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Departemen Anestesiologi dan Reanimasi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga-RSUD Dr Soetomo Surabaya Gedung Anestesi Baru-RSUD Dr Soetomo Surabaya Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo No 6-8, Airlangga, Gubeng, Surabaya, 60286, Indonesia
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation (IJAR)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 27224554     EISSN : 2686021X     DOI : 10.20473/ijar.V2I12020.1-7
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
IJAR is a scientific journal published by Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga. IJAR is an English language journal. IJAR FOCUSES original research, review article, case report, and correspondence, on anesthesiology; pain management; intensive care; emergency medicine; disaster management; pharmacology; physiology; clinical practice research; and palliative medicine. This journal is a peer-reviewed journal established to improve the understanding of factors involved in anesthesiology and emergency medicine.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Articles 97 Documents
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Comparison of Intravenous Administration of Remifentanil with Fentanyl for Increased Blood Sugar Levels in Post Cardiac Surgery Patients Irvan; Doddy Tavianto; Reza Widianto Sudjud
Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation (IJAR)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine-Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijar.V6I12024.14-22

Abstract

Introduction: The incidence of hyperglycemia in patients with heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery reaches 50% in patients without a history of Diabetes Mellitus. This condition of hyperglycemia can increase morbidity and mortality. Objective: This study aims to assess the effect of using the agent remifentanil intravenously 0.5-1 µg/kgBW bolus followed by maintenance at a dose of 0.05-0.1 µg/kgBW/minute intravenously compared to the use of fentanyl 3-10 µg/kgBW followed by a maintenance dose of 0.03-0.1 µg/kgBW/minute for increased blood sugar levels in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with the Cardiopulmonary Bypass (CPB) procedure. Methods: This study is an experimental study with a single-blind randomized controlled design. Patients will be divided into 2 groups consisting of 12 patients each, namely group R (remifentanil) received remifentanil, and group F (fentanyl) received fentanyl. Blood sugar levels will be checked before and after surgery. Results: The research has been conducted at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung from February 2023 to May 2023. The average increase in blood sugar levels in the remifentanil group was 74 mg/dl, while in the fentanyl group, it was 90 mg/dl. The p-value given is 0.214. Statistical test results showed that the value of p> 0.05. Conclusion: This study concludes that there is no significant difference in the increase in blood sugar levels between the two groups (remifentanil and fentanyl). This can be caused by the use of opioid doses in the lower range and more complex surgical procedures in our research.
Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia with Isobaric Ropivacaine 0.375% for Inguinal Hernia Surgery in a Heart Failure Patient with Ejection Fraction of 36% Muhammad Isra Rafidin Rayyan; Salman Sultan Ghiffari; Achmad Hariyanto; Achmad Wahib Wahju Winarso; Haris Darmawan; Ichlasul Mahdi Fardhani
Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation (IJAR)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine-Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijar.V6I12024.50-57

Abstract

Introduction: Heart failure is a condition caused by myocardial abnormalities that interfere with the fulfillment of the body's metabolism. It is one of the primary causes of high perioperative morbidity and mortality rates, and its management presents a challenge to anesthesiologists. Objective: To demonstrate combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with isobaric ropivacaine 0.375% for inguinal hernia repair surgery in a heart failure patient with an ejection fraction of 36%. Case Report: A 53-year-old man presented with a complaint of a lump on his left groin accompanied by pain with a visual analog scale (VAS) pain score of 3/10 three days before admission. The patient was also known to often complain of shortness of breath and chest palpitations when lying down at night and during strenuous activity. Based on the examination, the patient was then diagnosed with reducible left lateral inguinal hernia and heart failure with LVEF 36%. Subsequently, the patient was scheduled for elective herniotomy-hernioraphy surgery under low-dose combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. Spinal anesthesia was performed with isobaric ropivacaine 0.375% and fentanyl 25 μg in a total volume of 3.5 ml at the L3-L4 intervertebral space. Epidural anesthesia was performed with isobaric ropivacaine 0.375% and fentanyl 25 μg in a total volume of 8 ml at the L2-L3 intervertebral space. After 10 minutes, the sensory block reached the T6 level, but the motor block was only partial (Bromage 1). A continuous infusion of isobaric ropivacaine 0.1875% 1 ml/hour was administered through the epidural catheter to control postoperative pain. During surgery and hospitalization, the patient's hemodynamic condition remained stable. Conclusion: Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia with isobaric ropivacaine 0.375% can provide adequate anesthesia with relatively stable hemodynamics, thus making it safe for inguinal hernia repair surgery in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction.
Investigation of Heart Rate Variability and The Requirement for Vasopressors Relationship Due to Hypotension in Patients Undergoing Caesarean Section with Spinal Anesthesia Kübra Bektaş; Duygu Yücel; Fatih Uğur
Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation (IJAR)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine-Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijar.V6I12024.23-31

Abstract

Introduction: The most common effect of spinal anesthesia applied in cesarean section operations is hypotension. It is very important to prevent hypotension due to fetal bradycardia, acidosis, and maternal effects. Objective: This research was conducted to predict and prevent maternal hypotension in pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean section with spinal anesthesia by measuring heart rate variability parameters about hypotension. Methods: The study included pregnant women aged 18-45 with ASA 2 classification who underwent elective cesarean section with spinal anesthesia. Using the 'CorSense Heart Rate Variability Finger Sensor by Elite HRV' device and its smartphone application, 102 volunteer pregnant patients were monitored for 5 minutes in the recovery unit, and their data were recorded. After the administration of spinal anesthesia, patients who exhibited a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 20% or more from their baseline values received intravenous ephedrine in 10 mg bolus doses at each instance of low blood pressure measurements. Patients who received a total of 20 mg or more ephedrine doses or more as needed were designated as 'Group 1,' while patients who received less than 20 mg or no ephedrine were classified as 'Group 2.' Results: This study was completed with a total of 102 pregnant patients With 46 patients in Group 1 and 56 patients in Group 2, the relevant parameters that showed a statistically significant difference between patient groups were subjected to ROC analysis for predicting hypotension. It was determined that patients with high HF POWER and TOTAL POWER values had a greater need for vasopressors due to hypotension following spinal anesthesia (p<0.05). Conclusion: In the research, these values are believed to have the potential to predict hypotension in patients undergoing cesarean sections with spinal anesthesia.
The Use of Dexmedetomidine, Midazolam, and Ketamine in Prevention of Emergence Agitation in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Surgery Under General Anesthesia Hanifah Syilfana; Beni Indra; Rahmani Welan; Rinal Effendi; Erlina Rustam
Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation (IJAR)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine-Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijar.V6I22024.116-124

Abstract

Introduction: Emergence agitation (EA) is a problem that often occurs in pediatric patients during recovery from anesthesia. The cause of EA remained unclear, but the combination of etiologies increases the risk of postoperative agitation. The researchers use various drugs such as ketamine, midazolam, and dexmedetomidine to prevent and treat EA. Objective: This review aims to determine the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine, midazolam, and ketamine in preventing emergence agitation in pediatric patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia. Method: This literature review is a narrative review that looks at the outcomes of randomized controlled trials (RCT) studies that tested how well dexmedetomidine, midazolam, and ketamine worked at keeping pediatric patients from becoming agitated during emergence. Literature was collected through Google Scholar and PubMed using the keywords Pediatric, Children, Dexmedetomidine, Ketamine, Midazolam, Emergence Agitation, Emergence Delirium, Postoperative Agitation, and Postoperative Delirium and published within the last ten years (2011–2021) in English or Indonesian. The researchers excluded articles that were not available in full, as well as literature reviews. Results: Based on the specified database and keywords identified, there were 695 articles. This literature study included thirteen articles that met the inclusion criteria. Ten articles examined the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine, four reviewed the effectiveness of midazolam, and three examined the effectiveness of ketamine. Conclusion: According to the ten reviewed articles, administering dexmedetomidine or ketamine reduced the incidence of emergence agitation in children. However, the administration of midazolam yielded inconsistent results. To evaluate the optimal dosage, route, and timing of dexmedetomidine, midazolam, and ketamine in preventing EA, further studies are necessary.
Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Nerve Block as Post-Operative Management of Lower Abdominal Surgery in Ksatria Airlangga Floating Hospital Vina Lidya Setjaputra; Steven Christian Susianto; Jessica Deborah Silitonga; Maya Hapsari Kusumaningtyas; I Putu Agni Rangga Githa; Robbi Tri Atmaja; Burhan Mahendra Kusuma Wardhana; I Ketut Mega Purnayasa Bandem; Khildan Miftahul Firdaus; Agus Harianto
Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation (IJAR)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine-Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijar.V6I22024.99-105

Abstract

Introduction: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) implementation in remote areas by operating hospital ships is immensely helpful due to high patient turnover, reducing costs, and minimizing the effects of surgical stress. Utilization of regional anesthetics, namely ultrasound-guided Transversus Abdominis Plane (TAP) block or Quadratus Lumborum (QL) block, is applicable and beneficial in this setting. Objective: Due to the limited time, facilities, and health personnel available in floating hospital services surgery, several adjustments in anesthetic methods are required to rapidly return patients to their preoperative physiologic state. Therefore, we wrote this case report. Case Series: We presented case series of lower abdominal surgery performed in Ksatria Airlangga Floating Hospital with the implementation of peripheral nerve blocks as one of the ERAS protocols in one of the remote islands in Indonesia, Gili Iyang Island. Two patients underwent TAP blocks, while the remaining two received QL Blocks. A peripheral nerve block was performed under ultrasound guidance and a 20-mL injection of 0.25% levobupivacaine to QL muscle or TAP. During the observation, we found Visual Analogue Score (VAS) of 1-2 after surgery, no post-operative sedation needed, only 1 patient experienced nausea without vomiting, and the length of health facility stay were less than 3 days. Nearly all of our patients who underwent lower abdomen surgery got benefits from the application of peripheral nerve block. Because there was no opioid consumption in our cases, the risk of unwanted effect of opioids like postoperative nausea and vomiting, were also decreased. Conclusion: Peripheral nerve block, as mentioned TAP Block and QL Block, has emerged as a promising alternative to prevent and manage post-operative pain in remote medicine settings, namely Ksatria Airlangga Floating Hospital, particularly in areas with few medical facilities.
Initial Sofa Score and Mortality of Sepsis Patients in the Intensive Care Unit of Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan: Does It Correlate? Raisa Syifa Hanif; Tasrif Hamdi; Alfansuri Kadri; Eka Roina Megawati
Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation (IJAR)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine-Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijar.V6I22024.73-79

Abstract

Introduction: Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction or failure that is the primary cause of death in infectious disease. the Sepsis-3 Task Force recommends The Sequential (Sepsis-Related) Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) Score as a means of Sepsis identification. Objective: To determine the correlation between sepsis patients’ deaths in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan and their initial SOFA score. Methods: This study uses a cross-sectional study design and an observational analytical investigation. The sample for this study was sepsis patients who were treated in the ICU of Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2021-2022, and they were selected using the purposive sampling method. After calculating the Slovin formula, 61 samples are required. The researchers obtained the data from patient medical records. The analyses used are univariate and bivariate, with the Independent-T test and Fisher’s exact. Results: From 71 patients, there were 36 patients (50.7%) in the age group of 46-65 years old; 39 patients (54.9%) were male; 50 patients (70.4%) had comorbidities; and 50 patients (70.4%) had non-surgical disease. The average initial SOFA score was 9.89 ± 3.95, with mortality for sepsis patients in the ICU of 74.6%. The findings of the statistical analysis indicated a substantial difference (p<0.001) in the SOFA scores of those who survived and those who did not, as well as a significant correlation (p<0.001) between the initial SOFA score and mortality. Conclusion: There is a correlation between initial SOFA score and the mortality of sepsis patients in the ICU of Haji Adam Malik Hospital.
A Randomized Controlled Study: Comparing the Effectiveness of iSCOPE 3 and AirTraq Video Laryngoscope Examinations in Patients Undergoing Tracheal Intubation Sania Parveen; Syed Moied Ahmed; Mohd Najmul Aqib Khan
Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation (IJAR)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine-Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijar.V6I22024.80-88

Abstract

Introduction: Nowadays, indirect laryngoscopy is a commonly used technique for teaching airway control skills. Incorporating small, less expensive, and yet more reliable video cameras into laryngoscopes has given the process of laryngoscopy and intubation, a big leap. The AirTraq has shown promise in several settings, while the iSCOPE 3 video laryngoscope is a newly launched device, and no literature is available to our understanding. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of the iSCOPE 3 video laryngoscope with the AirTraq optical laryngoscope. Methods: It was a randomized controlled study conducted among sixty patients after approval from the Board of Study and ethical clearance, divided into two groups. In Group AT, patients were intubated with AirTraq, and in Group IS, patients were intubated with iSCOPE 3 as per the protocol. The primary outcome metric was the duration of tracheal intubation. Secondary outcomes were measured by the quantity of tries and intubation ease, glottic view or percentage of the glottic opening score (POGO), and Cormack & Lehane grade. Results: In the iSCOPE 3 and AirTraq groups, comparable mean intubation times were observed. (19.50 s vs. 19.16 s). The ease of intubation was significantly better with iSCOPE 3 (p< 0.05), single attempt was needed to intubate 96.7% of patients in the iSCOPE 3 group compared to 70% of patients in the AirTraq group (p< 0.05). POGO score and Cormack & Lehane grade were also significantly better with iSCOPE 3 (p <0.05). Conclusion: Pogo and CL grade were better with iSCOPE 3 than AirTraq, and hence the success rate of intubation, number of attempts, and ease of intubation were significantly better with iSCOPE 3.
Perioperative Anesthetic Management in Repair Diaphragmatic Hernia with Atrial Septal Defect and Pulmonary Hypertension M Irvan Noorrahman; Pratama Ananda; Novita Anggraeni
Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation (IJAR)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine-Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijar.V6I22024.106-115

Abstract

Introduction: Patients who had suffered disease of atrial septal defect (ASD) coming by pulmonary hypertension (PH) often present a clinical dilemma. Both of these disorders are congenital anomalies that often appear in pediatrics. Anaesthetic management in diaphragmatic hernia repair with this comorbidity requires precision and accuracy to avoid morbidity and mortality during surgery. The right management and care of anesthetic procedures is needed for patients who will be operated on with these two disorders. Objective: To describe the anesthetic management of a diaphragmatic hernia repair patient with comorbid ASD and pulmonary hypertension. Case report: The patient, a 1.5-month-old female baby born, has presented with shortness of breath complaints since the birth. Those were born spontaneously at the midwife's office and did not cry immediately, and a history of blueing and decreased consciousness was admitted for 20 days. Based on the examination, the diagnosis of diaphragmatic hernia from echocardiography found ASD and PH with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 64%. The patient was planned for diaphragmatic hernia repair under general anesthesia. Induction of anesthesia was performed with 5 mcg of fentanyl and inhalation anesthetic 3.5 vol% sevoflurane. After the endotracheal tube (ETT) was attached, the patient was desaturated to 50%, then the hyperventilated oxygenation was performed and positioned with knee chest position, and then milrinone at a dose of 1 mcg/min was given, saturation rose to 100%. During intraoperative ventilation control with manual bagging and maintenance anesthesia with inhalation ansethetic sevoflurane of 3.2 vol%. After surgery, the patient was admitted and observed in the pediatric intensive care unit for 2 days before extubation. Conclusion: Appropriate perioperative management in ASD patients with PH can reduce perioperative morbidity and mortality.
Comparison of Auscultation Method Versus Lung Ultrasound Technique to Evaluate the Accuracy of Positioning of Left Double Lumen Tube in Patients Undergoing Cardiothoracic Surgery Swati Agarwal; Indu Verma; Jai Sharma; Nivedita Dagar
Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation (IJAR)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine-Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijar.V6I22024.89-98

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiothoracic surgery is a complex and highly specialized medical field requiring precise surgical techniques and meticulous patient management. One critical aspect of this type of surgery is the accurate placement of the endobronchial double-lumen tube (DLT), which facilitates lung isolation and one-lung ventilation (OLV) during the procedure. Proper positioning of the DLT is essential to ensure adequate oxygenation, prevent complications, and optimize surgical access. Objective: This study aimed to compare the accuracy of positioning of the left DLT by the auscultation method versus the lung ultrasound technique in patients undergoing cardiothoracic surgery in both supine and lateral positions. Methods: A prospective, observational, and cross-sectional study was conducted in a single group of 62 patients based on the eligibility criteria. After general anesthesia, a DLT was inserted and rotated until resistance. Placement was confirmed by auscultation, ultrasound, and fibreoptic bronchoscopy. The evaluation process was done initially in a supine position, followed by a lateral position. Results: After insertion of the left DLT, initially evaluated in the supine position, sensitivity and specificity for auscultation were found to be 65.2% and 37.5%, respectively, sensitivity and specificity for ultrasonography were 82.6% and 75%, respectively. The accuracy of lung ultrasound at 80.7% (69.2%-88.6%) was higher than the accuracy of auscultation at 58.1% (45.7%-69.5%). This was followed by evaluation in lateral position, where sensitivity and specificity for auscultation were found to be 76.1% and 25% respectively, sensitivity and specificity for ultrasonography were 95.7% and 62.5%, respectively. The accuracy of lung ultrasound at 87.1% (76.6%-93.3%) was higher than the accuracy of auscultation at 62.9% (50.5%- 73.8%). Conclusion: Lung ultrasound is a superior method for assessing lung isolation and determining Double Lumen Tube position as compared to auscultation.
Recent Advances In Interventional Pain Management Ratri Dwi Indriani; Dedi Susila; Muzaiwirin; Muhammad Ainur Rosyid Ridho; Abdurrahman
Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Anesthesiology and Reanimation (IJAR)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine-Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijar.V6I22024.125-136

Abstract

Introduction: Due to limited access to therapy, 60 million individuals worldwide suffer from chronic pain, with a frequency of 20–25% in some nations. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are disproportionately affected by this condition. The yearly cost of diabetes, cancer, and heart disease—including medical expenses, lost productivity, and disability programs—is less than that of pain complaints. Pain management techniques, the most recent discoveries in pain research, and the most recent advancements in pain therapy technology can work together to reduce the prevalence of chronic pain and lessen the financial burden that comes with pain syndrome. Objective: To determine the extent to which the latest technological developments in interventional pain management to personalized treatment techniques according to patient complaints and conditions. The scope of technological development here is not only pain intervention techniques but also advances in understanding the pathophysiology of pain, nerve and tissue regeneration, as well as the modalities of technology used for pain interventions. Review: By conducting literature searches including journals, systematic reviews, library surveys, and case reports from the last 10 years on the latest interventional pain management techniques and serial cases. Summary: Many new minimally invasive pain intervention techniques have been developed and used in the treatment of chronic pain within the past 10 years. The necessity for standardization of processes, safety, efficacy, cost, and accessibility to new technology and techniques are among the issues and debates surrounding technical advancements and strategies for managing chronic pain. Intervention pain management techniques have grown in importance as a less intrusive method of treating chronic pain. For optimal outcomes, used in conjunction with other pain management modalities such as medication, physical therapy, cognitive behavioral change therapy, and others.

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