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Masyarakat Indonesia
Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia
ISSN : 01259989     EISSN : 25025694     DOI : https://doi.org/10.14203/jmi.v44i2
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Social,
Religion Humanities Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Artikel yang dimuat dalam Jurnal Masyarakat Indonesia dapat berbasis hasil penelitian maupun pemikiran, dengan fokus bahasan yang berkaitan dengan perihal masyarakat Indonesia. Tiap terbitan memiliki tema yang berbeda-beda dan dapat ditelaah dari berbagai disiplin ilmu berdasar sudut pandang keahlian penulis. Jurnal Masyarakat Indonesia mengutamakan tulisan tentang isu dan tantangan yang dihadapi masyarakat Indonesia yang dikaji dari berbagai sudut pandang ilmu-ilmu sosial kemanusiaan. Artikel yang dikirim ke Jurnal Masyarakat Indonesia, dapat ditulis, baik dalam bahasa Indonesia maupun dalam bahasa Inggris. Isi Jurnal Masyarakat Indonesia meliputi artikel ilmiah, ringkasan disertasi, dan review buku-buku terbaru dalam bentuk artikel.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Ilmu Sosial (Lain-Lain)
Articles 268 Documents
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POLITIK BUDAYA KESEHARIAN INDONESIA KONTEMPORER DALAM LENSA MEDIA Wahyudi Akmaliah
Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 41, No 1 (2015): Majalah Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia
Publisher : Kedeputian Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Kemanusiaan (IPSK-LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmi.v41i1.248

Abstract

Pada tahun 2014 dan awal 2015 ini ada tiga hal penting yang terjadi dan muncul dalam ruang publik Indonesia yang mewarnai aktivitas sosial masyarakat. Aktivitas inilah yang secara tidak langsung memberikan kontribusi dalam membentuk wajah Indonesia pascarezim Orde Baru. Pertama, munculnya penyanyi Fatin Shidqia sebagai ikon perempuan muslim berjilbab, memenangkan kontes Indonesia X Factor. Indah Nevertari, perempuan muda berjilbab asal Medan yang kemudian menyusul sebagai pemenang kontes menyanyi the Raising Star Indonesia (Akmaliah, 2014). Kedua, terpilihnya Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, biasa dipanggil Ahok, menjadi orang Tionghoa pertama dalam sepanjang sejarah Indonesia menjadi gubernur setelah menggantikan Joko Widodo yang terpilih sebagai Presiden Republik Indonesia. Ketiga, munculnya film-film islami yang diadaptasi dari buku, khususnya dengan latar belakang luar negeri yang memvisualisasikan pengalaman muslim Indonesia di negara mayoritas nonmuslim dan sekuler, seperti 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa, Haji Backpacker dan Assalamualaikum Beijing! Pada era rezim Orde Baru, ketiga hal tersebut relatif tidak terjadi. Selain cengkeraman otoriter dengan sistem panopticon yang diterapkan, rezim Orde Baru masih menganggap bahwa Islam adalah ancaman berbahaya kedua setelah komunis (baca: PKI)
DIBALIK KEBERLANJUTAN SAWIT: AKTOR, ALIANSI DALAM EKONOMI POLITIK SERTIFIKASI UNI EROPA Erwiza Erman
Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 43, No 1 (2017): Majalah Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia
Publisher : Kedeputian Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Kemanusiaan (IPSK-LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmi.v43i1.751

Abstract

Environmental sustainability and social justice are the two key principles of global oil palm certification (RSPO) that the country of export of palm oil to the European Union (EU) must adhere to. Therefore, the success or failure of palm oil trade from Indonesia and Malaysia to the EU depends on the fulfillment of these criteria. In reality, the issue of fulfilling these criteria has become an ‘entrance’ for international civil society movements to launch a black campaign in the European Union. This article tries to explain the role of actors and their alliances in palm oil producing countries, Indonesia and Malaysia in response to the implementation of the RSPO and black campaigns in Europe. Combining literary studies and in-depth interviews, this study shows that actors from palmoil producing countries have a strong role in the bargaining process to get the RSPO certificate. They are very active in giving criticism to the RSPO’s weaknesses, and even establish counter-certificates, in Indonesia called ISPO and in Malaysia with MSPO. Behind the issue of unsustainability and social injustice as principal elementsof global certification, there is trade competition between palm oil producing countries and countries in European Union that produce vegetable oils such as sunflower and rapeseed oils.Keywords: certificates, actors, alliances, trade, palm oil, European Union ABSTRAKKeberlanjutan lingkungan dan keadilan sosial adalah dua prinsip utama dalam sertifikasi sawit global (RSPO) yang harus dipatuhi oleh negara eksportir minyak kelapa sawit ke Uni Eropa. Oleh karena itu, sukses atau tidaknya perdagangan sawit dari Indonesia dan Malaysia ke Uni Eropa bergantung pada pemenuhan kriteria tersebut. Dalam kenyataannya, persoalan pemenuhan kriteria tersebut menjadi “pintu masuk” bagi gerakan masyarakat sipilinternasional untuk melakukan kampanye hitam di Uni Eropa. Tulisan ini mencoba menjelaskan peran aktor dan aliansi di negara produsen sawit, Indonesia dan Malaysia, dalam merespons pelaksanaan RSPO dan kampanye hitam di Eropa. Dengan menggabungkan studi kepustakaan dan wawancara mendalam, studi ini memperlihatkan bahwa aktor-aktor dari negara produsen minyak sawit memiliki peranan yang kuat dalam proses tawar-menawar dalam pelaksanaan RSPO. Mereka memberikan kritik yang tajam terhadap kelemahan-kelemahan RSPO dan secaraaktif membentuk sertifikat tandingan, di Indonesia disebut ISPO, sedangkan di Malaysia MSPO. Di balik persoalan ketidakberlanjutan dan ketidakadilan sosial yang menjadi prinsip dasar sertifikasi global, terdapat persaingan dagang antara negara produsen minyak nabati sawit dan negara-negara di Uni Eropa yang memproduksi minyak nabati seperti dari bunga matahari dan rapeseed.Kata kunci: sertifikat, aktor, sawit, perdagangan, Uni Eropa
JERAGAN NEMEN: DINAMIKA HUBUNGAN BAKUL-LANGGAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF POLITIK EKONOMI M. Alie Humaedi
Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 36, No 2 (2010): Majalah Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia
Publisher : Kedeputian Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Kemanusiaan (IPSK-LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmi.v36i2.662

Abstract

So far, the vendor-customer (bakul-langgan) relationship is blamed for perpetuating poverty in the fisherman community. This patron-client relationship has disadvantaged fisherman as customers (langgan), and hasbrought advantages to vendors (bakul) as jeragan nemen because of their possession of production tools. This position has hardly changed, and the cultural aspect has received a more dominant position than the structural factors in causing poverty. This development is unfortunate, because when the state and the global market could not reach them, this traditional institution(bakul-langgan) would sustain the lives of poor fisherman. The wave of reform in 1998 has also transformed this custom institution. It began to lose its patron client relationship. Today, the vendor customer relationship has become more functional, and every aspect is negotiable. In addition, there is also a matter of desecration of debt which is given by bakul. Finally, the spirit of reform has also changed the position of jeragan nemen to langgan,and many of the subordinates (pendega) have become small business leaders. However, the involvement of rent seeking actors such as banks and micro finance institutions on behalf of cooperatives could bring back the fishermen to poverty.
PENGEMBANGAN MATA PELAJARAN YANG BERKAITAN DENGAN UPAYA PENINGKATAN LITERASI BUDAYA DAN KEWARGANEGARAAN Budiana Setiawan
Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 46, No 1 (2020): Majalah Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia
Publisher : Kedeputian Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Kemanusiaan (IPSK-LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmi.v46i1.915

Abstract

AbstractMinistry of Education and Culture in 2016 has launched The National Literacy Movement, which has been carried out in schools, families and communities. The National Literacy Movement proposes six basic literacies, namely: language, numeracy, science, digital, finances, and culture and citizenship. In this case, cultural and citizenship literacy receives less attention because it is considered lack competitive value in face of 21st century global competition. Whereas cultural and citizenship literacy is a base for formation of five basic characters, which include: religious, nationalist, independent, integrity, and mutual cooperation. The problem is what subjects can increase student awareness, especially in junior high school in supporting cultural and citizenship literacy? What aspects can be contributed from the subjects? This study is qualitative with a desk research method. Results of the study shows that subjects that are considered to increase student awareness of five basic characters, include: Social Studies, Arts and Culture, and Education for Pancasila and Citizenship. Social studies encourage students to have social awareness and be able to live together in a pluralistic society. Art and Culture as a foundation to save diverse of arts and culture of Indonesian people in facing era of modernity. Education for Pancasila and Citizenship encourages students to understand and carry out their rights and obligations as citizens of Indonesia. 
RASIONALITAS TUNTUTAN PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR UNTUK OTONOMI KHUSUS Heru Cahyono
Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 39, No 1 (2013): Majalah Ilmu-ilmu Sosial Indonesia
Publisher : Kedeputian Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Kemanusiaan (IPSK-LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmi.v39i1.313

Abstract

The demand for autonomy in East Kalimantan seems premature since it does not have a strong legal basis. The demand for autonomy was raised after the cancelation of Act No.33/2004 on Financial Balance between Central and Local Government. On the one hand, the demand for autonomy seems reasonably well-justified that even though Kalimantan Timur is a natural resource rich province, yet its people are still living under poverty. From environmental viewpoint, the demand also seems reasonable. With the right to manage natural resources independently, Kalimantan Timur will be able to control the extraction of its resources, so as not to cause damage to the environment. On the other hand, the demand contains fundamental weaknesses with regards to capacity for implementing a good governance and the readiness of local human resources. There are still doubts about the relative size of the budget that cannot be absorbed and the lack of transparency in the use of development funds in the province.Keywords: Local Autonomy, East Kalimantan, Rationality, Natural Resource
ETHICAL CULTURE STRENGTHENING MODEL AT RESORT POLICE AS PART OF POLICE REFORM: A BOURDIEU’S HABITUS BASED APPROACH Ahrie Sonta
Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 44, No 2 (2018): Majalah Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia
Publisher : Kedeputian Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Kemanusiaan (IPSK-LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmi.v44i2.859

Abstract

This research emerged from concerns over cultural reform within the Indonesian Police, which has yet to show expected results, compared to successfully materialized structural and instrumental changes within the frame of Police Reform in the past two decades. Ethical culture, in this research, is believed as ‘organizational capital’ that is needed by the Police to facilitate cultural change. Inquiry into police habitus at the Sidoarjo Resort Police as this research’s object, revealed some problems hindering institutional integrity, i.e.: reminders of paramilitary culture, police doxa as crime-fi ghter, insuff uctient and partial development of internal oversight system, absence of public participatory ethical infrastructure, and deonthologic or rule-based defi nition of ethical approach. In the time being, on personel integrity aspect, there found the following problems: limited comprehension of ethics as a philosophy and of public ethics as public offi cial’s code of conduct, absence of training on ethics in police education, absence of supporting symbolic capitals, and weaknesses within recruitment and socialization system for newly recruited offi cers. A model of ethical culture strengthening is thus developed to overcome the problems on institutional and personel integrity, particularly at the resort level police organization.
MENATA ULANG KEBIJAKAN PEMEKARAN DAERAH DI INDONESIA Mardyanto Wahyu Tryatmoko
Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 40, No 2 (2014): Majalah Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia
Publisher : Kedeputian Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Kemanusiaan (IPSK-LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmi.v40i2.117

Abstract

Banyak hasil evaluasi dan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan pemekaran daerah di Indonesia selama lebih dari satu dekade terakhir cenderung kontraproduktif dari tujuan desentralisasi dan otonomi daerah. Berbagai upaya pembenahan sudah dilakukan, tetapi distorsi implementasinya masih sangat besar. Untuk itu, pembenahan mekanisme penataan daerah secara sistematis perlu segera dilakukan untuk mendukung efektivitas pelaksanaan desentralisasi di Indonesia. Tulisan ini tidak hanya mengulas persoalan dampak buruk pemekaran daerah dan akar persoalannya, tetapi juga mengajukan beberapa solusi strategis pembenahannya. Upaya pembenahan mendasar terutama diarahkan pada perubahan paradigma, pembenahan regulasi, dan penguatan kelembagaan penataan daerah.Kata Kunci: Pemekaran daerah, perubahan, paradigma, perubahan regulasi, penguatan kelembagaan
DARI REPRESI POLITIK KE JERATAN KAPITAL: PRAKTIK SWASENSOR DI HARIAN KOMPAS DALAM MEWACANAKAN TOLERANSI BERAGAMA Ahmad Arif
Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 43, No 2 (2017): Majalah Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia
Publisher : Kedeputian Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Kemanusiaan (IPSK-LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmi.v43i2.739

Abstract

This paper aims to understand the daily attitude of Kompas in preaching the issue of freedom of religion and tolerance, two important elements in the life of democracy. To explore the problem, the writer first analyzed the news of Saeni case, the food merchant that his merchandise was confiscated by the Civil Service Police Unit of Serang City, Banten for selling in Ramadan. News in Kompas daily about this then got a protest from Forum Pembela Islam. Since then this newspaper did not preach it anymore. The results of this study indicate that this case has been repeated that after the Reformasi era, Kompas daily keeps the practice of self-censorship in their reporting on religious issues. These findingscomplement the previous study, that after the fall of the New Order in 1998, the media in Indonesia has not been entirely independent of its role in the democratization process (Nugroho, 2012; Lim, 2011; Tapsell, 2012; and Haryanto, 2011; Steele, 2011). The swasensor that has been the habitus of this media since the New Order continues to be maintained even though the arena has changed. If formerly selfcensorship was done in order to deal with New Order repression, now it is done to serve the interests ofmedia business and business groups.Keywords: freedom of religion, tolerance, media, self-censorship, political economy ABSTRAKTulisan ini bertujuan untuk memahami sikap harian Kompas dalam memberitakan persoalan kebebasan beragama dan toleransi, dua unsur penting dalam kehidupan demokrasi. Untuk menggalipermasalahan tersebut, pertama-tama penulis menganalisis pemberitaan kasus Saeni, pedagang makanan yang dagangannya disita Satuan Polisi Pamong Praja Kota Serang, Banten karena berjualan di bulan Ramadhan. Berita di harian Kompas tentang ini kemudian mendapat protes dari Forum Pembela Islam. Sejak itu koran ini tidak memberitakannya lagi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kasus ini sudah terjadi berulang yang menunjukkan setelah era Reformasi, harian Kompas tetap mempertahankan praktik swasensor dalam pemberitaan mereka terkait isu-isu agama. Temuan ini melengkapi penelitian sebelumnya, bahwa setelah jatuhnya Orde Baru pada tahun 1998, media di Indonesia belum sepenuhnya bebas terkait perannya dalam proses demokratisasi (Nugroho, 2012; Lim, 2011; Tapsell, 2012; dan Haryanto, 2011; Steele, 2011). Swasensor yang telah menjadi habitus media ini sejak Orde Baru terus dipertahankansekalipun arenanya telah berubah. Jika dulu swasensor dilakukan dalam rangka menyiasati represi Orde Baru, saat ini hal itu dilakukan demi melayani kepentingan bisnis media dan kelompok usahanya.Kata kunci: kebebasan beragama, toleransi, media, swasensor, ekonomi poli
PEMIKIRAN PEMBARUAN DALAM ISLAM: PERTARUNGAN ANTARA MAZHAB KONSERVATIF DAN ALIRAN REFORMIS M. Azzam Manan
Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 37, No 2 (2011): Majalah Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia
Publisher : Kedeputian Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Kemanusiaan (IPSK-LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmi.v37i2.653

Abstract

Buku edisi ini terdiri atas sembilan bab. Setiap bab ditulis oleh seorangpenulis yang kompeten di bidang sejarah dan pemikiran Islam. Masingmasing mengulas wacana gerakan dan pemikiran pembaruan Islam dinegeri atau wilayah tertentu dengan informasi yang cukup berimbangantara gerakan dan pemikiran Islam reformis dan tradisionalis. Duabab membicarakan dunia Arab, satu bab tentang Arab Selatan denganpenekanan khusus pada Mesir dan Arab Saudi, dan satu bab tentangnegeri Maghribi, termasuk Maroko. Bab tentang Asia Selatan terfokuspada Pakistan dan India. Ada juga bab tentang negeri-negeri muslimIran, Turki, Indonesia, dan Malaysia. Lainnya adalah bab tentangAmerika Serikat dan Eropa. Bab tentang Eropa memberikan perhatiankhusus pada Perancis karena memiliki penduduk Muslim terbesar diEropa dan wacana reformisnya sudah demikian maju. Adapun bagianpendahuluan (2009: 3-32) dan penutup yang disertai harapan (2009:287-298), ditulis oleh editornya sendiri, Shireen T. Hunter. Editor jugamenulis satu bab tentang diskursus reformis Islam yang berlangsung diIran
INDONESIAS FUEL SUBSIDY A SAD HISTORY OF MASSIVE POLICY FAILURE Howard Dick
Masyarakat Indonesia Vol 39, No 2 (2013): Majalah Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Indonesia
Publisher : Kedeputian Bidang Ilmu Sosial dan Kemanusiaan (IPSK-LIPI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/jmi.v39i2.618

Abstract

In her path-breaking economic history of Indonesia, A History of MissedOpportunities, Anne Booth aptly summarizes the sad history of fuel policy inIndonesia since 1980. The escalation of fuel subsidies whenever there is an upwardtrend in international prices and the failure to terminate them when prices fall shouldalert economists to some very discomforting messages. First, governments are notreceptive to policy measures that involve short-term political pain and have very littleawareness or interest in opportunity cost. Second, while governments pay lip serviceto the environment and express concern about global warming, they are not yet willingto make it a policy priority. Third, populism is the very essence of politics and hasbecome more so in the democratic era. The lesson of history is that governmentscannot be trusted to set energy prices. Nor is there any good reason to do so. Whatgovernments should do is to monitor the prices being set by Pertamina as a stateowned monopoly and provide temporary welfare support if and when it can be justifiedby any sudden escalation in domestic prices.Keywords: Fuel subsidy, Oil price, Pertamina.

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