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A. Grummy Wailanduw
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jurnalotopro@unesa.ac.id
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Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Negeri Surabaya Gedung A6 Kampus UNESA Ketintang Surabaya 60231 Telp. (031) 8299487, Fax. (031) 8292957
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Otopro
Published by Universitas Negeri Surabaya
ISSN : 1858411X     EISSN : 26857863     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/1026740/otopro
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Automotive Engineering Energy Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
Jurnal Otopro diterbitkan 2 (dua) kali setahun yaitu bulan Mei dan November oleh Jurusan Teknik Mesin, FT-UNESA, sebagai media informasi dan forum kajian masalah ilmu Teknik Mesin. Berisi tentang tulisan ilmiah, ringkasan hasil penelitian, pembahasan kepustakaan dan gagasan kritis yang orisinil. Redaksi mengundang para ahli, praktisi, dan siapa saja yang berminat untuk menyumbangkan tulisan yang belum pernah diterbitkan dalam media cetak lain, tema tulisan meliputi: Permesinan, Konversi Energi, Material dan Metalurgi, Manufaktur, Rancang Bangun Mesin
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 165 Documents
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INVESTIGASI EFEK SOLIDITAS RUNNER TERHADAP PERFORMA TURBIN CROSSFLOW Abdul Muis Rifai
Otopro Vol 19 No 1 Nov 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Mesin Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/otopro.v19n1.p1-7

Abstract

The crossflow turbine is a popular type of hydropower generator used to convert water energy into electricity. It offers several advantages, including a simple design, reliable performance, and suitability for low-head water flows. This study investigates the effect of runner solidity on the performance of a crossflow turbine. The designed turbine will operate at a three-meter head with a flow rate of 41.55 litters and a runner speed of 300 rpm. The runner design is straightforward, using blades made from four-inch pipes for easy availability and simple manufacturing and repair processes. Variations in runner solidity are achieved by adjusting the number of blades. The investigation uses runners with 15, 20, 25, 30, and 33 blades, representing solidities of 11.7%, 14.6%, 17.5%, and 19.2%, respectively. The results show that the runner developed from a set of blades produced by four-inch pipes, operating under the designed conditions, achieves maximum performance with an efficiency of 81.42% at a solidity of 17.5%, or 30 blades
STUDI PENGGUNAAN MANIPULATOR TEGANGAN PADA SENSOR TEKANAN BAHAN BAKAR MESIN DIESEL COMMON RAIL DITINJAU DARI DAYA & KONSUMSI BAHAN BAKAR Farida, Nike Nur; Monasari, Ratna; Gunawan, Chandra; Aji, Supa K.
Otopro Vol 19 No 2 Mei 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/otopro.v19n2.p71-77

Abstract

In a common rail diesel engine system, the entire fuel system is regulated electronically by a computer device called the ECU.  With this sensor manipulator tool, it is hoped that you will be able to change the output of the fuel pressure sensor to modify the ECU input. This makes it possible to change the power produced by the vehicle and reduce fuel consumption. This research is using experimental methods. The initial step is to take vehicle power test data under normal conditions, with the fuel pressure sensor output voltage at 1.28 V, reduced by 0.2 (1.08 volts), decreased by 0.1 (1.18 volts), increased by 0,1 (1.38 volts), and up 0.2 (1.48 volts). The results of this research show that the highest power at a speed of 80 km/h occurs at a voltage of 1.38 volts and 1.48 volts, with a power of 103 HP. Optimal fuel pressure produces good misting, ensures the mixture of fuel and air in the combustion chamber is homogeneous, and produces maximum power. The results of the fuel consumption test show that the lowest fuel consumption occurs at a vehicle speed of 40 km/hour with a fuel pressure sensor voltage of 1.38 volts, which is around 0.615 cc/second. It can be concluded that a voltage of 1.38 volts produces the most optimal fuel pressure. The throttle valve and pedal openings are still slightly open, so the amount of fuel entering the combustion chamber is also limited, so fuel consumption is very economical.
ANALISA PENGARUH WIND SHIELD DAN REAR BOX TERHADAP GAYA HAMBAT UDARA PADA SEPEDA MOTOR Legowoh, Ragel Nasrulloh; Fahruddin,; Akbar, Ali
Otopro Vol 19 No 2 Mei 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/otopro.v19n2.p55-59

Abstract

One of the favorite vehicles in cities and villages is a motorbike because it is practical and economical. So most of them modify their motorbikes. Starting from adding accessories such as a wind shield and rear box. An aerodynamic vehicle body shape can have an effect on reducing fuel consumption and minimizing forces that hinder the vehicle's speed. This research aims to see the difference in air resistance between motorbikes that have been modified and those that have not been modified. The simulation used uses a numerical simulation method with CFD (Computational Flow Dynamics) software. The form of modification is the addition of a wind shield and rear box. The average speed travelled in the flow simulation is 60 km/hour. The equations used in this research are the drag coefficient, velocity, drag force and flow trajectory equations. The research results show that the Windshield and Rear Box have a very significant influence on drag force. The higher the speed given, the greater the resistance force received. The addition of accessories such as a wind shield and rear box affects the drag force on a motorbike, which is the greatest at 205.28N for a speed of 80 km/hour. The largest drag coefficient is also obtained when these two accessories are added, namely 0.0071 at a speed of 80 km/hour.  
ALAT ELEKTROPLATING BERBASIS PENGATUR WAKTU UNTUK PELAPISAN CHROME DI LABORATORIUM PELAPISAN LOGAM Langgeng, Langgeng; Pratama, Hendra Saputra; Sodiwiryo, Kusetyono Lamiran
Otopro Vol 19 No 2 Mei 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/otopro.v19n2.p65-70

Abstract

Practicum is a fairly complex teaching and learning process, but the level of complexity is always in line with human development. It is necessary to have facilities or media that can stimulate the learning process so that it runs effectively and efficiently, including tools that support practicum activities. The steel used is usually a type of low carbon steel which is corrosive in air, water and soil. This corrosion can occur because steel throws away electrons, causing the steel to oxidize. Steel that experiences oxidation can become brittle, weak, and unable to bear the load that a steel structure should support. Therefore, corrosion can reduce the durability of low-carbon steel structures as well as pipes. However, with the coating method, low carbon steel can be protected from corrosion. Coating steel using metal can be done using various methods, including electroplating (cold dipping) using the direct current method. The working principle is almost the same as electrolysis, where the galvanized metal acts as the anode, while the base metal specimen acts as the cathode. Apart from prioritizing visual results, other factors are equally important and need to be considered, such as durability and protection from corrosion. Because in certain situations, the metal's resistance to corrosion is very important. This coating refers to surface coating, which is a process of modifying the surface of a material with the aim of obtaining properties such as corrosion resistance, high hardness, high temperature resistance and wear resistance without any significant changes to the structural properties.
ANALISIS KUALITAS BRIKET CAMPURAN KULIT KEMIRI DAN BONGGOL JAGUNG SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKAR ALTERNATIF Anggara, Mietra; Robbani, Farisan; Rasyid, Muhammad Yaz; Dhanasmara, Hamratul Aisyah; Samanhudi, M. Syawqi; Hidayah, Rini Nirmala
Otopro Vol 19 No 2 Mei 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/otopro.v19n2.p45-49

Abstract

The increase in human population in the world is proportional to the increase in energy needs. Energy needs are still dominated by fossil energy. Efforts to reduce dependence on fossil energy are by using natural reserves from abundant energy sources, namely biomass. Utilization of candlenut shells and corn cob waste which are abundant in the West Nusa Tenggara (NTB) area can be used as mixed materials for making charcoal briquettes. The target of this research is to analyse the quality of a mixture of charcoal briquettes from a mixture of candlenut shells and corn cobs as an alternative future fuel. In the process of this research, variations of the mixture of candlenut shells and cobs were carried out with variable composition 1 (65% candlenut husk; 25% corn cob; 10% adhesive; variable 2 (55% candlenut husk; 35% corn cob; 10% adhesive); and variable 3 (45% candlenut husk; 45% corn cob; 10% adhesive). In this test, the calorific value, combustion rate, and emission gas test were calculated. The results showed that the mixture was 65% candlenut husk, 25% corn cob, and 10% adhesive. has the highest heating value of 5010 joules, which is according to SNI at least 5000 joules, the combustion rate is 0.91 g/m, and exhaust emissions are CO (1.18), CO2 (2.92), O2 (20.9) and HC (395 ) has met Indonesian national standards according to Minister of Environment Regulation Number 05 of 2006 concerning Emission Standards.
ANALISIS KEKUATAN IMPACT KOMPOSIT POLYESTER BERPENGUAT SERBUK KAYU JATI DENGAN VARIASI FRAKSI VOLUME MATRIKS DAN REINFORCEMENT Ariantika, Kadek; Wiratmaja, I Gede; Nugraha, I Nyoman Pasek
Otopro Vol 19 No 2 Mei 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/otopro.v19n2.p50-54

Abstract

The biggest problem facing the automotive industry today is limited natural resources and environmental protection. Therefore, it is very important to conduct and carry out research and mapping of alternative materials that can reduce the use of non-renewable materials. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of variations in the volume of teak wood powder on the impact strength of composites with a polyester polymer matrix and identify fracture patterns. This research uses an experimental design combined with one-way statistical analysis of variance to test the research hypothesis. The results showed that there were significant differences in impact strength between the variations of the three specimens tested. Specimens with variations in volume fraction of 20%:80% for teak wood powder and polyester resin have the highest impact strength, while specimens with variations in volume fraction of 30%:70% for teak wood powder and polyester resin have the lowest impact strength. Apart from that, examination of the microscopic structure of the fracture patterns shows differences in fracture patterns between specimens. Specimens with variations in volume fraction of 0% (100% polyester resin) show a brittle fracture mechanism, while specimens of 10%:90%, 20%:80%, 30%:70% for teak wood powder and polyester resin show that the fracture pattern that appears is a combination of fragility and fibular fracture which is also called a fibrous fracture.
PENGARUH PUTARAN SPINDLE SPEED TERHADAP KEAUSAN PAHAT CARBIDE PADA PROSES PEMBUBUTAN BAJA ST37 Ratlalan, Roberth M.; Valentine, Odilia
Otopro Vol 19 No 2 Mei 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/otopro.v19n2.p60-64

Abstract

The machining process has an important interaction between the tool and the workpiece, in which case the workpiece experiences intersection and the tool experiences friction. This friction occurs when the chisel touches the flowing surface and touches the area where the surface of the workpiece has crossed. As a result of friction, the tool wears out. Wear and tear that occurs is caused by expansion or enlargement to a specified limit, resulting in it not being used or having no function because damage has occurred. The research variables used three chisel bits and three specimens which were used to test their wear at 450 rpm, 1200 rpm and 2200 rpm rotation using a portable LCD digital microscope. Following are the results of the chisel bit research showing the wear of carbide bits using 3 specimens, so the wear value for the first tool was 3.09 µm, the second tool was 2.26 µm, and the third tool was 11.36 µm.
THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON Na, K, AND Ca EMISSION DURING COMBUSTION OF PINEWOOD SAWDUST Legonda, Isack
Otopro Vol 20 No 1 Nov 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/otopro.v20n1.p13-16

Abstract

Quantification of Na, K, and Ca emissions from the combustion of pinewood sawdust has been conducted. The concentration of these metals in both sawdust and ashes was determined using inductive coupled plasma spectrometry. Ash samples were collected at 550 oC and 900 oC to simulate the actual operating conditions for thermal conversion processes which are mainly pyrolysis, gasification, and combustion. Also, tar samples were collected from the pyrolysis process conducted at 500 oC to assess the concentration of selected metals. The analysis results showed that emissions of Na, K, and Ca were found to range from 19-39 ppm, 340-400 ppm, and 500-550 ppm for temperatures between 550 oC and 900 oC respectively. The presence of metal content in tar supports that the emission mechanism can be through adhesion during the volatilization of heavy hydrocarbons from biomass combustion. Thus, the study findings suggest that treatment of metal emissions from the open fire such as that of firewood cookstoves is highly recommended.
ANALISA GETARAN POROS POMPA SENTRIFUGAL PADA SISTEM PENYAMBUNGAN KOPLING SABUK DENGAN VARIASI DIMENSI UKURAN TEBAL DAN LEBAR SABUK Can, Aldo; Isranuri, Ikhwansyah
Otopro Vol 20 No 1 Nov 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/otopro.v20n1.p24-30

Abstract

Pump machines at the Regional Drinking Water Company can pump and deliver drinking water to homes for the community's needs. But in reality, pumping machines are not always 100% able to convert electrical energy into motion energy. The remnants of wasted energy are Vibration. Vibration can damage the engine components connecting to the pump, namely bearings, shafts and flanges. Another cause is misalignment in the flange connection of the motor and pump. The solution is to connect the two flanges with a flexible and elastic material, namely 4 belts. For this reason, this analysis uses the Spring Mass Model with a Multiple Degrees of Freedom System, which is 3 DOF. The thickness variations of the belt used are 4.5 mm, 6 mm and 7.5 mm and the width is 98 mm, 120 mm, and 145 mm. The results of the analysis of the belt with dimensions of 145 mm wide and 7.5 mm thick have the smallest acceleration, velocity, deviation values, namely 8.53 m⁄s2 , 0.42 m/s, 0.24 m, have mass, stiffness and the largest attenuation, which is 1.52 kg, 133 N/m, and 937.76 N⁄(m⁄s) and at Natural Frequency which is 7.5 mm thick, it means the best and most resistant among all variations of the thickness and width of the belt tested. and recommended to the Regional Water Company.  
PENGARUH DIAMETER MAIN JET TERHADAP KINERJA MESIN PENGGERAK KAPAL NELAYAN SKALA KECIL Nugroho, Agung; Arifin, Syamsul; Wahid, Muhammad Abdul
Otopro Vol 20 No 1 Nov 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26740/otopro.v20n1.p7-12

Abstract

Environmental pollution caused by exhaust gases from two-stroke outboard engines, known for their high fuel consumption, is a significant issue for small-scale fishermen. This study aims to optimize fuel consumption and engine performance by examining the effect of main jet diameter on a 40 Hp two-stroke outboard engine. The experimental method was employed with three main treatments: main jet #150, #145, and #135. Testing was conducted by measuring fuel consumption at various engine speeds (rpm) – maximum, medium, and minimum – as well as the resulting boat speed. The results showed that using a larger main jet (#150) produced lower rpm and boat speed but higher fuel consumption. Conversely, the main jet #135 yielded higher rpm and boat speed with more efficient fuel consumption. However, potential long-term engine damage was indicated with the use of main jet #135. In conclusion, the main jet #145 is  considered optimal for normal operating conditions, offering a balance between engine performance and fuel efficiency.

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