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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Risk Factors of Stunting in Children Aged 6-59 Months: A Case-Control Study in Horticulture Area Prayudhy Yushananta; Mei Ahyanti; Yetti Anggraini
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17028

Abstract

Background. Stunting is a critical public health problem in Indonesia because it affects cognitive andphysical development and contributes to child mortality. This study aims to identify risk factors for stuntingin children aged 6-59 in the horticultural area. Methods. A case-control study was conducted to compareprevious exposure between stunted children and non-stunted children. Measurements and interviews wereconducted with 160 participants (120 controls and 40 cases), including mothers or caregivers. SPSS wasused for X2 statistical analysis, multiple logistic regression, and odds ratios. Results. The study identifiedfour risk factors for stunting: children who were born short (AOR = 17.57; 95% CI: 5.02-61.51), LBW(AOR = 4.35; 95% CI: 1.38-13, 78), and got a low protein intake (AOR = 4.96; 95% CI: 1.22-20.26).Significantly, a relationship between stunting and access to sanitation was also found (AOR = 6.06; 95%CI: 1.25-29.35). Conclusion. The risk factors for stunting in children aged 6-59 are related to nutritionduring pregnancy and the child’s quality of food. Nutrition interventions should emphasize improving thenutritional status of pregnant women and children and women empowering to affect access to resources andallocations for children’s nutrition.
A Prospective Study of Burn Deaths with Special Reference to Manner of Death and Duration of Survival Priyamvada Kurveti Verma; Rajendra Kumar Morya; Dheeraj Singh Verma
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17029

Abstract

Around 0.2 million people are admitted in hospital due to burns, of which about 5000 people die every year.4Extent of Total Body Surface Area involved is an important parameter, that affects the prognosis in case ofburn injury. The majority of fire related deaths are accidental, usually due to carelessness. Suicidal burns aremostly seen in domestic situations and in females. Homicidal burns are rare; mostly accomplished to takerevenge or to conceal crime. So, this study was carried out with the aim to estimate the total body surfacearea affected & duration of survival / hospital stay and to find out the manner of death in burn cases.It was found that 79.00% cases had burn injuries covering 60– 100% of the total body surface area (TBSA).Maximum percentage of burns was seen in females (30.00% cases) with TBSA of 80-90%. 95% cases werehospitalized with 75.00% having the hospitalization period of 1 – 10 days and maximum number of cases(33%) survived for a period of 3 to 5 days. In most of the cases (64.00%), the manner of death was accidentalfollowed by suicidal (34.00%), with only 2% cases of homicidal burns.
Knowledge of Oral and Dental Health Impacts the Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S) of Primary School Children Pudentiana Rr RE; Tedi Purnama; Emini; Siti Nurbayani Tauchid; Neni Prihatiningsih
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17030

Abstract

Primary school children are a vulnerable group to oral and dental diseases. Less of knowledge on dentalhealth will lead to bad dental and oral hygiene status resulting in debris and calculus. The OHI-S is an idealdental and oral hygiene check tool for assessing the oral hygiene of primary school children.This studyaims to analyzethe relationship of knowledge of dental and oral health toOral Hygiene Index Simplified inelementary school children. Method: this type of analytic observational study with cross sectional design.The research was conducted on the research carried out in class III students of SDN Perigi 03 PondokAren,South Tangerang City. Data collection with a questionnaire on dental health knowledge andOral HygieneIndex Simplified.Data analysis using Chi-Square. Result: Knowledge of oral health toOral Hygiene IndexSimplified indicates that the p-value 0.023 (p <0.05). Conclusion: there is a significant relationship betweenknowledge of dental and oral health toOral Hygiene Index Simplified in primary school children
The Difference of Plasma Prothrombin Time Value in the Production of Adsorbed Plasma Using Various Concentrations of Barium Sulphate in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia Putu Devi Oktapiani Putri; Paulus Budiono Notopuro
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17031

Abstract

Effects of Etanercept on Clinical and Immunological outcomes in Iraqi Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis Qateralnada Rifaat Altohmoschi; Mohammed AH Jabarah AL-Zobaidy; Nizar Abdulateef Jasim
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17032

Abstract

Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease affects joints and connective tissueswhere different types of cytokines are involved in its pathogenesis and progression. Biological drugs areconsidered to be a more targeted treatments for rheumatoid arthritis. Therefore, the aim of current studywas to explore the effects of etanercept, a biological drug that inhibits tumor necrosis-alpha, on clinical andimmunological variables in Iraqi patients with RA. Methods: A prospective open-label study conductedfrom February to November/ 2020 at Rheumatology Unit, Baghdad Teaching Hospital/ Medical city, Iraq.The study involved 75 patients with rheumatoid arthritis who underwent a 12-week course of treatment withetanercept monotherapy or combined with methotrexate. Assessments of disease activity and immunologicalmarkers (using SDAI and ELISA technique, respectively) were performed for the patients after the course oftreatment and compared with healthy controls. Results: Data from current study showed that disease activitywas not affected by type of treatment and immunological markers were higher in patients with rheumatoidarthritis than in control subjects regardless of type of treatment. Conclusion: To achieve an effectivecontrol of rheumatoid arthritis disease activity, treatment with etanercept (monotherapy or combined withmethotrexate) needs to be continued for more 12 weeks.
Correlation between Occupation, Stress Level and Breast Milk Production during Covid-19 Pandemic in Indonesia R.Khairiyatul Afiyah; Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni; Budi Prasetyo; Muhammad Bagus Qomaruddin; Imamatul Faizah; RatnaYunita Sari; Umdatus Soleha
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17033

Abstract

Introduction: Burdensand types of occupation will cause psychological stress during Covid-19 pandemic,especially jobs in the medical field. The rapid transmission of the disease and the increasing number ofpeople infected by Covid-19 bring anxiety and worry and decrease the level of happiness that will obstructthe secretion of oxytocin hormone that brings problems to breast milk production and breastfeeding process.This study was aimed at analyzing the correlation between occupation, stress level and breast milk productionduring Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia.Method: This correlational study was conducted by using cross sectional design.Thetechniqueused to collectthe samples totaling 110 breastfeeding mothers was simple random sampling technique. The independentvariables were occupation and stress level, whereas the dependent variable was breast milk production. Thisstudy used Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaire to measure the stress level and another questionnaireto measure the smoothness of breast milk production. Furthermore, data analysis was done by using Chisquarestatistic test with the significance level of p < 0.05.Result: The result of this study showed that of 110 respondents, most of them (67%) worked in the medicalfield; nearly all (70.9%) experienced severe stress; and nearly all (80%) had unsmooth production of breastmilk. Whilst, the result of Chi-square test showed that the value of p =0.000 showing that there was acorrelation between occupation, stress level and breast milk production during Covid-19 pandemic inIndonesia.Conclusion: Occupation, stress level and breast milk production are correlated during Covid-19 pandemicin Indonesia. Therefore, the medical workers, especially nurses are expected to play their active roles toeducate and teach the breastfeeding mothers how to manage stress correctly to maintain the production ofbreast milk in any conditions.
Porotic Hyperostosis and Cribra Orbitalia as Indicators of Nutritional Problems in Ancient Population Rachmadita Yoga Pratiwi
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17034

Abstract

Background One of the most studied pathological conditions in human bone remains is porotic hyperostosisand cribra orbitalia, where the condition of porosity or bone tissue is porous and looks like a coral, sieveor sponge-like formation, and is often associated with a history of anemia. nutritional deficiencies, certaindiseases and so on. This is often seen in the skull because the bone tries to increase the marrow space availablefor increased red blood cell formation. Porotic hyperostosis and cribra orbitalia (some paleopathologists putinto the same category as porotic hyperostosis) occur due to conditions caused by the body’s attempts toproduce more red blood cells in the marrow to compensate for iron deficiency. The longer this iron deficiencycontinues, the more clearly these lesions will form. Objective This study was conducted to see the pictureof the lesion porotic hyperostosis and criba orbitalia associated with anemia and nutritional deficiencies.Methods This study is a case study by observing an intact skull without a mandible, by inspecting theregions of the skull and the roof of the orbit. Results Found coral, sieve or spongy formations on the roofof the skull and the roof of the orbit. The presence of a skull lesion can be an indicator of the fragility of anindividual’s bones. Conclusion Anemia and deficiency conditions can result in the formation of lesions inthe skull.
The Effect of COVID-19 on Blood Pressure Control in Hypertension Patients– A Literature Review Raditya Manusakti; Judya Sukmana; Wachjudi Kurniaj; Liliawanti
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17035

Abstract

COVID-19 is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). First identifiedin Wuhan, China, in December 2019, and declared an International Public Health Emergency in January2020, the WHO declared a pandemic in March 2020. Hypertension, a disease that has long been a problemfor most people in Indonesia and around the world . COVID-19 can affect blood pressure control for peoplewith hypertension due to obstruction of the RAAS system. This research was conducted to find out whateffect COVID-19 has on blood pressure control in people with hypertension. In the condition of COVID-19patients with comorbid hypertension, SARS-CoV-2 which attacks ACE2 can eliminate the role of ACE2 inthe RAAS system. Inhibition of ACE2 can also cause buildup of angiotensin II which has a vasoconstrictiveeffect. This results in the absence of homeostasis in the blood pressure control system and makes bloodpressure conditions that continue to be at high pressure.
Facebook Ads for Health Promotion Against Covid-19: An Environmental Medicine Perspective Rahmad Agus Dwianto; Nur Wening; Elita Dwi Hapsari
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17036

Abstract

This research aims to provide innovative ideas to disseminate information on environmental medicineduring the Covd-19 pandemic via Facebook. The socialization of the environmental medicine informationtothe public was hampered during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study provides innovative informationdissemination strategies and to increase public awareness and knowledge about environmental medicine.The research method uses literature reviews from various recent studies on the use of social media Facebookfor the dissemination of information. The study found that Facebook advertising as a digital platform for thedissemination of environmental medicine during a pandemic to the public is more efficient in terms of time,energy, costs, and a wider target market. This study found innovations, namely the use of Facebook ads as adigital marketing platform for the disseminating of environmental medicine programs to the public duringa pandemic. Further studies could combine Facebook Ads with other platforms such as Google Ads, SEO,and TikTok.
Study of Causes of Death, Histopathological and Microbiological Changes in Cases of Burns Brought for Autopsy at Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal Rajendra Kumar Mourya; Priyamvada Kurveti Verma; Garima; Pawan Rathor; Dheeraj Singh Verma
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.17039

Abstract

Death may occur immediately after burns or may get delayed for days & weeks, where burns may not be theactual cause of death; but its sequels & its complications leads to death. In such cases, determination of exactcause of death may be difficult. Hence, this study was aimed to find out the causes of death in burn casesduring autopsy utilizing histopathology and microbiology & its comparison with clinical causes of death. Allcases of burns autopsied at Gandhi Medical College & associated Hamidia Hospital Bhopal, for a period of1.6 years were included in the study.Out of 100 cases included, 45 (45.00%) showed the cause of death as septicemia, followed by hypovolemicshock in 30 (30.00%) cases, hypovolemic shock with acute renal failure seen in 4% cases. Bronchopneumoniawas seen in 29% cases, out of which 12% cases were associated with septicemia. Multiple Organ Failurewith septicemia was seen in 11% cases and in 2 (2.00%) cases of spot death; cause was neurogenic shockwith asphyxia.On histopathological examination, lungs revealed congestion and alveolar edema in 48% cases; Livershowed sinusoidal congestion in (39 %) cases; Kidneys showed hydropic degeneration of tubules in 62 %cases; being the most common findings. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the commonest isolate, 61% in bloodand 47% in pus culture.So, there is need of strict and 100% implementation of aseptic measures in burnwards, along with adequate supply of appropriate drugs specially antibiotics to the all hospitals.

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