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SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Published by Universitas Sumatera Utara
ISSN : 20888686     EISSN : 26860864     DOI : https://doi.org/10.32734/scripta.v1i2
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal is a journal aimed to provide a forum for publishing scientific articles in the field of medical or health science. The main focus of SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal is tropical medicine and oncology medicine also the rest of medical fields as the additional focus. To achieve its aim, SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal publishes research articles, review articles, and case reports especially manuscript with a regional or national data to raise the interest of the reader in tropical medicine or oncology medicine as the main focus and the rest of medical fields as the addition focus.
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Tingkat Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Tindakan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat pada Anak-Anak Panti Asuhan Claresta Kecamatan Medan Johor Kota Medan Tahun 2023. Fauzi, Choirunnisa; Dalimunthe, Dina Arwina; Michelle Hotmauli Sinaga; Rina Amelia; Irma Sepala Sari Siregar
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/scripta.v7i2.18616

Abstract

Background: Clean and Healthy Lifestyle is an effort to provide learning experiences and create conditions for communities, groups, families and individuals to be able to independently overcome and prevent health problems they face. Fostering Clean and Healthy Lifestyle can be carried out by organizing health promotion, namely trying to increase knowledge, behavior and attitudes in providing assistance to groups, families, individuals and communities so that they know, are able to, and want to implement clean and healthy living behaviors. Objective:The research aims to know the charateristics of knowledge, attitudes and PHBS actions towards children living in the Panti Asuhan Claresta Kecamatan Medan Johor Kota Medan in 2023. Method: This type of research is descriptive. The total sampling technique was used in this study with a total sample of 30 foster children, with 15 boys and girls each. The level of knowledge, attitudes, and PHBS actions were measured using a questionnaire. Results: The results showed that 80% of children had good knowledge of PHBS, 66.7% of children had good attitudes towards PHBS, and 76.7% of children had good PHBS practices. Girls have better PHBS knowledge and actions than boys, but both girls and boys have the same PHBS attitude. Conclusion: Most of the children from the Panti Asuhan Claresta Kecamatan Medan Johor Kota Medan have good knowledge, attitudes and behavior for Clean and Healthy Lifestyle. Keywords: Attitude, Clean and Healthy Living Behavior, Knowledge, Practice. Latar Belakang: Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat yaitu upaya dalam memberi pengalaman belajar dan mewujudkan sebuah keadaan untuk masyarakat, kelompok, keluarga, dan perorangan untuk bisa secara mandiri menanggulangi dan mencegah permasalahan kesehatan yang dihadapi. Membina Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat bisa dilaksanakan dengan menyelenggarakan promosi kesehatan, yakni berupaya menambah pengetahuan, perilaku dan sikap dalam memberikan bantuan kepada kelompok, keluarga, individu, dan masyarakat agar mengetahui, mampu, dan ingin menerapkannya perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran  pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan PHBS pada anak-anak Panti Asuhan Claresta Kecamatan Medan Johor Kota Medan pada tahun 2023. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian deskriptif. Digunakan teknik total sampling pada penelitian ini yang jumlah sampelnya sebesar 30 orang anak asuh, dengan masing-masing 15 anak laki-laki dan perempuan. Tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, dan tindakan PHBS diukur dengan memakai kuesioner. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 80% anak berpengetahuan baik tentang PHBS, sebanyak 66,7% anak memiliki sikap yang baik terhadap PHBS, dan 76,7% anak memiliki tindakan PHBS yang baik. Anak perempuan memiliki pengetahuan dan tindakan PHBS lebih baik dari anak laki-laki, namun baik anak laki-laki dan anak perempuan mempunyai sikap PHBS yang sama. Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar anak-anak Panti Asuhan Claresta memiliki pengetahuan, sikap dan tindakan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan sehat yang baik. Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan, Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat, Sikap, Tindakan.
The Role of Gut-Brain-Skin Axis in Guttate Psoriasis caused by Enterobacter cloacae Hazlianda, Cut Putri; Dewi, Molla Andriska
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/scripta.v7i2.20183

Abstract

Background: Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition often manifesting as erythematous plaques with white scales. Guttate psoriasis (GP), a specific variant, presents as sudden-onset red, water-drop-like spots typically triggered by infections. The gut-brain-skin axis highlights the role of gut microbiota in modulating skin inflammation. Objectives: To present a case report of guttate psoriasis and the interplay between gut-brain-skin axis in guttate psoriasis. Case Presentation: A 28-year-old woman presented with itchy raised red patches covered by thick white scales. Symptoms began a month earlier, with red spots first appearing on her chest and spreading. A week prior, she experienced fever, sore throat, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Physical examination revealed erythematous papules and plaques with positive Auspitz and Karsvlek signs. A throat swab identified Enterobacter cloacae. Treatment included cetirizine, hydrocortisone cream, desoximetasone cream, and ketoconazole shampoo. Discussion: The gut-brain-skin axis suggests that gut microbiota, like Enterobacter cloacae, can affect skin inflammation through immune modulation. Dopamine produced by gut bacteria may exacerbate psoriasis by influencing T cells and keratinocytes. Stress also plays a role in psoriasis flare-ups. This patient’s history of bacterial infection and stress supports this theory. Conclusion: This case illustrates the intricate interplay between gut microbiota, stress, and immune mechanisms in GP, emphasizing the need for holistic treatment approaches in managing psoriasis. Keyword: Enterobacter cloacae, Gut, Guttate psoriasis, Microbiota, Skin axis Latar Belakang: Psoriasis adalah kondisi peradangan kulit kronis yang sering bermanifestasi sebagai plak eritematosa dengan sisik putih. Psoriasis gutata (GP) adalah varian khusus yang muncul sebagai bintik merah yang menyerupai tetesan air dengan onset tiba-tiba yang biasanya dipicu oleh infeksi. Tujuan: Untuk mempresentasikan laporan kasus psoriasis gutata dan hubungan pola antara aksis saluran pencernaan-otak-kulit di psoriasis gutata. Presentasi kasus: Seorang wanita berusia 28 tahun datang dengan keluhan bercak merah gatal yang menonjol dan tertutup sisik putih tebal. Gejala muncul sejak satu bulan sebelumnya, dimulai dengan bintik merah di dada yang kemudian menyebar. Seminggu sebelum munculnya lesi, pasien mengalami demam, sakit tenggorokan, mual, muntah, dan diare. Pemeriksaan fisik menunjukkan papul dan plak eritematosa dengan tanda Auspitz dan Karsvlek yang positif. Hasil kultur usap tenggorokan mengidentifikasi Enterobacter cloacae. Pasien diberikan terapi berupa cetirizine, krim hidrokortison, krim desoximetasone, dan sampo ketokonazol. Pembahasan: Aksis saluran pencernaan-otak-kulit menunjukkan bahwa mikrobiota usus, seperti Enterobacter cloacae, dapat memengaruhi inflamasi kulit melalui modulasi sistem imun. Dopamin yang diproduksi oleh bakteri usus berpotensi memperburuk psoriasis dengan memengaruhi sel T dan keratinosit. Stres juga berperan dalam kekambuhan psoriasis. Riwayat infeksi bakteri dan stres pada pasien ini mendukung teori tersebut. Kesimpulan: Kasus ini menggambarkan hubungan antara mikrobiota usus, stres, dan mekanisme imun dalam GP, sehingga menekankan pentingnya pendekatan terapi holistik dalam tata laksana psoriasis. Kata Kunci: Aksis kulit, Enterobacter cloacae, Mikrobiota, Psoriasis gutata, Usus
Cervical Cancer Awareness and Its Association with VIA (Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid) Screening Behaviors Among Women of Reproductive Age: A Cross-Sectional Study at Simpang Limun Primary Health Center Khosasi, Felix; Elbert Elbert; Ginting, Anastasia Grace Milenia; Matondang, Halisa Tiara Ariani; Batubara, Riska Primayanti; Rina Amelia
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/scripta.v7i2.21104

Abstract

Background: Cervical cancer is a malignant disease that affects the cervix and ranks as the fourth most common cause of cancer globally, according to the World Health Organization. Women over the age of 15 are at high risk, with the most affected age group being 25–64 years. Early detection through screening, such as viasual examintation tests, plays a crucial role in reducing cervical cancer morbidity and mortality. Objectives: This study aims to determine the relationship between the knowledge of women of childbearing age about cervical cancer and VIA tests, and their behavior (attitudes and actions) regarding VIA examination as a screening method for cervical cancer. Methods: This analytical descriptive study used a cross-sectional design. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to women of childbearing age who visited the Simpang Limun Primary Health Center. The study population included women of childbearing age in the health center's working area. A total of 100 participants were selected using the one-population hypothesis sampling formula. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test in SPSS. Results: The findings indicate a significant relationship between knowledge about cervical cancer and VIA tests and the behavior (attitudes and actions) of women of childbearing age towards undergoing VIA examinations. Conclusion: Enhancing knowledge about cervical cancer and  tests can positively influence the behavior of women of childbearing age, leading to increased participation in cervical cancer screening. Keyword: Cervical cancer, Screening, VIA test, Knowledge, Behavior Latar Belakang: Kanker serviks merupakan penyakit ganas yang menyerang leher rahim dan menempati peringkat keempat sebagai penyebab kanker tersering di dunia menurut World Health Organization. Wanita berusia di atas 15 tahun berisiko tinggi, dengan kelompok usia yang paling banyak terkena adalah 25–64 tahun. Deteksi dini melalui skrining, seperti pemeriksaan IVA, berperan penting dalam menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian akibat kanker serviks. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan wanita usia subur tentang kanker serviks dan tes IVA dengan perilaku (sikap dan tindakan) mereka terhadap pemeriksaan IVA sebagai metode skrining untuk kanker serviks. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif analitik ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada wanita usia subur yang berkunjung ke Puskesmas Simpang Limun. Populasi penelitian mencakup wanita usia subur di wilayah kerja puskesmas tersebut. Sebanyak 100 partisipan dipilih menggunakan rumus one-population hypothesis sampling formula. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square dengan bantuan program SPSS. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan tentang kanker serviks dan pemeriksaan IVA dengan perilaku (sikap dan tindakan) wanita usia subur terhadap pemeriksaan IVA. Kesimpulan: Peningkatan pengetahuan tentang kanker serviks dan tes IVA dapat berpengaruh positif terhadap perilaku wanita usia subur, sehingga meningkatkan partisipasi dalam melakukan skrining kanker serviks. Kata Kunci: Cervical cancer, Screening, VIA test, Pengetahuan, Sikap
Are Your Painkillers Putting Your Kidneys at Risk? A Meta-Analysis of Non-Aspirin NSAIDs and Kidney Cancer Elbert, Elbert; Khosasi, Felix
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/scripta.v7i2.21145

Abstract

Background: Kidney cancer cases are rising globally, with over 400,000 new cases reported annually. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), widely used for pain relief, have been linked to an increased risk of kidney cancer, particularly renal cell carcinoma, with long-term use of non-aspirin NSAIDs. This association may be due to chronic kidney damage and prostaglandin-mediated DNA alterations, though the evidence remains inconsistent. Objectives: This meta-analysis reviews recent studies (2014–2024) to reassess the relationship between non-aspirin NSAIDs and kidney cancer Methods: This meta-analysis followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines, reviewing case-control and cohort studies (2014–2024) on non-aspirin NSAIDs and kidney cancer risk from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Data extraction, bias assessment (ROBINS-E), and quantitative analysis (Review Manager 5.4) were conducted, with significance set at p<0.05 and heterogeneity assessed via I². Results: Out of 190 studies, three met inclusion criteria (two case-control, one cohort). The risk of bias was low in two studies, and there were some concerns in one. Meta-analysis revealed an OR of 2.08 [95% CI: 0.77–5.65], indicating no significant association (p=0.15). High heterogeneity (I²=95%) suggests substantial variability due to differences in study populations, methodologies, or therapies. These findings highlight the need for further research to better understand the relationship between non-aspirin NSAID use and kidney cancer risk and to address the observed inconsistencies. Conclusion: This meta-analysis suggests a potential link between non-aspirin NSAIDs and kidney cancer, though results lacked statistical significance. Future research should address limitations and include larger, more homogeneous datasets for clearer conclusions. Keyword: Cancer risk, Kidney cancer, Non-aspirin NSAIDs, Renal cell carcinoma Latar Belakang : Kasus kanker ginjal meningkat secara global, dengan lebih dari 400.000 kasus baru dilaporkan setiap tahun. Obat nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs), yang banyak digunakan untuk meredakan nyeri, telah dikaitkan dengan peningkatan risiko kanker ginjal, khususnya karsinoma sel ginjal, terutama pada penggunaan jangka panjang NSAID non-aspirin. Asosiasi ini mungkin disebabkan oleh kerusakan ginjal kronis dan perubahan DNA yang dimediasi prostaglandin, meskipun buktinya masih tidak konsisten. Namun, bukti yang ada masih tidak konsisten, dan klarifikasi hubungan ini penting secara klinis mengingat penggunaan NSAID non-aspirin yang luas dan sering kali berlangsung dalam jangka panjang. Objectives: Meta-analisis ini meninjau studi-studi terbaru (2014–2024) untuk menilai hubungan antara NSAID non-aspirin dan kanker ginjal. Methods: Meta-analisis ini mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020, meninjau studi case-control (2014–2024) mengenai risiko kanker ginjal terkait NSAID non-aspirin dari PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, dan Cochrane. Ekstraksi data, penilaian bias (ROBINS-E), dan analisis kuantitatif (Review Manager 5.4) dilakukan, dengan batas signifikansi p<0.05 dan heterogenitas dinilai menggunakan I². Results: Dari 190 studi, dua studi memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Risiko bias rendah pada kedua studi. Meta-analisis menunjukkan OR 2.08 [95% CI: 0.77–5.65], yang mengindikasikan tidak ada asosiasi yang signifikan (p=0.15). Heterogenitas yang tinggi ditemukan (I² = 95%), yang kemungkinan mencerminkan perbedaan ukuran sampel yang mencolok antar studi case-control yang disertakan. Temuan ini menekankan perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut untuk memahami hubungan antara penggunaan NSAID non-aspirin dan risiko kanker ginjal serta untuk mengatasi inkonsistensi yang terlihat. Conclusion: Meta-analisis ini menunjukkan adanya potensi hubungan antara NSAID non-aspirin dan kanker ginjal, meskipun hasilnya tidak mencapai signifikansi statistik. Penelitian selanjutnya sebaiknya berfokus pada populasi yang lebih besar dan lebih homogen, dengan definisi durasi paparan NSAID non-aspirin yang terstandarisasi serta periode laten yang didefinisikan secara jelas antara penggunaan NSAID non-aspirin dan terjadinya kanker ginjal. Kata Kunci : Kanker ginjal, Karsinoma sel ginjal, Non-aspirin NSAIDs, Risiko kanker
Behavior of Generation Z, Obesity, and Chronic Kidney Disease among Children and Adolescents: A Literature Review Furqon, Al; Ridha, Rasyid
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/scripta.v7i2.22594

Abstract

Background: Generation Z is defined as individuals born between 1995 and 2010. Being raised in digital era, some lifestyle of Generation Z in nutritional fullfillment and physical activity raises concern about obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objectives: This review looked into role of behavior in obesity and chronic kidney disease in Generation Z.  Methods: Search strategy was done using keywords, such as “obesity”, “chronic kidney disease”, “children”, “adolescent”, and “generation Z” in several search engines, including Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. Discussion: Ease of digital access, including instant meal order, makes Generation Z tend to have high calorie food intake, but with minimal physical activity. The imbalance of daily energy expenditure contributes to obesity. Obesity consequently triggers neurohormonal pathways leading to chronic kidney damage. Conclusion: Preventive measures should be taken, including healthy eating habits, daily water intake, and engaging in more physical activity. Keyword: adolescent, children, chronic kidney disease, generation Z, obesity Background: Generasi Z adalah individu yang lahir antara tahun 1995 hingga 2010. Hidup berkembang dalam era perkembangan digital, gaya hidup Generasi Z terutama yang berkaitan dengan asupan nutrisi dan aktivitas fisik meningkatkan risiko terjadinya obesitas dan penyakit ginjal kronik. Objectives: Tinjauan pustaka ini menelaah peran gaya hidup dan perilaku terhadap terjadinya obesitas dan penyakit ginjal kronik pada Generasi Z. Methods: Telaah literatur dilakukan menggunakan kata kunci, “obesitas”, “penyakit ginjal kronik”, “anak”, “remaja”, dan “generasi Z” melalui mesin pencari, seperti Pubmed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar. Discussion: Generasi Z cenderung memanfaatkan kemudahan akses digital, termasuk dalam mendapatkan makanan sehari-hari. Hal ini umumnya menyebabkan asupan kalori berlebih dengan aktivitas fisik yang minimal. Ketidakseimbangan tersebut menjadi penyebab utama obesitas, yang kemudian dapat merangsang mekanisme neurohormal tubuh yang berakhir pada kerusakan ginjal kronik. Conclusion: Pencegahan obesitas dan penyakit ginjal kronik, seharusnya dapat dilakukan dengan melaksanakan pola makan yang sehat, asupan air yang cukup, dan meningkatkan aktivitas fisik. Keyword: anak, generasi Z, obesitas, penyakit ginjal kronik, remaja
Pengaruh Faktor Pelayanan Farmasi terhadap Kualitas Pelayanan yang Dimediasi oleh Waktu Tunggu Resep di Apotek Rumah Sakit Aulia Jakarta Selatan Lestari, Vania Puji; Andarusito, Nurcahyo; Nurminingsih
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/scripta.v7i2.23063

Abstract

Background: Pharmaceutical services in hospitals play a crucial role in determining the overall quality of healthcare services, particularly regarding efficient prescription waiting times. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the influence of factors such as Human Resources (HR), drug availability, facilities and infrastructure, and prescription types on service quality, with waiting time as a mediating variable at Aulia Hospital Pharmacy, South Jakarta. Methods: This research employed a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional design involving 90 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire, and analyzed using univariate, bivariate (chi-square), and multivariate multinomial logistic regression tests. Results: The findings indicate that waiting time significantly affects service quality, where shorter waiting times lead to better perceptions of pharmaceutical service quality. Facilities and infrastructure were also found to have a significant effect on service quality. However, HR, drug availability, and prescription types did not show a significant effect in the multivariate model. Conclusion: The efficiency of waiting time and the comfort of facilities and infrastructure are the main determinants influencing the perceived quality of pharmaceutical services at Aulia Hospital, South Jakarta. Keyword: HR, drug availability, facilities and infrastructure, prescription types, waiting time, service quality, hospital Latar Belakang: Pelayanan farmasi di rumah sakit memiliki peran penting dalam peningkatan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan, khususnya dalam efisiensi waktu tunggu resep. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh faktor-faktor seperti Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM), ketersediaan obat, sarana dan prasarana, serta jenis resep terhadap kualitas pelayanan, dengan waktu tunggu sebagai variabel mediasi di Apotek RS Aulia Jakarta Selatan. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuantitatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional yang melibatkan 90 responden yang dipilih melalui purposive sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji univariat, bivariat menggunakan chi-square, dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik multinomial. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa waktu tunggu berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas pelayanan; waktu tunggu yang lebih singkat menghasilkan penilaian yang lebih baik terhadap kualitas pelayanan. Sarana dan prasarana juga memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas pelayanan. Namun, SDM, ketersediaan obat, dan jenis resep tidak menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan terhadap kualitas pelayanan dalam model multivariat. Kesimpulan: Efisiensi waktu tunggu dan kenyamanan sarana prasarana merupakan faktor utama yang memengaruhi persepsi kualitas pelayanan farmasi di RS Aulia Jakarta Selatan. Kata Kunci: jenis resep, ketersediaan obat, kualitas pelayanan, rumah sakit, sarana prasarana, SDM, waktu tunggu.
Implementation of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Protocols in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery: A Comprehensive Review Nugroho, Edwin Rasendriya; Heroe Soebroto; Ketut Alit Utamayasa
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/scripta.v7i2.23099

Abstract

Background: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) represents an evidence-based, multidisciplinary approach that optimizes perioperative care, reduces surgical stress, and accelerates postoperative recovery. While ERAS protocols have been widely implemented in adult cardiac surgery, their adaptation to pediatric congenital heart disease (CHD) remains emerging and underexplored. Pediatric populations pose unique challenges due to differences in physiology, surgical complexity, and developmental status. Objectives: This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of ERAS implementation in pediatric cardiac surgery, focusing on its key components, outcomes, and research gaps to guide future practice and investigation. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar, targeting publications from 2010 to 2025. The search utilized the keywords “Enhanced Recovery After Surgery,” “ERAS,” “Pediatric Cardiac Surgery,” and “Congenital Heart Disease.” Relevant randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, reviews, and clinical guidelines were critically analyzed to identify core ERAS elements, perioperative strategies, and reported outcomes. Discussion: The reviewed evidence supports that ERAS protocols in pediatric cardiac surgery are feasible and associated with reduced mechanical ventilation duration, ICU stay, and hospital length of stay, without increasing complications or readmissions. However, most available studies are observational, highlighting the scarcity of randomized controlled trials specifically addressing pediatric CHD. Conclusion: ERAS offers a promising framework to enhance recovery and safety in pediatric cardiac surgery. Standardized, multicenter trials are required to establish evidence-based pediatric ERAS models and determine their long-term impact on recovery and quality of life. Keyword: cardiac surgery, congenital heart disease, ERAS, pediatric, recovery Latar Belakang: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) merupakan pendekatan multidisiplin berbasis bukti yang bertujuan mengoptimalkan perawatan perioperatif, mengurangi stres pembedahan, dan mempercepat pemulihan pascaoperasi. Meskipun protokol ERAS telah banyak diterapkan pada pembedahan jantung dewasa, adaptasinya pada kasus Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) pediatrik masih tergolong baru dan belum banyak diteliti. Populasi pediatrik memiliki tantangan tersendiri karena perbedaan fisiologi, kompleksitas pembedahan, serta status perkembangan. Tujuan: Tinjauan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran komprehensif mengenai penerapan ERAS pada pembedahan jantung pediatrik, dengan menyoroti komponen utama, luaran klinis, serta kesenjangan penelitian untuk panduan praktik dan penelitian selanjutnya. Metode: Tinjauan literatur naratif dilakukan dengan menggunakan basis data PubMed dan Google Scholar untuk publikasi tahun 2010 hingga 2025. Pencarian dilakukan dengan kata kunci “Enhanced Recovery After Surgery,” “ERAS,” “Pediatric Cardiac Surgery,” dan “Congenital Heart Disease.” Artikel yang relevan, termasuk randomized controlled trials, studi kohort, tinjauan pustaka, dan pedoman klinis dianalisis secara kritis untuk mengidentifikasi elemen utama ERAS, strategi perioperatif, serta luaran yang dilaporkan. Pembahasan: Bukti yang ditinjau menunjukkan bahwa penerapan protokol ERAS pada pembedahan jantung pediatrik bersifat layak dan berhubungan dengan penurunan durasi ventilasi mekanik, lama perawatan di ICU, serta lama rawat inap, tanpa meningkatkan komplikasi maupun angka readmisi. Namun, sebagian besar studi yang tersedia bersifat observasional, menyoroti keterbatasan uji acak terkontrol yang secara khusus meneliti CHD pediatrik. Kesimpulan: ERAS menawarkan kerangka kerja yang menjanjikan untuk meningkatkan pemulihan dan keamanan pada pembedahan jantung pediatrik. Diperlukan uji multicenter terstandar untuk membangun model ERAS berbasis bukti pada populasi pediatrik serta menilai dampak jangka panjangnya terhadap pemulihan dan kualitas hidup. Keyword: bedah jantung, ERAS, pediatrik, pemulihan, penyakit jantung bawaan
Effectiveness of Robot-Assisted Gait Training on Gait and Gross Motor Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy : A Literature Review Mahendika, Devin
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/scripta.v7i2.23159

Abstract

Background: Cerebral palsy (CP) causes motor impairments in children, including abnormal gait, muscle weakness, spasticity, and poor balance. Robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) provides intensive, repetitive gait practice using wearable exoskeletons or treadmill-based systems to promote neuroplasticity, but its effectiveness remains debated. Objectives: To review recent evidence on RAGT effectiveness in children with CP, comparing wearable and tethered systems and their effects on gait, balance, and gross motor function. Methods: A literature search was conducted in PubMed and Scopus (last 5 years). Experimental studies (including RCTs), observational studies, and reviews on RAGT in pediatric CP were selected and narratively synthesized. Results: Recent trials report that wearable RAGT improves Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) scores and balance compared to conventional therapy. In contrast, meta-analyses indicate that tethered treadmill-based RAGT does not significantly improve walking speed or distance over standard therapy. Wearable systems using assist-as-needed control allow adaptive overground gait training with more natural sensory feedback, whereas trajectory-controlled devices impose fixed gait patterns. Conclusion: Wearable RAGT with adaptive assistance appears effective in enhancing walking ability, balance, and gross motor function in children with CP, while tethered systems show limited additional benefit. RAGT should be applied as a complementary intervention with individualized protocols. Further research is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes. Keyword: Assist-as-needed, Cerebral Palsy, Exoskeleton, Robot-Assisted Gait Training, Wearable Exoskeleton Latar Belakang: Menelaah bukti terkini efektivitas RAGT pada anak CP, termasuk perbandingan sistem wearable vs tethered, dampaknya pada pola berjalan, keseimbangan, dan motorik kasar, serta mode kendali (assist-as-needed vs trajectory-controlled) dan intensitas latihan. Tujuan: Menelaah bukti terkini efektivitas RAGT pada anak CP, termasuk perbandingan sistem wearable vs tethered, dampaknya pada pola berjalan, keseimbangan, dan motorik kasar, serta mode kendali (assist-as-needed vs trajectory-controlled) dan intensitas latihan. Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan di PubMed dan Scopus (5 tahun terakhir) menggunakan kata kunci RAGT dan CP anak. Studi eksperimental, observasional, dan ulasan yang relevan dipilih dan disintesis secara naratif. Hasil: Studi terbaru menunjukkan RAGT wearable meningkatkan skor GMFM (berdiri/jalan/berlari) dan keseimbangan anak CP lebih signifikan dibanding terapi konvensional. Sebaliknya, meta-analisis RAGT tethered di treadmill menunjukkan tidak ada peningkatan signifikan pada kecepatan atau jarak berjalan dibanding kontrol. Eksoskeleton wearable assist-as-needed memberikan latihan berjalan adaptif dengan umpan balik sensorik fisiologis, sedangkan sistem trajectory-controlled memaksakan pola berjalan kaku. Simpulan: Bukti mendukung bahwa RAGT wearable efektif meningkatkan fungsi berjalan, keseimbangan, dan motorik kasar anak CP, dengan kontrol assist-as-needed sebagai faktor kunci. RAGT tethered belum terbukti lebih unggul dari terapi konvensional. Penggunaan RAGT direkomendasikan sebagai pelengkap terapi konvensional dengan protokol latihan terpersonalisasi. Penelitian lanjutan diperlukan untuk mengevaluasi efek jangka panjang dan optimasi desain eksoskeleton bagi anak CP. Keyword: Anak Cerebral Palsy, Eksoskeleton, Intensitas Latihan, Latihan Berjalan, Rehabilitasi Robotik
Premedication Before Contrast-Enhanced Computed Tomography Scans: A Systematic Review Maulana Muhtadin; Ihsan Fahmi Rofananda
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/scripta.v7i2.23171

Abstract

Background: The use of iodinated contrast media (ICM) in Computed tomography (CT) scan improves visualization but carries a risk of hypersensitivity and other adverse reactions. Premedication with corticosteroids and antihistamines is often recommended, though its effectiveness remains debated. Objective: This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of premedication in reducing adverse reactions to ICM in patients undergoing contrast-enhanced CT.  Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, a systematic search was conducted in PubMed, ProQuest, and ScienceDirect. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort, and case-control studies involving premedication and reporting adverse outcomes after ICM administration. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB tool and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Results: Of 2675 records screened, five studies (one RCT and four cohorts; >8,000 exposures) were included. All reported a reduction in adverse reactions with premedication, though protective effects varied. Antihistamines consistently reduced recurrence of mild and late hypersensitivity reactions. Corticosteroids modestly lowered overall reaction rates but were less effective in high-risk patients compared with contrast substitution. One study showed diazepam reduced seizure incidence in glioma patients. Conclusion: In conclusion, Premedication reduces ICM-related adverse reactions, but its benefit depends on patient risk, prior reaction severity, and regimen used. Antihistamines are particularly effective for mild and late reactions, while contrast substitution may outperform corticosteroids in high-risk patients. Keyword: Adverse reactions, Computed tomography, Contrast media, Hypersensitivity, Premedication Latar Belakang: Penggunaan media kontras beryodium (ICM) dalam pemindaian tomografi terkomputasi (CT scan) meningkatkan visualisasi tetapi berisiko menyebabkan hipersensitivitas dan reaksi merugikan lainnya. Premedikasi dengan kortikosteroid dan antihistamin sering direkomendasikan, meskipun efektivitasnya masih diperdebatkan. Tujuan: Tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efikasi premedikasi dalam mengurangi reaksi merugikan terhadap ICM pada pasien yang menjalani CT scan dengan kontras. Metode: Mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020, pencarian sistematis dilakukan di PubMed, ProQuest, dan ScienceDirect. Studi yang memenuhi syarat meliputi uji coba terkontrol acak, studi kohort, dan studi kasus-kontrol yang melibatkan premedikasi dan pelaporan hasil yang merugikan setelah pemberian ICM. Risiko bias dinilai menggunakan alat Cochrane RoB dan Skala Newcastle-Ottawa. Hasil: Dari 2675 jurnal yang disaring, lima studi (satu RCT dan empat kohort; >8.000 paparan) diikutsertakan. Semua studi melaporkan penurunan reaksi merugikan dengan premedikasi, meskipun efek perlindungannya bervariasi. Antihistamin secara konsisten mengurangi kekambuhan reaksi hipersensitivitas ringan dan lanjut. Kortikosteroid sedikit menurunkan laju reaksi keseluruhan tetapi kurang efektif pada pasien berisiko tinggi dibandingkan dengan substitusi kontras. Satu studi menunjukkan diazepam mengurangi insiden kejang pada pasien glioma. Kesimpulan: Sebagai kesimpulan, premedikasi mengurangi reaksi merugikan terkait ICM, tetapi manfaatnya bergantung pada risiko pasien, tingkat keparahan reaksi sebelumnya, dan rejimen yang digunakan. Antihistamin khususnya efektif untuk reaksi ringan dan lanjut, sementara substitusi kontras dapat mengungguli kortikosteroid pada pasien berisiko tinggi. Kata Kunci: Hipersensitivitas, Media kontras, Premedikasi, Reaksi yang tidak diinginkan, Tomografi terkomputasi
Comparison of Success Rates between Buccal Mucosal Graft and Penile Skin Graft in Anterior Urethral Stricture Repair: A Systematic Review Alhamdi, Mochammad Haikal
SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): SCRIPTA SCORE Scientific Medical Journal
Publisher : Talenta Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32734/scripta.v7i2.23471

Abstract

Background: Anterior urethral stricture is a common urologic condition that may require substitution urethroplasty when endoscopic treatment fails. Buccal mucosal graft (BMG) and penile skin graft/flap (PSG/PSF) are established options, but their comparative success remains debated. Objective: To compare the success and safety outcomes of BMG and PSG/PSF urethroplasty in adult males with anterior urethral stricture. Methods: A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Databases searched included PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for studies published between 2015 and 2025. Randomized controlled trials, comparative cohorts, and meta-analyses evaluating BMG versus PSG/PSF urethroplasty were included. Twelve studies met inclusion criteria and were analyzed narratively. Results: Both graft types showed comparable success and stricture-free rates (85–94%) with no significant difference in recurrence or urinary flow improvement. BMG was favored in patients with lichen sclerosus due to resistance to dermal inflammation, whereas PSG/PSF was suitable when oral harvest was contraindicated. Donor-site morbidity was mild and self-limiting in both groups. Conclusion: Buccal mucosal and penile skin graft urethroplasty yield equivalent outcomes in anterior urethral stricture repair. Graft selection should be individualized based on patient condition and surgeon expertise. Further multicentre randomized studies with standardized outcome definitions are required to confirm long-term differences. Keywords: anterior urethral stricture, buccal mucosal graft, penile skin graft, urethroplasty, reconstruction surgery. Latar Belakang: Striktur uretra anterior merupakan kelainan urologis yang memerlukan urethroplasty substitusi bila terapi endoskopi gagal. Cangkok mukosa bukal (BMG) dan cangkok kulit penis (PSG/PSF) merupakan pilihan utama, namun perbandingan keberhasilannya masih diperdebatkan. Tujuan: Membandingkan keberhasilan dan keamanan urethroplasty menggunakan BMG dan PSG/PSF pada pria dewasa dengan striktur uretra anterior. Metode: Tinjauan sistematik dilakukan berdasarkan pedoman PRISMA 2020. Basis data PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, dan Cochrane Library ditelusuri untuk publikasi tahun 2015–2025. Studi acak terkontrol, kohort komparatif, dan meta-analisis yang menilai BMG versus PSG/PSF disertakan. Sebanyak dua belas studi memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis secara naratif. Hasil: Kedua jenis cangkok menunjukkan tingkat keberhasilan dan bebas striktur serupa (85–94%) tanpa perbedaan bermakna pada angka kekambuhan atau peningkatan aliran urin. BMG lebih unggul pada kasus dengan lichen sclerosus, sedangkan PSG/PSF sesuai untuk pasien yang tidak dapat dilakukan pengambilan mukosa oral. Morbiditas donor ringan dan bersifat sementara. Kesimpulan: Cangkok mukosa bukal dan kulit penis memberikan hasil yang sebanding pada rekonstruksi striktur uretra anterior. Pemilihan cangkok sebaiknya disesuaikan dengan kondisi pasien dan pengalaman operator. Diperlukan penelitian acak multisenter dengan definisi hasil yang terstandar untuk evaluasi jangka panjang. Kata Kunci: bedah rekonstruksi, cangkok mukosa bukal, cangkok kulit penis, striktur uretra anterior, urethroplasty.

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