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Jurnal Biomedika

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Published by Universitas Setia Budi

ISSN : 20892136 EISSN : 23021306 DOI : -

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

JURNAL BIOMEDIKA (p-ISSN:1979-035X, e-ISSN: 2302-1306) is a scientific publication media that accommodates the scientific creativity of lecturers and researchers as outlined in scientific writing, both for academics in Setia Budi University and observers of medical biology and health. Articles published are the results of research in the field or in laboratories, scientific studies and studies of books that have never been published in other media. Information on scientific works can range from biotechnology, health, pharmacology, microbiology, biochemistry, and food analysis and health management.

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Articles 199 Documents

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Uji Aktivitas Antijamur Ekstrak Etanol Daun dan Daging Buah Berenuk(Crescentia cujete, Linn.) terhadapCandida albicans ATCC 1023 Dewi Sulistyawati; Kartinah Wiryosoendjojo; Nony Puspawati
Biomedika Vol 12 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Candida albicans is the cause of opportunistic candidiasis which is a fungal infection with the highest incidence. Candidiasis is a disease that can attack the oral cavity, mucous membranes, and genital areas. Indonesia is a country that is rich in biodiversity and people have used more than 6,000 species of plants as medicines and protection needs. One of the herbs that can be used as an alternative treatment for candidiasis is Calabash (Crescentia cujete, Linn.) Which has not been much studied. Throwing contains alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols and tannins which can damage the cell wall of Candida albicans. The purpose of this study was to determine the antifungal activity of leaves and fruit of Calabash (Crescentia cujete, Linn) against Candida albicans ATCC 1023 and determine the maximum concentration as an antifungal. This research is an experimental laboratory research. The test method used is the disk diffusion method. The extraction method used is ethanol maceration. The results showed that the leaves and fruit of Calabash had an antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 1023. The maximum concentration of the extracts of the Calabash was 25% with inhibition zone diameters of 15 ± 0.8 mm and 9.33 ± 0, 57 mm.

Pemanfaatan Ekstrak dan Serbuk Kulit Jeruk Bali (Citrus Maxima Merr) untuk Mereduksi Kadar Krom(VI) dan Kadmium(II) pada Limbah Cair Artifisial Maria Fransiska Utami Bugis; Nur Hidayati; Dian Kresnadipayana
Biomedika Vol 12 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Artificial waste is made using chrome K2Cr2O7 crystals, and cadmium from CdCl2 crystals. The purpose of this study was to determine the utilization of grapefruit skin extracts and powders in reducing the levels of chromium and cadmium. This research was carried out using artificial waste mixed with grapefruit peel extract and powder with a concentration of 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%. Metal content was measured using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry method.The results of the research on chromium content before the treatment were 46.49 ppm and after the treatment using powder levels with a concentration of 0.5%; 1%; 1.5% and 2%, are namely 29.97 ppm, 33.20 ppm, 31.05 ppm, and 33.76 ppm, while the levels of extract are 40.43 ppm, 41.94 ppm, 42.34 ppm and 48 , 23 ppm. The results of the study of cadmium metal content before treatment were 102.36 ppm and after treatment using powder levels with variations in concentration of 0.5 %%; 1%; 1.5% and 2%, namely 33.61 ppm, 20.26 ppm, 13.44 ppm, and 16.82 ppm, while the extracts are 75.45 ppm, 74.86 ppm, 80.66 ppm and 85 , 10 ppm.

Pengaruh Penambahan Molase pada produksi Bioethanol dari Limbah Padat Industri Pati Aren Dewi Astuti Herawati; Andang Arif Wibawa
Biomedika Vol 12 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Research has been carried out to determine the effect of the addition of molasses to on bioethanol production from palm starch industrial solid waste. The stages of this research were the preparation of raw materials, delignification of palm starch solid waste, lignin content analysis, enzyme production, anaerobic fermentation and ethanol content analysis. Delignification of palm starch solid waste using 3% NaOH solution. Enzyme production is produced from A. Niger and Trichoderma sp. Fermentation using 5 grams of delignified sample added a nutrient solution, a mixture of cellulase enzymes from A. niger and Trichoderma sp. by comparison (1: 2), molasses and Saccharomyces cereviseae. Analysis of ethanol levels was carried out every day until the 6th day. Delignification using 3% NaOH solution can reduce the level of lignin samples up to 17.15%. The addition of molasses containing 35% sugar as a source of sugar in the palm starch solid waste will increase the levels of bioethanol from 0.0904% to 3, 5407%, whereas molasses with 40% sugar content results in lower bioethanol levels. The higher the sugar content, the higher the level of bioethanol, but if the sugar content is too concentrated, it causes a slow fermentation process in the production of bioethanol.

Uji Aktivitas Larvasida Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Serai Wangi (Cymbopogon nardus L.) terhadap Larva Culex sp. Instar III Eka Cahya Nugraha; Tri Mulyowati; Rinda Binugraheni
Biomedika Vol 12 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Culex sp. larvae is a vector of filariasis. The prevention effort is by controlling the presence of Culex sp. Citronella grass is known to contain secondary metabolite which is useful as plant-based insecticides. This research was conducted to determine the toxicity of the ethanolic extract of citronella grass on the mortality of Culex sp. III instar.The research method used was an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) research design, the treatment that was tried was reagent control; negative control; 250 ppm; 353 ppm; 498 ppm; 702 ppm; 991 ppm; 1397 ppm; 1970 ppm, three replications for each treatment. Variables observed were larvae mortality in various concentrations. Larvae mortality was calculated after 24 hours. The data obtained were analyzed using the kruskal wallis test and the man whitney test with SPSS 21 application to determine the LC50value using probit analysis.The results indicate that the ethanolic extract of citronella grass functioned as larvasideonCulex sp. larvae III instar. The higher the concentration of citronella grass extract used, the greater the mortality percentage of Culex sp. larvae. III instar. The concentration of 991 ppm was the most effective concentration and the LC50value was 1036,54 ppm. The conclusion of this research is the ethanolic extract of citronella grass (Cymbopogonnardus L.) has larvicidal activity on Culex sp. larvae. III instar.

Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Buah Sirsak (Annona muricata L.) Pada Kadar Kolesterol Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Hiperkolesterolemia Siti Fatimah; Desto Arisandi; Sismawati Sismawati
Biomedika Vol 12 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

The cause of Coronary heart disease is an increase caused due to increased cholesterol levels in the blood, so there is a risk of blockage in the blood vessels (atherosclerosis). LDL cholesterol which is abundant in the bloodstream will accumulate in the arteries and potentially cause blockages. Ethanol extract of soursop fruit (Annona Muricata L.) contains antioxidant compounds such as alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids and polyphenols that are needed to increase endurance and prevent various diseases that enter the body. Research has been conducted to determine the effect of soursop fruit ethanol extract (Annona Muricata L.) on Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels white Rat (Rattus Norvegicus) hipercolesterolemia. This research was conducted experimentally with 10 male white rats (Rattus Novergicus, L.), aged 2-3 months with a weight of 150-200 g, which were divided into 2 groups: the control group and the treatment group. Hypercholesterolemia induction is done by giving high fat diet foods for 7 days. Soursop fruit ethanol extract was given in a sonde to the treatment group at a dose of 3.6 mg / 200gBB / day for 14 days and measurements of LDL cholesterol levels were carried out on days 16 and 30 by the CHOD-PAP examination method. Data were analyzed by Paired t-test. The results showed LDL cholesterol levels in the treatment group showed that as many as 5 mice decreased, the mean decreased by 32.49 mg / dl while in the control group as many as 2 mice decreased, the mean decreased by 0.76 mg / dl. There was a significant difference (p <0.05) in changes in LDL cholesterol levels in the treatment group. Soursop fruit etanol extract with 3.6 mg / 200gBB / day for 14 days can reduce LDL cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemia rats.

Erythrocyte Morphology in Women of Reproductive Age (WORA) with Anemia Alex Jekson Tukira; Lucia Sincu Gunawan; Edy Prasetya
Biomedika Vol 13 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v13i1.613

Anemia is a decrease in the number of erythrocytes in the blood circulation or the level of hemoglobin that is less than normal. The three major body mechanisms that cause anemia are excessive destruction of erythrocytes, blood loss, and decreased erythrocyte production. Based on the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2013, the prevalence of anemic women of reproductive age (WORA) aged 15-44 years in Indonesia was 35.3%. Anemia is classified based on the morphology of erythrocytes, including hypochromic microcytic, normocytic normochromic, and macrocytic. Erythrocyte morphology can be observed using peripheral blood smear examination. The objective of this study was to determine the morphology of erythrocytes in anemic women of reproductive age. This study belongs to descriptive research. The population of the study was 136 women of reproductive age, covering the students of D-IV in Medical Laboratory Technology at Setia Budi University. Forty-one respondents suffering from anemia were taken using a purposive sampling technique. The types of anemia were determined with examination using an Easy Touch hemoglobinometer with the Hb level of less than 12g/dL. Preparation of peripheral blood smear examination using EDTA venous blood and stained with Giemsa. Microscopic examination was performed with 1000x objective magnification. The peripheral blood smear reading showed the erythrocyte morphology that includes normocytic normochromic (38 samples or 93%), microcytic hypochromic (three samples or 7%), and poikilocytosis consisting of teardrop cells, target cells, ellipstocytes, and stomatocytes (five samples or 18%). Further study is required to investigate the correlation of erythrocyte index and peripheral blood smear in anemia.

Hand-Powered Centrifuge Made from Cotton for Assessing Hematocrit Fathan Abdul Aziz; Pudji Achmadi; Mokhamad Fakhrul Ulum
Biomedika Vol 13 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v13i1.657

The hematocrit value test serves as a parameter to help reach an established diagnosis. A centrifuge is an equipment that is used to separate the components of blood from each other based on the properties of each constituent substance. This study aims to developing hand-powered centrifuge made from cotton material to assess the hematocrit of blood in pregnant and non-pregnant ewes. To make the Katunfuge, two circles were cut from a piece of cotton cloth that had been impregnated with batik wax. The knitting thread was inserted into the middle part of the cotton disc and each end rope was tied to the handler. The centrifugal speed resulted from Katunfuge was greater than 2,000 rpm, meaning that it is 99% effective for separating blood components in 15 minutes with 14 times of pulling with hands. The hematocrit values of pregnant ewes (33.0 ± 4.1) were lower than those of non-pregnant ewes (38.5 ± 3.4%). This has proven that Katunfuge is highly potential to be used to assess the hematocrit of other animals.

Cytotoxicity Assay of Chitosan-Collagen Wound Dressing using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test Methods Ary Andini; Ersalina Nidianti; Endah Prayekti
Biomedika Vol 13 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v13i1.680

Wound dressing has a function to protect the wound area from external exposure and provide a moist state around the wound area for accelerating wound healing process. Collagen and chitosan are known as appropriate biomaterials to synthesise of wound dressing because they have anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, biodegradable and biocompatible properties. One of biocompatibility assay for a material is cytotoxicity assay using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) that could be applied before in Vivo assay. The aim of the research was to know the cytotoxicity level of collagen-chitosan wound dressing with variance of concentration such as K0 as control used pure chitosan, K1 used collagen 25% and chitosan 75%, K2 used collagen 50% and chitosan 50%, K3 used collagen 75% and Chitosan 25%. Skin and scales of Gabus fish (Channa striata) were extracted using 2% HCl solvent to obtain collagen and chitosan powder dissolved in 1% acetic acid. Furthermore, wound dressing is made by a combination of collagen-chitosan concentration according to each group (K0, K1, K2 and K3. Citotoxicity assay used Brine Shrimp Level Test (BSLT) method with concentration each sample group were 10, 50, 100, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm. The results showed that each wound dressing group such as K0, K1, K2 and K3 had LC50> 1000ppm that indicated wound dressing was non-toxic.

Determination of Cadmium (Cd) Metal Content in Milkfish at Port of Tanjung Mas Feni Nilasari; Yari Mukti Wibowo
Biomedika Vol 13 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v13i1.687

The location of milkfish ponds around the Port of Tanjung Mas is adjacent to an industrial area. This can increase the possibilities of milkfish being contaminated by heavy metals, for example Cadmium (Cd) metal. Therefore it is necessary to determine the levels of Cadmium metal in milkfish that are cultivated in ponds around the Port of Tanjung Mas. The aims of this study is to find out the levels of Cadmium metal in milkfish samples at the Port of Tanjung Mas whether or nor it exceeds the threshold. The method commonly used for metal analysis is the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) method, because this method is simple, selective and sensitive for analyzing metal content in a sample of animal origin, such as milkfish. In the initial treatment, milkfish samples were separated between meat and bones. The milkfish was then dried by heating at 150oC for 1 hour and continuing with ashes up to 550oC. The ash-shaped sample was dissolved in concentrated HNO3 and diluted with aquabidest. The aqueous sample solution was analyzed using ASS at a wavelength of 228 nm to determine the metal content of Cd in the sample. The level of Cd metal in milkfish samples analyzed using ASS, showed that it was still in accordance with the quality standard, which was below the threshold set in SNI No. 7387: 2009. Samples of milkfish taken from several pond locations showed that the farther pond was from the industrial area, the less Cd metal pollution in milkfish in the pond area.

Hyperglicemia as Predisposition Factor of Oral Candidiasis on patient with Diabetes Mellitus Dian Nurmansyah; Elma Stasya; Dewi Ramadhani; Normaidah Normaidah; Aldiana Astuti
Biomedika Vol 13 No 1 (2020): Jurnal Biomedika
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Setia Budi Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31001/biomedika.v13i1.703

Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by hyperglycemia or an increase in blood glucose levels. The state of hyperglycemia is one of the supporting factors for oral candidiasis infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of hyperglycemia with the incidence of Candida albicans infection in patients with Diabetes mellitus. this study was conducted on 30 respondents. Blood glucose levels and Candida albicans culture were measured using the germ tube test method. Data analysis to see the correlation using the Chi-Square test obtained Sig. (0.015 0.00.050) and it can be stated there is a correlation between variables. From the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that there is a correlation between hyperglycemia and Candida albicans infection which causes oral candidiasis in DM patients.

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