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Kosmik Hukum
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
ISSN : 14119781     EISSN : 26559242     DOI : 10.30595/jkh
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Kosmik Hukum adalah jurnal peer reviewed dan Open-Acces yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto. Kosmik Hukum mengundang para peneliti, dosen, dan praktisi di seluruh dunia untuk bertukar dan memajukan keilmuan di bidang hukum yang meliputi berbagai aspek hukum seperti Hukum Pidana, Hukum Perdata, Hukum Tata Negara, Hukum Administrasi Negara, Hukum Acara, Hukum Bisnis, dan sebagainya. Dokumen yang dikirim harus dalam format Ms. Word dan ditulis sesuai dengan panduan penulisan. Kosmik Hukum terbit dua kali dalam setahun pada bulan Januari dan Juli.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 274 Documents
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Compensatory Annulment Justice in Indonesian Marriage Law: Coercion, Cohabitation, and Substantive Protection Nur, Muliadi; Bukido, Rosdalina; Subeitan, Syahrul Mubarak
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v26i2.30648

Abstract

Existing scholarship on marriage annulment in Indonesian family law primarily addresses formal defects of validity and coercion, but offers limited analysis of compensatory remedies when annulment produces social and economic harm. This article addresses that gap by examining Decision No. 42/Pdt.G/2023/PA.Llk and introducing the concept of compensatory annulment justice, defined as a judicial approach that annuls a coerced marriage while preserving limited remedies for relational harm. Using a normative juridical, case-based analysis, the study treats the decision as primary legal material to assess judicial reasoning on consent, coercion, cohabitation, and compensation. The findings show that the court moved beyond formal validity by (i) construing coercion through witness-based proof of psychological threat, (ii) positioning premarital cohabitation and local custom as relevant social facts without allowing them to override free consent, and (iii) awarding Rp2,000,000 via reconventional claim grounded in unlawful act doctrine and proportionality. These results demonstrate that annulment need not erase all consequences of the relationship. The study contributes a coherent framework for integrating consent protection with post-annulment responsibility, offering doctrinal guidance for courts to balance autonomy, legal pluralism, and substantive justice in family disputes.
Closing Indonesia’s Regulatory Gap on Deepfake Crimes: Comparative Lessons from the European Union, the United States, and China Triana, Ikama Dewi Setia; Periani, Aniek; Atyanta, Arka
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v26i2.25751

Abstract

The rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology has accelerated the emergence of deepfake media capable of manipulating audio, video, and images with highly realistic results. Although deepfake technology offers creative and economic benefits, its misuse has created serious legal, ethical, and social challenges, including digital fraud, political disinformation, identity theft, and non-consensual pornography. Indonesia currently lacks a comprehensive legal framework specifically regulating deepfake and generative AI technologies, resulting in regulatory fragmentation and weak victim protection. This study aims to analyze comparative regulatory models regarding deepfake crimes in the European Union, the United States, and the People’s Republic of China, as well as to examine the urgency of legal reform in Indonesia. This research employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches. The findings demonstrate that the European Union adopts a risk-based and transparency-oriented model through the Artificial Intelligence Act, the United States applies fragmented sectoral regulations prioritizing freedom of expression, while China emphasizes state-centered digital governance and platform liability. Meanwhile, Indonesia still experiences legal uncertainty, limited digital forensic capacity, and the absence of platform accountability mechanisms. This study argues that Indonesia urgently requires a comprehensive AI and deepfake regulatory framework integrating mandatory labeling obligations, victim-oriented protection, AI forensic standards, and platform responsibility mechanisms to ensure digital security, legal certainty, and the protection of human rights in cyberspace.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Intellectual Property Law Enforcement in Indonesia: Legal Substance, Institutional Structure, and Legal Culture Pajrin, Rani; Saputra, Rian; Kurniawan, Itok Dwi
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v26i2.28517

Abstract

This article examines the effectiveness of intellectual property rights law enforcement in Indonesia by analysing three main elements of the legal system: legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture. The study focuses on the enforcement of intellectual property rights through civil mechanisms, criminal proceedings, and alternative dispute resolution. The analysis shows that the effectiveness of intellectual property enforcement is influenced not only by the adequacy of legal norms, but also by the capacity and coordination of law enforcement institutions, procedural efficiency, and public legal awareness. In civil disputes, parties are encouraged to strengthen contractual clauses that refer disputes to alternative dispute resolution or arbitration mechanisms, as these forums may provide faster, more confidential, cost-efficient, and legally certain outcomes. Meanwhile, in criminal enforcement, challenges remain in the technical capacity of law enforcement officials, inter-institutional coordination, and bureaucratic complexity. Therefore, improving intellectual property law enforcement in Indonesia requires strengthening the competence of law enforcement officers, simplifying enforcement procedures, enhancing institutional collaboration, and increasing public awareness of intellectual property protection. These measures are essential to create a more professional, efficient, and practical enforcement system that supports legal certainty and the protection of innovation.
Victim Oriented Plea Bargaining in Indonesia’s Criminal Justice System : Toward Substantive Justice for Victims of Crime Rizkianto, Kus; Rahayu, Kanti; Nunna, Bhanu Prakash
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 26 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v26i2.28841

Abstract

This study examines the formulation of a victim-oriented plea bargaining model to promote substantive justice for both defendants and victims in Indonesia. Plea bargaining refers to a defendant’s admission of guilt through negotiation with the public prosecutor in exchange for a reduced sentence. It may be applied to first-time offenses punishable by a maximum imprisonment of five years and a maximum fine of five hundred million rupiah, provided that the defendant agrees to compensate the victim. However, judicial practice shows that plea bargaining tends to prioritize imprisonment while neglecting victims’ rights to restitution. Using a normative juridical method, this study analyzes statutory regulations and legal literature through qualitative descriptive analysis. The findings reveal two main issues. First, plea bargaining is regulated under Article 78 paragraph (1), Article 205 paragraph (2), and Article 234 paragraph (1) of Law Number 20 of 2025 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code, but non-compliance with restitution obligations only results in substitute imprisonment, leaving victims uncompensated. Second, a victim-oriented model should require defendants to apologize, involve victims in negotiations, and ensure agreement on compensation, settlement mechanisms, and criminal sanctions. When defendants are unable to provide compensation, the State should assume responsibility through a victim compensation fund. This study recommends revising the Criminal Procedure Code, establishing state-funded victim compensation, strengthening prosecutorial supervision over plea bargaining agreements, and formulating Supreme Court guidelines to balance defendants’ rights with victims’ substantive justice.

Page 28 of 28 | Total Record : 274

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