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Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia

jfiti
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Published by Institut Pertanian Bogor

ISSN : 02157950 EISSN : 23392479 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia (JFI) is an official publication owned by the Indonesian Phytopathology Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia). In 2010, JFI management was given to PFI Komda Bogor. Since then, JFI has been published 6 times (January, March, May, July, September, and November).

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Articles 412 Documents

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Deteksi dan Identifikasi Spesies Meloidogyne pada Tanaman Wortel dari Dataran Tinggi Malino, Gowa, Sulawesi Selatan Hishar Mirsam; Supramana Supramana; Gede Suastika
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Meloidogyne spp. was reported as the cause of branched tuber disease on several carrot production areas in Java, Indonesia and may potentially cause yield loss. This research aimed to use morphological and molecular characters to detect and identify Meloidogyne species on carrot from Malino Highland, Sub-district of Tinggimoncong, District of Gowa, South Sulawesi. Morphological identification was done based on character of the female perineal pattern. Molecular identification was based on amplification of r-DNA by polymerase chain reaction technique using species specific primers (Fjav/Rjav for M. javanica, Far/Rar for M. arenaria, and Finc/Rinc for M. incognita) and multiplex primer (JMV1/JMVhapla/JMV2 for M. hapla, M. chitwoodi, and M. fallax).Two of Meloidogyne species, i.e. M. incognita and M. arenaria were detected associated with the incidence of carrot branched tuber. The specific primers amplified two DNA bands, i.e. ± 999 bp of M. incognita and ± 420 bp of M. arenaria, while multiplex primer was failed to amplify DNA bands. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed M. incognita isolate of Malino was closely related to M. incognita isolate from Bangka-Indonesia, China (isolate JS2), and Malaysia (isolates JIK4, FIK4, JIT19, and FIT19) with homology of 99.2–100.0%. The nucleotide sequences of M. arenaria from Malino was submitted to GenBank with accession number KP234264, which was the first nucleotide sequence data in GenBank.

Penapisan Cendawan Antagonis Indigenos Rizosfer Jahe dan Uji Daya Hambatnya terhadap Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. zingiberi Nurbailis Nurbailis; Winarto Winarto; Afriani Panko
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Ginger rot disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. zingiberi is difficult to control because the pathogen is soil borne and is able to form clamidospore as resting structure. The aim of this study was to obtain indigenous antagonistic fungi from ginger rhizosphere which is potential for suppressing the growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. zingiberi. Fungi isolated from ginger rhizosphere were subjected for antagonism assay using dual culture method. Fungi isolates showed capability to inhibit F. oxysporum f. sp. zingiberii were then identified based on morphology characters. Eleven isolates were successfully isolated, but only 9 isolates showed the potentials of suppressing the growth of F. oxysporum f. sp. zingiberi. All 9 isolates i.e. AB4, GC1, BB1, AB1, AB2, K12, GC3, K11 and GC2 had antibiosis activity, and 3 isolates among them i.e. AB2, BB1 and K11 showed competition mechanism. Based on morphology characters the isolates were identified as Penicillium spp. (4 isolates), Trichoderma spp. (3 isolates), and Aspergillus spp. (2 isolates).

Eksplorasi Fusarium Nonpatogen untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Busuk Pangkal pada Bawang Merah Umi Sallamatul Isniah; Widodo Widodo
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae causing basal rot disease is one of an important constrains in shallot productions. Result from several studies showed that non-pathogenic F. oxysporum was very potential to control fusarium basal rot in shallot. This study was conducted to explore non-pathogenic isolates of F. oxysporum from shallot fields which might be effective for controlling basal rot disease. Eighteen out of 21 isolates did not cause any disease symptom, they even promoted shallot growth when inoculated onto bulbs. Three out of 18 selected isolates, i.e. P13a, T14a, and P21a were the most effective isolates in controlling the disease in two consecutive experiments with level of efficacy ranges from 61.2% to 83.3%. This level of efficacy was higher than those of fungicide (benomyl) treatment.

Fusarium Nonpatogen sebagai Agens Hayati Penyakit Rebah Kecambah pada Tanaman Terung Ahmad Muslim
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Rhizoctonia solani is an important soil borne pathogen causing damping-off, stem and root rot disease. The pathogen has a wide range of hosts including eggplant. This experiment was conducted to determine the ability of nonpathogenic isolates of Fusarium against rhizoctonia damping-off caused by R. solani in eggplant by seedling treatment. The result showed that treatment with nonpathogenic Fusarium significantly inhibited damping-off disease development. Nonpathogenic Fusarium effectively reduced disease severity, ranged from 59.02–96.72%. Treatment with nonpathogenic Fusarium was also able to increase plant height and fresh weight of eggplant seedling ranged from 40.00–60.98% and 21.80–66.53%, respectively. This results indicated that nonpathogenic Fusarium could be applied as potential biocontrol agent for damping-off disease caused by R. solani.

Penyakit Mosaik pada Koro Pedang Tri Asmira Damayanti
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Recently, a mosaic disease was observed on jack bean cultivation in Dramaga, Bogor,West Java. The symptom on infected plants, i.e. combination of pale and dark green area was more obvious on young leaves. Vein banding, leaf malformation, and growth inhibition was also observed in infected plants. The symptom was not very obvious in older leaves. Serological detection gave positive reaction to Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV) antiserum, but reaction was negative when detected using specific primer to coat protein (CP) of BCMV strain black eye by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. DNA fragments were successfully amplified by RT-PCR using universal primer of CP gene and degenerated primer for cylindrical inclusion gen (CI) of Potyvirus. DNA analysis showed the highest homology (86.4–91.5%) to several isolates of BCMV-infecting different crops from several countries based on partial sequence of CP, whereas based on partial sequence of CI the highest homology (87.3%) was to BCMV-RU1-P. This is the first report of BCMV infection on jack bean in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia.

Aktivitas Anticendawan Bacillus cereus 11UJ terhadap Rhizoctonia solani dan Pyricularia oryzae Yadi Suryadi; I Made Samudra; Tri Puji Priyatno; Dwi Ningsih Susilowati; Puji Lestari; Sutoro Sutoro
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Microbial secondary metabolites is an important resource for antifungal development in disease control strategy. The objective of this study was to screen Bacillus cereus 11UJ, an antagonistic rhizosphere bacteria for potential secondary metabolite production against rice fungal pathogens, i.e. Rhizoctonia solani and Pyricularia oryzae. The antagonistic effect of crude exract was evaluated using sterile filter paper discs on PDA medium. The ethyl acetate extracts of the bacterium showed a better antifungal activity to P. oryzae than those of R. solani. The inhibitory effect of the filtrate proved the potency of the isolates to produce antifungal. Analysis of pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry showed that B. cereus 11UJ produces 3 major compounds i.e; 9,19-cyclolanostan-3-ol, acetate, (3.beta.)- (CAS) cycloartanyl acetate (13.14%); 4-(2’,2’-dimethyl-6’-methyliden-1’-cyclohexyliden)-3-methyl-2-butanone (9.72%); and stigmast-5-en-3-ol oleat (9.09%) which suggested to play an important role in the suppression of rice fungal pathogens.

Identifikasi Polerovirus Penyebab Klorosis pada Cabai Asal Bali, Indonesia Rita Kurnia Apindiati; Gede Suastika; Kikin Hamzah Mutaqin
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Based on the results of a survey conducted on chilipepper plants in Kertha Village, Payangan Subdistrict, Gianyar District, Bali Province, many chilipepper plants with chlorosis symptoms caused by the virus was observed. Infected plants showed yellowing of the lamina, but the veins remain green. Identification was focused on the Pepper vein yellows virus (PeVYV) through transmission using Aphis nasturtii, observation on the morphology of virus particles, total RNA detection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and nucleotide sequence. The results showed that the disease can be transmitted from infected plant to healthy plant using A. nasturtii. Viral particle has hexagonal shape with the diameter ~30 nm. RT-PCR of total RNA from severe, moderate, and mild symptomatic infected plants, using specific primer sets for coat protein gene of PeVYV successfully amplified DNA with size of ~650 bp. Coat protein gene sequence of PeVYV isolates Bali, Indonesia showing different chlorosis intensity had the highest homology with PeVYV isolates from Taiwan 95.1–96.6%. Based on the data, PeVYV has been confirmed as the cause of chlorosis in chilipepper plants in Bali, Indonesia.

Formulasi Bakteri Endofit Akar Kedelai untuk Pengendalian Pustul Bakteri Trimurti Habazar; Zurai Resti; Yulmira Yanti; Sutoyo Sutoyo; Imelda Imelda
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Two isolates of bacterial endophyte from soybean root were found to be effective to control bacterial pustule caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. glycines. Formulation of the bacterial isolates is required to maintain the effectivity of this bacterial isolates during storage, transportation and application. The aim of this research was to obtain the best carrier for formulation to maintain the effectivity of bacterial endophyte in storage to control bacterial pustule on soybean. Three kind of carrier agent was evaluated for formulation of bacterial endophyte i.e. peat soil, tapioca flour and coconut water + 1% palm oil. Each carrier agent was combined with 5 treatment of storage time i.e. 0, 1, 3, 5 and 7 weeks. Soybean plants was inoculated by. X. axonopodis pv. glycines 2 weeks after planting by rubbing bacterial suspension (106 cel mL-1) on lower surface of leaves. The results showed that all formulas of bacterial endophyte were able to suppress the bacterial pustule on soybean. The best formulations were bacterial endophyte in peat soil stored for 1 and 7 weeks (effectivity rate 79.85% and 77.02%) and coconut water + palm oil and storaged for 3 weeks (effectivity rate 77.46%).

Deteksi Virus yang Menginfeksi Kedelai di Jawa Yunita Fauziah Rahim; Tri Asmira Damayanti; Munif Ghulamahdi
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Virus infection is an important production constraint for soybean. Research was conducted to detect virus infection from soybean samples collected from several locations in Java. Leave samples from 50 plants was taken randomly from each location in Bogor, Cirebon, Bantul, and Ponorogo. Field symptoms was observed and disease incidence was determined based on serological assay using specific antibodies to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), Cowpea mild mottle virus (CPMMV), and Bean pod mottle virus (BPMV). Incidence of CMV, SMV, and CPMMV was 72–84%, 14–24%, and 6–8%, respectively; whereas infection of BPMV was not found. Specific viral DNA of CMV, Potyvirus, and Geminivirus was successfully amplified using specific primer for CMV coat protein, universal primer for Potyvirus and Geminivirus, respectively. Nucleotide sequence analysis showed that isolate CMV from soybean has the highest homology (99%) to CMV strain S, Potyvirus isolates has the highest homology (90%) to BCMV isolate Mungbean from China and BCMV strain Blackeye from Vietnam, and Geminivirus isolates has the highest homology (96%) to Pepper yellow leaf curl virus (PYLCV) from Bogor and Java. Phyllogenetic analysis showed that CMV strain S formed

Keragaman Cendawan Rizosfer dan Potensinya sebagai Agens Antagonis Fusarium oxysporum Penyebab Penyakit Layu Tanaman Krisan Engla Yona Liza; Adrinal Adrinal; Jumsu Trisno
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol 11 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Plant rhizosphere is rich of microbes, one of these is a group of fungi. This research aimed to obtain fungi isolates from rhizosphere of healthy Chrysanthemum, followed by evaluation of their potential as biocontrol agents of Fusarium oxysporum. Isolation of fungi rhizosphere was based-on serial dilution method. As many as 6 isolates of rhizosphere fungi was succesfully isolated with diverse characters. Pathogenicity test showed that 6 isolates were not pathogenic because it did not cause wilt symptoms on Chrysanthemum. The selected isolates were subjected to in vitro assay for their potential as biocontrol agents, 4 isolates had antagonist ability (46.42–51.61%) and antibiosis activity against F. oxysporum. Fungi isolates having the potential as biocontrol agents was identified as Trichoderma sp. (2 isolates), Penicillium sp., and Paecillomyces sp.

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