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INDONESIA
Jurnal Biomedika
Published by Universitas Setia Budi
ISSN : 20892136     EISSN : 23021306     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
JURNAL BIOMEDIKA (p-ISSN:1979-035X, e-ISSN: 2302-1306) is a scientific publication media that accommodates the scientific creativity of lecturers and researchers as outlined in scientific writing, both for academics in Setia Budi University and observers of medical biology and health. Articles published are the results of research in the field or in laboratories, scientific studies and studies of books that have never been published in other media. Information on scientific works can range from biotechnology, health, pharmacology, microbiology, biochemistry, and food analysis and health management.
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Articles 199 Documents
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The Utilization of Lamtoro leaves (Leucaena leucocephala L.) Extract as an Alternative Nitrogen Source on The Formation of Nata de Soya Cellulose from Tofu Whey Waste Ummy Mardiana
Biomedika Vol 14 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v14i1.1162

Abstract

Nata is not only made from coconut water; it is also possible to produce it from other raw materials. In our study, nata de soya has successfully made using tofu whey as raw material. Research focused is on the utilization of lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala L.) leaves as an alternative source of nitrogen in addition to the use of ammonium sulphate and urea which have generally been used in nata production. The selected research method was experimental. First, the Lamtoro leaves were mashed and then inserted into the medium and cooked until it boils. The medium was incubated at room temperature for 12-14 days and the thickness of the cellulose was then measured. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the using of lamtoro leaf extract (Leucaena leucocephala L.) as an alternative source of nitrogen for nata de soya cellulose formation. The optimization of pH and nitrogen contentration have been obyained. Three types of formula have been arranged, i.e. 1⁄2 of the control nitrogen concentration, equivalent, and 2 times of the control nitrogen concentration, to provide the variation concentration. Results found that the optimum pH was 3 and the optimum nitrogen concentration was ½ of the control nitrogen level. Nata de soya has then prepared using optimum condition of pH and nitrogen concentration. The maximum average of nata de soya thickness was 7.6 mm. In addition to leveraging the ability of medicinal plants and reducing the use of chemicals in the food processing, the use of alternate sources of nitrogen may also be adopted in the wider cellulose nata application.
Analysis of Chemical Components and Antibacterial Activity in Essential Oil of Lantana Flowers (Lantana Camara L) Yulia Shara Sembiring; Cut Fatimah Zuhra
Biomedika Vol 14 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v14i1.1164

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the essential oil composition as well as antibacterial activities of essential oil of Lantana camara L flowers against four bacterial strains. Essential oil of Lantana camara L flowers was obtained by hydrodistillation method using Sthal and analyzed by GC-MS. The antibacterial activities of essential oil were tested by using disk diffusion method against four bacterial strains. Results showed 72 compounds for Lantana flowers essential oil, of which caryophyllene (10,87%), davanone (9.84%), a-humulene (7.59%), a-curcumene (3.35%), germacrene D (3.09%), calarene (2.42%), a-muurolene (2.27%), p-cymene (1.79%), 1,8 cineole (1.59%) , δ-cadinene (1.59%), a-copaene (1.12%), nerolidol B (1%) and ß-ocimene (0.54%) were detected as major components. Antibacterial activity assay of Lantana camara L flowers essential oil was examined against four bacterial strains including Gram (+and-) by using disk diffusion agar method. All the tested Gram (+and-) bacterial strains displayed slight to moderate antibacterial activity (7 – 10 mm) against all concentrations of essential oil. The essential oil of Lantana camara L flowers showed remarkable antibacterial activity with inhibition in concentrations of 10% and 20% against the phatogen bacterias Basillus subtilis (9.6 mm; 10.8 mm), Propionibacterium acnes ( 7.6 mm; 8.7 mm), Eschechia coli ( 8.4 mm ; 9.6 mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ( 8.3 mm ; 9.3 mm) showed from zone of inhibition that was formed, zone of inhibition in concentration 20% was bigger than concentration 10%.
The Sensitivity Test of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to Snail Seromucoid and Chitosan in vitro Yusup Subagio Sutanto; Magdalena Sutanto; Agnes Sri Harti; Nony Puspawati
Biomedika Vol 14 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v14i1.1128

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infection caused by M. tuberculosis (MTb) and is transmitted through droplets of phlegm in the air from patients or those suspected of having TB. In general, treatment for TB is done with anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATDs), specifically streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampicin, and ethambutol (SIRE) that takes a long time due to the level of resistance of MTb bacteria. The resistance of MTb triggers ATDs based on natural bioactive compounds. Chitosan as a result of chitin deacetylation can function as an antimicrobial agent because it is polycationic, which is biodegradable, biocompatible, and non-toxic. Snail (Achatina fulica) seromucoid contains antibacterial bioactive compounds, namely glycans, peptides, glycopeptides, achasin protein, and chondroitin sulfate. This study aims at testing the sensitivity of MTb isolates against snail seromucoid and chitosan in vitro. This research applied the experimental research method. MTb isolates were obtained from sputum samples of patients suspected of TB at the Surakarta Regional Public Hospital (RSUD Surakarta). The results of screening for MTb were positive, based on the microscopic examination of MTb using the Ziehl Nelson (ZN) method, the MPT 64 rapid test, and the quick molecular test using the Genexpert method. The research was completed through several stages, including the preparation of a suspension of germs with a concentration of 1 mg/ml or Mc. Farland 0.5-1.0; preparation of the stock solution and working solution (WS); drug sensitivity test (DST) against snail seromucoid; chitosan and ATDs (SIRE) on Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) media; and incubation at 37°C for 3-4 weeks. The results were interpreted on day 28 or day 42. The results have revealed that MTb isolates are 100% resistant to snail seromucoid and 2% chitosan. This study concludes that MTb isolates from suspected TB are resilient to 100% snail seromucoid and 2% chitosan.
Effect of Ethanol Extract from Clove Flower (Syzygium aromaticum) on the Growth of Trichophyton rubrum in vitro Khusnul Khusnul; Pepin Meilani Hildawati; Dewi Peti Virgianti
Biomedika Vol 14 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v14i1.1168

Abstract

Indonesia is one of the countries with a tropical climate that has high temperature and humidity, a good atmosphere for fungal growth so that fungi can be found somewhere. Fungus Trichophyton rubrum is a fungal disease that attacks the nails, skin, hair. One of the preventions of this disease is by giving traditional medicines, namely clove flowers (Syzygium aromaticum) which contain chemical compounds saponins, tannins, flavonoids. Serves as an antioxidant that can prevent dermatosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibition power of clove flowers (Syzygium aromaticum) on the growth of Trichophyton rubrum fungi. This research was carried out an experimental method with the Kirby Bauer method. Concentration dilution of clove ethanol extract (Syzygium aromaticum) from concentration 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%. The results of this study showed that the clove ethanol extract (Syzygium aromaticum) inhibit the growth of Trychophyton rubrum fungus from the concentration of 10% inhibition zone 14 mm, 20% inhibition zone 26 mm, 30% inhibition zone 36 mm, 40% inhibition zone 41 mm, 50% 45 mm inhibition zone, 60% 46 mm inhibition zone, 70% 48 mm inhibition zone, 80% 49 mm inhibition zone, 90% 51.0 mm inhibition zone, 100% inhibition zone of 56 mm.
The Comparison of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Detection using Molecular Rapid Test and Immunochromatography in Patients Suspected of Having Tuberculosis in Pangkajene and Kepulauan Regencies Faradillah Suhar; Muhammad Nasrum Massi; Rizalinda Sjahril
Biomedika Vol 14 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v14i2.981

Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an acid-resistant bacterium that causes tuberculosis and can be detected using a variety of methods. This study aimed to determine the comparison of the detection results of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using the molecular rapid test (MRT) and immunochromatographic method. This research was conducted at Batara Siang Hospital, Pangkajene, and Kepulauan Regencies, in July-September 2019 using 100 samples. This study is cross-sectional research, applying the chi-square test for analysis. The results of statistical tests revealed a significant difference between the results of tests using molecular rapid tests and immunochromatography (<0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive probability value, negative probability value, and accuracy of the immunochromatography method against the molecular rapid test (MRT) were 91.3%, 100%, 100%, 93.1%, and 96%, respectively.
Platelet Morphological Assessment Based on Shelf-Life of Concentrated Platelet Components Dewi Astuti; Eva Ayu Maharani; Hafshoh Susadma
Biomedika Vol 14 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v14i2.1077

Abstract

Concentrated platelet components are the components or platelets that are processed through centrifugation from whole blood or a single donor. The components of the concentrate platelets are stored in an agitator at a temperature of 20-24◦C with a maximum shelf-life of five days. During the storage, a change in component metabolism occurs, which is characterized by alteration in platelet morphology as an indicator of decreasing quality of platelet components. The purpose of this study was to determine the quality of the components of platelets based on the shelf-life by measuring the platelet morphological values with the Kunicki method. This study applied an experimental method by conducting inspections of the regional blood transfusion unit (UTDD) of the Indonesian Red Cross of Jakarta Capital Special Region (PMI DKI Jakarta). Platelet morphological values of six components of platelets were examined by the Kunicki method on day 0 to day 5 of shelf-life. Quality assessment was carried out based on a significant difference-dependent t-test and comparison with normal value. The results of the study by performing statistical analysis of the significant difference-dependent t-test showed a significant difference of values between day 0 and day 1 to day 5 of shelf-life. Comparison with normal values ​​depicted that all samples stored on day 4 had a morphological value of more than 200. On day 5 of shelf-life, the platelet morphology values ​​of five samples were below 200. The quality of the concentrated platelet components is said “good” if it is above 200. This study concluded that there was a significant difference in the platelet morphology values between the components of concentrated platelets on day 0 and day 1 to day 5 of shelf-life. All samples were of good quality until day 4 of storage. However, on day 5 of storage, only one sample was good in quality.
Subacute Toxicity Test of (Scaevola taccada Gaertn.) Roxb Leaf Extract on Kidney and Liver Function in Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Tenri Ayu Adri; Aritzah Dwi Widati; Peter Kabo; Yulia Yusrini Djabir
Biomedika Vol 14 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v14i2.1083

Abstract

Beruwas laut leaf (Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb has pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticancer. Although beruwas laut leaf have many advantages, safety is the main requirement that herbal medicine must have. This research was aimed to prove sebacute of beruwas laut leaf (Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) about the function of kidney and liver. This research used 20 rats were devided into 4 groups. Group 1 as a control group and groups 2,3, and 4 as an experimental group by administration of beruwas laut leaf extract with dose 200 mg/kgBB, 400 mg/kgBB, and 600 mg/kgBB. The extract was made using maceration and sebacute toxicity testing was carried out for 14 days. After giving the extract, some of rats had diarrhea. The results showed significant effect to increase levels of ureum and CGT after administration of dose 400mg/kgBB. Moreover, administration of dose 600 mg/kgBB caused significant effect in liver biomarkers and kidney (GGT and ureum). It was concluded that ethanol extract of beruwas laut leaf (Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb.) with dose 200mg/kgBB showed safe but toxic to kidney and liver with dose 600mg/kgBB.
The Analysis of Vitamin D Receptor Protein on Salmonella typhi infection in acute recurrent cases in endemic area in Eastern Indonesia Fatmawati Annisa Syamsuddin; Mochammad Hatta; Firdaus Hamid; Rosdiana Natzir; Ahyar Ahmad; Burhanuddin Bahar
Biomedika Vol 14 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v14i2.1298

Abstract

The host susceptibility mechanisms such as Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) is involved in the modulation of macrophage function and may possibly correlate with immunity disease including the severity of typhoid fever symptoms. The study aimed to assess the VDR Protein expression in the serums of recurrent acute typhoid fever (RATF) patients and compares it with typhoid fever (TF) patients, and healthy persons (HP). The study employed 30 RATF patients and 30 TF patients selected from primary health centres and hospitals in Eastern Indonesia as the endemic area. All the samples were obtained from several health centers in South Sulawesi, Southeast Sulawesi, Central Sulawesi, East Kalimantan and Papua and then collected in the sample bank Biology Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University. As a comparison, 30 samples of healthy persons were also selected from the Blood Transfusion Unit in Makassar, South Sulwesi Indonesia. The profile of VDR Protein was analyzed with Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). VDR protein content data on RATF and TF were designed according to completely randomized design T test. Subsequently, it correlated to Pearson correlation to determine the interaction between Widal titre and VDR protein levels. A comparison between Widal titre and VDR Protein level was also made to identify the correlation. It was found that the mean of VDR protein expression of RATF was 13,44 ng/mL, the mean of VDR protein expression of TF was 24,88 ng/mL, and the mean of VDR protein expression of HP was 43,49 ng/mL. The correlation results between RATF-TF Widal titre and VDR protein level indicated a negative correlation with p-value of 0,004. There were significant differences in the VDR expression in the RATF, TF, and HP. RATF VDR expression lower than TF and HP and there was also a correlation between Widal titre with VDR Protein expression.
The Effect of Variations of Red Bricks, Sand, Sawdust, and Green Tea (Camellia sinensis) Media on the Fat Content of Salted Egg Yolks Nur Hidayati; Mardiyono Mardiyono; Dian Kresnadipayana
Biomedika Vol 15 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v15i1.1203

Abstract

Salting is done to extend the shelf life of duck eggs. A variety of media can be used for salting eggs, including a mixture of salt, sand, red brick, sawdust, and brewed tea. Salted eggs are popular among the general public, but they contain a lot of fat, which, if consumed in excess, can cause blood vessel blockage (atherosclerosis). Green tea is a plant that has many benefits, one of which is that it can help people lose weight. Duck eggs were ripened for 12 days in a variety of salting media with different ingredients for this study. Red bricks, sand, sawdust, salt, and brewed green tea are among the materials used. This study aimed to determine the fat content of salted egg yolks using the Soxhlet extraction method, as well as the color, aroma (smell), and taste of salted eggs. The data in this study were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and the results revealed that variations in salting media had a significant effect on fat content in salted egg yolks. The results showed the changes in fat content in salted egg yolks without treatment with a fat content of 36.28 percent, and with treatment with media A (sand, red bricks, and sawdust); media B (sand, red bricks, and sawdust); media 1 (media A added with green tea); and media 2 (media B added with green tea), with the fat contents of 35.22%; 32.86%, and 30.49%. Mixed media of green tea affects the fat content of salted egg yolks, from 36.50% to 32.86% and 30.49%.
Determination Levels of Caffeine Isolated from Robusta Coffee Beans from Pagar Alam in Wistar Rat Blood Yunida Yunida; Muhammad Totong Kamaluddin; Theodorus Theodorus; Sonlimar Simangunsong
Biomedika Vol 15 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v15i1.1251

Abstract

Coffee provides a genuine source of caffeine. Caffeine can have a variety of pharmacological effects on both central and peripheral nervous systems and most of these effects are related to the antagonistic mechanism at adenosine receptors. The most prominent effect of caffeine remains stimulation of brain function, improving mood and physical performance. Robusta coffee obtains an intense level of caffeine and Pagar Alam City is one of the cities in Indonesia that produces robusta coffees. This study aims to identify and characterize caffeine isolated from Pagar Alam robusta coffee beans using thin-layer chromatography methods, UV-Visible spectrophotometry and to determine caffeine levels in wistar rat blood using the ELISA method. This method is cost-effective, familiar to perform and has a considerable degree of accuracy and reproducibility. The isolated samples have similar characteristics to standard caffeine with an Rf value of 0.77, a maximum wavelength at 273 nm with the absorbance of 1.3 and from caffeine profile in the blood sample we obtained the maximum sample concentration in blood 0.582 ± 0.249 μg/ml and the time needed to reach the maximum concentration is 30 minutes.

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