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Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (Littri)
Published by Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan
ISSN : 08538212     EISSN : 25286870     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri (JLITTRI) aims to publish primary research articles of current research topics, not simultaneously submitted to nor previously published in other scientific or technical ojournals. General review articles will not be accepted. The journal maintains strict standards of content, presentation,and reviewing. SCOPE The journal will consider primary research papers from any source if they make an original contribution to the experimental or theoretical understanding and application of theories and methodologies of some aspects of agricultural science in Indonesia including: Estate crops; Soil science; Climate science; Agronomy; Plant breeding; Biotechnology; Genetic resources; Plant pathology; Plant physiology; Entomology; Farming system; Postharvest technology; Socio-economic agriculture; Environment; Agricultural extension. The journal publishes Indonesian or English articles. Since the year of 2017, the jurnal is published twice a year in (June and December).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 504 Documents
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PENGARUH CEKAMAN AIR TERHADAP MUTU SIMPLISIA PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica L) MONO RAHARDJO; ROSITA SMD; RATNA FATHAN; SUD1ARTO SUD1ARTO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 5, No 3 (1999): Desember, 1999
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v5n3.1999.92-97

Abstract

Effect of water stress on the quality of Centella asiatica L. simplisiaResearch on the effect of water stress on Centella asiatica L. was done at the Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Cops, Bogor. fom January 1997 to March 1998. The objective of the research was to increase the quality of C asiatica L simplisia. Six treatments of water stress were applied based on the percentages of field capacity : (1) 100%, (2) 90%, (3) 80%. (4) 70%. (5) 60%, and (6) 50%. A randomized block design with five replications was used, and each replication in one treatment contained four polybags. Each polybag contained 9.25 kg of soil mixed with 750 g of dung, and 3 g of urea, TSP, and KCI respectively. Three plants o/C. asiatica L. fom Banjaran Bandung wee planted in each polybag. The teatment of water stress was applied one month after planting, then the plants were harvested al two months old. Observation of biomass production included : leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry weight of leaves, petiole, and stem. Observation on the quality of simplisia included the contents of the contents of asiaticoside acid, asiatic acid, and madecasic acid. The result indicated that water stress showed negative correlation with biomass accumulation. Inceasing 1% of water stress decreased 191 mg of biomass accumulation. Application of water stess could inceased the quality of C*. asiatica L. simplisia. The optimum of asiaticoside acid at the treatment of 53.9% of field capacity was 3.56%, asiatic acid at the treatment of 65.1% of field capacity was 1.42%. and madecasic acid at the treatment of 68.5% of field capacity was 1.76%.
INOVASI TEKNOLOGI DAN INOVASI KELEMBAGAAN MENDUKUNG KEBERLANJUTAN USAHATANI LADA DI KALIMANTAN TIMUR / Technology and Institution Innovation Supporting the Sustainability of Pepper Farming System in East Kalimantan Agus Wahyudi; Suci Wulandari
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 25, No 2 (2019): Desember, 2019
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v25n2.2019.108-124

Abstract

Pepper farming in East Kalimantan has faced many obstacles. It is shown by the decline in pepper production in the last five years and the pepper conversion. This condition will affect the sustainability of pepper farming in East Kalimantan, as one of the national white pepper centers. Consequently, it is important to analyze and to establish a technology and institutional innovations. The study aimed to: (1) measure and analyze the sustainability of pepper farming, (2) identify technology innovation, (3) map the opportunities for adoption, and (4) develop institutional innovation and support system. The sustainability analysis of farming was done using weighting and rating methods. Data were collected in Kutai Kertanegara Regency, East Kalimantan in 2016. Results showed that the sustainability level of pepper farming is 3.0062, in the good category, but with a very low value. The environmental aspects provided the greatest value of the contribution to sustainability, followed by economic aspects and social aspects. Technology innovation was needed to overcome the problems. Nevertheless, technology adoption was relatively low. This was influenced by several factors, such as economic factors namely costs and income, social factors namely institutions and facilities support, and technological factors namely suitability and ease of implementation. Therefore, technology innovation needs to be supported by institutional innovation. The types of institutional innovations consist of: (1) establishment of working groups, (2) development of Seed Self-Reliance Region, (3) regulations related to quality standards and monitoring mechanisms, and (4) joint sales, as well as supporting facility to accelerate innovation adoption.Keyword: sustainability index, technology adoption, economic, support facilities. AbstrakUsahatani lada di Kalimantan Timur masih dihadapkan pada berbagai permasalahan, yang ditunjukkan oleh penurunan kemampuan produksi setelah lima tahun dan adanya konversi usahatani dari lada menjadi komoditas lain. Hal ini akan mempengaruhi keberlanjutan usahatani lada di Kalimantan Timur sebagai salah satu sentra lada putih nasional. Oleh karena itu penting untuk dianalisis dan disusun inovasi teknologi dan kelembagaan untuk mengatasinya. Kajian bertujuan untuk (1) mengukur dan menganalisis keberlanjutan usahatani lada, (2) identifikasi inovasi teknologi, (3) pemetaan peluang adopsi, serta (4) menyusun inovasi kelembagaan dan dukungan bagi peningkatan adopsi inovasi. Analisis keberlanjutan usahatani dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode weighting dan rating. Pengambilan data dilakukan di Kabupaten Kutai Kertanegara Kalimantan Timur pada tahun 2016. Berdasarkan analisis yang dilakukan, diketahui bahwa tingkat keberlanjutan usahatani lada memiliki nilai 3,0062 masuk kategori baik, namun dengan nilai sangat rendah pada kelas tersebut. Aspek lingkungan memberikan nilai kontribusi terbesar terhadap keberlanjutan, diikuti dengan aspek ekonomi dan aspek sosial. Inovasi teknologi diperlukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan sehingga terbangun keberlanjutan usahatani lada. Secara umum, peluang adopsi teknologi masih relatif rendah.  Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu faktor ekonomi yaitu dari sisi biaya dan pendapatan, faktor sosial yaitu kelembagaan dan dukungan fasilitas, serta faktor teknologi yaitu kesesuaian dan kemudahan dalam menerapkan teknologi. Oleh karena itu inovasi teknologi perlu didukung dengan inovasi kelembagaan. Jenis inovasi kelembagaan bagi peningkatan keberlanjutan usahatani lada yaitu: (1) pembentukan kelompok kerja, (2) pengembangan desa mandiri benih, (3) regulasi terkait standar mutu dan mekanisme pengawasan, serta (4) penjualan bersama, Selain itu juga perlu dukungan fasilitas untuk mempercepat adopsi inovasi.Kata kunci: indeks keberlanjutan, adopsi teknologi, ekonomi, fasilitas pendukung.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN GA 3 PADA BERBAGAI KONSENTRASI DAN LAMA IMBIBISI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN VIABILITAS BENIH PURWOCENG (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) DEVI RUSMIN; FAIZA C. SUWARNO; IRENG DARWATI
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 17, No 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v17n3.2011.89-94

Abstract

ABSTRAKPurwoceng (Pimpinella pruatjan Molk.) merupakan tanaman herbatahunan dari famili Apiaceae, yang hidup secara endemik pada habitatdengan ketinggian 1.800 - 3.000 m dari muka laut, dan pada saat initergolong tanaman langka. Salah satu permasalahan dalam pengembangantanaman ini adalah viabilitas benih saat masak fisiologis rendah (<25%).Berdasarkan hal tersebut telah dilakukan percobaan yang bertujuan untukmengetahui tingkat konsentrasi GA 3 dan lama imbibisi yang tepat untukmeningkatkan viabilitas potensial dan vigor benih purwoceng. Percobaandilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ekofisiologi, Balai Penelitian TanamanObat dan Aromatik, Bogor mulai bulan November sampai denganDesember 2009. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancanganacak lengkap (RAL), dengan 2 faktor dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertamaadalah enam taraf pemberian GA 3 , yaitu: 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, dan 500ppm. Faktor kedua yang diuji dua taraf lama imbibisi benih yaitu: 24 dan48 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pemberian GA 3 400 ppmdengan lama imbibisi 48 jam dapat meningkatkan daya berkecambah,potensi tumbuh maksimum, indeks vigor, dan kecepatan perkecambahanbenih purwoceng menjadi 1,5 - 2 kali dibandingkan tanpa pemberian GA 3.Kata kunci: Pimpinella pruatjan, benih, GA 3 , imbibisi, konsentrasiABSTRACTEffect of GA 3 Concentration and Imbibition Period onSeed Viability of PruatjanPimpinella pruatjan Molk. is an annual herbaceous plant andbelongs to the family of the Apiaceae. It lives in endemic with an altitudeof 1,800-3,000 m above sea level and has been currently classified as rareplant. One of the problems in the development of this crop is low in seedviability (<25%) when it is physiologically mature. Based on the problem,an experiment was conducted aiming to find out the level of GA 3concentration and imbibition period to increase seed viability and vigourof P. pruatjan. The experiment was conducted at Gunung PutriExperimental Station and Plant Physiology Laboratory of the IndonesianMedicinal and Aromatic Crops Research Institute (IMACRI), fromNovember to December 2009. The experiment was arranged usingcompletely randomized design (CRD), with 2 factors and three replicates.The first factor was level of GA 3 concentration : 0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and500 ppm. The second factor was seed imbibition period : 24 and 48 hours.Results of the experiment showed that: GA 3 400 ppm with imbibitionperiod of 48 hours improved seed germination, maximum growthpotential, vigor index, and rate of germination of purwoceng seed to 1.5- 2 times compared to without GA 3 treatment.Key words: Pimpinella pruatjan, seed , GA 3 , imbibition, concentration
BIOSINTESIS MENTHOL PADA BERBAGAI PERIODE PENCAHAYAAN TANAMAN MENTHA (Mentha piperita L.) ROSIHAN ROSMAN
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 13, No 1 (2007): MARET 2007
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v13n1.2007.8-13

Abstract

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji mekanisme sintesis mentholpada berbagai periode pencahayaan tanaman M. piperita L. Penelitiandilakukan di Instalasi Penelitian Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat danAromatik, Lembang, Jawa Barat, dari bulan Januari 2000 hingga Juli 2000.Penelitian dilakukan tiga tahap. Tahap pertama membuat variasilingkungan cahaya, tahap kedua penyulingan dan analisis komponenminyak dengan kromatografi gas spektrometer massa dan tahap ketigamerunut lintasan biosintesis menthol. Penelitian menggunakan rancanganacak kelompok 5 perlakuan, yaitu L 0 (panjang hari normal sebagaikontrol), L 1 (pemutusan periode gelap 1 jam, pukul 21.00-22.00 mulaiumur 30 hari), L 2  (pemutusan periode gelap 1 jam, pukul 21.00-22.00mulai umur 60 hari), L 3 (penambahan cahaya 4 jam, pukul 18.00-22.00mulai umur 30 hari), dan L 4 (penambahan cahaya 4 jam, pukul 18.00-22.00 mulai umur 60 hari). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwaperubahan lingkungan mempengaruhi mekanisme sintesis menthol didalam tanaman Mentha piperita L. Perubahan lingkungan mengubahlintasan menthol yang selanjutnya mengubah komponen minyak dan mutumenthol. Tingginya kadar menthol dan rendahnya menthofuran padapenambahan cahaya 4 jam terjadi melalui penghambatan pembentukansenyawa menthofuran dengan mereduksi pulegon menjadi menthol,sehingga menthol meningkat, sedangkan pada perlakuan kontrol terjadioksidasi pulegon ke menthofuran sehingga menthol rendah. Penambahancahaya 4 jam mulai umur 30 hari setelah tanam menghasilkan minyakdengan kadar menthol paling tinggi yaitu 54,89% dan menthofuran palingrendah yaitu 7,83%.Kata kunci :  Mentha, Mentha piperita L., periode pencahayaan, hasil,komposisi minyak, Jawa BaratABSTRACTThe effect of photoperiod on menthol sysnthesis ofMentha piperita L.Research on the effect of photoperiod on menthol synthesis ofMentha piperita L, was carried out at the Experimental Garden of InstituteReseach for Medicinal and Aromatic Crops, Lembang, West Java, fromJanuary until July, 2000. The objective is to study the machanism ofmenthol synthesis in relation with the manipulation of light periode, threesteps were taken: The first step was manipulation of environment using TLlamps (two experiments), the second step was distillation and analisis ofpeppermint oil from their products with gas chromatography and massspectrometry, and the third step was tracing the pathway on mentholbiosynthesis. At the first experiment, 5 treatments were given i.e. (1)control or normal light period, (2) four hours light supplement at the age of30 days and 60 days after planting, and (3) one hour interruption of darkperiod at the age of 30 days and 60 days. The result showed that the effectof light period manipulation can change the pathway of mentholbiosynthesis and oil component and finally the quality of menthol. Fourhours light supplement at the age of 30 days after planting could enhancethe menthol content and reduce menthofuran by blocking the reaction frompulegone to menthofuran, so the pulegone was reduced into menthon andmenthol. Four hours light supplement at 30 days after planting showed thehighest menthol content (54.89%) and the lowest menthofuran (7.83%).Control treatment (normal light period) showed the lowest mentholcontent, due to no reduction of pulegone into menthon, but pulegone wasoxidized into menthofuran. Without additional light the menthol contentdecreased and the menthofuran content increased.Key words : Mentha, Mentha piperita L., oil composition, photoperiod,yield, West Java
KARAKTERISASI Erwinia chrysanthemi PENYEBAB PENYAKIT BUSUK BAKTERI PADA DAUN LIDAH BUAYA (Aloe vera) . SUPRIADI; NILDAR IBRAHIM; . TARYONO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 8, No 2 (2002): Juni, 2002
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v8n2.2002.45-48

Abstract

Penyakit busuk (soft rot) pada daun tanaman lidah buaya (Aloe vera) disebabkan oleh F.rwima chrysanthemi pertama kali dilaporkan di Kcpulauan Kaibia tahun 1992. Pada awal tahun 2001, gejala pcnyakil busuk daun juga ditemukan pada tanaman lidah buaya di Semplak, Jawa Barat. Mengingat kerusakan yang ditimbulkan berupa pembusukan pada daun dan pangkal batang yang parah dalam waktu singkat, maka diduga penyebabnya cukup ganas dan dikhawatirkan dapat menjadi kendala pengembangan tanaman lidah buaya yang akhir-akhir ini sedang banyak diminati. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidcntifikasi penyebab penyakit tersebut. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Bakteri Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, dari bulan April - Agustus 2001. Contoh daun lidah buaya sakit berasal dari kebun petani di Semplak, Bogor. Setelah melalui pengamatan gejala penyakit diikuti dengan prosedur isolasi dan pemumian patogen. maka diperoleh isolat kultur baktei yang bentuknya bulat dan pinggirnya tidak rata serta berwarna putih pada medium sukrosa pepton agar. Kultur baktei tersebut bersifat patogenik dan menimbulkan gejala penyakit sama seperti di lapangan, setelah diinokulasikan melalui pelukaan pada daun lidah buaya. Hasil karaktcrisasi morfologi, kultur dan biokimia isolat baktei tersebut menunjukkan sifat ncgatif untuk pewamaan Gram, pigmen fluorescn, oksidasc, dan produksi asam dari unsur karbon laktosa dan dulsitol. Sedangkan karaktcr positif diperoleh dai pengujian oksidasi/fermentasi, lesitinase, pembusukan jaringan umbi kentang, sensitivitas terhadap eitromisin, pertumbuhan pada suhu 37° C, NaCI 5%, serta menghasilkan asam pada medium mengandung manitol Inokulasi pada umbi ubi jalar menyebabkan pembusukan dalam waktu yang singkat. Berdasarkan data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penyebab penyakit busuk daun pada tanaman lidah buaya di Semplak adalah Erwinia chrysanthemi.Kata kunci: Aloe vera, busuk daun, Erwinia chrysanthemi, Bogor ABSTRACT Characteristics o/Envinia chysanthemi causing bacterial soft rot ofAloe (Aloe VeraJThe bacterial sot rot of aloe, caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi, was first identified in Caibbean Island in 1992. In early 2001, similar symptoms were found on the aloe plants grown in Semplak, Bogor, West Java. Based on its symptom and progressively spread, especially on the leaf and basal stem, it appeared that the disease was serious and therefore threatened the current development of die plants. This study was conducted in the laboratory of the Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops, Bogor, in April - August 2001. The objective of the study was identifying the cause of the sot rot disease of aloe in Semplak, Bogor. Diseased leaves of aloe were obtained from Semplak. Following the examination of the symptoms, isolation and purification of he causal agent, the bacteial isolates were found. They were round, white colony characteistics on sucrose peptone agar medium. The isolate was pathogenic and caused similar disease symptoms following the artificial inoculation on the wounded aloe leaf. Based on the morphological, cultural, and biochemical analyses of the isolates, it was found that the isolates gave negative reactions for die following characteistics: Gram staining, production of fluorescent pigment, oxidase, and production of acid reaction from lactose and dulcitol. The isolates, on the other hand, gave positive reaction from: oxidation/fermentation, IcciOiinase. and maceration of potato and sweet potato, sensitive to crythromycin, growth at 37 °C, and growth on agar medium containing NaCI 2%, as well as acid production from manmtol. Based on these data, it can be concluded that the pathogen causes sot rot of leaf of aloe in Semplak is Erwinia chrysanthemi. This is the irst repot on (he finding of die disease in Indonesia. More attention is required to stop the spread of the disease.Key words: Aloe vera, sot rot. Erwinia chrysanthemi, Bogor
PENGARUH PUPUK MAJEMUK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI DAN MUTU TEMBAKAU CERUTU BESUKI NO / Effect of Compound Fertilizer on Growth, Yield and Quality of Besuki NO Cigar Tobacco Djajadi Djajadi; Sulis Nur Hidayati
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 23, No 1 (2017): Juni, 2017
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v23n1.2017.26-35

Abstract

Farmers of Besuki NO cigar tobacco use single fertilizer of ZA or Urea (as a source of N-ammonium), and SP36 (as source of P) in excessive rates which may increase cost of fertilizing and reduce tobacco quality. The experiment which was carried out at Ampel village, District of Wuluhan, Jember in 2015 had an objective to quantify the effect of NPK compound fertilizer on growth, yield, and quality of Besuki NO cigar tobacco. Treatments were packages of fertilizing which include source of compound fertilizer (NPK, KNO3, and KS) and frequency of fertilizer addition (3 and 4 times). The research used Randomized Block Design with 9 treatments of fertilizer package and they were repeated three times. As much 8 treatments of fertilizer packages were compared with farmer’s fertilizer package (650 kg Urea + 25 kg SP36 +100 kg ZA +200 kg KS with 4 times application). Results showed that the highest fresh yield of cigar tobacco (19,6 tons/ha) was produced by farmer’s package. However, the high dried leaves (2,5 ton/ha) and crop index (69,75) were yielded by tobacco with 250 kg NPK + 100 kg Urea + 200 kg ZA + 150 kg KS + 100 kg KNO3 per hectare which were applied 3 times.Keywords: NPK fertilizer, cigar tobacco, yield, grade index, crop indexAbstrakPada umumnya petani tembakau cerutu Besuki NO memberikan pupuk dengan dosis dan waktu pemberian berlebihan dengan jenis pupuk N-amonium, sehingga menyebabkan bertambahnya biaya pupuk dan penurunan mutu tembakau. Penelitian yang dilakukan di Desa Ampel Kecamatan Wuluhan, Jember pada musim tanam 2015 ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh paket pupuk majemuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, dan mutu tembakau cerutu Besuki NO. Penelitian didesain menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 9 perlakuan paket pemupukan yang diulang tiga kali. Perlakuan paket pemupukan meliputi sumber pupuk majemuk NPK, KNO3, dan KS, dikombinasikan dengan frekuensi pemupukan sebanyak 3 dan 4 kali, sehingga diperoleh 8 paket pemupukan, yang dibandingkan dengan paket pemupukan petani (650 kg Urea + 25 kg SP36 +100 kg ZA +200 kg KS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan paket dosis petani (650 kg Urea + 25 kg SP36 +100 kg ZA +200 kg KS per hektar diberikan 4 kali menghasilkan produksi basah tertinggi (19,6 ton/ha). Namun demikian hasil tertinggi produksi kering (2,5 ton/ha) dan indeks tanaman (69,75) diperlihatkan oleh tembakau yang dipupuk dengan 250 kg NPK + 100 kg Urea + 200 kg ZA + 150 kg KS + 100 kg KNO3 per hektar dengan frekuensi pemberian 3 kali, yaitu saat tembakau berumur 3, 15, dan 30 hari setelah tanam.Kata kunci: pupuk majemuk, tembakau cerutu, produksi, indeks mutu, indeks tanaman
PATOGENISITAS DUA ISOLAT LOKAL JAMUR Nomuraea rileyi (FARLOW) SAMSON TERHADAP Helicoverpa armigera HUBNER (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) IGAA. INDRAYANI; HERI PRABOWO; SRI MULYANINGSIH
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 19, No 1 (2013): Maret 2013
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v19n1.2013.1-7

Abstract

ABSTRAKEpizootik Nomuraea rileyi telah berkembang secara alami dalampopulasi lebih dari 30 spesies serangga inang, termasuk H. armigera.Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Patologi Serangga BalaiPenelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat Malang mulai Januari hinggaDesember 2011, tujuannya untuk mengetahui patogenisitas dua isolat lokaljamur entomopatogen N. rileyi terhadap larva H. armigera. Penelitianterdiri atas dua faktor perlakuan, faktor 1 adalah dua isolat lokal N. rileyi,yaitu ML 01 dan LG 02, dan faktor 2 adalah konsentrasi konidia, yaitu: 2,2x 10 5 ; 4,5 x 10 5 ; 2,2 x 10 6 ; 4,5 x 10 6 ; 2,2 x 10 7 ; 4,5 x 10 7 ; 2,2 x 10 8 ; 4,5 x10 8 konidia/ml, dan kontrol. Setiap perlakuan disusun dalam RancanganAcak Kelompok Faktorial dengan tiga kali ulangan. Aplikasi jamur padalarva H. armigera dilakukan dengan metode kontaminasi permukaanmedia yang berupa daun kapas muda (1cm 2 ) di dalam ruangan bersuhu25±1⁰C dan kelembapan 75-80%. Parameter yang diamati adalahmortalitas larva, LC 50 dan LT 50 , serta bobot larva. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa tingkat patogenisitas isolat ML 01 terhadap larva H.armigera lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan isolat LG 02. Isolat ML 01menyebabkan mortalitas larva H. armigera antara 51,13-85,56% (LC 50  =2,5 x 10 2  Konidia/ml) dan isolat LG 02 antara 43,36-78,90%, (LC 50  =5x10 6  Konidia/ml). LT 50 isolat ML 01 antara 5,2-5,5 hari, sedangkan isolatLG 02 antara 6,8-7,0 hari, terutama pada konsentrasi 2,2-4,5 x 10 8konidia/ml. Terdapat korelasi positif yang erat antara konsentrasi konidiadan mortalitas larva baik pada isolat ML 01 (r=0,975) maupun LG 02(r=0,980), demikian pula antara konsentrasi konidia dan kehilangan bobotlarva pada isolat ML 01 (r=0,982) dan LG 02 (r=0,972).Kata kunci: Helicoverpa armigera, Nomuraea rileyi, patogenisitas, isolat,mortalitasABSTRACTThe epizootic of the fungi Nomuraea rileyi has naturally developedin more than 30 species of insect host population, including cottonbollworm, H. armigera. A study on pathogenicity of two local isolates ofNomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson fungi against Helicoverpa armigera(Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was conducted at Insect PathologyLaboratory of Indonesian Sweeteners and Fibers Crops Research Institute(ISFCRI) in Malang from January to December 2011 in order to find outthe pathogenicity of the isolates against H. armigera larvae. This studyconsists of two factors as treatment. The first factor was N. rileyi isolates,e.g. ML 01 and LG 02, and the second factor were eight conidiaconcentrations, viz. 2.2 x 10 5 ; 4.5 x 10 5 ; 2.2 x 10 6 ; 4.5 x 10 6 ; 2.2 x 10 7 ; 4.5x 10 7 ; 2.2 x 10 8 ; 4.5 x 10 8 conidia/ml, and one untreated control.Treatments were arranged in Factorial Randomized Block Design withthree replications. Suspense of conidia was applied by surfacecontamination method of cotton leaf as medium at 25±1⁰C of temperatureand 75-80% of humidity. Parameter observed were larval mortality, LC 50 ,LT 50 , and larval weight. Result showed that ML 01 isolate was morepathogenic against H. armigera larvae than LG 02 isolate based on larvalmortality, LC 50 , and LT 50 . Percentage of mortality of H. armigera larvaedue to ML 01 and LG 02 infection were 51.1- 85.56% and 43.36-78.90%,respectively. The LC 50 of ML 01 and LG 02 isolates was 5.2-5.5 days and6.8-7.0 days, respectively.There are closest positive correlation betweenconidia concentration and percentage of mortality on ML 01 (r = 0.975)and LG 02 (r = 0.980) isolates as well as between conidia concentrationand larval weight loss on ML 01 (r = 0.982) and LG 02 (r = 0.972)isolates.Key words: Helicoverpa armigera, Nomuraea rileyi, pathogenicity,isolate, mortality
PEMANFAATAN BAKTERI ENDOFIT DAN FOSFAT UNTUK PERTUMBUHAN DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN SAMBILOTO / Utilizing Endophytic Bacteria and Phosphate for Growth and Yieald of Andrographis paniculata Gusmaini Gusmaini; Didy Sopandie; Sandra Arifin Aziz; Abdul Munif; Nurliani Bermawie
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 22, No 3 (2016): September, 2016
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/littri.v22n3.2016.153-159

Abstract

Andrographis paniculta produce andrographolide, which have functions as raw material for medicine. One can stimulate andrographolide yield by utilizing endophytic bacteria and phosphate. This research objectives were to obtain effect of endophytic bacteria and phosphate on growth, yield and andrographolide content, N, P, and K uptake of A. paniculta. The research was conducted at the experimental garden of ISMCRI, at Cimanggu, Bogor from June 2012-February 2013. The trial was arranged in Random Block Design, factorial, 9 treatments and 3 replications. The first factor were endophytic bacteria; 1) without endophytic bacteria, 2) 20CD, and 3) 20BB. The second factor were the levels of P; 1) without P, 2) 27 kg/ha P, and 3) 54 kg/ha P. The results showed that Endophytic bacteria application and P fertilizer significantly increased plant growth, dry matter yield, andrographolide content and yield, and N, P, K uptake, but there were no interaction between endophytic bacteria and P treatments. Giving of endophytic bacteria improved content and yield of andrographolide ranging 16,9-29,9% and 37,6-45,7% respectively. A dossage of 27 kg/ha P was recommended to produce dry matter and andrographolide yield, and andrographolide content obtained 2.56%. The best andrographolide yield should be harvested at the beginning of generative phase.Keywords: Andrographis paniculata, andrographolide content, endophytic bacteria, phosphate, yield. AbstrakTanaman sambiloto merupakan tanaman penghasil andrografolid, yang berfungsi sebagai bahan baku obat. Salah satu yang dapat memacu produksi andrographolid tersebut dengan memanfaatkan bakteri endofit dan fosfat. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh bakteri endofit dan fosfat terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi dan kadar andrografolid serta serapan hara N, P, dan K pada tanaman sambiloto. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Cimanggu Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat (Balittro), Bogor dari bulan Juni 2012-Februari 2013. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok, faktorial, 9 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Faktor pertama yaitu bakteri endofit; 1) tanpa bakteri, 2) 20CD, dan 3) 20BB. Faktor kedua adalah dosis pupuk P; 1) tanpa pupuk, 2) 27 kg/ha P, dan 3) 54 kg/ha P. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bakteri endofit dan P nyata meningkatkan pertumbuhan, produksi biomas, kadar dan produksi andrografolid, serta serapan hara N, P, dan K pada umur tanaman 14 MST, namun tidak terdapat interaksi antara kedua faktor tersebut. Pemberian bakteri endofit dapat meningkatkan kadar dan produksi andrografolid, masing-masing berkisar 16,9-29,9% dan 37,6- 45,7%. Dosis 27 kg/ha P direkomendasikan untuk menghasilkan produksi bahan kering dan produksi andrografolid, dengan kadar andrografolid yang diperoleh 2,56%. Produksi andrografolid terbaik, tanaman dipanen pada fase awal generatif.Kata kunci: Andrographis paniculata, andrografolid, bakteri endofit, pertumbuhan, fosfat, produksi.
PEMILIHAN BATANG BAWAH JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas Linn.) TOLERAN TERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN MOHAMMAD CHOLID; HARIYADI HARIYADI; SLAMET SUSANTO; DJUMALI DJUMALI; BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 20, No 1 (2014): Maret 2014
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v20n1.2014.45-56

Abstract

ABSTRAK
KETAHANAN BEBERAPA AKSESI KENAF TERHADAP NEMATODA PURU AKAR (Meloidogyne spp) UNTUNG SETYO BUDI; RR. SRI HARTATI; CECE SUHARA
Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri Vol 11, No 4 (2005): DESEMBER 2005
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jlittri.v11n4.2005.129-133

Abstract

ABSTRAKNematoda puru akar (Meloidogyne spp.) merupakan penyakit yangtergolong penting dan banyak menyerang pertanaman kenaf di lahanpengembangan  maupun  perbenihan  sehingga  banyak  menimbulkankerugian bagi petani karena terjadi penurunan produktivitas. Salah satucara untuk memecahkan masalah tersebut yaitu dengan menggunakanvarietas tahan. Evaluasi plasma nutfah merupakan tahap awal untukmengetahui potensi yang ada pada tiap-tiap aksesi yang nantinya bisadipergunakan sebagai sumber gen ketahanan. Kegiatan untuk mengetahuitingkat ketahanan 23 aksesi kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus) dan 3 aksesikerabat liarnya (Hibiscus asetosela dan Hibiscus radiatus) terhadapserangan nematoda puru akar (NPA) dilakukan di rumah kaca danlaboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat, Malang padabulan Agustus - Desember 2003. Penelitian mengacu pada Metode Taylordan Sasser yang dimodifikasi, sedangkan penilaian tingkat ketahanan  jmenggunakan metode Canto-Saenz. Benih kenaf ditanam dalam pollybagberisi media tanah-pasir-pupuk kandang seberat 10 kg dengan perban-dingan 5:3:2, diulang 10 kali. Pada umur 15 hari setelah tanam, tanamandiinokulasi dengan massa larva Meloidogyine spp stadium dua sebanyak 40 larvaper 100 ml tanah (atau 4000 larva per polybag). Pengamatan dilakukan pada30  hari  setelah  inokulasi  atau  45  hari  setelah  tanam,  yaituterhadapjumlah puru akar, populasi larva NPA dalamtanah dan akar, sertatinggi dan diameter batang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semuaaksesi kenaf (H. cannabinus) tidak tahan terhadap serangan NPA, namun tigaaksesi  dari  kerabat  liamya,  yaitu  SSRH/1010  H  (H.  asetosela),SSRH/1023 H (H. asetosela) dan Kal II (H. radiatus) memiliki sifat tahanterhadap NPA Ketiga aksesi tersebut diharapkan bisa dipergunakan sebagaitetua tahan nematoda puru akar pada persilangan interspesifik dengan kenafkomersial.Kata kunci : Kenaf, Hibiscus cannabinus, plasma nutfah, penyakit ketahanan, nematoda puru akarABSTRACTResistance of kenaf accessions to root knot nematodes Root knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp) is the main pest of kenafboth the field and nursery. This reduced kenaf farmer's income because itdecreased the productivity. One of the solutions to eliminate this problemis utilization of resistant variety. Evaluation of germplasm is one of themethods to identify tolerant accessions to root knot nematode. Theexperiment aimed to screen the level of resistance of kenaf and allied fibreaccessions to root knot nematodes (RKN). The activity was conducted at thelaboratory and the green house of Indonesian Research Institute for Tobacco andFibre  Crops,  Malang  from  August  to  December  2003.  Theexperiment used modified Taylor and Sasser method, while to determinelevel of plant resistance used Canto-Saenz method. Kenaf seeds were plantedin  polybags  consisting  of  media  soil-sand-cattle  manure  10  kgpolybag with both in the replicated ten times. Number of RKN larvaetested were 40 larvae/l00 ml soil or 4000 larvae/polybag, which wereinoculated 15 days after planting. Observation was done 30 days afterinoculation or 45 days after planting on the numbers of galls on root,population of RKN in the soil and root, plant height and stem diameter.Research result showed that three accessions from allied fibre of kenaf,namely SSRH/1010 H (H. asetosela), SSRH/1023 H (H. asetosela) and Kal II(H. radiatus) were resistant to RKN, while, all of 23 accessions of kenaf (H.cannabinus) were susceptible to highly susceptible to RKN. There threeaccessions can be used as resostant parent on inter specific hybridization.

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