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Rumpun Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Jakarta
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur
Published by Universitas Negeri Jakarta
ISSN : 23392029     EISSN : 26225565     DOI : https://doi.org/10.21009/JKEM
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mechanical Engineering
This journal aims as a medium for lecturers, researchers and practitioners to discuss result of their research in the field of mechanical engineering.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik Mesin
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)" : 10 Documents clear
Passenger Seat Design and Analysis for Railway Executive Transportation Zainuddin; Anggara, Aditya; Setiawan, Dibyo; Setiawan, Apri
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.10.2.1

Abstract

The design of executive chairs for trains was carried out to improve safety, comfort and aesthetics of the train. Seat design innovation was made by prioritizing passenger comfort and paying attention to the S curve of the passenger's spine. This research carried out a redesign of the Indonesian railway executive chair with the added advantage of a chair that can be tilted up to 40° from the initial position of 10°. After the design concept is selected, a simulation will be done on three critical parts of the train seat including chair frame, footrest, and footrest frame. According to investigation, there are facilities tailored to user needs, starting from a folding table, middle arm rest, reclining seat 40°, rotate system 180°, and footrest. The mechanism used for reclining seats with the help of a gas spring to adjust the backrest and a rotate system mechanism with plate bearings. Thus, the seat can be adjusted to the direction of the train's advance. The final chair dimensions of 1101x´1091´x632 mm and material ASTM A36, polypropylene, rubber.
The Impact of Varying Water Turbine Blade on Performance of Pico Hydro Power Plants Paloboran, Marthen; Pangruruk, Thesya Atarezcha; Hasim, Wabdillah; Ali, Andi Muhammad Taufik; Muflihat, Syakia; Kaju, Fatra Aderian
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.10.2.2

Abstract

This study has a purpose to determine the number of blades effect on a water turbine regarding flow rate and turbine rotation. The turbine utilized in this study is a Pelton-type impulse turbine, which harnesses potential energy and water pressure to enhance its rotational speed. Additionally, it examines how turbine rotation affects voltage, current, and electric power generated. This research is an experimental study focusing on a prototype mini-micro hydro water turbine. The testing involved varying the valve openings at angles of 36°, 54°, 72°, and 90°, as well as the number of blades, which were set to 6, 8, and 10. The output parameters were measured using instruments that met the specifications for the test equipment. The results indicated that the minimum water discharge required to drive the turbine prototype was 30 cm³/s at a valve opening of 36°. The minimum power generated for each variation in the number of blades was as follows: 0.114 W for 6 blades, 1.426 W for 8 blades, and 1.672 W for 10 blades. At the maximum valve opening of 90°, a flow rate of 67 cm³/s was achieved. Under these conditions, the turbine generated powers of 1.5 W for 6 blades, 7.593 W for 8 blades, and 8.16 W for 10 blades. These findings demonstrate that the performance of the micro-hydro power generation system is significantly influenced by water discharge, turbine rotation speed, and the specifications of the power generator used. This study provides valuable insights for developing renewable energy sources to supply electricity in remote areas with limited access to conventional energy. Furthermore, the results can serve as a foundation for designing more efficient and sustainable micro-hydro systems in the future. The results indicate that an increase in the number of turbine blades leads to greater kinetic energy in the water, which in turn raises the rotational speed of the turbine. This increase in kinetic energy enhances the conversion of water energy into mechanical energy, resulting in improved efficiency of the turbine.
Finite Element-Based Structural Evaluation of a Rescue Boat Crane Mount on LCT 153 Vessel Rean, Everin Shafa Ghaitsa; Nugroho, Priyambodo Nur Ardi; Sofia, Emy
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.10.2.3

Abstract

Rescue operations onboard marine vessels rely on effective and reliable deployment mechanisms for rescue boats, particularly in emergency scenarios. Cranes are commonly installed to assist in lowering rescue boats, but their performance depends greatly on the strength and reliability of their mounting systems. This study investigates the structural performance of a rescue boat crane mounting system on an LCT 153 vessel using finite element analysis. The problem addressed in this research is the lack of quantitative data on how different crane configurations affect the structural integrity of their mounting base under operational loads. Two crane models with different outreach and load specifications were assessed to identify the most structurally efficient option. Stress distribution and deformation were simulated using 3D models and meshed at various sizes to ensure convergence accuracy. The results revealed that the configuration with a 6-meter outreach generated lower stress (19.69 MPa) and deformation (0.004 mm), while the 7-meter alternative showed higher values. The findings contribute to safer and more efficient crane mounting designs and serve as a reference for shipyards in selecting appropriate equipment based on load performance and structural reliability.
Creation and Evaluation of a Polyurethane/Carbon/Zinc Oxide Film Composite for Use as a Coating Material Kurniawan, Ova; Soegijono, Bambang
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.10.2.9

Abstract

The material used as a coating must have unique characteristics. A frequently used coating material is polyurethane. Even though Polyurethane has been widely used as a coating material, it has limitations in thermal resistance. Incorporating fillers such as carbon and ZnO can improve its thermal, dielectric, and corrosion-resistant properties. Composite films of polyurethane with carbon, ZnO, and a mixture of both were prepared. Characterizations included FTIR, TGA, DSC, XRD, dielectric testing, salt spray, water vapor permeability, hydrophobicity, and adhesion tests. FTIR confirmed the presence of functional groups from the fillers. TGA and DSC showed improved thermal stability, particularly in carbon-filled composites. Salt spray and permeability tests indicated enhanced corrosion resistance in ZnO-filled samples, while dielectric properties improved with carbon addition. Hydrophobicity and adhesion tests met coating material criteria. Among all variants, the polyurethane/carbon composite demonstrated the most favorable combination of thermal, dielectric, and surface properties, making it the most suitable for protective coating applications.
Planning for the Development of a 40 kWp Off-Grid Centralized Solar Power Plant (SPP) on Insumbabi Island Yusuf, Erwin; Jakariya; Subeno, Agus
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.10.2.4

Abstract

This study aims to design and evaluate a 40 kWp off‑grid centralized Solar Power Plant (SPP) to meet the electricity needs of two underserved villages on Insumbabi Island, Supiori Regency, Papua, Indonesia. A systematic planning and technical design process was conducted, comprising field surveys, satellite‑based solar potential analysis, load assessment, and system configuration. Performance simulations using photovoltaic (PV) Syst software indicate a daily energy output of 158.386 kWh, delivered by 216 PV modules and battery storage with two‑day autonomy. The system achieves an annual average production of 3.3–3.6 kWh/kWp/day. The maximum energy that can be produced by the solar panels reaches 67,661 kWh per year, with the highest monthly output of 6,194 kWh in August and the lowest of 4,992 kWh in February, a performance ratio (PR) of 0.602, and a solar fraction (SF) of 1.0. This confirms its capacity to fully meet local energy demands year‑round. The proposed design demonstrates high feasibility and offers a replicable model for off‑grid rural electrification projects in Indonesia.
Performance and Efficiency Comparison of Human Waste Biogas and LPG Production in Modified Water Pump Engines Anggrainy, Rani Anggrainy; Afiah, Syifa Kawakib Nurul; Latiep, Abdul; Sukrawan, Yusep; Noor, Ridwan Adam Muhamad; Nurhaliza, Tiana; Fauzi, Virgi Ahmad; Abdurrahman, Fajar
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.10.2.7

Abstract

As daily needs and fuel prices continue to rise and non-renewable natural resources diminish, alternatives are needed to replace these energy sources with renewable energy. Data from the National Energy Council shows that in Indonesia, only 16.358 household biogas digester units have been installed, or about 1.6% of the total potential that can be utilized. This research aims to compare the performance of biogas from human feces with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as fuel for water pump engines. The method used is experimental, involving the modification of the carburetor on the water pump engine, followed by direct measurement and analysis of the water pump results using variations of biogas and LPG fuels. A literature review indicates that biogas has great potential as a renewable energy source, but its utilization in Indonesia remains very limited. In this study, the test variables include variations in pump speed at 3800, 5300, and 6600 rpm. The test results show that the mass flow rate of biogas compared to LPG yields the highest discharge at 6600 rpm (0.118: 0.150 m³/s). For both biogas and LPG fuels, the maximum shaft power of the water pump engine reaches 3.9 kW at 6600 rpm. The maximum waterpower generated by the water pump engine using biogas and LPG is 1.26 kW and 1.6 kW at 6600 rpm, respectively, while the maximum efficiency reaches 32% with biogas and 41% with LPG. Therefore, the higher the water pump engine speed, the higher the values of shaft power, engine power, discharge, and efficiency. The efficiency ratio comparison between biogas and LPG at 6600 rpm is 3:4.
Characteristics of Agricultural and Plantation Wastes as Solid Biomass Energy Feedstock: A Systematic Review Tambunan, Hardiansyah; Safrizal; Fahmi, Mutiara
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.10.2.6

Abstract

The conversion of agricultural and plantation waste into biomass energy represents a promising pathway in the global transition to environmentally friendly energy sources. However, systematic comparisons of different types of agricultural and plantation biomass waste remain limited. This study aims to identify and evaluate the characteristics of various agricultural and plantation wastes to determine their feasibility as solid biomass energy feedstock. A systematic literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, DOAJ, and manual searches, focusing on articles published between 2014 and 2025. A total of 32 relevant studies were selected based on inclusion criteria. The analysis revealed that coconut shells, coffee grounds, and oil palm kernel shells possess superior fuel properties, particularly high calorific values of ≥ 4000 cal/g, making them highly suitable for solid biofuel production. These findings emphasize the strategic potential of agricultural and plantation waste as a sustainable energy source. The study contributes to the advancement of circular economy practices, promotes effective waste management, and supports the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
The Effect of Hardening Process on SKD 61 Material using Single Quenching and Double Quenching Techniques on Its Mechanical Properties Wiradinata, Trisna Ardi; Nopryandi; Daryus, Asy'ari; Bagas, Stefanus; Sugiyanto, Didik
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.10.2.8

Abstract

This study focuses on investigating the effects of Single quenching and double quenching techniques on the mechanical properties of SKD 61 material, particularly in the context of bending strength and hardness measured using the Brinell hardness test. The research method involved heating SKD 61 specimens to 1000°C for 15 minutes, followed by cooling using oil and air as quenching media. The results showed that the single quenching technique with oil medium increased the bending strength from 406.89 to 435.84 N/mm² and the hardness from 255 to 315 HB. The single quenching technique using air increased the bending strength to 410.88 N/mm² and the hardness to 290 HB. Meanwhile, the double quenching technique using a combination of oil and air produced a bending strength of 430.08 N/mm² and a hardness of 305 HB. These improvements are based on average values, and no statistical significance testing was conducted. These findings suggest that the appropriate selection of quenching media can optimize the mechanical properties of SKD 61, which is crucial for industrial applications requiring a combination of high toughness and strength.
Heat Pump Drying of Arabica Coffee Beans: Influence of Inlet Air Conditions on Drying Rate Constant Hanifah, Muhamad Abu; Kosasih, Engkos Achmad; Fauzi, Muhammad Burhanuddin
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.10.2.5

Abstract

Drying is a crucial step in agricultural processing as it reduces moisture content, extends shelf life, and preserves product quality. For heat-sensitive Arabica coffee beans, heat pump drying (HPD) is an efficient and energy-saving method. This study investigates the drying characteristics of wet Arabica coffee beans using an HPD system, focusing on determining the drying rate constant (k) at various inlet air temperatures and humidity conditions. The drying process was conducted for 30 minutes at a constant air mass flux rate of 0.69 kg/m²-s at temperatures of 45, 50, 55, 60, and 65°C. Inlet air conditions were controlled with a cooling system at 10, 15, and 20°C, compared to ambient air without cooling. The results showed that increasing drying temperature and decreasing inlet air humidity significantly enhanced the drying rate. Additionally, the study explored the relationship between the constant air mass flux and variable parameters, including air temperature and humidity, which directly affected the drying rate constant (k). The highest k value (17.66 × 10⁻⁵ s⁻¹) was observed at 65°C with air from the cooling system at 10°C, indicating that combining high temperature and dry air improves drying efficiency.
Comparative Analysis of Taper and Taperless Horizontal Turbine Blades at Labuhan Jukung Beach Buana, Setiadi Wira; Prakoso, Yudhistira Alghifari; Kencana, Elsa Rizkiya; Yunesti, Putty; Wardani, Wulan Kusuma; Persada, Guna Bangun; Madi
Jurnal Konversi Energi dan Manufaktur Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21009/JKEM.10.2.10

Abstract

The uneven distribution of electricity demand across Indonesia necessitates the development of Renewable Energy Sources, particularly wind energy. This study evaluates the performance efficiency of horizontal-axis wind turbines equipped with two blade types: taper and taperless, both using the NACA 0012 airfoil. Aerodynamic simulations were conducted using QBlade software. Wind speed data from 2017 to 2022 were sourced from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), while electricity consumption data were obtained from the Statistics Bureau of Pesisir Barat Regency. A quantitative approach using descriptive graphical analysis was employed to compare the performance metrics of the two blade designs. The results show that the taperless blade achieves higher power coefficient (Cp) and torque coefficient (Ct) values compared to the taper blade, although the taper blade produces greater torque (T). The energy conversion of the taperless blade reached 347.6 kWh, representing an increase of approximately 4.83% over the 331.6 kWh generated by the taper blade. Further analysis indicates that approximately 19 taperless-blade turbines are required to meet the daily electricity demand of 6,545 kWh in Pesisir Barat Regency. These findings support the recommendation to adopt taperless blades for improved wind energy utilization in the region.

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