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INDONESIA
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan
ISSN : 02164329     EISSN : 24428957     DOI : 10.20886/jphh
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Materials Science & Nanotechnology
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan adalah jurnal ilmiah nasional yang mempublikasikan tulisan yang telah dicermati oleh Dewan Redaksi dan Mitra Bestari di bidang hasil hutan. Tulisan dalam Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan mencerminkan inovasi dan hasil penelitian dasar dan terapan yang berkualitas di bidang hasil hutan. Topik tulisan penelitian hasil hutan meliputi: 1. Anatomi bahan berlignoselulosa 2. Sifat fisik dan mekanik bahan berlignoselulosa 3. Teknologi serat bahan berlignoselulosa 4. Papan komposit bahan berlignoselulosa 5. Biodeteriorasi dan pengawetan bahan berlignoselulosa 6. Teknologi pengeringan hasil hutan 7. Penggergajian dan pemesinan kayu 8. Pengolahan hasil hutan kayu dan bukan kayu 9. Pengolahan kimia dan energi hasil hutan 10. Ilmu kayu dan teknologi hasil hutan Keteknikan hutan 12. Pemanenan hasil hutan kayu dan bukan kayu
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Kehutanan
Articles 1,297 Documents
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PENGOLAHAN MINYAK KEMIRI DENGAN CARA PELARUTAN DAN PENGEMPAAN Bambang Wiyono
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 13, No 3 (1995): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1995.13.3.110-117

Abstract

The objective of this research is to study the processing of candle nut oils by using solvent extraction and pressing techniques. In a solvent extraction technique, several solvents were applied in the experiment. The choice solvent was used to extract the treated candle nut seeds. In a pressing technique, five levels of pressing temperature were applied to extract untreated candle nut seeds. The effect of the temperatures was calculated by a complete randomized design. Relationship between the pressing temperature and oil properties was analysed with a polynomial orthogonal method.Results showed that a hexane solvent with pure analytical grade was the best solvent to extract candle nut oils as indicated by the highest yield of oils. Using this solvent, a dry-frying treatment on candle nut seeds gave the highest yield of oils, compared boiling and control treatments. In a pressing technique, the increasing of pressing temperature gave a highly significant effect on yields, specific gravity, peroxide and iodine numbers. It also gave a significant effecr on saponifiable number. A polynomial orthogonal analysis showed that pressing temperatures had a highly significant quadratic relationship to oil yields or iodine number, a linear relationship to peroxide number or spesific gravity, and a significant cubic relationship to saponification number. Based on the regression equation for iodine number, the optimum value of iodine number was obtained at a 93° C pressing temperature. At this temperature, the oil yield which could be produced was 59, 79 %. The candle ma oil produced at this temperature was the best oil quality, as indicated by the highest value of iodine number, 97.28.
PENGARUH LAMA PENYULINGAN SECARA KERING PADA KONDISI VAKUM TERHADAP RENDEMEN DAN SIFAT FISIKO-KIMIA RESIDU DAMAR MATA KUCING Bambang Wiyono; Kurnia Sofyan; Dedeh Kurniasih; Poedji Hastoeti
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 19, No 2 (2001): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2001.19.2.89-101

Abstract

Dammar resin of Shorea javanica which its essential oil has been isolated can still be used for industrial purposes. Relating to this, the objective of the research is to investigate the effect of a vacuum dry distillation time on yield and the physico-chemical properties of dammar residue.A vacuum dry distillation technique of dammar was carried out at a pressure of 0.06 Pa, a temperature of 65 - 85°C for 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, and 2.5 hours, respectively. Each of distilling times was triplicated. To see the effect of distilling time on the yield and properties of dammar residue, the data were analysed by a factorial completely randomized design procedure, and their different means values were tested with Tukey's procedure. The relationship between distilling time and the yield or its physico-chemical properties of dammar residue was analysed with a polynomial orthogonal regression in a SAS package.The results showed that distilling time gave a highly significant effect on yield, softening point, ash content, iod number, acid number and saponification number of dammar residue, except for unsoluble matter in toluene. The increase in distilling lime tent to decrease in the yield and acid number of dammar residue, but it also tent to increase in softening point, ash content, iod number, saponification number and unsoluble matter in toluene. Moreover, distilling time of 2.5 hours is the optimum time to give the highest values of softening point and iod number, but with the lowest value of acid number. Polynomial orthogonal analysis revealed that there were relationship between distilling lime and yield of dammar residue and its properties with a highly significance.Compared to Indonesian National Standard for dammar, dammar residue has not met the requirement for softening point, acid number and ash content criteria. To meet the requirement, it was suggested to increase the pressure in the vacuum dry distillation process with a proper condentation for this pressure.
WHITE-ROT FUNGAL PRETREATMENT OF FORESTRY WASTES FOR SOLID STATE METHANE FERMENTATION Gusmailina Gusmailina; Sri Komarayati; B De Wilde; S Vanhille
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 4 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.4.53-61

Abstract

Penelitian  ini bertujuan  untuk  melihat  sejauh  mana pengaruh  pemberian  jamur  perusak  kayu  (white-rot fungus)  terhadap perombakan ligno-selulosa yang terdapat pada limbah kehutanan  untuk  digunakan  sebagai substrat pada fermentasi metan secara padat.  Limbah  kehutanan yang digunakan adalah serbuk gergaji kayu karet (Hevea brasiliensis) dan pinus (Pinus  merkusii) serta daun kayu putih (Melaleuca  leucodendron) sisa penyulingan. Jamur yang digunakan  adalah Schizophyllum  commune Fr. dengan lama waktu  inokulasi sampai 5 minggu dan kemudian  baru difermentasi.Karet merupakan  substrat yang miskin  untuk  dapat menghasilkan  metan.  Produksi  gas tidak  meningkat  secara nyata.  Pinus sangat sukar dirombak,  sedangkan pada limbah daun kayu putih  terdapat inhibitor yang menjadi penghalang sewaktu proses berlangsung,  namun  inhibitor  ini agak menjadi  lunak  untuk  difermentasi  setelah diberi pra-perlakuan  terlebih  dahulu  dengan jamur  perusak  kayu.Pada masing-masing  substrat  terdapat  hubungan  spesiflk  antara berat kering yang  hilang selama  berlangsungnya  aktifltas  jamur  dengan perubahan  produksi  metan.   Perubahan  efisiensi  metan  berkisar  antara  10%-25%.  Praktisnva  penerapan   untuk   "biogas  generasi"   masih diperlukan  penelitian  lebih lanjut  untuk  memperoleh  produksi  secara maksimal.   Namun  demikian  untuk  limbah ligno-selulosa lainnya seperti jerami pra-perlakuan  ini sangat baik  untuk  dikembangkan.
PROSPEK PASAR SAGU Satria Astana; Hariyatno Dwiprabowo; Triyono Puspitodjati
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 9, No 3 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1991.9.3.115- 121

Abstract

Based  on  the demand potential,sago starch has  a good prospect in both domestic and international domestic market, sago starch will be largely absorbed by the domestic High Frutose syroupe  (HFS) industry. A new plant of  total capacity as  much as 198.600 tonnes per annum is being considered by the indonesian Government. In interna­ tional market,  the demand potential  of sago  is promising. The developing countries alone will be facing the cereai, defisit of  67 million tonnes in  1990  and 105  million tonnes in 2000.  Sago starch is expected to contribute a sizeable quantityto overcome  these defisits.         
PRODUKTIVITAS DAN BIAYA ALAT HASIL REKAYASA DALAM PENGELUARAN KAYU JATI DI DAERAH CURAM Wesman Endom
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 31, No 1 (2013): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2013.31.1.63-74

Abstract

Pada studi ini dikaji pengeluaran kayu balak pada medan sulit dengan sistem kabel layang menggunakan mesin kecil yarder prototipe alat Expo generasi-II yang bertenaga 5,5 PK. Kayu balak ditarik dari petak tebang ke pinggir jalan angkutan yang berada di atas lereng pada jarak sejauh 50 m. Produktivitas yarder baru tercapai rata-rata 0,6363 m3/jam berarti masih di bawah target kisaran 2,5 -5 m3/jam. Biaya investasi Rp 72.000.000 atau sebesar Rp 102.986/jam atau Rp 156.351/m3. Analisis finansial menggunakan data aktual kinerja alat dan pada harga sewa alat sama dengan biaya pengeluaran kayu diperoleh nilai NPV dan IRR negatif. NPV dan IRR positif saat harga sewa lebih besar yaitu Rp 185.000/m3.
KETAHANAN BAMBU PETUNG (Dendrocalamus asper Backer) YANG DIAWETKAN DENGAN CCB TERHADAP SERANGAN PENGGEREK DI LAUT Mohammad Muslich; Sri Rulliaty
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 32, No 3 (2014): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2014.32.3.199-208

Abstract

Bambu adalah bahan lignoselulosa yang rentan terhadap serangan serangga termasuk penggerek di laut. Penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai informasi dasar pengawetan bambu menggunakan bahan pengawet CCB (Copper-bichromated boron) terhadap penggerek di laut. Lima belas batang bambu petung,masing-masing panjangnya 4 m, dibedakan bagian pangkal, tengah dan ujung. Semua batang bambu tersebut diawetkan dengan CCB 3% dengan proses modifikasi Boucherie selama 7 hari. Bambu yang sudah diawet, dibuat contoh uji berukuran panjang 30 cm dan lebar 5 cm dengan ulangan sebanyak 15 kali. Sebelum contoh uji dipasang di laut selama 6 bulan, retensi dan penetrasi bahan pengawet dicatat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua contoh uji diserang oleh penggerek di laut dengan berbagai tingkat serangan. Contoh uji yang diawetkan dengan CCB mendapat serangan ringan, sedangkan yang tidak diawetkan mendapat serangan berat oleh penggerek di laut. Siafat anatomi bambu petung mempunyai jaringan ikatan pembuluh yang terdiri dari metaksilem dan phloem dengan diameter yang besar, sehingga mudah diawetkan. Rata-rata retensi bahan pengawet CCB pada contoh uji bagian pangkal adalah 13,62 kg/m3, sedangkan bagian tengah dan atas 11,47 kg/m3 dan 9,12 kg/m3. Semua contoh uji yang diawetkan dengan proses modifikasi Boucherie mencapai penetrasi 100%. Hasil identifikasi penggerek yang menyerang contoh uji adalah Teredo sp. dan Martesia striata.
ANALISIS KIMIA BEBERAPA JENIS KAYU DARI INDONESIA BAGIAN TIMUR (Chemical analysis of several wood species from East Indonesia) Gustan Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 14, No 1 (1996): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1996.14.1.1- 6

Abstract

This paper  reported  the  result  of  chemical  analysis  of  nine  wood  species  from  East Indonesia.  The analysis comprise of the determination  of  holocellulose,  cellulose,  lignin,  pentosan,  ash  content,  silica  content  and the solubility  in cold water,  hot water,  one percent  of  sodium  hydroxide and alcohol  benzene extractives.  These analysis  were conducted to determine their basic characteristics and ultimate uses of the wood. The result showed that holocellulose  content ranges from  66,91 - 75,29 %, cellulose from  43,50- 54,72 %, lignin from  24,04 - 33,09  %, pentosanfrom   14,34 - 18,95  %, ash content from  0,38  - 2,13  %, silica content from  0,12 -1,91  %, The solubility in cold water rangesfrom 2, 71  -  8,42  %, hot water from  2,87 - 8,92  %,  in NaOH 1  % from  12,34  - 26,65   %  and in alcohol benzena (1:2) from  2,42-11,86  %. Based on chemical analysis,  especially  the  cellulose content the 9 wood species from  East Indonesian are suitable as raw material for pulp and paper industry.Keywords:   IBT, Chemical Component.
ANALISIS KIMIA 18 JENIS KAYU KURANG DIKENAL DARI JAWA BARAT Gustan Pari Pari
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 7 (1990): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1990.6.7.426-430

Abstract

This paper  deals with  chemieal  analyses  of eighteen  lesser known  wood  species from West Java. The analyses  comprise of  the determination of holocellulose, cellulose,   lignin, pentosan, moisture content, ash. content, silica content and  the solubility in cold  water, hot  water, one percent of sodium hydroxide and alcohol  benzerui extractiue. These   analyses  were conducted  to  determine their  basic characteristics  and  ultimate uses of  the  wood.              The result  shows  that  holocellulose content   ranges from  52,45 - 73,69 percent,   cellulose  from  42,87-58,54 percent, lignin from 20,0 - 31,42  percent,  pentosan from   12,09  - 18,46  percent, moisture content   from 6,84 - 18,62 percent, ash  content from 0,23  - 1,92   persent, silica content   from   0,11 - 0,74 percent. The  solubility in cold  water ranges  from  0,80 - 8,57 percent, hot  water  from  0,84 - 9,64 percent, in one percent sodium hydroxide   solution from 9,07 - 30,34  percent and  in alcohol  benzena (1:2)  from  0,99 - 11,49  percent. Based on chemical analyses, especially the  cellulose  content,  the  18  lesserknown    wood  species  from West  Java  are suitable  as raw material  for pulp  and paper  industry.
SIFAT PULP KIMIA-TERMOMEKANIK (CTMP) KA YU MANGIUM (Acacia mangium Willd) DARI BERBAGAI TINGKAT UMUR Rena M; Siagian Siagian; Han Roliadi; Togar Hendrik Martua
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 19, No 4 (2001): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2001.19.4.245-257

Abstract

This investigation deals with the assessment of mangium (Acacia mangium Willd.) wood plantation of various maturities for the manufactureof chemi-thermo-mechanical pulp (CTMP) with varying chemical (alkali) concentrations. The properties of CTMP examined were those related to its possibility for newsprint. The ages consisted of three levels (i.e. 6, 7 and 10 years) at which the respective mangium stands were normally harvested from their first rotation. Three ages groups, of mangium were felled for obtaining wood samples. Afterwards, the mangium woods were chipped for further investigation. The alkali concentrations for pre-pulping (chip- softening) stage were consecutively 2, 4, 6, and 8 percent. In the Asplund refiner, the softened chips underwent a 15 minute pre-steaming at 5 psi and then fiberized into pulp for 3 minutes in the Asplund refiner. The resulting pulp were determined for their yield, and further bleached by using peroxyde in 2 stages. The bleached pulps were also examined of their yield, and subsequently made into handsheet at the targeted grammage (50 gram per sq.m) for testings of their actual grammage, strength and optical properties.Data analysis reveals that different wood ages and varying alkali concentrations did not contribute significant effect on their bleached pulp yield. The pulp yields were relatively high in the range of 60-75 percent. The hand-sheets of pulp in terms of its grammage, ranged from 43.0 to 51.6 g/m2. These could satisfy the SNI (Indonesian National Standards) requirements for newsprint. The thicknesses of pulp sheets, which were above 0.10 mm, did not meet the newsprint pulp standard quality requirement. Physical properties of mangium CTMP as described by their tensile, and tear index were correlated positively with wood age. On the contrary, these properties were not affected by alkali concentrations. Further, the different wood maturities brought about significant changes in pulp brightness; and so did the alkali concentration, whereby the brightness was affected negatively. Further, the opacity of the pulp sheet was not affected by wood maturities and alkali concentrations.Wood of 10 years old and with alkali concentration at 2 percent were found to be the optimum treatment combination for its application in the manufacture of CTMP for newsprint. The grammage, thickness, physical, and optical properties of the resulting CTMP, satisfy the SNI requirement for newsprint.
STRUKTUR ANATOMI, SIFAT FISIK DAN MEKANIK KAYU PALADO (Aglaia sp.) Mody Lempang; Muhammad Asdar
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 24, No 2 (2006): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2006.24.2.171-181

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengidentifikasi struktur anatomi, sifat fisik dan sifat mekanik kayu palado (Aglaia sp.) yang diambil dari hutan produksi alam di Kalukku Kabupaten Mamuju, Propinsi Sulawesi Selatan.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa palado memiliki kayu gubal berwarna putih sampai krem dan teras berwarna coklat muda sampai coklat kelabu; serat lurus, tekstur agak halus, pori sedikit (3 per.mm²) berbentuk lonjong dan tersebar tata baur; perforasi tipe sederhana; jari-jari luar biasa pendek, sempit dan jarang (tinggi 327 mm; lebar 25,52 mm dan frekuensi 5 per mm², parenkim tersebar atau baur. Panjang serat 1.132 mm dan diameter serat 25,61 mm; diameter lumen 17,39 mm; dan tebal dinding 1,64 mm. Kadar air kering udara 15,85%; berat jenis kering udara 0,48 dan berat jenis kering tanur (kerapatan) 0,53;  penyusutan kering udara ke kering tanur 2,71% (radial) dan 4,67% (tangensial); keteguhan lentur pada batas patah 612,72 kg/cm2 dan keteguhan tekan sejajar serat 402,28 kg/cm2.

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