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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of International Relations
Published by Asosiasi Ilmu Hubungan Internasional Indonesia
ISSN : 2657165X     EISSN : 25484109     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Social Sciences
IJIR is a scientific journal focuses on the issues of states relations both in the regional and international scope. Mostly on, but not limited to, Indonesia and the Southeast Asian region. IJIR is published by and served as the official journal of the International Relations National Association in Indonesia. It aims to publish high-quality articles as an academic contribution and foreign policy considerations through the dissemination of highly stimulated theoretical and empirical research with a clear methodology for international readers.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 156 Documents
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Implementasi Praktik Perdagangan Adil Terhadap Pekerja Tekstil Perempuan di Sri Lanka Kezia Regina Setyono; Elisabeth Dewi
Indonesian Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 1 (2026): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Publisher : Indonesian Association for International Relations

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32787/ijir.v10i1.773

Abstract

This study investigates the implementation of fair-trade practices by Patagonia, with a focus on the treatment of female textile workers in Sri Lanka. It employs a qualitative research method using a case study approach and relies on secondary data. The analytical framework is based on the fair-trade principles established by the World Fair Trade Organization (WFTO), which emphasize economic justice, the protection of workers' rights, and the empowerment of women. The results indicate that women make up the majority of the textile sector in Sri Lanka. However, they are often marginalized as low-wage, non-technical workers, relegated to lower production roles with limited opportunities for economic advancement. There is a notable discrepancy between the fair-trade narrative promoted by Patagonia and the actual conditions faced by female workers in production. These findings suggest that the practices implemented by Patagonia and its supplier factories do not fully align with the core objectives of the WFTO's fair-trade principles
Air Power and Regional Security: Assessing Indonesia’s Air Defense Strategy in The Context of ASEAN Regional Refa Defanda; Aswin Ariyanto Azis
Indonesian Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 1 (2026): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Publisher : Indonesian Association for International Relations

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32787/ijir.v10i1.776

Abstract

This study examines Indonesia's air defense policy within the context of ASEAN regional security. It employs the concept of Air Superiority alongside the Regional Security Complex Theory (RSCT) to analyze significant acquisitions such as the Rafale fighter jet, the F-15EX, participation in the KF-21 Boramae program, the deployment of the NASAMS system, and multilateral exercises like Garuda Shield. The findings indicate that Indonesia's modernization efforts are a response to challenges to its sovereignty, frequent violations of its airspace, and emerging threats including drone and missile proliferation. Regionally, these enhancements to Indonesia's air power are altering the security balance in relation to well-equipped ASEAN neighbors such as Singapore and Malaysia, while also reinforcing ASEAN's cooperative but non-binding security mechanisms. The primary contribution of this study is its demonstration that Indonesia's modernization efforts strengthen national deterrence and promote regional stability, while also highlighting the limitations of ASEAN's institutional framework. Future research should include operational assessments and scenario-based exercises to better anticipate Indonesia's evolving role in ASEAN security
Digital Diplomacy as Denial: Israel's Strategic Response to Famine Allegations and Genocide Accusations in Gaza Muhammad Alfian Maulana
Indonesian Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 1 (2026): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Publisher : Indonesian Association for International Relations

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32787/ijir.v10i1.805

Abstract

This study examines how Israel employs digital diplomacy as a strategy of denial in response to international accusations regarding the use of starvation as a weapon of war and mass murder in Gaza. Utilizing W. Timothy Coombs' Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT), the research identifies a systematic pattern of denial that includes three key strategies: attacking the accuser, outright denial, and scapegoating. Through qualitative descriptive analysis, the study reveals that Israel's digital communication acts as a coordinated crisis management mechanism, rather than a spontaneous public messaging effort. The strategy of attacking the accuser seeks to delegitimize institutions such as the International Criminal Court (ICC) by portraying them as biased or politically motivated. The denial strategy creates an alternative narrative that illustrates Gaza as being unaffected by starvation, while the scapegoating strategy shifts moral and legal responsibility onto Hamas. The findings conclude that state-led digital communication can effectively negate empirically substantiated humanitarian crises and reshape the moral narrative surrounding armed conflict.
Institutional Mediation of Gender Equality Norms: UN Women and The National Action Plan In Ethiopia’s Education Sector in 2021–2023 Eka Dwi Yanti; Sintia Catur Sutantri
Indonesian Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 1 (2026): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Publisher : Indonesian Association for International Relations

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32787/ijir.v10i1.829

Abstract

This study analyzes the role of UN Women in addressing gender inequality in Ethiopia’s education sector through the 2021–2023 National Action Plan (NAP). Using a qualitative descriptive method supported by document analysis and the theories of constructivism, international organizations, and gender equality. The study reviews NAP implementation through programs such as the Gender Transformative Norm Project, the Leadership for Results Programme, and the Education Equality for Climate Resilience Programme. The findings indicate improvements in women’s access to education, shifts in social norms, and stronger coordination between UN Women, the Ethiopian government, and local stakeholders. However, cultural resistance, limited resources, and disparities in educational quality continue to hinder progress. The study concludes that reducing gender inequality requires sustained long-term strategies and multi-sector collaboration to build an inclusive and gender-responsive education system that supports transformative and lasting change
Phased Market Acclimatization and Periodic Economic Resilience: Indonesia Response to The Russia–Ukraine War (2020–2025) Dharma Feriawan; Ali Maksum
Indonesian Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 1 (2026): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Publisher : Indonesian Association for International Relations

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32787/ijir.v10i1.834

Abstract

This study examines Indonesia's response to external economic shocks triggered by the Russia–Ukraine War from 2020 to 2025. It follows a phased process of market acclimatization and periodic economic resilience. Grounded in the theory of economic resilience—encompassing absorptive, adaptive, and transformative capacities—and perspectives on global supply chain restructuring, the research employs a qualitative descriptive-analytical approach. The analysis utilizes secondary trade data from TradeMap and SatuData (Ministry of Trade), exchange rate statistics from Bank Indonesia, and official trade and food policy documents to trace shifts in commodity flows, import structures, and policy responses. The findings indicate a sequential trajectory of resilience. Initial financial stabilization, reflecting absorptive capacity, occurred from 2020 to 2021. This was followed by policy recalibration, demonstrated through subsidy adjustments and import diversification, which showcased adaptive capacity from 2022 to 2023. Finally, between 2024 and 2025, structural reforms in trade configuration and food diversification signified the emergence of transformative capacity. These results suggest that Indonesia's response evolved from short-term stabilization towards progressively institutionalized economic resilience
Beyond Ideology: An Exploratory Case Study of Women’s Disengagement Pathways from Transnational Terrorist Networks in Indonesia Machya Astuti Dewi; Melaty Anggraini; Iva Rachmawati; Herlina Jayadianti
Indonesian Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 1 (2026): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Publisher : Indonesian Association for International Relations

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32787/ijir.v10i1.845

Abstract

This study analyses factors influencing the disengagement of Indonesian women from transnational ISIS-affiliated networks. Utilizing the Attitudes-Behaviors Corrective (ABC) Model and gendered push-pull theory, this study presents a qualitative case study of three former ISIS sympathizers through semi-structured interviews. The research identifies three disengagement pathways: (1) relation-ideology disengagement through a partner with shared experiences; (2) behavioral disengagement via vocational training in prison and humane treatment from officers; and (3) religious interpretation disengagement through self-directed pragmatic accommodation. Findings show that women's disengagement is more relationally and practically oriented rather than rooted in organizational or ideological motivations, highlighting that their departure from these networks is not solely ideology-driven.
We Were Never Friends: The Nanjing Massacre and The Media Construction of The Sino-Japanese Diplomatic Stalemate Maurits Bhoas Ering
Indonesian Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 2 (2026): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Publisher : Indonesian Association for International Relations

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32787/ijir.v10i2.781

Abstract

This study aims to analyze how the BBC frames Sino-Japanese relations, focusing on the role of historical memory in the construction of bilateral tensions. This study is based on a constructivist perspective and uses Entman's framing model through qualitative framing analysis of BBC reporting. The analysis focuses on four elements of Entman's framing: problem definition, diagnose causes, make moral judgment, and treatment recommendations. The findings show that the BBC consistently frames history as the main source of tension, representing China as an actor that actively articulates historical memory, while Japan is portrayed as an actor bound by its past and cautious in its responses. This study concludes that media framing plays a role in shaping asymmetrical agency narratives, while also showing how the media contributes to the formation of political meaning and national identity in international relations.
Antara Ambisi Geoekonomi dan Ketergantungan Struktural: Posisi Indonesia dalam Rantai Pasok Baterai Kendaraan Listrik Asia-Pasifik Zhillan Zhalila Fahlevi; Roy Setiawan; Ahmad Mujaddid Fachrurreza; Maudy Noor Fadhlia
Indonesian Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 2 (2026): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Publisher : Indonesian Association for International Relations

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32787/ijir.v10i2.787

Abstract

This study analyzes how Indonesia’s geoeconomic strategy interacts with structural dependence on foreign capital and technology in the Asia-Pacific electric vehicle (EV) battery supply chain. Using Analytic Eclecticism, it combines geoeconomics and Dependency Theory through qualitative analysis of regulations and industry reports from 2014–2025. The findings indicate that while Indonesia has successfully relocated some nickel processing and battery-cell manufacturing due to export restrictions and state policies, it still relies on foreign partners for advanced production capabilities. Although diversifying partners can reduce dependence, Indonesia remains structurally subordinate in higher-value segments even as it gains stronger bargaining power
Penerapan Strategi Kautilya dalam Kebijakan Luar Negeri India Terhadap Pakistan dan Cina Elok Fitrotul Maulidah; Mutiara Anugerah Pekerti
Indonesian Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 2 (2026): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Publisher : Indonesian Association for International Relations

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32787/ijir.v10i2.789

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of Kautilya’s classical strategy in modern India’s foreign policy towards Pakistan and China. Utilizing Realism and the Shadgunya concept from the Arthashastra as its theoretical framework, this descriptive-qualitative research adopts a literature study approach to dissect the geopolitical dynamics of South Asia. The results indicate that India offensively applies the Vigraha (confrontation) pillar against Pakistan as its primary adversary, while utilizing the Sandhi (alliance) pillar through the QUAD to curb China’s expansion in the Indo-Pacific. Concurrently, the Dvaidhibhava (dual policy) pillar is flexibly deployed toward China to balance border disputes with economic partnerships. In conclusion, ancient Indian strategic thought remains pragmatically relevant, actively adopted by contemporary policymakers to secure national interests and maintain a balance of power in the region
Localizing Global Urban Agendas: Implementing SDG 11 and the ASEAN Smart Cities Framework in Bandar Lampung Khairunnisa Simbolon; Indra Jaya Wiranata
Indonesian Journal of International Relations Vol 10 No 2 (2026): INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Publisher : Indonesian Association for International Relations

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32787/ijir.v10i2.802

Abstract

This study examines how global urban norms, particularly SDG 11 and the ASEAN Smart Cities Network (ASCN), are adopted and internalized within the policy structures of Bandar Lampung City. By modifying Amitav Acharya’s Norm Localization Theory into an instrument-based institutional approach, the study traces interactions between institutional subjects (bureaucratic agencies) and policy objects (planning documents, regulations, and digital platforms). Data were collected through document analysis and institutional interviews. Our findings show that norm adoption is primarily driven by vertical compliance with central government mandates rather than local initiatives. Through translation, grafting, and congruence building, local bureaucracies successfully project an image of digital modernization. However, structural selection triggers policy fragmentation and tech-bias, prioritizing digital administrative efficiency while physical-spatial sustainability remains underdeveloped. The study concludes that in secondary cities, norm localization is likely to produce selective internalization, reducing the concept of a smart and inclusive city to the mere digitalization of bureaucratic services.

Page 15 of 16 | Total Record : 156

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