cover
Contact Name
Febby J. Polnaya
Contact Email
febbyjpolnaya@yahoo.com
Phone
-
Journal Mail Official
jbdpunpatti@yahoo.com
Editorial Address
-
Location
Kota ambon,
Maluku
INDONESIA
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN
Published by Universitas Pattimura
ISSN : 18584322     EISSN : 2620892X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN (Journal of Agriculture) first published in 2003 by the Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University. Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian is an official publication of the Agriculture Faculty, Pattimura University, publishes primary research paper, review article, policy analysis, and research notes and preliminary results in all areas of agronomy. Manuscripts could be written either in English or in Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 170 Documents
Skinning Injury Responses in Sweetpotato Jollanda Effendy; Don R LaBonte; Darda Efendi; Nurul Khumaida; Gustaaf A Wattimena
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 17 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2021.17.1.1

Abstract

In sweetpotatoes (Ipomoea batatas L. Lamb), the loss of skin from the surface of the storage roots is known as skinning injury. It is responsible for significant postharvest loss resulting from moisture increase and weight reduction, wrinkling, and susceptibility to pathogen attack. Reduced root weight by water loss is associated with a higher rate of rot predominantly occurred in the developing and underdeveloped countries which can count of 8-20% of postharvest loss. Plants have different adaptation to protect themselves against skinning injury. Lignification, suberization, and increased sugar at the wound site have been shown to be correlated with wound healing. Changing in gene expressions have been associated with skinning injury. Genes associated in the biosynthesis of lignin and suberin, protein fate, cell-wall modification, transcription and protein synthesis, and stress responses and defense have been associated with skinning injury responses in plants. Understanding the skinning injury responses and how to regulate them can be used to produce a more desirable plant resistant to skinning injury. This paper especially reviews and discusses skinning injury responses in sweetpotato, a root crop which product may severely be affected by skinning injury. Keywords: gene expression, Ipomoea batatas, lignification, postharvest loss, wounding ABSTRAK Pada ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas L. Lamb), cedera kulit adalah hilangnya kulit dari permukaan umbi. Cedera kulit ini bertanggung jawab atas kerugian pascapanen yang signifikan akibat peningkatan laju kelembaban dan penurunan berat umbi, pengerutan, dan kerentanan terhadap serangan patogen. Berat umbi yang berkurang karena kehilangan air dikaitkan dengan tingkat pembusukan yang lebih tinggi, terutama terjadi di negara-negara berkembang dan yang kurang berkembang dengan kehilangan hasil panen umbi 8-20%. Tanaman memiliki adaptasi yang berbeda untuk melindungi diri dari cedera kulit. Lignifikasi, suberisasi, dan peningkatan gula di lokasi pelukaan telah terbukti berkorelasi dengan penyembuhan luka. Perubahan ekspresi gen telah dikaitkan dengan cedera kulit. Gen-gen yang terlibat dalam jalur biosintesis lignin dan suberin, protein tujuan akhir, modifikasi dinding sel, transkripsi dan sintesis protein, serta respons stres dan pertahanan telah dikaitkan dengan respons cedera kulit pada tanaman. Memahami respons cedera kulit dan bagimana cara mengaturnya dapat digunakan untuk menghasilkan tanaman yang diinginkan yang tahan terhadap cedera kulit umbi. Paper ini secara khusus mengulas dan membahas respon cedera kulit pada ubi jalar, suatu tanaman umbian yang hasilnya sangat terpengaruh oleh cedera kulit. Kata kunci: ekspresi gen, Ipomoea batatas, lignifikasi, kehilangan pascapanen, pelukaan
Karakteristik Morfologi dan Morfometrik Lebah Madu Tak Bersengat (Apidae; Melliponinae) pada Koloni di Daerah Pesisir Pulau Ambon Jacobus S A Lamerkabel; Victor G Siahaya; Wulandari Saepuloh; Anang Lastriyanto; Mochammad Junus; Erwan Erwan; Jati Batoro; Firman Jaya; Dewi Masyithoh
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 17 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2021.17.1.28

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the morphological characters and morphometric measurements of worker level from the genus and species of stingless bee colonies in coastal areas. Observation of morphological characters and morphometric measurements used a microscope (stereo model Nikon C-LEEDS equipped with obtilab viewers software camera and image raster). The stingless bee species found in coastal areas belonged to the genus Tetragonula which consisted of Tetragonula sapiens and T. clypearis. T. sapiens was found in two locations, namely the coast of Airlow Hamlet and Negeri Rutong. T. clypearis was found in four locations, i.e., on the coast of Dusun Airlow, Negeri Rutong, Negeri Hukurila and Dusun Seri. Morphological identification was done by identifying ten morphological characters, and morphometric identification was done by measuring fourteen body parts. The results of this study indicated that the morphological and morphometric characters of T. sapiens workers were dominantly black in color with a body size of 3.74-4.25 mm. The first through the sixth abdomen tergites were black. The morphological and morphometric characters T. clypearis had a brownish black body color with a body size of 2.81-3.38 mm, a black thorax covered by six longitudinal hair bands and each separated by five conspicuous glabrous, the first and second abdomen tergites were brownish whereas the third through the sixth were black. Keywords: Ambon Island, morphology, morphometric, stingless bees. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakter morfologi dan pengukuran morfometrik strata pekerja dari genus dan spesies lebah tak bersengat koloni daerah pesisir. Pengamatan karakter morfologi dan pengukuran morfometrik menggunakan mikroskop (stereo model Nikon C-LEEDS yang dilengkapi kamera software obtilab viewers dan image raster). Spesies lebah tak bersengat yang ditemukan di daerah pesisir pantai tergolong dalam genus Tetragonula yang terdiri dari Tetragonula sapiens dan T. clypearis. T. sapiens ditemukan di dua lokasi yaitu pesisir pantai Dusun Airlow dan Negeri Rutong. T. clypearis ditemukan di empat lokasi, yaitu di pesisir pantai Dusun Airlow, Negeri Rutong, Negeri Hukurila dan Dusun Seri. Identifikasi morfologi dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi sepuluh karakter morfologi dan identifikasi morfometrik dilakukan dengan cara mengukur empat belas bagian tubuh. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan karakter morfologi dan morfometrik tubuh pekerja T. sapiens dominan berwarna hitam dengan ukuran tubuh 3.74-4.25 mm. Abdomen dan tergite satu sampai enam berwarna hitam. Karakter morfologi dan morfometrik T. clypearis memiliki warna tubuh hitam kecoklatan dengan ukuran tubuh 2.81-3.38 mm, thorax berwarna hitam yang ditutupi oleh enam hair bands longitudinal dan masing-masing dipisahkan oleh lima glabrous yang mencolok, abdomen dan tergite pertama sampai kedua berwarna kecoklatan sedangkan tergite ketiga sampai enam berwarna hitam. Kata kunci: Lebah tak bersengat, morfologi, morfometrik, Pulau Ambon.
Penentuan Musim Tanam Berdasarkan Perhitungan Neraca Air Lahan di Daerah Saumlaki, Pulau Yamdena Jenly F Uspessy; Samuel Laimeheriwa; Jacob R Patty
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 16 No 2 (2020): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2020.16.2.173

Abstract

Climate information/data of a region plays an important role in agricultural development in the region, because by utilizing the knowledge of the relationship between crops and climate, forecasts can be made of planting time, harvest time, drought (water deficit), flood (water surplus), pest attack and disease, determining the appropriate type of crop, and so on. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of soil water and to determine the growing season in the Saumlaki area based on two rainfall conditions. This study used monthly rainfall data for 30 years (1990-2019) as well as other climatic data, such as air temperature, air humidity, sunshine duration and wind speed for 15 years (2005-2019). Computing of the water balance was carried out using Thornthwaite-Mather Method, and determination of growing season using soil water in optimum condition. Based on the calculation of the land water balance in the rainfall conditions there was a 75% chance of being surpassed by the groundwater deficit in the Saumlaki area which lasted for 6 months (June- November), whereas the value increases by 183 mm or 45.52% compared to normal conditions, that was from 402 mm to 585 mm. On the other hand, the groundwater surplus lasted only a month (May) and tended to decrease by 686 mm or 97.03% compared to normal conditions, from 707 mm to 21 mm. The optimum soil water content for plants in rainfall conditions was 75% chance of lasting for 6 months (January-June); 2 months shorter than the normal 8 months (December-July). In conditions of 75% chance of rainfall, the growing season in the Saumlaki area lasted for 7 months (December-June); a month shorter than the growing season in normal rainfall conditions of 8 months (December-July). Keywords: growing season, land water balance, rainfall, Saumlaki area ABSTRAK Informasi/data iklim suatu tempat berperan penting dalam pengembangan pertanian di wilayah tersebut, karena dengan memanfaatkan pengetahuan tentang hubungan antara tanaman dan iklim dapatlah dibuat prakiraan waktu tanam, waktu panen, kejadian kekeringan (defisit air), banjir (surplus air), serangan hama dan penyakit, penentuan jenis tanaman yang sesuai, dan sebagainya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menilai keberadaan air tanah dan menentukan musim tanam di Daerah Saumlaki pada dua kondisi curah hujan. Penelitian ini menggunakan data curah hujan bulanan selama 30 tahun (1990–2019) dan data iklim lainnya (suhu udara, kelembaban udara, lama penyinaran matahari kecepatan angin) selama 15 tahun (2005-2019). Perhitungan neraca air lahan menggunakan metode Thornthwaite-Mather, dan musim tanam ditentukan berdasarkan kondisi air tanah optimum. Berdasarkan perhitungan neraca air lahan pada kondisi curah hujan berpeluang 75% untuk dilampaui, defisit air tanah di daerah Saumlaki berlangsung selama selama 6 bulan (Juni-November) yaitu nilainya bertambah sebesar 183 mm (45,52%) dibandingkan kondisi normalnya, yaitu dari 402 mm menjadi 585 mm. Sebaliknya surplus air tanah berlangsung hanya sebulan (Mei) dan cenderung berkurang sebesar 686 mm (97,03%) dibandingkan kondisi normalnya, yaitu dari 707 mm menjadi 21 mm. Kadar air tanah yang optimum bagi tanaman pada kondisi curah hujan peluang 75% berlangsung selama 6 bulan (Januari-Juni); lebih pendek 2 bulan dibandingkan kondisi normalnya 8 bulan (Desember-Juli). Pada kondisi curah hujan peluang 75%, musim tanam di daerah Saumlaki berlangsung selama 7 bulan (Desember-Juni); sebulan lebih pendek dibandingkan musim tanam pada kondisi curah hujan normalnya 8 bulan (Desember-Juli). Kata kunci : curah hujan, daerah Saumlaki, musim tanam, neraca air lahan
Kerusakan Lima Varietas Padi Akibat Serangan Hama Penggerek Batang di Desa Savanajaya, Kecamatan Waeapo, Kabupaten Buru Muhamad F Umakamea; John A Patty; Ria Y Rumthe
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 16 No 2 (2020): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2020.16.2.180

Abstract

One of the obstacles in efforts to increase rice productivity is the damage caused by the attack of the rice stem borer. Annual yield loss caused this insect pests is quite high, reaching 10-30%. The attack of stem borer has long been encountered and is a problem in rice producing areas on Buru Island, such as in Savanajaya Village. This study aimed to obtain data on the types of pests, population levels and the intensity of damage in five rice varieties due to stem borer attact and to determine the varieties that had the lowest population and damage intensity in the Saavanajaya Village, Waeapo District, Buru Regency. The method used was a survey method that focused on five varieties of rice cultivated by farmers, to obtain population data and the intensity of damage. The results showed that the type of pest that attacked the five rice varieties of IR-64 variety in Savanajaya Village was the white rice stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata), with the highest larval population (per cluster) of 1.27 individuals and the intensity of damage 5.20%, followed by Cigeulis variety with a larval population of 1.17 individuals and damage intensity of 4.70%, the Ciherang variety with a larval population of 1.07 individuals and damage intensity of was 4.25%, the Mekongan variety with a larval population of 1.1 individuals and damage intensity of 4.15%, and the lowest was the Membramo variety with a larval population of 1.03 larvae and damage intensity of 4.12%. The damage intensity of at the study site, although different between varieties, could all be classified into the category of mild attack. Keywords: damage intensity, rice varieties, Savanajaya, stem borer ABSTRAK Salah satu kendala dalam upaya peningkatan produktivitas padi adalah kerusakan yang disebabkan oleh serangan penggerek batang padi. Kehilangan hasil setiap tahun yang disebabkan oleh serangga hama ini padi cukup tinggi, bisa mencapai 10-30%. Serangan hama penggerek batang telah lama ditemui dan menjadi masalah di daerah produsen padi di Pulau Buru, seperti di Desa Savanajaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan data jenis hama, jumlah populasi serta intensitas kerusakan pada lima varietas padi akibat serangan hama penggerek batang serta menentukan varietas yang memiliki populasi dan intensitas kerusakan terendah di Desa Savanajaya, Kecamatan Waeapo, Kabupaten Buru. Metode yang digunakan adalah survey yang difokuskan pada lima varietas padi yang diusahakan petani, untuk mendapatkan data populasi dan ntensitas kerusakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis hama yang menyerang lima varietas padi varietas IR-64 di Desa Savanajaya adalah penggerek batang padi putih (Scirpophaga innotata), dengan populasi larva (per rumpun) tertinggi 1,27 ekor dan intensitas kerusakan 5.20%, diikuti oleh varietas Cigeulis dengan populasi larva 1,17 ekor dan internsitas kerusakan 4.70%, varietas Ciherang dengan populasi larva 1.07 ekor dan intensitas kerusakan 4.25%, varietas Mekongan dengan populasi larva 1.1 ekor dan intensitas kerusakan 4.15 %, dan yang terendah varietas Membramo dengan populasi larva 1.03 ekor dan intensitas kerusakan 4.12%. Intensitas kerusakan di lokasi penelitian, walaupun berbeda antar varietas tetapi semuanya dapat diklasifilasikan ke dalam kategori serangan ringan. Kata kunci: intensitas kerusakan, penggerek batang, Savanajaya, varietas padi,
Kombinasi Perlakuan Lumpur Laut dan Pupuk Kandang untuk Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Sawi Sendok (Brassica rapa L) pada Tanah Ultisol Francina Matulessy; Meitty L Hehanussa; Yakobus Solarbesain
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 16 No 2 (2020): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2020.16.2.187

Abstract

Organic fertilizers have an important role in the success of vegetable cultivation. Marine mud contains a lot of nutrients and organic matter, so it is useful for improving degraded soils in the short term and a source of nitrogen and minerals (especially Ca and Mg) in the long term. This study aimed to examine and explain the effect of doses of cow dung fertilizer and marine mud, for the growth and yield of spoon mustard (Brassica rapa L). This research was conducted at the Plastic House of the Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University, from June to August 2018. The experiment in this study was a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was sea mud from Tulehu Village (L) with 4 levels, namely: without sea mud (control), 100 g, 200 g and 300 g per kg of soil. The second factor was cow manure (K) with 4 levels, namely: without cow manure (control), 5 g, 10 g. and 15 g per kg of soil. The variables observed included plant height, leaf number, leaf area, plant biomass fresh weight, crown fresh and root fresh weight. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and further test using Duncan's test at 0.05 level. The results showed that the sea mud treatment had a very significant effect on the variables of plant height (3, 4 and 5 weeks after planting, WAP), leaf number (4 and 5 WAP), leaf area, plant biomass weight and plant crown weight, number of leaves (3 WAP) and root weight, but had no significant effect on plant height at age (1 and 2 WAP), and number of leaves (1 and 2 WAP). The treatment of cow dung fertilizer had a very significant effect on the variables of plant height (2, 4 and 5 WAP), number of leaves (3 and 5 WAP), plant biomass weight and plant crown weight, a significant effect on plant height (3 WAP), leaf number (4 WAP), but had no significant effect on plant height (1 WAP), leaf number (1 and 2 WAP), leaf area and root weight of plants. The interaction between the treatment of marine mud and cow manure gave a very significant effect on plant height (4 and 5 WAP), but there was no interaction on the other observation variables. Keywords: cow manure, marine mud, ‘spoon’ mustard, Ultisol soil ABSTRAK Pupuk organik mempunyai peranan penting terhadap keberhasilan budidaya tanaman sayuran. Endapan lumpur laut banyak mengandung unsur hara dan bahan organik, sehingga bermanfaat untuk memperbaiki tanah-tanah terdegradasi untuk jangka pendek dan sumber nitrogen dan mineral (khususnya Ca dan Mg) untuk jangka waktu panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji dan menjelaskan pengaruh dosis pupuk kotoran sapi dan dosis lumpur laut untuk pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sawi sendok (Brassica rapa L). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Rumah Plastik Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pattimura dari bulan Juni sampai Agustus 2018. Percobaan dalam penelitian ini merupakan percobaan faktorial dalam Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama adlah lumpur laut (L) dari desa Tulehu dengan 4 taraf, yaitu: tanpa lumpur laut (kontrol), 100 g, 200 g dan 300 g per kg tanah. Faktor kedua adalah pupuk kotoran sapi (K) dengan 4 taraf, yaitu: tanpa pupuk kotoran sapi (kontrol), 5 g, 10 g. dan 15 g per kg tanah. Variabel yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, bobot segar biomassa tanaman, bobot segar tajuk tanaman dan bobot segar akar tanaman. Data dianalisis menggunakan Analisis of Varians (ANOVA) dan uji lanjut menggunakan uji Duncan pada taraf 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan lumpur laut berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap variable tinggi tanaman (3, 4 dan 5 minggu setelah tanam, MST), jumlah daun (4 dan 5 MST), luas daun, bobot biomassa tanaman dan bobot tajuk tanaman, berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah daun (3 MST) dan bobot akar tanaman, tetapi berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur (1 dan 2 MST), dan jumlah daun (1 dan 2 MST). Perlakuan pupuk kotoran sapi berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap variable tinggi tanaman (2, 4 dan 5 MST), jumlah daun (3 dan 5 MST), bobot biomassa tanaman dan bobot tajuk tanaman, berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman (3 MST), jumlah daun (4 MST), tetapi tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman (1 MST), jumlah daun (1 dan 2 MST), luas daun dan bobot akar tanaman. Interaksi antara perlakuan lumpur laut dan pupuk kotoran sapi memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman (4 dan 5 MST), namun tidak ada interaksi pada variable pengamatan lainnya. Kata kunci: lumpur laut, pupuk kotoran sapi, sawi sendok, tanah Ultisol.
Transformasi Indeks Vegetasi Citra LANDSAT 8 OLI untuk Pemetaan Musim Tanam pada Lahan Sawah di Kabupaten Buru, Provinsi Maluku Nunung N Tatisina; Willem A Siahaya; Johanes P Haumahu
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 16 No 2 (2020): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2020.16.2.197

Abstract

The use of satellite imagery in agriculture has been widely used, for example in plantation areas or in rice fields. Satellite imagery can estimate the area of paddy fields and estimate rice production; however, the application of satellites for mapping the planting season in rice fields using Landsat 8 OLI imagery and NDVI (Normal Difference Vegetation Index) transformation has not been widely undertaken. This study aimed to analyze the growing season in paddy fields based on the results of NDVI analysis of Multitemporal Landsat 8 OLI imagery. Based on the results of research analyzed from the spectral value of NDVI images recorded in March and May 2020 then added with the results of observations and farmer interviews in September 2020, it was found that there were color differences in NDVI images caused by differences in planting time or plant age at the time of recording the image. The planting season in rice fields in the Buru regency was generally two times per year or five times per two years. The increase in the rice planting season could be realized due to the availability of water in the field that was sufficient for the growth of rice plants, both from irrigation and rainfall. Based on the interpretation of the images used and field checks, it was found that the accuracy test results showed the overall accuracy of 88%. The overall accuracy value is considered correct if it exceeds the tolerance limit given, which is ≥ 80%. Keywords: Buru Regency, growing season, Landsat 8, NDVI, paddy fields ABSTRAK Pemanfaatan citra satelit pada bidang pertanian telah banyak dilakukan, misalnya pada areal perkebunan ataupun pada areal persawahan. Citra satelit dapat menduga luas lahan sawah sampai dengan menduga produksi padi; tetapi pemanfaatan citra satelit untuk pemetaan musim tanam di lahan sawah menggunakan citra Landsat 8 OLI dan transformasi NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) sampai saat ini belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk Menganalisis musim tanam di lahan sawah berdasarkan hasil analisis NDVI Citra Landsat 8 OLI Multitemporal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dianalisis dari nilai spektral citra NDVI perekaman bulan Maret dan Mei tahun 2020 ditambah dengan hasil pengamatan serta wawancara petani pada bulan September 2020 didapatkan adanya perbedaan warna pada citra NDVI yang diakibatkan oleh perbedaan waktu tanam ataupun umur tanaman pada saat perekaman citra. Musim tanam pada lahan sawah di Kabupaten Buru umumnya dua kali per tahun atau lima kali per dua tahun. Peningkatan musim tanam padi dapat terealisasi karena ketersediaan air di lapangan untuk mencukupi pertumbuhan tanaman padi, baik yang bersumber dari air irigasi maupun curah hujan. Berdasarkan interpretasi citra yang digunakan dan pengecekan lapangan didapatkan bahwa hasil uji akurasi menunjukkan hasil overall accuracy sebesar 88%. Nilai overall accuracy dianggap benar jika melebihi batas toleransi yang diberikan yakni ≥ 80%. Kata kunci: Kabupaten Buru, Landsat 8, lahan sawah, musim tanam, NDVI
Potensi Dampak Perubahan Iklim Terhadap Produksi Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz) dan Pendapatan Petani di Desa Wain, Kecamatan Kei Kecil Timur, Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Anastasia Wokanubun; Rhony E Ririhena; Anna Y Wattimena
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 16 No 2 (2020): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2020.16.2.206

Abstract

One of the environmental factors that affect cassava productivity is climate/weather. Climate change has the potential to have an impact on various sectors, one of which is the food crop sector. Cassava is one of the local food commodities in Ohoi Wain that is at risk of being affected by the impact of climate change. This study aimed to identify the dominant climate factors affecting cassava production, assess farmers' adaptation strategies to climate change and analyze the impact of climate change on production and farmers' income. The method used was descriptive analysis method used to analyze the dominant climate factors affecting the production of cassava and the adaptation strategy adopted by farmers, algebraic averaging technique for rainfall analysis, quantitative analysis for analyzing farmers' income and regression equations to see the relationship between rainfall and cassava productivity. The results showed that the climatic factor that most dominantly influenced the production of cassava was rainfall. The adaptation made by farmers to climate change was by changing planting time, minimum tillage, selecting superior varieties and applying organic mulch. Climate change, marked by a decrease in rainfall in 2015, caused the productivity of cassava to decrease by 46,4% and farmers' income to increase by 11,45%. The decrease in rainfall had a very significant effect on the decrease in the productivity of cassava or had a strong relationship, which was shown by the correlation coefficient value r = 0,04731 and a high level of accuracy with R2 = 89,2%. Keywords: adaptation, climate change, cassava production, income ABSTRAK Salah satu faktor lngkungan yang berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas ubi kayu adalah iklim/cuaca. Perubahan iklim berpotensi untuk memberikan dampak pada berbagai macam sektor, salah satunya adalah sektor tanaman pangan . Ubi kayu merupakan salah satu komuditas pangan lokal di Ohoi Wain yang beresiko terpengaruh dampak perubahan iklim. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor iklim yang dominan mempengaruhi produksi ubi kayu, mengkaji strategi adaptasi petani terhadap perubahan iklim dan menganalisis dampak perubahan iklim terhadap produksi dan pendapatan petani. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode analisis deskriptif, digunakan untuk menganalisis faktor iklim yang dominan mempengaruhi produksi ubi kayu dan strategi adaptasi yang dilakukan petani. Teknik rata-rata aljabar digunakan untuk analisis curah hujan, Analisis kuantitatif digunakan untuk menganalisis pendapatan petani dan persamaan regresi untuk melihat hubungan antara curah hujan dan produktivitas ubi kayu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor iklim yang paling dominan mempengaruhi produksi ubi kayu adalah curah hujan. Adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh petani terhadap perubahan iklim adalah dengan melakukan perubahan waktu tanam, pengolahan tanah minimum, pemilihan variatas unggul dan penggunaan mulsa organik. Perubahan iklim yang ditandai dengan penurunan curah hujan pada tahun 2015 menyebabkan produktivitas ubi kayu mengalami penurunan sebesar 46,4% dan pendapatan petani mengalami peningkatan sebesar 11,45%. Penurunan curah hujan berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap penurunan produktivitas ubi kayu atau memiliki keeratan hubungan yang kuat, yang ditunjukan oleh nilai koefisien korelasi r = 0,04731 dan tingkat akurasi yang tinggi dengan R2 = 89,2%. Kata kunci: adaptasi, pendapatan, perubahan iklim, produksi ubi kayu
Integrasi Kearifan Lokal dalam Evaluasi Lahan bagi Budidaya Enbal (Manihot esculenta Crantz) pada Kaki Gunung Ar, Pulau Yut, Maluku Tenggara Geogriani Anthonius; Conradus Ufie; Simson Liubana
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 17 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2021.17.1.59

Abstract

Cassava is a food and trade commodity in the Kei Islands, Maluku Province. Various aspects of the cultivation of this crop are determined by traditional knowledge held by farmers from generation to generation. This study aimed to: 1) describe the potential of local wisdom (traditional knowledge) about the land owned by the Ohoi Wasar community in the Kei Islands regarding the suitability of the coastal land management for ‘enbal’ (bitter cassava) cultivation; 2) integrate local knowledge about land belonging to the Ohoi Wasar indigenous people with FAO land evaluation (modern soil knowledge in land suitability evaluation) for sustainable cultivation of ‘enbal’ cassava. This research was carried out using a transect-based survey method that was participatory and goal-oriented, which focused on farmers who cultivate ‘enbal’ cassava and their fields on the coastal land in the footslope of Mount Ar. The results of the study were: 1) there was local-traditional wisdom of the Wasar community that was directly related to ‘enbal’ cultivation (ethnopedological system); firstly, the wisdom of determining land suitability for ‘enbal’ cassava cultivation (ie. hadoichr ngametan or black soil = Renzina, and hadoichr vuil or red soil = Cambisol Dystrict); secondly was the wisdom of determining the time/day of land clearing for ‘enbal’ gardens (slash-and-burn) and the planting time which was started in early May; in addition, there was a supporting wisdom in the diversity or reliance of local foods, namely the habit of harvesting and consuming "boo" with " es­­`u/laor " at the end of March; 2) when the potential of local knowledge about soils (ethnopedology system) was integrated with the FAO FAO system of land evaluation, it appeared that there was an overlap in the studies of soil fertility, namely both categorizing “black soil” as more fertile (very suitable), and “red soil” as a less fertile" (slightly suitable) soil. Keywords: Ar-Wasar, bitter cassava, ‘enbal’, land evaluation, local wisdom ABSTRAK Ubi kayu merupakan komoditas pangan dan perdagangan di Kepulauan Kei, Provinsi Maluku. Berbagai aspek budidaya tanaman ini ditentukan oleh pengetahuan tradisional yang dipegang oleh petani secara turun temurun. Penelitian ini bertujuan: 1) menginventarisasi potensi kearifan lokal (pengetahuan tradisional) tentang tanah yang dimiliki masyarakat Ohoi Wasar di Kepulauan Kei terkait kesesuaian pengelolaan lahan pesisir bagi budidaya tanaman enbal (ubi kayu pahit); 2) mengintegrasikan kearifan pengetahuan lokal tentang tanah yang dimiliki masyarakat adat Ohoi Wasar dengan evaluasi lahan FAO (pengetahuan tanah moderen dalam evaluasi kesesuaian lahan) bagi budidaya tanaman enbal yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian dilaksankan dengan metode survey berbasis transek secara partisipatif berorientasi tujuan, yang difokuskan pada petani yang bercocok tanam enbal dan kebunnya pada lahan pesisir kaki Gunung Ar. Hasil penelitian adalah: 1) Ada kearifan lokal-tradisonal dari masyarakat Wasar yang terkait langsung dengan budidaya enbal (sistem etnopedologi); pertama, kearifan penentuan tanah/lahan yang cocok atau sesuai bagi usaha kebun enbal (yakni hadoichr ngametan atau tanah hitam = Renzina, dan hadoichr vuil atau tanah merah =Kambisol Distrik); kedua, kearifan penentuan waktu/hari buka kebun enbal (tebas-bakar) dan waktu tanam di awal Mei; selain itu, terdapat kearifan pendukung dalam keragaman/kemandirian pangan lokal, yakni kebiasaan panen dan konsumsi “boo” bersama “es­­`u/laor” pada akhir Maret. 2) Jika potensi kearifan pengetahuan tanah lokal (sistem etnopedologi) diintegrasikan dengan evaluasi lahan sistem FAO, nampak titik temunya (overlap) pada telaahan kesuburan tanah, yakni keduanya mengkategorikan “tanah hitam” sebagai yang lebih subur (sangat sesuai), dan “tanah merah” kurang subur (cukup sesuai). Kata kunci: Ar-Wasar , enbal, evaluasi lahan, kearifan lokal, ubi kayu pahit
Penilaian Degradasi Lahan dan Dampak Sedimentasi terhadap Perencanaan Bangungan Air di Daerah Aliran Sungai Wai Ruhu, Kota Ambon Calvin T Tutuarima; Silwanus M Talakua; Rafael M Osok
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 17 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2021.17.1.43

Abstract

Land degradation is the reduction in the ability of land to generate benefits from certain land uses under special treatment from land management. Land degradation usually indicates deterioration in the production capacity of the land either temporarily or permanently. A further consequence of the land degradation process is the emergence of unproductive areas called critical lands. Quantitative and qualitative determination of erosion in a watershed area could be identified through observation of real damage indicators that had occurred in the field. This is based on this study results combined with the method of determining soil degradation in the field, namely the Field Assessment Tools, indicators of soil damage due to erosion obtained in the area of this this study area. These included pedestals, exposed plant roots / tree roots and exposed building foundations as an indication of land degradation due to sheet erosion, channel indicators as channel erosion and trench indicators as trench erosion. The classification of land degradation due to erosion found in the Wai Ruhu watershed showed that the level of land degradation could be classified as light erosion, moderate erosion, heavy erosion and very heavy erosion, with the range of erosion varying from 4.40 tons/ha/year to 675,62 tons/ha/year. Meanwhile, from the results of direct measurements, the overall average sediment concentration was 98,06 mg/L. During the rainy season, the average sediment concentration produced was 107,43 mg/L, higher than during the dry season of 88.69 mg/L. The Wai Ruhu watershed had a fairly large discharge. Although during the dry season the river was not dry completely, the discharge was very small. The basic material found along the Wai Ruhu watershed indicated that there had been intensive degradation processes in the upstream area. Excessive deposition along the river would result in reduced capacity of the river channel. Keywords: Ambon, discharge, land degradation, sedimentation, Wai Ruhu Watershed ABSTRAK Degradasi lahan adalah berkurangnya kemampuan lahan untuk menghasilkan manfaat dan keuntungan dari penggunaan lahan tertentu di bawah perlakuan khusus dari pengelolaan lahan kerusakan lahan biasanya menandakan kemunduran kapasitas produksi dari lahan baik secara temporer maupun secara permanen. Akibat lanjut dari proses degradasi lahan adalah timbulnya areal-areal yang tidak produktif yang disebut lahan kritis. Penentuan besar erosi secara kuantitatif dan kualitatif pada suatu wilayah DAS dapat diidentifikasi melalui pengamatan terhadap indikator-indikator kerusakan yang nyata terjadi di lapangan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan ini, yang dipadukan dengan metode penentuan degradasi tanah di lapangan berupa Field Assessment Tools, maka indikator-indikator kerusakan tanah akibat erosi yang didapatkan di daerah penelitian. Itu terdiri dari pedestal, akar tanaman/akar pohon terekspos dan fondasi bangunan terekspos sebagai indikasi degradasi lahan akibat erosi lembar, indikator alur sebagai erosi alur dan indikator parit sebagai erosi parit. Klasifikasi degradasi lahan akibat erosi yang ditemukan di DAS Wai Ruhu menunjukkan bahwa tingkat degradasi lahan tergolong erosi ringan, erosi sedang, erosi berat dan erosi sangat berat, dengan kisaran besar erosi yang bervariasi antara 4,40 ton/ha/tahun sampai 675,62 ton/ha/tahun. Sedangkan dari hasil pengukuran langsung secara keseluruhan konsentrasi sedimen rata-rata adalah sebesar 98,06 mg/L. Untuk saat hujan konsentrasi sedimen rata-rata yang dihasilkan adalah sebesar 107,43 mg/L, lebih tinggi daripada saat kemarau sebesar 88,69 mg/L. DAS Wai Ruhu mempunyai debit yang cukup besar. Meskipun pada saat kemarau aliran sungai tidak kering sama sekali, tetapi debitnya sangat kecil. Material dasar yang terdapat di sepanjang saluran DAS Wai Ruhu menggambarkan bahwa telah terjadi proses-proses degradasi yang intensif di daerah hulu. Pengendapan yang berlebih di sepanjang sungai akan akan mengakibatkan berkurangnya kapasitas saluran sungai. Kata kunci: Ambon, DAS Wai Ruhu, debit air, degradasi lahan, sedimentasi
Regenerasi Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor) melalui Kultur In Vitro Mega Silvia; Muhammad Hazmi; Hidayah Murtiyaningsih; Laras S Arum
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 17 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2021.17.1.68

Abstract

Sorghum has great potential to be developed as a food source in Indonesia. This study aims to regenerate sweet sorghum in vitro, by adding coconut water and garlic powder to tissue culture. The experiment used a completely randomized design with two treatment factors, and with 2 replications. The first factor was the concentration of coconut water (A), consisting of: A0 (0 mL/L), A1 (50 mL/L), A2 (100 mL/L), A3 (150 mL/L), and A4 (200 mL/L). The second factor was the concentration of garlic powder (B), consisting of : B0 (0 g/L), B1 (10 g/L), B2 (20 g/L), B3 (30 g/L), and B4 (40 g/L). Data were analysis by the analysis of variance wth the F test and DMRT follow-up test at a 0,05 level. The results of the F test showed that the variables of the time of shoot emergence, shoot height at the age of 3, 12, 15, and 18 days after initiation (DAI) were not significantly affected by treatments A, B, and their interaction (A×B), also the percentage of shoot emergence in treatments A, B, and shoot height in treatments B. Variables of shoot number and shoot height at 6 DAI were affected by treatments A, B, and A×B, also the percentage of shoot emergence in treatment A, and shoot height 9 DAI in treatments A and B. DMRT test results showed that the A4 treatment gave the best results on shoot percentage, shoot height at 6 and 9 DAI, and treatment B2 on shoot number. The addition of 200 mL/L coconut water increased shoot height and 20 g/l garlic powder increased the number of shoots in this study. Keywords: coconut water, concentration, garlic, in vitro regeneration, sorghum. ABSTRAK Sorgum memiliki potensi yang besar untuk dikembangkan sebagai sumber pangan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meregenerasi sorgum manis secara in vitro, dari kultur jaringan. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan dua faktor perlakuan, dan dengan 2 ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi air kelapa (A), terdiri dari: A0 (0 mL/L), A1 (50 mL/L), A2 (100 mL/L), A3 (150 mL/L), dan A4 (200 mL/L). Faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi bubuk bawang putih (B), terdiri B0 (0 g/L), B1 (10 g/L), B2 (20 g/L), B3 (30 g/L), dan B4 (40 g/L). Data dianalisis dengan analisis ragan dengan uji F dan uji lanjut DMRT pada taraf 0,05. Hasil uji F menunjukkan bahwa variabel saat munculnya tunas, tinggi tunas pada umur 3, 12, 15, dan 18 hari setelah inisiasi (HSI) tidak nyata dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan A, B, maupun interaksinya (A×B), demikian juga persentase munculnya tunas pada perlakuan A, B, serta tinggi tunas pada perlakuan B. Variabel-variabel jumlah tunas, tinggi tunas 6 HSI dipengaruh secara nyata oleh perlakuan A, B, maupun A×B, demikian juga persentase munculnya tunas pada perlakuan A, serta tinggi tunas 9 HSI pada perlakuan A dan B. Hasil uji DMRT menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan A4 memberikan hasil terbaik pada persentase tunas, tinggi tunas 6 dan 9 HSI, serta faktor B2 pada jumlah tunas. Penambahan air kelapa 200 mL/L meningkatkan tinggi tunas dan 20 g/L bubuk bawang putih meningkatkan jumlah tunas pada penelitian ini. Kata kunci: air kelapa, bawang putih, konsentrasi, regenerasi in vitro, sorgum

Page 10 of 17 | Total Record : 170