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INDONESIA
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Published by Official Organ of Indian Association of Medico-Legal Expert
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Epidemilogi
Articles 5,497 Documents
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Ozone Therapy - A Boon to Dental Sciences Talukdar Alpana; Kalim Ullah; Rabha Arup Kumar
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14267

Abstract

Ozone therapy has successfully being used in the medical field for the treatment of various diseases for morethan a decade. The versatility of ozone therapy, its unique properties like biocompatibility, antimicrobial,anti-inflammatory, immunostimulant, non-invasive nature, atraumatic, relative absence of side effects oradverse reactions, and better patient compliance were responsible for its widespread dental and medical use.Ozone (O3) is used in dentistry as gas, ozonated water and as ozonated oils. This review of literature is anattempt to summarize its therapeutic potential in dentistry
Hyperammonaemia in Absence of Deranged Liver Enzymes with Valproate: A Case Report Amit B. Nagdive; Prakash B. Behere; Siddharth Sethi; Rouchelle Fernandes
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14268

Abstract

Valproate is used for various neurological and psychiatric conditions. It has various adverse effects, mostof which are mild and transient, however, hyperammonaemia in the absence of abnormal liver functionis an uncommon and life-threatening side effect. The exact mechanism for this is unknown, but severalmechanisms have been described for the same. We present a case of 11-year-old male patient belongingto a broken family. Initially he was diagnosed as a case of ADHD with conduct disorder. However due tonon-response to medications, over time, a EEG was done and was found to have generalised epileptiformdischarges, He was maintaining well on Valproate, but had an acute exacerbation of symptoms on beingoff medications for 2 weeks and grandmother restarting Valproate in high dose. Response to the treatmentprovided to the patient was rewarding.
Assessment of Anxiety during COVID-19 Pandemic among General Population of India Anamika Gautam; Poonam Ahlawat; Shikha Sharma Thapa
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14271

Abstract

Introduction -The coronavirus COVID-19 illness makes a very unpredictable future the main psychologicaleffect is elevated rates of anxiety, because of pandemic and the lockdown.Aim -The aimed of the study was to Assess the level of anxiety during COVID-19 among general populationin India.Methodology -A Snowball sampling technique was used to collect the samples from different state andunion territory of India. Total 829 participants respond and enrolled themselves in the study. Participants inthe study belong to 27 states or union territories of India and majority of them are from Delhi.Result-Most of the Participant in the study was female (54%), graduate (51%), age between 18-28 (60%)and Hindu (89.3%). Half of the participant were having minimal anxiety (57.1%) nearly one fourth ofthe participant were having Mild anxiety (28.5%) and least number of participants were having Moderateanxiety (11.0%) and Severe anxiety (3.5%).There was no significant association of Anxiety scores withSocio-demographic variable except place of stay, suffering from any health problem and During lockdownperiod time spent in watching news related to corona (COVID-19) on mobile, laptop, television etc.Conclusion-The study concluded the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cause anxietyamong the people. Understanding the risk to yourself and people you care about can make an outbreak lessadverse effect on mental and physical health of the people
A Conceptual Study on Prevention & Management of Covid -19 Pandemic with Special Reference to Janapadodwamsa Anamika Khatana; Rakesh Khatana
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14272

Abstract

Introduction: Ayurveda being one of the oldest surviving Medical Tradition, has a key role to play inthis crucial situation.Covid-19 it is not a simple infectious disease it is a pandemic disease caused byCoronavirus which reflects in human but stay as a host in animals. These viruses contain seven differentstrains; of which SARS-COV-2 is responsible for Covid-19. Its spread through droplets via air dueto sneezing, cough, talking and direct or indirect contact with an infected patient such as handshake,touch surfaces contact by an infected person. This virus causes the severe acute respiratory syndrome.Its incubation period varies between 2 to 14 days, the disease can transmit from symptoms less personto person. Material & Methods: Covid-19research information was collected from the world healthorganization, books, research papers, journals. Ayurveda literature from reference books, internet, andopinions of experts utilize as a review. Observations and Results: COVID-19 can be provisionallyunderstood from the Ayurvedic perspective as v?takapha dominant sannip?tajvara of ?gantu originwith pitt?nubandha. The asymptomatic, presymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe and critical stages ofCOVID-19 with varying clinical presentations have been analysed on the basis of nid?na, do?a, d??ya,nid?napañcaka and ?a?kriy?k?la. Conclusion: It will be good to take preventive measures which boostour immunity in these times. Ayurveda extensive knowledge base on preventive care by which eachindividual can achieve by uplifting and maintain his or her immunity. In Ayurveda, Immunity comes underthe heading of Vyadhiksamatwa. In Ayurveda, many single drugs or compound formulation were mentionedas Rasayana to boost up Immunity (Bala or Vyadhiksamatwa).
The Use of Information Gained under RTI Act- 2005 in Forensics and Toxicology- An Indian Perspective Ankit Gupta; Vikas Gupta; Amar Pal Singh
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14273

Abstract

The role of forensic reports are to prove without doubt in the court the cause of death, injury nature of deathor accident but courts till date do not fully rely on forensic reports as evidence. A study conducted in 2011by Supreme Court and High Courts, DNA has played an important role in only 47 cases. Out of these, 23.4%decisions were given by Delhi High Court alone. Furthermore, DNA evidence had been used in merely4.7% murder cases and 2.3% rape and murder. The Committee on Reforms of Criminal Justice System alsosignifies that the present stage of applicability of forensic science in crime scene investigation is somewhatlow in our country, with only 5-6% of the registered crime cases being referred to the Forensic ScienceLaboratories (FSLs) and Finger Print Bureau put together.Article 20(3) of the Indian constitution states that “No person accused of any offence shall be compelled tobe a witness against himself but the honourable Supreme Court held otherwise. In the case of The State ofBombay vs Kathi Kalu Oghad And Others (AIR 1961), the Supreme Court held that, compelling any personto give any sort of forensic evidence does not violate Article 20(3) of the constitution. The same is givenin Section 73 of the Indian Evidence act, which states that any person can be asked to give the fingerprintor DNA examination even to the accused. Similarly, Section 53 of the criminal procedure code states thata person accused of any crime can be asked to undergo a medical examination if the officers feel that theexamination can provide some evidence to the crime. Further Section 164A of the procedure allows themedical examiner to examine the victim of the rape case within twenty-four-hours of the crime.
Profile and Pattern of Women Seeking Medical Termination of Pregnancy in a Tertiary care Centre in National Capital Region Ankita Kakkar; Pooja Rastogi; Anshul Saxena; Sushil Kumar; Alok Kumar
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14274

Abstract

Background: Induced abortion whether safe or unsafe, legal or illegal is a reproductive health service thatis part of the lives of women, couples and communities all over the country. When faced with unintendedpregnancies, especially in contexts in which women lack access to effective family planning, inducedabortion is an important part of women’s reproductive health care. In this backdrop the present study wasundertaken with the objective to study socio-demographic profile, methods, various indications in MedicalTermination of Pregnancy cases performed in our institution.Method: This study was conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine in collaboration withDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, at SMSR, GautambudhNagar, India. Information was obtainedfrom the patient seeking abortion services, patient’s case record file in the hospital, Medical Terminationof Pregnancy (MTP) register and direct interview with concerned consultant in charge in the form of predesigned questionnaire..Conclusion: The most common reason for MTP was unwanted pregnancy due to non use of contraceptivesby the women of reproductive age group. We recommend comprehensive contraceptive counseling canhelp prevent unintended pregnancies that lead to abortions and should include information on when fertilityreturns after a birth or abortion. Also dedicating a special cell to focus on a woman’s unmet needs ofcontraception would go a long way in resolution of unintended pregnancies and abortions.
Comparative Study of Magnesium Sulphate added to Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine Local Infiltration of Wound for Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Upper Abdominal Surgery: A Randomized Double Blind Study Anuja Agrawal; Sujay Thakkar; Akhilesh Chhaya; Malini Mehta
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14277

Abstract

Aim: To compare subcutaneous infiltration of Inj Bupivacaine with inj MgSO4and Inj Ropivacaine withInjMgSO4 for postoperative analgesia undergoing upper abdominal surgery. Goal: To determine duration ofanalgesia, doses of rescue analgesia, VAS at different time intervals.Background: Post-operative pain is most neglected entity. We should use availableresources inoptimummanner for improving pain managementstrategies.Methods: A Prospective, double-blinded, randomized studyof 50 patients undergoing upper abdominalsurgery divided into group B and R. Infiltration was done in the subcutaneous plane by surgeon before skinclosure. Group B: Inj. Bupivacaine 50mg (10ml of 0.5% Inj . Bupivacaine) with Inj.MgSO4 500mg (1ml ofInj 50% MgSO4) diluted with NS 9 ml to make total volume of 20 ml whereas, Group R: Inj Ropivacaine50 mg (6.7 ml of 0.75% Inj. Ropivacaine) with Inj MgSO4 500 mg diluted with NS (12.3 ml) making a totalvolume of 20 ml. In postoperative period, parameters noted were vitals and Visual Analogue Score (VAS)for 24 hours.Results: In group R, moderate pain was seen in 40%of the patients at T12 whereas in group B 48% hadmoderate pain. Total no. of rescue analgesic doses required in Group R is 2.1 +/- 0.5 and in Group B is 2.6+/- 0.5 in 24 hrs and has significant differencestatistically.Conclusion: Group R had better VAS scores at T24 and reduced no.of rescue analgesic doses.
Effectiveness of Warm Water Foot Bath Therapy on Quality of Sleep among Elderly Arati Raut; Gunjan Morade; Dnyaneshwari More; Sanjivani Mune; Pratiksha Munjewar; Mayuri Mute
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14278

Abstract

Background: Insomnia is a subjective complaint of inadequate night-time sleep. It is the most prevalentsleep disorder identified by older people.1Depression, anxiety, and reduced cognitive function have been linked with severe lack of sleep. Poor sleepquality in the elderly reduces the quality of life, but sadly the most elder people do not report sleep problemsunless expressly requested. Warm water foot bath provides a better sleep at night, as it calm downs andrelaxes the body and mind. This works by increasing the body temperature slightly and after 15 minutes thisstarts to drop gradually. This may indirectly encourage sleep. Gradual decrease in body temperature makesus feel drowsy and so we feel better prepared for sleep. A warm water foot bath also diverts some blood fromthe head to lower parts of the body, decreases brain activity and mimics the state of pre-sleep.2 We wanted todetermine the effectiveness of warm water foot bath therapy on quality of sleep among elderly.Methods: In this study the 60 older adults are selected based on inclusion criteria and were assigned toexperimental and control group alternatively. The experimental group composed of 30 elder people andcontrol group contained 30 elder people. The researcher developed rapport with older people receiving warmfootbath and explained the benefits of intervention. The day we began the data collection, the demographicdata and pretest took from elder people of experimental group and control group. On the next day, warmfootbath was given by the researcher with duration of 15 – 20 minutes for five consecutive days in olderpeople of experimental group. On the other hand, routine work is maintained in control group. Posttest wasdone on sixth day for both experimental and control group to assess the sleep quality among elderly by usingGroningen Sleep Quality Scale.4Results: Findings shows that 25 sample (83.33 %) had undisturbed sleep at night, 5 (16.67 %) had disturbedsleep at night using warm water footbath therapy and none of them had poor sleep at night. The minimumscore was 2 and the maximum score was 7 and the mean score was 4.23 ± 1.30 with a mean percentage of30.2 %. There significant association between qualities of sleeps and age group.Conclusions: The significant difference between preexisting sleeping quality and effectiveness footbathinterpreting effective quality of sleep using warm water footbath therapy among elderly. Mean value ofpreexisting sleeping quality is 8.93 and effectiveness of footbath therapy is 4.23 and standard deviationvalue of preexisting sleeping quality is 0.828 and effectiveness of footbath is 1.305. The calculated t-valueis 14.75 and p-value is 0.000. Hence it is statistically interpreted that the effectiveness of footbath therapyamong elderly was effective
Assess the Effectiveness of Information Booklet on the Knowledge of Wet Nursing among Women Archana S. Teltumbde; Arti Fating, Bhavika Folane; Shrushti Gawande; Pranjali Gawande; Kajal Gavale
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14279

Abstract

Background: Breast milk is an ideal nutrition for infants. Breast milk contain a perfect combination ofvitamins, protein and fat which is required for the optimum growth of the baby. Wet-nursing is definedas the act of providing breast milk someone else›s child. Objectives of the study: To assess the pretestknowledge regarding wet nursing among women. To assess the post test knowledge regarding wet nursingamong women.To assess the effectiveness of information booklet on the knowledge of women regardingwet nursing. Materials and Methods: 100 samples were selected by purposive sampling technique.preexperimental research design one group pretest and post without control group design was used. Result:In pre-test majority of women 58% of them had good knowledge regarding wet nursing among women.mean percentage of knowledge score was (38.20 %) and in post test majority of antenatal mothers (40%of them had excellent level of knowledge score regarding wet nursing among women.Mean percentage ofknowledge score was (67%). Education and area of residence found to be associated with knowledge ofwet nursing none of the other variable were found significantly related with the knowledge of women.,Conclusion-All the women aware about wet nursing to prevent complication during postnatal periods,.
Effect of Grey Zone Samples Testing by Enzyme Immunoassay and Its Impact on Enhancing Blood Safety: Experience from Tertiary Care Hospital based Blood Bank in Central Gujarat Ashu Dogra; Devanshi Gosai; Jasmin Jasani
Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology Vol. 15 No. 2 (2021): Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Publisher : Institute of Medico-legal Publications Pvt Ltd

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37506/ijfmt.v15i2.14280

Abstract

Background : Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay is a standard protocol adopted by majority of BloodBanks for screening of blood units for transfusion transmissible infections. The grey zone testing of samplesincreases sensitivity of ELISA tests which in turn enhances the safe blood transfusion practices. The presentstudy was thus designed to know the effect of repeat testing of Grey zone Blood Donor samples forimproving the sensitivity of ELISA Screening methods in blood banks.Methods:- All Blood Donor Samples which were 10% below the cut- off value were marked as Grey zonesamples and were repeated for ELISA screening . Interpretation of Repeat tests was done as per NACO andWHO guidelines and the samples which recorded their one or both O.D value above cut- off were labelledas reactive and samples which recorded one or both O.D value in grey zone were marked as indeterminate.Results and Conclusion: In present study, a total of 10,425 Blood Donors were screened for TTI’ s andout of 10,425 (15) Blood donor samples were found in grey zone. The results of repeat testing showed that9 (60%) Blood Donor samples were found to be confirm reactive for TTI. Grey zone sample testing shouldbe done routinely as a measure to enhance sensitivity of ELISA testing of Blood Donors in developingcountries.

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