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JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN
Published by Universitas Pattimura
ISSN : 18584322     EISSN : 2620892X     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN (Journal of Agriculture) first published in 2003 by the Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University. Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian is an official publication of the Agriculture Faculty, Pattimura University, publishes primary research paper, review article, policy analysis, and research notes and preliminary results in all areas of agronomy. Manuscripts could be written either in English or in Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 170 Documents
 9   10   11   12   13 
Pengaruh Biochar dan Pupuk Organik Cair dari Air Cucian Beras Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Selada Deno Okalia; Tri Nopsagiarti; Gusti Marlina
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 17 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2021.17.1.76

Abstract

Growing vegetable crops such as lettuce, on Ultisol soil has several obstacles, such as insufficient organic matter and nutrients in the soil. The provision of biochar and POC leri or organic fertilizer from rice washing liquid is expected to be a long-term and sustainable solution. This study was intended to test the addition of biochar to the growing media and the application of leri on lettuce cultivation. This study used a factorial Randomized Block Design (RAK) method. The first factor was the application of biochar to the planting medium (M), which consisted of M1: Ultisol without biochar and M2: Ultisol + 30 g biochar. The second factor was the administration of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) leri (P), with 5 treatments consisting of P0: without giving LOF leri, P1: giving LOF leri without fermentation once a week, P2: giving LOF leri without fermentation twice a week, P3: giving fermented LOF leri once a week, P4: giving fermented LOF leri twice a week. The results of this study were tested statistically by analysis of variance, with the F test; if there was a significant difference, it was continued with the BNJ test (Honest Significant Difference) at a 0.05 level. The results showed that the best treatment of LOF leri in increasing lettuce growth and yield was 25% fermented LOF leri given 2 times a week, at 250 mL per lettuce plant. As a single treatment the best growing media was M2 (Ultisol soil + 30 g of biochar) with a plant height of 25.80 cm and the leaf number of 12.83; whereas the best LOF leri treatment was P4 (fermented LOF leri given twice a week), with a plant height of 30.27 cm and leaf number of 14.42. Based on whole plant fresh weight, the best treatment was the M2P4 (Ultisol + biochar growing medium and fermented LOF leri given week), which was 185.99 g per plant. Keywords: household waste, lettuce, POC leri, rice washing liquid ABSTRAK Melakukan budidaya tanaman sayuran, seperti selada, pada tanah Ultisol memiliki beberapa kendala, seperti kurangnya bahan organik dan unsur hara pada tanah tersebut. Pemberian biochar dan POC leri atau pupuk organik dari cairan cucian beras diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi yang bersifat jangka panjang dan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk menguji penambahan biochar pada media tanam dan pemberian leri pada budidaya selada. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah pemberian biochar pada media tanam (M), yang terdiri dari M1: Ultisol tanpa biochar dan M2: Ultisol + 30 g biochar. Faktor kedua adalah pemberian pupuk organic cair (POC) leri (P), dengan sebanyak 5 perlakuan yang terdiri dari adalah P0: tanpa pemberian POC leri, P1: pemberian POC leri tanpa fermentasi 1 kali seminggu, P2: pemberian POC leri tanpa fermentasi 2 kali seminggu, P3: pemberian POC leri fermentasi 1 kali seminggu, P4: pemberian POC leri fermentasi 2 kali seminggu. Hasil penelitian ini diuji secara statistik dengan analisis ragam, dengan uji F; bila terdapat perbedaan nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ (Beda Nyata Jujur) pada taraf 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan POC leri yang terbaik dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi selada adalah 25% POC leri fermentasi yang diberikan 2 kali seminggu, sebanyak 250 mL per tanaman selada. Secara tunggal perlakuan media tanam terbaik adalah M2 (tanah Ultisol+ 30 g biochar) dengan tinggi tanaman 25,80 cm dan jumlah daun 12, 83 helai; sedangkan perlakuan POC leri terbaik adalah P4 (POC leri fermentasi yang diberikan 2 kali seminggu), dengan tinggi tanaman 30,27 cm dan jumlah daun 14,42 helai. Berdasarkan berat basah tanaman, yang terbaik adalah pada perlakuan M2P4 (media tanam Ultisol + biochar dan POC leri fermentasi yang diberikan 2 kali seminggu), yaitu 185,99 g per tanaman. Kata kunci: cairan cucian beras, limbah rumah tangga, POC leri, selada
Limbah Baglog Jamur Tiram Putih sebagai Kompos pada Cabai Rawit (Capsicum frutescens L.) Var. Hiyung Nur H D Ayu; Jumar Jumar; Noorkomala Sari
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 17 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2021.17.1.83

Abstract

Chili pepper is a plant that is favored by the community because its fruit has a spicy taste, so it is widely cultivated by farmers. One of the chili pepper varieties in Indonesia is Hiyung cayenne pepper which originally comes from Hiyung Village of Tapin Tengah District, Tapin Regency, South Kalimantan. In plant-cultivation, fertilization has an important role to meet the nutrient needs of plants. Fertilization to reduce environmental pollution can be done by using organic fertilizers, for example by giving compost of white oyster mushroom planting media waste (baglog). The purpose of this study was to know the effect and the best dose of application of white oyster mushroom baglog waste compost on the growth of cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) variety Hiyung. The research was carried out in February-May 2020, at the Hortibun Agroecotechnology Experimental Field, Faculty of Agriculture, Lambung Mangkurat University. The method used in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor. The treatments tested consisted of: k0 = control (without baglog waste compost) or 0 tons/ha; k1 = 5 tons/ha of baglog waste compost or 125 g/planting hole; k2 = 10 tons/ha of mushroom baglog waste compost or 250 g/planting hole, k3 = 15 tons/ha of mushroom baglog waste compost or 375 g/planting hole; and k4 = 20 tons/ha of baglog compost waste or 500 g/ planting hole. The treatment was repeated 4 times so that there were 20 experimental units. The results on the parameters of plant height, number of leaves, and productive branches showed that the application of white oyster mushroom baglog waste compost had an effect on the growth of cayenne pepper variety Hiyung. The best treatment recommendation was the K3 treatment (15 tons/ha or 375 g/planting hole) which was able to increase plant height by 55.9%; number of leaves 88.2%; and 160% productive branch compared to control at 42 days after planting. Keywords: Hiyung cayenne chilli, baglog waste compost, organic fertilizer, vegetative stage ABSTRAK Cabai merupakan tanaman yang disukai masyarakat karena buahnya memiliki cita rasa pedas, sehingga banyak dibudidayakan oleh pada petani. Salah satu varietas cabai yang ada di Indonesia, yaitu cabai rawit Hiyung, berasal dari Desa Kecamatan Tapin Tengah, Kabupaten Tapin, Kalimantan Selatan. Dalam kegiatan budidaya tanaman, pemupukan memiliki peran yang penting untuk memenuhi kebutuhan unsur hara bagi tanaman. Pemupukan dengan tujuan mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan dapat dilakukan dengan pengunaan pupuk organik, misalnya pemberian kompos limbah media tanam jamur tiram putih (baglog). Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh dan dosis terbaik aplikasi kompos limbah baglog jamur tiram putih pada pertumbuhan cabai rawit (Capsicum frutescens L) varietas Hiyung. Pelaksanaan penelitian pada Februari 2020-Mei 2020, di Kebun Percobaan Hortibun Agroekoteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Lambung Mangkurat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor. Perlakuan yang diuji terdiri dari: K0 = kontrol (tanpa kompos limbah baglog ) atau 0 ton/ha; K1 = 5 ton/ha kompos limbah baglog atau 125 g/lubang tanam; K2 = 10 ton/ha kompos limbah baglog atau 250 g/lubang, K3 = 15 ton/ha kompos limbah baglog atau 375 g/lubang tanam dan K4 = 20 ton/ha kompos limbah baglog atau 500 g/lubang tanam. Perlakuan diulang 4 kali sehingga terdapat 20 satuan percobaan. Hasil pada parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan cabang produktif menunjukan bahwa aplikasi kompos limbah baglog jamur tiram putih berpengaruh pada pertumbuhan cabai rawit varietas Hiyung. Rekomendasi perlakuan terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan K3 (15 ton/ha atau 375 g/lubang tanam) yang mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman 55,9%; jumlah daun 88,2%; dan cabang produktif 160% dibandingkan dengan kontrol pada 42 Hari Setelah Tanam (HST). Kata kunci: Cabai rawit Hiyung, kompos limbah baglog, pupuk organik
Efektivitas Limbah Cengkih dalam Menekan Perkembangan In Vitro Sclerotium rolfsii, Jamur Penyebab Damping Off Kacang Tanah Handry R D Amanupunyo; Nace E Tahitu; Gratiana N C Tuhumury
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 17 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2021.17.1.36

Abstract

Various problems have caused the decline in peanut production, among others the low resistance of peanut plants to various diseases. One of the obstacles in peanut production is the attack of plant diseases, such as the fungus Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. The use of plant-based insecticides can be an alternative to disease control in peanuts. This study aimed to obtain the appropriate and effective dose of clove leaves and flower stalks in suppressing the in vitro growth of the fungus S. rolfsii Sacc causing damping off in peanuts, and to test the effectiveness of clove leaves and flower stalks on the formation of sklerotia of the fungus. This study used ‘tuni’ clove powder from Waai Village, Salahutu District. This experimental study employed a completely randomized design (CRD) with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The results showed that the growth of the fungus S. rolfsii Sacc. was inhibited by clove flower stalk powder at a dose of 1.5 g per100 mL of PDA, which was indicated by the number of sklerotia formed of 13.67% and propagule weight of 0.12 g, followed by a dose of clove leaf powder of 1.5 g per100 mL PDA, with amount of sklerotia formed of 27.33% and propagule weight of 0.17 g. These results were statistically shown on the parameters: colony diameter, Sklerotia formation time, number of Sklerotia, and weight of propagules. Keywords: Clove powder, dosage, in vitro, Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. ABSTRAK Berbagai masalah telah menyebabkan turunnya produksi kacang tanah, diantaranya masih rendahnya ketahanan tanaman kacang tanah terhadap berbagai penyakit. Salah satu kendala dalam produksi kacang tanah adalah serangan penyakit tanaman, seperti jamur Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. Penggunaan insektisida nabati dapat menjadi alternatif pengendalian penyakit pada kacang tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh dosis daun dan tangkai bunga cengkih yang tepat dan efektif dalam menekan pertumbuhan jamur S. rolfsii Sacc penyebab damping off pada kacang tanah secara in vitro, serta menguji efektifitas daun dan tangkai bunga cengkih terhadap pembentukan sklerotia jamur. Penelitian ini menggunakan bubuk cengkih tuni, dari Desa Waai, Kecamatan Salahutu. Penelitian eksperimental ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 8 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan jamur S. rolfsii Sacc. terhambat oleh bubuk tangkai bunga cengkih pada dosis 1,5 g per 100 mL PDA yang ditunjukan oleh jumlah sklerotia terbentuk 13,67% dan berat propagul 0,12 g dan diikuti oleh dosis bubuk daun cengkih 1,5 g per 100 mL PDA, dengan jumlah sklerotia 27,33% dan berat propagul 0,17 g. Hasil ini secara statistik ditunjukkan pada parameter: diameter koloni, waktu terbentuk sklerotia, jumlah sklerotia, dan berat propagul. Kata kunci: bubuk cengkih, dosis, in vitro, Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.
Analisis Kejadian El Nino dan Dampaknya Terhadap Musim Tanam dan Produktivitas Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) di Pulau Kei Kecil Kabupaten Maluku Tenggara Esterlina Kelbulan; Samuel Laimeheriwa; Jacob R Patty
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 17 No 1 (2021): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2021.17.1.52

Abstract

Climate change has an impact that includes extreme climate events such as El Nino. Experience in recent decades has shown that the El Nino climate anomaly has caused prolonged droughts. Peanut are susceptible to drought in part or all of its growth phases due to below-normal rainfall. This study aimed to describe the occurrence of extreme El-Nino rainfall on Kei Kecil Island, Maluku Province, and how much the El-Nino events affected the planting season and peanut production on Kei Kecil Island. This was carried out using the algebraic average technique for calculating the average (normal) rainfall and the FAO (1978) method for determining the growing season. The variables observed were rainfall data and peanut plant productivity data. Data were analyzed using simple regression analysis. The results of the study showed that the El Nino phenomenon generally took place in the period from April to November; mostly starting in April, May, June and September, October and November. Drought events on Kei Kecil Island did not always coincide with El Nino events, and El Nino events did not always cause drought or rainfall below normal. In 1993, 2003, 2007, and 2012 the amount of rainfall on Kei Kecil Island was below normal (<2,308 mm per year) but these years were not recorded as El Nino years. Whereas, 1994, 2009, 2014, and 2018 were recorded as El Nino years but did not cause drought or rainfall under normal conditions on Kei Kecil Island. During the last 30 years, this incident occurred 3 times, i.e. in 1991, 1997, and 2015. The results of the analysis of the growing season showed that the planting season on Kei Kecil Island under conditions of average (normal) rainfall lasted for 289 days or 9 months 16 days (November 1 to August 16). Meanwhile, the growing season when extreme El Nino rainfall occurred, lasted for 201 days or 6 months 20 days (November 1 to May 20). This indicated that when El Nino occurred on Kei Kecil Island, there was a shift in the growing season (ending sooner). The results of the regression analysis illustrated that the increase of the value of rainfall would increase the productivity of peanut crop. Keywords: El Nino phenomenon, growing season, peanut, productivity, rainfall ABSTRAK Perubahan iklim berdampak di antaranya terhadap kejadian iklim ekstrim seperti El Nino. Pengalaman dalam beberapa dekade terakhir ini menunjukkan bahwa anomali iklim El Nino telah menyebabkan kekeringan berkepanjangan. Kacang tanah rentan oleh deraan kekeringan pada sebagian ataupun seluruh fase pertumbuhannya akibat curah hujan yang di bawah normal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari kejadian curah hujan ekstrim El-Nino di Pulau Kei Kecil, Provinsi Maluku, dan seberapa besar kejadian El-Nino mempengaruhi musim tanam dan produksi kacang tanah di Pulau Kei Kecil. Ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode teknik rata-rata aljabar untuk perhitungan curah hujan rata-rata (normal) dan metode FAO (1978) untuk penentuan musim tanam. Variabel yang diamati adalah data curah hujan dan data produktifitas tanaman kacang tanah. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan fenomena El Nino umumnya berlangsung dalam periode April hingga November; terbanyak mulai bulan April, Mei, Juni dan September, Oktober dan November. Kejadian kekeringan di Pulau Kei Kecil tidak selalu bersamaan dengan kejadian El Nino, dan kejadian El Nino tidak selalu menyebabkan kekeringan atau curah hujan di bawah normal. Pada tahun 1993, 2003, 2007, dan 2012 jumlah curah hujan di Pulau Kei Kecil berada pada kondisi di bawah normal (<2.308 mm per btahun) tetapi tahun-tahun tersebut tidak tercatat sebagai tahun-tahun El Nino. Sementara itu, tahun 1994, 2009, 2014, dan 2018 tercatat sebagai tahun-tahun El Nino tetapi tidak menyebabkan kekeringan atau curah hujan di bawah kondisi normalnya di Pulau Kei Kecil. Selama periode 30 tahun terakhir kejadian ini berlangsung selama 3 kali, yaitu pada tahun 1991, 1997, dan 2015. Hasil analisis musim tanam menunjukkan bahwa musim tanam di Pulau Kei Kecil pada kondisi curah hujan rata-rata (normal) berlangsung selama 289 hari (1 November sampai dengan 16 Agustus; 9 bulan 16 hari). Sedangkan musim tanam ketika curah hujan ekstrim El Nino berlangsung selama 201 hari (1 November sampai dengan 20 Mei). Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa ketika El Nino berlangsung di Pulau Kei Kecil, akan terjadi pergeseran musim tanam (berakhir lebih cepat). Hasil analisis regresi menggambarkan bahwa penigkatan nilai curah hujan akan menigkatkan produktivitas tanaman kacang tanah. Kata kunci: curah hujan, fenomena El Nino, kacang tanah, musim tanam, produktivitas
DNA Fingerprinting Analysis of Oil Palm In Vitro Calli Using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) Markers Arfan Nazhri Simamora; Diny Dinarti; Sudarsono Sudarsono; Sri Wening
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 18 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2022.18.1.81

Abstract

Propagating elite oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) planting material through in vitro culture techniques requires more time and advanced technique. Early detection of culture stability would facilitate the process of culture selection and maintenance. This research aimed to analyze the DNA fingerprinting of explants and their calli. Calli consisted of embryogenic and non-embryonic calli, which had been subcultured three times. DNA of explants and calli isolated with DNeasy® Plant mini kit (Qiagen) and Genomic DNA Mini Kit (Plant) (Geneaid). DNA was amplified by SSR-PCR using 16 SSR markers, and can be bulked into two groups to save analysis cost.The result showed that 16 markers produced electropherograms that were identical between the explant and calli. Relatedness coefficient indicated that both compared explant and calli were genetically identical (r = 1). The markers used were quite informative with an average PIC number = 0.48 and can be used for DNA fingerprinting analysis of oil palm in vitro culture.
The Effectiveness of Leaf Powders from Several Types of Plants as Botanical Insecticides Against Mung Bean Beetle Pest (Callosobruchus chinensis L.) in Storage Prisilya Makuku; Muhammad R Uluputty; Jeffij V Hasinu
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 18 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2022.18.1.28

Abstract

Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) has the third economic value among the legume group in Indonesia, after soybeans and peanuts. In storage, mung beans are often attacked by the beetle pest Callosobruchus chinensis L.; thus, it is necessary to control these pests. One way to control it is by using botanical insecticides derived from several types of plants, including lime leaf powder, noni leaf powder, nutmeg leaf powder, and lemongrass leaf powder. The purpose of this study was to obtain the most effective type of plant powder in controlling C. chinensis pests on mung bean seeds in storage. The study was conducted at the Plant Pest Laboratory of the Faculty of Agriculture, Pattimura University, which took place from November 2020 to January 2021. The study was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design with 4 treatments, namely DJ (15 g of lime leaf powder per 100 g of mung bean seeds), DM (15 g of noni leaf powder per 100 g of green bean seeds), DP (15 g of nutmeg leaf powder per 100 g of green bean seeds), DS (15 g of lemongrass leaf powder per 100 g of green bean seeds) and K (control, without leaf powder). Twenty imagos of C. chinensis were used in each treatment, and the experiment had 3 replicates. The variables observed included the initial symptoms after treatment, the mortality rate of the test insects, and the mortality of the test insects. The results showed that the DS (lemongrass leaf powder) and DM (noni leaf powder) treatments resulted in the mortality of the test insects of 93.33% and 91.67%, respectively, and were more effective than the other two treatments, namely DP (nutmeg leaf powder) and DJ (lime leaf powder) as well as controls.
Land Cover Based on Geophysical Characteristics in the Mount Sirimau Protection Forest Group, Ambon City, Maluku Province Evelin Parera; Ris H Purwanto; Dwiko B Permadi; Sumardi Sumardi
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 18 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2022.18.1.1

Abstract

The protected forest as life support ideally has a good performance in this case its vegetation, so that its main function can run well. However, as a forest with various functions, the protected forest of Ambon City, especially the Mount Sirimau Protection Forest Group as a strategic protected forest is located upstream of Ambon City which is very influential on the activities of Ambon City as its downstream, because it has a social and economic impact. The performance of a forest area can be seen from its land cover. In addition, the geophysical characteristics of an area will also affect the land cover of the area. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the condition of land cover in the Mount Sirimau Protection Forest Group based on its geophysical characteristics. The research method used was the survey method and the data analysis method was descriptive analysis. The land covers in the Mount Sirimau Protection Forest Group consisted of seven land covers, spreading over soil types, rock types, topography, and slopes. Intensive management of protected forests is needed according to their geophysical characteristics so that the function of protected forests can be more optimal.
Remediation of Ultisol Soil by Biosilica for Cultivation of Soybean (Glycine max) John Bimasri; Nely Murniati
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 18 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/10.30598/jbdp.2022.18.1.67

Abstract

Ultisol soil is erosion-sensitive and undergoes high nutrient leaching causing low silica content. This study aimed to improve the availability of silica in Ultisol soil by the addition of biosilica derived from rice husk ash for the cultivation of the soybean Derap 1 variety. This study WAS CARRIED OUT in Rahma Village, South Lubuklinggau I subdistrict, Lubuklinggau City, South Sumatera Province (-3018'10'',102054'41'') on 110.5 meters above sea level. This study was conducted from August to November 2021. This was an experimental study that used Randomized Block Design (RBC) with 6 treatment levels and 4 blocks as replicates. The treatments tried were the provision of biosilica at 0 kg/ha (B0 as control), 75 kg/ha (B1), 150 kg/ha (B2), 225 kg/ha (B3), 300 kg/ha (B4) and 375 kg/ha (B5). This study used 24 plots with a size of 2 m × 2 m for every plot. The seeds were planted at a distance of 40 cm × 40 cm, the population of each plot is 20 plants, with 5 diagonally determined samples. Soybean yield was harvested at 84 days of age after planting. Plants were fertilized at doses of 23 kg/ha NO3, 55 kg/ha K2O, and 18 kg/ha P2O5 that were given twice. Variables observed included plant height, number of primary branches, number of pods of each plant, the weight of 100 seeds, and yield per ha. The data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance using SAS software version 9.4 and tested with a Diversity Coefficient at the test level of 1%. It can be concluded from this study that rice husk ash is 375 kg/ha.was able to increase the pH of Ultisol soil. Soil Ultisol that was given biosilica from rice husk ash was able to increase the growth and yield of soybean. Derap 1 variety soybean yield from plants grown on the soil that was given biosilica from rice husk ash increased between 12 and 16%.
Impact of Biochar Use After Five Years in Vertisol and NPK Fertilization on Yield of Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) Oswaldus Oswaldus; Widowati Widowati; Hidayati Karamina
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 18 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/10.30598/jbdp.2022.18.1.35

Abstract

Vertisols are soils that expand when wet but shrivel and harden when dry. Their high clay content can affect soil aeration so that it can interfere with nutrient absorption. Biochar is a soil enhancer that has a longer impact on the sustainability of soil fertility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the residual dose of biochar that had been applied five years previously and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of shallots on Vertisol as soil medium. This study was conducted in Tunggulwulung Village, Lowokwaru District, Malang City. The method used a two-factor Randomized Block Design, consisting of biochar residue with 3 doses (0; 250; 500 g per polybag) and NPK fertilization (with and without fertilization). There was a positive impact from the residue of the previous five-year application of biochar on increasing the number of shallot leaves and bulbs on Vertisol.
Morphological Identification of Five Endophytic Fungus Isolates from Shallots and Their Ability to Inhibit Alternaria porri Ellis Cif Yetti Elfina; Muhammad Ali; Siti Fatimah Wulandari; Roy Ibrahim
JURNAL BUDIDAYA PERTANIAN Vol 18 No 1 (2022): Jurnal Budidaya Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/jbdp.2022.18.1.74

Abstract

One of the obstacles in shallot cultivation is the attack of purple spot disease caused by the fungus Alternaria porri. Alternative disease control that can be done and is relatively safe for the environment is biological control using indigenous endophytic fungi isolated from the plant to control the disease. Biological control using indigenous microorganisms will be more successful because of their higher compatibility and adaptability. This study aimed to characterize and determine the ability of 5 isolates of endophytic fungi islated fron shallot to control the pathogenic fungus Alternaria porri in vitro. It was carried out through observation and experiment, consisting of: (1) isolation and characterization of endophytic fungi on shallots and (2) in vitro testing of endophytic fungi against A. porri. The data obtained from observations were analyzed descriptively and the data from the inhibitory test were analyzed by analysis of variance, to test five endophytic isolates obtained from shallot root and leaf tissues. The results of this study indicated that: (1) isolate B belonged to the genus Nigrospora, isolate C to the genus Aspergillus, isolate D to the the genus Epicoccum, whereas isolates A and E were unknown; (2) 5 isolates of this indigenous endophytic fungus were hypovirulent with a disease severity index <2 so that they could be used as disease control agents; (3) 5 isolates of indigenous endophytic fungi of shallots showed inhibition ranging from 47.76%-55.25%, with isolate C genus Aspergillus having the highest inhibition with a percentage of 55.25%.

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