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Kosmik Hukum
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
ISSN : 14119781     EISSN : 26559242     DOI : 10.30595/jkh
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Kosmik Hukum adalah jurnal peer reviewed dan Open-Acces yang diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto. Kosmik Hukum mengundang para peneliti, dosen, dan praktisi di seluruh dunia untuk bertukar dan memajukan keilmuan di bidang hukum yang meliputi berbagai aspek hukum seperti Hukum Pidana, Hukum Perdata, Hukum Tata Negara, Hukum Administrasi Negara, Hukum Acara, Hukum Bisnis, dan sebagainya. Dokumen yang dikirim harus dalam format Ms. Word dan ditulis sesuai dengan panduan penulisan. Kosmik Hukum terbit dua kali dalam setahun pada bulan Januari dan Juli.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 243 Documents
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Optimizing the Eradication of Human Trafficking in Batam City: A Comparison of Indonesian and Singaporean Laws Maysura, Neha Aswin; Amboro, Yudhi Priyo; Nurlaily, Nurlaily
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i1.25132

Abstract

Human Trafficking is a global issue that continues to escalate, including in Batam City, one of Indonesia's Human Trafficking hotspots. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of combating Human Trafficking Crimes (Human Trafficking) in Batam City by comparing Indonesian and Singaporean laws. The research addresses the implementation of Indonesian laws, regulatory comparisons between the two countries, and recommendations for ideal solutions.The study employs normative and empirical legal methods with legislative, conceptual, and sociological approaches. Data were collected through literature reviews and interviews with relevant institutions in Batam. The findings reveal that although Indonesia’s Law No. 21 of 2007 provides a comprehensive legal framework, its implementation faces challenges such as weak inter-agency coordination, limited support facilities, and low public legal awareness. In comparison, Singapore has more effective regulations with severe sanctions and advanced technology. Recommendations include revising specific articles in Law No. 21 of 2007, strengthening cross-sectoral coordination, enhancing victim protection facilities, providing intensive training for law enforcement officers, and applying technological support. These measures are expected to optimize the fight against Human Trafficking in Batam City.
Critique of Intellectual Property Law Supervision and Policy: Towards a Structured System in Indonesia Nurwati, Nurwati; Khotamir Rusli, Radif; Roestamy, Martin; Rahman Nur Ibnu, Adi
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i1.25148

Abstract

Intellectual property (IP) law plays a crucial role in fostering innovation, creativity, and economic growth by safeguarding intellectual assets such as inventions, trademarks, and artistic works. However, the rapidly evolving technological landscape, globalization, and the rise of digital platforms have exposed significant shortcomings in existing IP legal frameworks. Key challenges include inconsistent enforcement mechanisms, fragmented legal systems, online piracy, and insufficient stakeholder awareness, particularly in developing economies. Despite attempts at reform, IP policies often remain reactive and disconnected, limiting their ability to address cross-border complexities and technological advancements effectively. This study critically evaluates the current state of IP law, identifying gaps and proposing solutions for a cohesive, proactive framework. Employing a normative legal approach, it examines statutory provisions, case law, and policy documents, with key references including the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), WIPO standards, and regional agreements. Comparative analyses of the US, EU, and Japan provide insights into best practices and highlight policy deficiencies. The findings underscore five critical issues: weak enforcement mechanisms, fragmented legal frameworks, digital challenges, low stakeholder awareness, and gaps in international cooperation. The study advocates for harmonized enforcement strategies, increased stakeholder education, and strengthened cross-border collaboration. These recommendations aim to establish an adaptive IP system aligned with technological progress, fostering global innovation and effectively protecting creators and businesses.
Digital Measurement Model as a Support Tool for the Validity of Village Land Administration Data Handayani, Sri Wahyu; Elfudllatsani, Bahar; Akbar, Mohammad Irham
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i1.25281

Abstract

This research aims to recommend the implementation of the digital measurement model on Village Devices and Land Data Collectors (PULDATAN) so that the collection of land data, both physical and juridical, serves as a means to support the validity of village land data. This aims to support the National Program for Complete Systematic Land Registration as mandated by Article 19 of Law Number 5 of 1960 on the Basic Agrarian Law. The location of this research is conducted in Panembangan Village, Cilongok District, Banyumas Regency. The research on the model of implementing digital measurement in village administration was conducted through the following stages: 1. Updating the Juridical Data of Village Land; 2. Updating the Physical Data of Village Land; 3. Computerization and Digitalization of Village Land Administration. The method used in this research is the empirical juridical method. This research aims to review the application of digital measurement as a form of implementing land administration law in villages to support the validity of land data in the villages. This research produces a digital measurement model in villages to prevent agrarian disputes/conflicts. The validity of village land data is the initial gateway to land administration order.
Gender Equality Implementation in Women’s Legal Cases in Religious Courts Kania, Dede; Fatoni, Siti Nur; Kusmayanti, Hazar; Rahmanillah, Vienka
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i2.25472

Abstract

This article analyses the implementation of the Supreme Court Regulation Number 3 of 2017 concerning Guidelines for Trial of Cases Involving Women Facing Legal Challenges (which is then written as SC Reg. 3/2017) in Religious Affairs Courts. This regulation provides a guideline and serves as a reference point for judges which helps them to better understand and implement the principles of gender equality and non-discrimination in hearing and trying a case involving women. This study employs juridical-empirical approach method and purposive sampling as the data collection technique in interviewing several judges at multiple religious affairs courts in Java Island, as well as in literature review. The result of this study shows that judges at religious affairs courts have adopted Supreme Court Regulation Number 3 of 2017 (hereinafter, SC Reg. 3/2017), although in their practices, even after four years since the enactment, there still isn’t any consensus or shared views amongst judges in implementing matters such as post-divorce women’s rights, especially regarding verstek (in absentia) judgment. However, several religious affairs court judges have shown a good understanding of equality between men and women, indicated by judgments that favours women. Religious court judges in their ex officio capacity may grant rights to divorced wives, even if they are not requested.
Potential Abuse of Unaccountable Management of One-Person Company in Banking Loan Agreement Budiyono, Budiyono; Sumiyati, Yeti; Suhada, Ahmad Syauqi; Januarita, Ratna; Ali, Syuhaeda Aeni Mat
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i2.25522

Abstract

One of the new legal subjects in Indonesian corporate law based on Law Number 6 of 2023 on the Stipulation of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law Number 2 of 2022 on Job Creation into Law (Job Creation Law) is a One-Person Company (which is then written as OPC), which is a legal entity that meets the criteria of micro and small businesses. This review aims to analyse the management mechanism of an OPC under the Job Creation Law, which is linked to the Principle of Accountability in banking credit agreements. The management mechanism of a One-Person Company under the Job Creation Law is unclear, namely the ambiguity of the definition and functions of the company's organs, which is only centered on one shareholder, concurrently as the organ that runs and supervises the company, so that the management of an OPC becomes unaccountable. The unaccountable management mechanism of an OPC has the potential to abuse the authority of the company's organs. In a banking credit agreement entered into by an OPC, this can occur at the stage of the credit application process and the execution of the credit agreement. At the credit application stage, the absence of a Board of Commissioners in an OPC has the consequence that the decision on the credit application plan is only in the hands of one organ only, namely the shareholder, who is one person, who also doubles as a director of the company through a Shareholders' Resolution. There are no other organs that can be asked for consideration and or approval related to credit applications that are in accordance with the needs of the company. Meanwhile, at the stage of implementing the credit agreement, there is no other organ that carries out the function of supervising the use of credit and the obligation to submit periodic financial reports to the bank, in accordance with the positive/affirmative covenants agreed in the credit agreement.
Promoting Responsible Vehicle Ownership to Prevent Underage Driving and Motorcycling: A Legal Solution for Indonesia Tantimin, Tantimin; Jaya, Febri; Tan, David; Fitri, Winda
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i1.25541

Abstract

This study aims to address and ultimately find the solution to the phenomenon of underage driving and motorcycling in Indonesia. The continued rise of vehicle ownership has also increased the risks of traffic accidents, which are then exacerbated by the phenomenon of underage driving and motorcycling. Ultimately, this has raised the urgency to thoroughly analyze the causes behind this phenomenon and explore other legal angles to curb this problem and increase the safety of all road users. Through the normative legal research method with statutory approach, this study finds that there are normative inadequacies within the relevant legal framework to tackle the issue of underage driving and motorcycling. This study also proposes a strategy to help tackle this problem by focusing on holding vehicle owners more accountable with a structured penalty system directly to the owners of the vehicles, as they are enabling this dangerous behavior.
School Transfer to Support Reintegration of Juveniles Involved in Inappropriate Photo-Sharing Situmeang, Ampuan; Hutauruk, Rufinus Hotmaulana; Alhakim, Abdurrakhman; Febriyani, Emiliya
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i2.25550

Abstract

One the negative usages of digital technology is the sharing of inappropriate photo to someone online. However, as social media users are often the target of doxing, young persons who commit this offense can also be considered victims, leaving them vulnerable to bullying, especially in their own environment, such as school. Using normative legal research method and statutory approach, this research analyzes the potentials of school transfer as a post-criminal proceedings method for juveniles who commit sexual offense in the form of inappropriate photo-sharing, to first get them to an environment safe enough for them to be educated on their mistakes in another school, which is important for their growth. This study identifies normative gaps within the Juvenile Justice, Pornography, and Education Laws that hinder the reintegration of juveniles involved in online sexual offenses, proposing school transfer as a mitigative strategy against bullying and harassment. It emphasizes the need for further research to address implementation challenges, underscoring the importance of a holistic restorative justice approach.
Corporate Liability In Child Rights Violations Sofian, Ahmad Sofian; Hasibuan, Batara Mulia; Sari, Anisa Oktavia Perwita; Capaldi, Mark P.
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i1.25718

Abstract

This paper aims to explore the liability of the business sector in violations of children's rights that occur in Indonesia. In exploring the issue of liability, the author integrates the case with the principle of rights in business that applies globally known as Children's Rights and Business Principles (CRBP). Then the problem raised in this research is how the attribution of responsibility of the business sector when running its business violates children's rights, how the business sector integrates CRBP in its business to prevent violations of children's rights.  This research is a normative research and the legal materials used are Law No. 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law No. 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection and Law No. 13 of 2003 concerning Labor. The findings of the research are that national laws do not specifically regulate the liability of the business sector when it violates children's rights. The business sector can only be held accountable in criminal or civil cases that cause harm to children.  Therefore, this study recommends that CRBPs be integrated in the revision of the Child Protection Law and apply liability in the form of criminal or civil or administrative witnesses when violations of children's rights by the business sector occur.
Legal Protection for Workers with Fixed-Term Employment Agreements Before and After the Job Creation Law Hanifah, Ida; Koto, Ismail
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i2.25755

Abstract

Workers perceive that several new provisions regarding Fixed-Term Employment Agreements are detrimental to their rights. According to research findings, an agreement is considered valid if it meets the provisions stipulated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code. The requirements for a valid agreement are regulated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code. Article 1 Paragraph (14) of Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning employment, an employment agreement is: "An agreement between workers/laborers and employers or employers containing work conditions, rights and obligations of the parties." Employment agreements are divided into Fixed-Term Employment agreements and permanent employment agreements. The provisions regarding employment agreements made in writing have been regulated in Article 54, paragraph 1 of Law Number 13 of 2003 on Manpower. The provisions, nature, and type of work for a fixed-term employment agreement can be seen in Article 59. Changes in the duration of Fixed-Term Employment Agreements are regulated in Article 59, Paragraph (4) of the Manpower Law, which states that a Fixed-Term Employment Agreement can be made for a maximum period of two years and may be extended only once for a maximum period of one year. This means that if an employer applies a renewal system, the maximum duration for a Fixed-Term Employment Agreement is four years. However, in Article 81, Number 12 of the Job Creation Law, which amends Article 56 of the Manpower Law, Paragraph (3) stipulates that the employment contract determines the duration of a Fixed-Term Employment Agreement. Article 59 of the Job Creation Law eliminates the specific duration requirement for Fixed-Term Employment Agreements.
The Capability of Artificial Intelligence in Calculating the Losses of Crime Victims Putra, Panca Sarjana; Siagian, Fahrizal S
Kosmik Hukum Vol. 25 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30595/kosmikhukum.v25i2.25817

Abstract

Crime has been a problem that has occurred since human civilisation existed. Criminal offences continue to experience significant developments, and so do the efforts to overcome them. Criminal offences cause victims physical, mental, and/or economic losses. Victims' losses need to be compensated through restitution. With global developments, the potential use of artificial intelligence to calculate restitution should be maximised The issues in this research are as follows: First, what are the judicial provisions regarding artificial intelligence in the criminal justice system in Indonesia? Second, how does the capability of artificial intelligence in calculating the losses of crime victims compare to that in the United States? This research uses normative juridical research method with a literature study. The result of this research is that the juridical provisions of Artificial Intelligence in the criminal justice system in Indonesia are not specifically regulated in Indonesia, but only explained in general in several national laws and regulations. Further studies on the ability of artificial intelligence to calculate the losses of crime victims are necessary to achieve legal certainty. Artificial intelligence aims to optimize the estimation of victims' losses to ensure their rights are properly fulfilled. The comparative study of artificial intelligence’s capability in loss calculation between Indonesia and the United States should be properly implemented in Indonesia’s criminal justice system. Incorporating artificial intelligence in restitution calculations aims to eliminate errors or inaccuracies in determining restitution amounts, an issue that frequently arises.

Page 24 of 25 | Total Record : 243

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