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Jurnal Medika Hutama
ISSN : 27158039     EISSN : 27159728     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Jurnal Medika Hutama adalah jurnal hasil penelitian, studi kasus, dan tinjauan pustaka di bidang Kesehatan dan Kedokteran
Articles 533 Documents
SEBUAH TINJUAN PUSTAKA: TONSILITIS KRONIS Putu Jaya Wiratama
Jurnal Medika Hutama Vol. 4 No. 02 Januari (2023): Jurnal Medika Hutama
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Medika Indonesia

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Abstract

Tonsilitis adalah proses peradangan yang terjadi pada tonsil palatina dan dapat mengenai semua umur terutama pada anak-anak. Tonsilitis dapat menular melalui udara, droplet infeksi dan ciuman. Berdasarkan data pada epidemiologi penyakit THT-KL di ke-tujuh provinsi di Indonesia pada tahun 1994-1996. Tonsilitis kronis memiliki prevalensi tertinggi setelah nasofaringitis akut (4,6%) yaitu sekitar 3,8%. Berdasarkan Survey Kesehatan Rumah Tangga data morbiditas pada anak-anak yang menderita penyakit tonsilitis kronis pada umur 5-14 tahun menduduki urutan ke lima. Peradangan pada tonsil ini dapat disebabkan oleh infeksi baik oleh virus ataupun bakteri yakni infeksi grup A Streptococcus Beta hemoliticus, Pneumococcus, Stphylococcus dan Haemofilus influenza, hal ini biasanya menyerang anak-anak pada umur pra-sekolah hingga dewasa. Untuk penatalaksanaan tonsilitis kronis ini meliputi beberapa terapi operatif dan medikamentosa.
RINOSINUSITIS KRONIK: DIAGNOSIS HINGGA PROGNOSIS Ferium Trah Ismaya
Jurnal Medika Hutama Vol. 4 No. 02 Januari (2023): Jurnal Medika Hutama
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Medika Indonesia

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The epithelium of the respiratory tract is the main point of interaction between living organisms and their environment. The epithelium of the respiratory tract plays an important role in the process of disease and disorders of the respiratory tract. One of the diseases that can occur due to damage to this epithelium is chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). CRS is generally defined as a clinical condition in the form of persistent inflammation of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses, which lasts for 12 weeks or more. CRS can occur due to abnormalities in host and environmental factors. In general, the diagnosis of CRS can be made based on the history, physical examination, and supporting examinations. There are 2 main modalities in the management of CSR, namely medical management and surgical intervention. Various complications can arise if not treated properly including orbital, endocranial, and bone complications. The prognosis of CRS is influenced by the accuracy and speed in the process of diagnosis and administration of treatment.
SEBUAH TINJUAN PUSTAKA: PENATALAKSANAAN BETA THALASEMIA Muhammad Nooradi Praramdana
Jurnal Medika Hutama Vol. 4 No. 02 Januari (2023): Jurnal Medika Hutama
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Medika Indonesia

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Thalasemia adalah kelompok kelainan genetik heterogen yang dihasilkan dari penurunan sintesis rantai alfa atau beta hemoglobin (Hb). Thalasemia adalah penyakit keturunan, artinya setidaknya salah satu dari orang tua harus menjadi pembawa penyakit tersebut. Thalasemia merupakan bagian dari anemia herediter yang dipicu oleh menurunnya sistensis salah satu rantai globin yang menggabungkan hemoglobin (HbA, α2 β2). Pengelompokan klinis Thalasemia-ß. Bersumber pada tingkatan keparahan anemia, dengan memandang defek genetik (ß+ ataupun ß0) dan jumlah gen (homozigot ataupun heterozigot). Beta Thalasemia disebabkan oleh sejumlah mutasi yang memengaruhi berbagai aspek produksi globin beta, seperti transkripsi, translasi, atau stabilitas produk beta-globin. Ini akhirnya menyebabkan hemoglobin yang rusak, yang rentan terhadap kehancuran. Talasemia mayor diobati dengan transfusi sel darah merah. Transfusi rutin menempatkan pasien pada risiko kelebihan zat besi, reaksi transfusi, dan juga mengembangkan antibodi sel darah merah, yang membuat pencarian darah donor yang cocok untuk transfusi berikutnya menjadi sulit.
MULTIPLE MYELOMA: MENGENALI AWITAN HINGGA PROGNOSIS Amira Fathin Nabila Yusuf; Mohammad Rizki
Jurnal Medika Hutama Vol. 4 No. 02 Januari (2023): Jurnal Medika Hutama
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Medika Indonesia

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Monoclonal neoplasm or plasma cell malignancy is a disease that develops from B cells. One example of a monoclonal neoplasm is multiple myeloma. Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a malignancy that occurs in plasma cells obtained from a single clone. This disease is characterized by the discovery of damage to the skeleton, kidney failure, hypercalcemia, and anemia. The etiology of this disease is still not known with certainty, but several hypotheses have been developed between the influence of environmental factors and cytogenetic abnormalities and oncogenes. MM can be enforced based on the results of anamnesis, physical examination and supporting examinations. The criteria used are the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG). The principles in the management of MM are systemic therapy to control the progress of MM and supportive therapy. The prognosis of this disease depends on the speed and accuracy of disease identification and the management given.
X-LINKED AGAMMAGLOBULINEMIA Luh Komang Diah Lakhsmi Paramita
Jurnal Medika Hutama Vol. 4 No. 02 Januari (2023): Jurnal Medika Hutama
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Medika Indonesia

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Imunodefisiensi primer adalah gangguan system imun yang disebabkan adanya kelainan genetic yang diperoleh dari orang tua, salah satu kondisi imunodefisiensi primer adalah X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia (XLA). Sumber bacaan yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini berasal dari buku, google, Pubmed, dan google scholar serta dalam rentang 10 tahun terakhir. Hasil didapatkan bahwa X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia (XLA) ditandai dengan adanya penurunan produksi sel B dan jumlah immunoglobulin akibat mutase gen bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK). Kondisi ini biasanya ditemui pada anak diatas usia 6 bulan dengan gejala infeksi berulang. Diagnosis dapat dilakukan dengan pemeriksaa laboratorium dan analisis DNA. Setelah didiagnosis, tatalaksana yang dapat diberikan pada pasien dapat berupa terapi pengganti imunoglobulin, pemberian antibiotik dan pencegahan pemberian vaksin hidup kepada penderita.
BAROTRAUMA SEBAGAI FAKTOR RISIKO PENDUDUK PESISIR PANTAI Raisa Astasia; I Gusti Ayu Trisna Aryani
Jurnal Medika Hutama Vol. 4 No. 02 Januari (2023): Jurnal Medika Hutama
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Medika Indonesia

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Barotrauma is tissue damage due to changes in barometric pressure that occurs when diving or flying. Barotrauma can occur when the gas-filled spaces in the body become closed spaces by blocking the normal ventilation pathways. The pathophysiology of this disease is based on Boyle's law which states that a decrease or increase in environmental pressure will increase or suppress (respectively) a volume of gas in a confined space. If the gas is present in a flexible structure, the structure can be damaged by expansion or compression. Symptoms of this disease can be divided into 2, namely symptoms of descent and ascent. Barotrauma can be managed quite simply by administering decongestants and avoiding diving or flying until the patient is able to balance middle ear pressure again.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA DIABETES MELITUS DENGAN GLAUKOMA Layus Iranna Umayya; Indah Sapta Wardani
Jurnal Medika Hutama Vol. 4 No. 02 Januari (2023): Jurnal Medika Hutama
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Medika Indonesia

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Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease caused by metabolic disorders with clinical signs of increased blood sugar levels that exceed normal limits. Management of DM must be done quickly, precisely, and continuously. If this is not done, it will cause various complications, one of which is glaucoma. Glaucoma is a chronic and progressive eye disease with damage to the optic disc and visual field defects caused by increased intraocular pressure due to obstruction of the eyeball's discharge (Aqueous Humor). There are several hypotheses which state that there is a significant relationship between DM and the incidence of glaucoma. If DM patients already have glaucoma complications, the treatment given must be a combination of DM and glaucoma management to produce a good prognosis.
SEBUAH TINJAUAN PUSTAKA: DIAGNOSIS HINGGA PROGNOSIS ULKUS KORNEA Anggia Viona Farehan Adam; Marie Yuni Andari
Jurnal Medika Hutama Vol. 4 No. 02 Januari (2023): Jurnal Medika Hutama
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Medika Indonesia

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Corneal ulcer is a pathological condition in the cornea of ​​the eye which is characterized by the presence of suppurative infiltrates with reverberant corneal defects and discontinuity of the corneal tissue from the epithelium to the stroma. Corneal ulcers can be caused by infection and/or non-infection. In general, corneal ulcers can be classified into 2, namely central corneal ulcers and peripheral corneal ulcers. The diagnosis of the disease can be based on the results of the anamnesis, physical examination, and supporting examinations. Management of corneal ulcers is based on the etiology of the disease. If a corneal ulcer is diagnosed early and treated quickly and precisely, it will produce a good prognosis.
HEMOFILIA: SUATU KELAINAN PADA FAKTOR PEMBEKUAN DARAH Andi Annisa Amaliah Darman; Raehanul Bahraen
Jurnal Medika Hutama Vol. 4 No. 02 Januari (2023): Jurnal Medika Hutama
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Medika Indonesia

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Hemophilia is a disease caused by a genetic blood clotting disorder. This blood clotting disorder is X-linked hereditary due to a deficiency of clotting factors VIII or IX. Two forms are known, namely hemophilia A and hemophilia B. Hemophilia A is caused by a deficiency of factor VIII, while hemophilia B is caused by a deficiency of factor IX. The prevalence of hemophilia in the world is recorded at 400,000 cases or 1 in 10,000 live births. The diagnosis of this disease can be made on the basis of anamnesis, physical examination and supporting examinations. Hemophilia is a chronic disease that is irreversible so it has a poor prognosis. Nonetheless, the quality of life of hemophilia patients can be improved with early diagnosis and appropriate management.
Etiologi Multipel dari Xerostomia yang Dialami Pasien dengan HIV Positif: Studi kasus Anzany Tania Dwi Putri
Jurnal Medika Hutama Vol. 4 No. 02 Januari (2023): Jurnal Medika Hutama
Publisher : Yayasan Pendidikan Medika Indonesia

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Xerostomia is commonly reported as an oral complaint among dental patients. Many factors contribute to its presence, including medication use, chronic diseases, and psychogenic conditions. A strong association between extensive dental caries and oral infections has been discussed in several studies. Here we report a case of xerostomia related to various medical issues in a patient who was currently undergoing a 6-month rehabilitation program. Case Presentation: A 45-year-old male patient with histories of multiple substance abuse, HIV positive, Hepatitis C, and schizoaffective disorder came with a chief complaint of excessive dry mouth in the last two months. At clinical examination, poor oral hygiene with debris coated on the tongue, fissures in lip corners, little saliva amount, shiny oral mucosa, multiple carious lesions, and missing teeth were revealed. The patient was given education on how to maintain oral hygiene, asked to increase fluid intake, use 0.9% sodium chloride mouthwash every two hours daily, and scheduled weekly to receive dental treatments. Discussion: Proliferation of HIV-infected CD8+ cells and infiltration of HCV to salivary glands, drug-induced vasoconstriction, and consuming numerous medications that inhibit salivary production are suspiciously associated with the occurrence of Xerostomia. Conclusion: Comprehensive treatment that requires teamwork between dentists, physicians, and patients is strongly needed to obtain a good result.