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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
 391   392   393   394   395 
Successful Treatment with Rectal tube Placement and Barium Enema in Uncomplicated Acute Sigmoid Volvulus: A Case Report Stevanus Immanuel Silahooij; Budi Widodo
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i2.17993

Abstract

Sigmoid volvulus is a condition in which sigmoid colon wraps around itself and its own mesentery, which then causes a closed-loop obstruction. This condition accounts for 50-90% cases of twisted large intestine and often affects adults and are commonly found in males. The classic triad signs and symptoms are abdominal pain, distention, and constipation. Although the emergency resection seems to be the right procedure in treating acute sigmoid volvulus, there is still non-surgical treatment often done in several conditions. We reported a 52-years-old male with uncomplicated acute sigmoid volvulus who underwent non-surgical treatment due to his refusal of surgical therapy. Non-surgical treatment was successfully done and no recurrence found within one year. The aim of this report was to emphasize that non-surgical therapy only could be successfully done without surgical treatment.
Wild Strawberry Fragaria vesca L. extracts Hepatoprotective Activities Against Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Male Wistar Rats Sihning E. J. T; Diah Purwaningsari; Nita Pranitasari; Liliawanti
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i2.17995

Abstract

Background: Administration of high-dose paracetamol had been indicated to induce several molecular and biochemical cascades of hepatotoxicity. The abundant amount of ROS formation following the uptake of the medication exceeds the physiologic antioxidant capacity of the body, leading to the occurrence of oxidative stress. Wild strawberries (Fragaria vesca L)extractsare thought to have hepatoprotective activities regarding the high activity of antioxidants contained.Method: Aspartate Transaminase (AST) activity was used as a marker of hepatotoxicity. In the 10 days trial, randomized samples of 24 male Wistar rats (Rattus Norvegicus) were used and divided into three groups: 1 group without treatment, 1 group receiving oral paracetamol 1750 mg/kg in CMC-Na suspension, and 1 group receiving oral paracetamol 1750 mg/kg following administration of strawberry extract 400 mg/kg. The strawberry extract was administered from day 1 to 10, while high-dose paracetamol was administered on day 9. AST activity analysis was done on day 10 of the trial. Significant results were found showing an increased AST activity in the paracetamol-only group (p=0.001) and a decreased AST activity in the group receiving strawberry extract (p=0.001). Conclusion: Fragaria vesca L extracts were proven in vivo to have hepatoprotective activities against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity
The Contribution of Family Cohesion And Self-Efficacy on the Mental Health of Older Adults: A Survey Conducted in Aceh, Indonesia Sufyan Anwar; Sukma Elida; Khairunnas
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i2.17998

Abstract

Background: Mental illness is recognized as a critical global issue and is a critical aspect of health problems, especially in older adults.Many studies analyze the correlation between self-efficacy and mental health. Still, studies that analyze the correlation between family cohesion and mental health among older adults in Aceh remainlimited.Methods: This study employeda survey method. The survey was carried out on older adults aged 60 years or more by applying a cross-sectional design with the number of samples was 483. At the same time, the data collection technique was done for four months in 2019. A logistic regression test was conducted for statistical analysis to answer the research hypothesis.Results: The finding of this study proved that family cohesion (OR> 3, p<0.001)and self-efficacy (OR > 2, p<0,001) were correlated with the mental health of older adults.Conclusions: The researchers conclude that families with good cohesion and older adults with high self-efficacy can support and improve the mental health of older adultsin Aceh.
Anthropometric Measurement of Nasal Parameters in Adult Malay Population Thin Thin Aung; Kartikeya Tiwari; Osama Bahaa Mahammed
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i2.17999

Abstract

Objectives: Anthropometry is notable for its suggestions in, human anatomy, forensic science, and physical human studies. Human nose is an unmistakable rule in close to recognizable proof and is an impression of uniqueness of each person. The information on nasal estimation is essential to clinicians like maxillofacial specialists, craniofacial specialists empowering them in identification of typical or strange changes, help with repair and reconstruction. Prosthetic recovery additionally requires the capacity to envision the position and measurement of the nose inside the facial closeness. In this way, the admittance to nasal information for every populace are worthwhile. The main intension was to quantify the parameters of outer nose of adult Malay populace and to decide the critical distinction in nose measurement among races.Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was led on 420 people (80 Malay male, 80 Malay female, 60 Indian male, 70 Indian female, 60 Chinese male and 70 Chinese female) in the age range 18-45 years. In this study digital caliper was utilized to identify the nasal landmarks. This research was conducted that the mean of variables were statistically significant differences in nose measurement scores among adult Malay population. All the average independent variables were measured and compared whether differs at the same time among races and ethnic groups.Results:It was discovered that nasal measurement were remarkably larger in Indian and Malay than in Chinese for nasal tip protrusion, nasal height and nasal length. There were larger in Chinese than in Malay for nasal width and alar base root. There were larger in Indian than in Malay for nasal width, nasal height and nasal length. But there was no significant difference in nasal parameters among genders of Malay populace. Conclusion: Thestatisticallysignificant difference in nasal anthropometric nasal parameters were found among three ethnic groups of adult Malay population. But there was no significant difference in anthropometric nasal values among genders of Malay populace
Soluble Antimicrobial Peptide Pyocin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and its Therapeutics: A Review Article Sura Saleem Alberman; EssamFadel Al-wan Al-Jumaili
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i2.18003

Abstract

Pyocinsis a bacteriocin produced by a group of Gram-ngative bacteria that belongs to Pseudomonasspecies. Pyocin is classified as a two distinct families of pyocins. (i) S-type pyocins (colicin-like bacteriocins), (ii) Tailocins (high-molecular weight bacteriocins that resemble phage tails).The structure of S-type pyocin is similar to that of colicin except that many S-type pyocins have three domains. Under normal conditions, the expression of prtN is repressed by PrtR. Upon exposure to stress conditions, such as DNA damage by chemicals or ultraviolet irradiation, an activated RecA triggers autoproteolytic cleavage of PrtR, which abrogates prtN repression and leads to pyocinproduction. The outer membrane receptors for three pyocins have been identified. These are FpvAI, FpvAII and FptA, all of which are involved in the uptake of iron-siderophore complexes. Before being translocated through the membrane and killing their target.This is becoming increasingly important as microbial imbalances in the natural gut flora have been suggested to play a role in a range of chronic diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, obesity and rheumatoid arthritis.Pyocin has now been shown to have antimicrobial activity againstbacteria in a biofilm is a limiting factor in the successful treatment of a range of chronic infections
Evaluation of Blood Parameters When Infected with Candida Albicansand Its Recovery Using Probiotics Umniyahqays jasim; Dalia abdalkareem
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i2.18011

Abstract

Purpose: To study, blood components and some indicators of liver function were measured andCandida albicans was isolated and identified from infected cows’ vagina with inflammatory signs then experimentally in rabbits treated with estradiol hormone. Introduction: Candidiasis is an infection caused by yeast,.Candida can multiply and cause an infection if the environment inside the vagina changes in a way that induces its growth.Materials and Methods: Isolation and identification of candida albicans isolate from cowʼ vaginitis (40 samples), duration in November 2020 till May 2021 then treated with saccharomyces cerevisiae. Candida albicans inoculums at 1.5 ×108 cell /ml, in non-pregnant vagainal’ Rabbits a weight (2 kg) after treated with estradiol hormone for several days before the infection occurred. The experiment was carried out in the microbiology laboratories in College Veterinary Medicine- the University of Baghdad, the blood, liver parameters, and rabbits’ vaginal histology was studied.Results: The Hb parameters in G2 showed higher significant differences ( 8.31±0.75107) compared with G1(12.80 ± 2.42782), G3 (13.26 ± 1.465), G4 (12.46 ± 1.987), G5 (12.75 ± 2.128) respectively, the effectiveness of the treatment with S.cerevisiae and its ability to return hemoglobin and liver functions to its normal value and the treatment cause inhibitory effect of C.albicans infection, the vagainal histological section in G4 showed narrow folding of mucosa thrown with mild MNCs infiltrate LP and submucosa, no inflammatory cells seen in a muscular layer or in the serosa. Conclusion: The study proved the effectiveness by using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and treating rabbits vaginal infection with pathogenic Candida albicans, that Injected estradiol hormone S\C then, recovery the blood and liver parameters to their normal condition, in addition, the treatment of vaginal tissue and its return to its normal state
Impact of Dietary Ginger and Ginseng Powder in Broiler Diet on the Physiological Traits and Immune Response of Avian Influenza Vian A.A.M. Hussein; Mushtaq T. Abdulwahid
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i2.18014

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of dietary ginger (Gn) and ginseng (Gs) powder on performanceandevaluate the immune response to Avian Influenza(AI) vaccinein broilers. A total of 160 unsexed broiler chicks (Ross 308) at one day- old were randomly divided to four equal groups with two replicates. The chicks of the 1st group (control) were fed on a basal diet. The 2ndgroup fed on a basal diet with adding Gn at (5gm/ kg feed). The 3rdgroup was fed on a basal diet with adding Gs (5gm / kg feed). While the chicks of the 4thgroup were fed on a basal diet with adding Gn and Gsat (2.5 gm/kg feed) of each. Immune response against AIwas measured at aged (5, 15, 25 and 35) days, while hematological and biochemical tests were measuredat the end of the experiment. The results showed significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) in 2ndgroup in the total protein and globulin concentrations as compared to other groups and control at 35 days old. No significant differencein albumin concentration, liver enzymes (ALT, AST). Also, the 2nd and 4th groups recorded a significant increase in WBC, RBC, Hb and PCV%, as well as, the superiority in the Abagainst the AI at 35 days of age as compared to the other groups. Finding of the current study indicated that groups which receiving dietary Gn and Gs powder showed better health and higher Ab against AI disease vaccine
Pharmaceutical Nano-Delivery Systems: A Review Wissam S. Mahmod; Essam FadelAlwan Al-Jumaili
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i2.18017

Abstract

Nanotechnology is the science that deals with the processes that occurs at molecular level and of nanolength scale size.Reduction of drugs toxicity and enhancement of their bioavailability, biocompatibility, stability and appropriate release are of high opportunities to be accomplished by size reduction, which make pharmaceutical field highly interesting in nanotechnology. Formulation and preparation of highly advanced nano-materials as drug delivery systems achieve the desired therapeutic objective. Current review will discuss in brief types of pharmaceutical nano-sized drug delivery systems by focusing on the specificity and the nature of each type.
The Legal Responsibility to the Family for Shackling People with Mental Illness During the Covid-19 Pandemic Yuna Ariawan; Cempaka Dewi; Ratih Wulansari Manuaba; Chandranita Manuaba; Mokhamad Khoirul Huda
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 16 No. 2 (2022): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v16i2.18022

Abstract

During the COVID-19 pandemic until June 2020, there were 277,000 mental health cases in Indonesia. The number increase compared to 2019. The number of shackling due to mental illness increased from 5,200 in 2019 to 6,200 in 2020. Shackling is strictly prohibited because it violates the law and human rights. Criminal sanctions in Article 333 of the Criminal Code are prepared for those who shackle people with mental illness. The punishment stipulated in this article is also applied to people who intentionally give space to the deprivation of other people’s freedom.The program of “Indonesia Shackle-Free” was launched in 2010, the target was forced to be pushed back until 2019 and remains challenging to achieve. The number of shackling increases due to a lack of public understanding of mental health. This paper aims to explore further the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and the condition of people with mental illnesses (ODGJ) in Indonesia. Another impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on ODGJ is drug withdrawal because of the disruption of drug circulation during the pandemic. The allocation of health financing is also focused on dealing with the pandemic.Promotive efforts are expected to eliminate stigma, discrimination, and human rights violations for ODGJ in the community. Whereas, preventive efforts by developing parenting styles that support mental growth and development, communication, and education in the family are expected to provide appropriate mental health services for ODGJ when entering the rehabilitation stage
Comparison of Akt Expression in the Cerebrum and Cerebellum of Newborn Mus musculus Exposed to Physical Stress and Psychological Stress During Pregnancy Herlina Puji Angesti; Hermanto Tri Joewono; Widjiati
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 4 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i4.18064

Abstract

Introduction: Prenatal stress prevalence is almost half of the population of pregnant women worldwide.Stress will stimulate glucocorticoids which can disrupt the PI3K-Akt cascade. PI3K-Akt deficiency willcause impaired fetal brain growth and development.Objective: To compare the Akt expression in the cerebrum and cerebellum of newborn Mus musculusexposed to physical stress, psychological stress, the combination of psychological and physical stress, andwithout stress exposure. Method: This study was experimental laboratory research. Twenty-four female mice were used as samplesand divided into four groups: physical stress exposure group, psychological stress exposure group, thecombination of psychological and physical stress exposure group, and control group. Akt expression wastested by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining. Statistical analysis used the One Way Anova and KruskalWallis test.

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