN GURAMI Osphronemus gouramy Lac. MENGGUNAKAN MARKA RAPD Anisa Kartika Sari; Agus Nuryanto; Agus Hery Susanto
Scripta Biologica Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (215.157 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2014.1.1.35

Abstract

Giant gouramy, Osphronemus gouramy Lac. is a popular fish species in Indonesia, especially in Java and Sumatera as this freshwater fish species has a high economic value of stable price. Fish farmers in Bogor divide giant gouramy into six strains based on egg productivity, growth rate, and maximum weight of the adult. They are soang, jepang, blue saphire, paris, bastar, and porselin. These various strains lead to the need of study on the genetic relationship among them, which can be performed by the use of RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) marker. This study aims to determine primers producing consistent and polymorphic RAPD markers, determine specific RAPD markers, and know the genetic relationship among several giant gouramy strains. The strains used in this study are soang, jepang, and blue saphire. Survey method was applied employing purposive random sampling technique. Total genomic DNA was isolated using Genjettm genomic DNA purification kit (Fermentas), which was then used as template to amplify RAPD markers with primers OPA-07, OPA-09, OPA-11, OPA-20, OPAH-01, OPAH-08, OPAH-09, and OPAC-14. The variables examined were patterns and numbers of specific DNA fragments as the PCR amplification products. Selected primers were determined descriptively on the basis of specific DNA bands appearing on the agarose gel. Genetic diversity was predetermined by changing qualitative band pattern into quantitative binnary data. Genetic relationship was analyzed using cladistic method with PAUP software. The results showed that only five of the eight primers produce consistent and polymorphic RAPD markers, i.e. OPA-11, OPA-20, OPAH-1, OPAH-8, and OPAH-9. Specific RAPD markers which can be used to distinguish several gouramy strains are those amplified with OPA-20 of 786 bp, OPA-20 of 1,176 bp, OPAH-8 of 1,000 bp and OPAC-14 of 1,607 bp. Nervertheless, it was found that RAPD markers cannot be used to clearly determine genetic relationship among gouramy strains.
DESKRIPSI KONDISI HABITAT SIAMANG, Symphalangus syndactylus, DI HUTAN LINDUNG REGISTER 28 PEMATANG NEBA KABUPATEN TANGGAMUS Bunga Indah Permatasari; Agus Setiawan; Arief Darmawan
Scripta Biologica Vol 4, No 4 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1351.592 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2017.4.4.641

Abstract

The Siamang, Symphalangus syndactylus, an arboreal black-furred gibbon member of the family Hylobatidae is listed as an endangered species by IUCN since 2008. The main threat to Siamang is the degraded habitat in term of quality and extent due to fragmentation. Protected forest Register 28 Pematang Neba located in Kabupaten Tanggamus is an example of the Siamang habitat threatened by the surrounding land conversion. This study aimed to determine the vegetation structure and profile of the Siamang habitat and to determine the diversity and abundance of plants the diet of Siamang. This study was a survey, and the observation was conducted from July to August 2017 applying three belt transect in the Protected Forest Register 28 Pematang Neba. The vegetation structure and profile of the Siamang habitat showed the distance between trees was more than 4 m that influence the Siamang activity in foraging, resting, and playing. The IVI showed a moderate category at the level of 130.813%, 135.948%, and 122.98% for habitat 1, 2, and 3 accordingly. The diversity index showed a moderate category at the level of 2.905 and 2.762 for habitat 1 and 2 respectively, and a high category for habitat 3 at the level of 3.066. The similarity index values among habitats were considered high (69-81%) allowing Siamang to migrate between habitats. The variety of Siamang diet was composed of leaves, fruits, and flowers.
BIODEGRADATION OF DIESEL OIL BY YEAST ISOLATED FROM MANGROVE’S RHIZOSPHERE Ryan Firman Syah; Agus Irianto; Nuniek Ina Ratnaningtyas
Scripta Biologica Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Biologi | Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (819.018 KB) | DOI: 10.20884/1.sb.2018.5.2.814

Abstract

Diesel oil-degrading yeast strains isolated from mangrove rhizosphere at Tritih Kulon, Cilacap had been screened with SMSS medium. Four culturable yeast were isolated. Qualitative test was conducted by culturing and incubating the yeasts for one month in a medium added with 1mL diesel oil. By measuring the reduction of diesel oil, two best yeasts were selected. The quantitative test, GC-MS analysis, was conducted to determine the detailed degradation process of diesel oil. Candida lusitaniae and Cryptococcus laurentii performed the degradative ability. Three highest percent area of hydrocarbon compounds were compared for assessment. The results showed that C. lusitanie had better degradative capability than C. laurentii, in which hexadecane and methyl hexadecanoate decreased by 90–95%, and 9-octadecenoic acid, methyl ester declined by 30–40%. The increasing pH medium during incubation suggested that fermentation process occurred.

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