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Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26861623     DOI : https://doi.org/10.5614/crbb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology
The Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology (CRBB) encourages researchers to publish works related to the use of the biosciences and biotechnology in understanding the world around us. From Health and Medicine to Advanced Materials, these state-of-the-art research offer novel insights in a multidisciplinary environment. We encourage scientists to submit papers focusing on the following broad topics: Health and Medicine Pharmaceutical Sciences Pharmacology and Toxicology Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Biotechnology Agriculture Bio-Energy Marine Sciences Advanced Materials Environmental Sciences
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 77 Documents
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Status of Paliga auratalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) as black potato pest and its control strategy using natural enemies Erniwati; Tiara Sayusti; Woro Anggraitoningsih Noerdjito
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2021.2.2/JXSO1004

Abstract

Plectranthus rotundifolius (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) is an edible tuber that is widely distributed in Asia, covers India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, and Indonesia. P. rotundifolius which is commonly called black potato in Indonesia is potential to be developed for national food diversification due to its high carbohydrates. However, one of the challenges in black potato cultivation is the existence of leaf-eating caterpillar. This study was aimed to evaluate the status of Paliga auratalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) larva as an insect pest in black potato plant and to develop the control strategy by using parasitoid as the natural enemies. Observation and collection of P. auratalis and other potential insect pests were conducted in 12 black potato plantations located in five provinces of Java Island. The life cycle of P. auratalis was observed in the laboratory of Zoology Division, Research Centre for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Science. Rearing of unhealthy P. auratalis larvae was also conducted to observe the parasitoid. We identified five moth larvae species infested black potato plants i.e.: Argyrograma sp., Pycnarmon cribata, Pleuroptya punctimarginalis, Rehimena diemenalis, and Paliga auratalis. Our results showed that P. auratalis larva is the main insect pest in Java Island with the serious attack status and black potato was recorded as a new host plant. Paliga auratalis spend its lifecycle from eggs to adults between 25 – 32 days with the total eggs about 60-80 per female individual. We also identified two parasitic wasps as the parasitoid of P.auratalis i.e.: Cryptopimpla sp. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and Aspanteles sp. (Lepidoptera: Barconidae) which are potential to be a biological control agent of P. auratalis
Isolation of citronellal from Cymbopogon nardus (L) Rendle and its activity test as a burn healing in mice Yelfi Anwar; Novia Aditia Ningtiyas; Partomuan Simanjuntak
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2020.2.1/NODZ4501

Abstract

Citronellal is one of the main compounds of essential oils of Cymbopogon nardus (L) Rendle, which is the most important chemical compound in the cosmetics and pharmacy industry. This study aimed to isolate the citronellal from the essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus (L) Rendle and activity on burns in male white mice (Mus musculus (L). The isolation method used column chromatography and n-hexane-ethyl acetate as eluent (20 : 1). The isolate obtained was used to burn activity on the back of male white mice (Mus musculus (L)). The ointment formula 0.25%, 0.5% and 1% were prepared using vaseline flavum. Based on the test using thin layer chromatography with the addition of cerium sulphate as a spotting appearance, was given one spot in the 4th isolate. Based on characterization data by UV-Vis spectrum, FTIR spectrum and GC-MS chromatogram showed that F4 isolate was citronellal. Based on the results of the burn activity on all concentrations, formula 1% showed the best burn healing activity. Citronellal can be isolated from the essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus (L) Rendle and has healing activities for burns in male white mice.
Biocomposites from anaerobically digested Eichhornia crassipes ((Mart.) Solms), as an alternative solution for the post-phytoremediation process Gabriella Marsaulina; Taufik Taufikurahman; Andira Rahmawati
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2021.2.2/ZLCB2984

Abstract

Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is a plant species commonly used for phytoremediation to reduce high chromium content in tannery liquid waste in Garut, West Java. Water hyacinth materials harvested from the phytoremediation can be used for the anaerobic digestion process to produce biogas and bio-slurry. This study aimed to determine the reduction of chromium content found in water hyacinths due to the anaerobic digestion process, and utilization of bio-slurry from the anaerobic digestion process as a biocomposite material. The anaerobic digestion process was carried out for 33 d using biodigesters and the composition of the biodigesters were varied into 100% dried water hyacinths and 80% water hyacinths with the addition of 20% cow dung. The bio-slurry from the anaerobic digestion process was then used for making biocomposites with 3 different compositions, i.e., 75 and 25%; 50 and 50%; and 25 and 75% of cement and bio-slurry, respectively. The average chromium content found in water hyacinths from the phytoremediation process without anaerobic digestion process was 41.964 mg/l. The results show a reduction in the amount of chromium after the anaerobic digestion process was found in each composition of bio-slurry, which were 15.979 mg/l (100% water hyacinth) and 14.861 mg/l (80% water hyacinth + 20% cow dung). Biodigester with a composition of 80% water hyacinth + 20% cow dung produced the highest average volume of biogas which was 0.424 l. The biocomposite of 75% cement and 25% bio-slurry had the highest compressive strength value of 30.598 MPa and water absorption capacity of 37.25%. It can be concluded that biocomposite with the composition of 75% cement and 25% water hyacinth bio-slurry is promising to be used as an alternative material for buildings.
Antibacterial activity of lupeol from the bark of Dehaasia cuneate (Lauraceae) Andi Rifki Rosandy; Sumail Sidik Ode Ishak; Noor Aziiraa Sabri; Wan Yaacob Wan Ahmad; Laode Muhammad Ramadhan Al Muqarrabun
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2021.2.2/BOFY6724

Abstract

Dehaasia cuneata, locally known in Malaysia as ‘gajus hutan or pekan’, belongs to family Lauraceae. From its bark, A triterpenoid, lupeol was isolated and characterized. The chemical structure of the isolated compound was determined using spectroscopic methods, such as UV–vis, FT-IR, 1D & 2D-NMR, and ESIMS spectrometer. The isolated compound was tested against Gram-negative and positive bacteria using agar disc diffusion technique. The results showed that lupeol had a moderate inhibition zone value of 10.0±0.00 mm against Gram-negative Serratia marcescens ATCC 14756 whereas low inhibition which is 7.0±0.00 mm against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Vibrio fluvialis ATCC 33809, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ATCC 43300.
A review on community scale stationary and mobile production of biodiesel Muhammad Yusuf Abduh; Robert Manurung; Hero Jan Heeres; Noor Illi Mohamad Puad
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2021.2.2/BGXO5487

Abstract

Biodiesel has been commercially produced on a large scale, but its application is still limited primarily due to its production cost, which is relatively more expensive than that of fossil fuel. Recently, there has been an ongoing parallel development whereby biodiesel production is carried out on a community scale, including a mobile production unit of biodiesel with local input and demand. The produced biodiesel is often intended for use by the concerned local community, which greatly reduces logistics and transportation cost. A mobile biodiesel unit typically consists of biodiesel processing units placed inside a truck which can travels from one location to another particularly to the source of the feedstock. This article reviews the community scale production of biodiesel carried out in mobile biodiesel units and at fixed locations. These include pre-treatment of the feedstock such as isolation of oil from oilseeds and quality control of oil prior to the reaction unit, the reactor technology to produce crude biodiesel as well the post treatment for producing the refined biodiesel that meets the international specification. This paper also discusses the cost for producing biodiesel in a community scale particularly for the case of a mobile biodiesel unit. The production cost varies from $0.76-1.12/l. This range is still not yet competitive to the current average price of approximately $0.98/l of diesel around the world. The production cost may be reduced by applying a biorefinery concept that is economically attractive with an environmental benefit.
“Biosimilar” generic version of biologic products? M Taher; Siti Syazwani Shaari; Deny Susanti
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2021.2.2/VDXD7316

Abstract

Biosimilars are currently popular after the expiry date of patents for biological reference products have expired or soon will expire. Besides, this ‘copycat’ version of biologic products offers much lower costs as compared to the reference products, thus promoting better patient access to the treatment of certain diseases such as cancer, inflammatory diseases, skin disorders, and diabetes. This review aims to determine the differences between biosimilars and generic drugs and highlight some issues related to biosimilar products such as comparability, interchangeability, immunogenicity, extrapolation of indication, current legislation, pharmacovigilance, and naming system. Scientific sources from PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Elsevier were accessed for preparation of this review article. Biosimilars are not generic drugs as they have a larger and complex structure as compared to generic drugs. Due to that, biosimilars are highly similar but not identical to the reference products. Many regulatory authorities have authorized biosimilars under a distinct regulatory process from that of the generic drugs and subjected them to comprehensive comparability studies with their reference products (analytical, nonclinical in vitro, in vivo studies, and clinical trials). Additional evidence from interchangeability studies, extrapolation of indication studies, immunogenicity profile assessments, and pharmacovigilance studies are also beneficial to assess the efficacy, safety, and quality of the biosimilar before and/or after receiving their regulatory approval. Biosimilars are different from generic drugs due to their complexity in structure and manufacturing process. More comprehensive studies are required to ensure their benefits outweigh the risks.
The activity of bioactive compounds against several diseases by modulating autophagy Nurinanda Prisky Qomaladewi; Jae Youl Cho
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2021.2.2/WIWB7317

Abstract

Several bioactive compounds derived from Indonesia plants, such as xanthorrhizol, gingerol, and pinostrobin are the major compound in a certain plant. They have some pharmacological activities against several diseases, such as inflammation, tumor, and cancer, and modulate other mechanisms. One of them is one of programmed cell death called autophagy. The regulation involves several pathways on upstream and downstream of the autophagy mechanism and affects its activity. Each of the compound has different site of target when it comes to different case of diseases. Here we explained how the bioactive compounds regulate autophagy against several diseases.
Study of the antihypertensive peptide from soy protein hydrolysate produced by steam blasting treatment Sri Peni Wijayanti; Try Surya Anditya; Noer Laily
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2021.2.2/FRSD8574

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of steam blasting on soybeans and to evaluate the soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) resulting from steam blasting on ace inhibitory activity. Steam blasting works on the principle of heat and pressure. The research conducted begins with a process of pressure treatment and the heating time of soybeans. The pressures used were 2, 3 and 5 bar with heating time (hydrolysis) of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min for each pressure. Furthermore, the soybean resulting from steam blasting was analyzed for the degree of hydrolysis (DH), dissolved protein concentration, protein profile, and also its fractions. Then the ace inhibitory activity was performed on the SPH fraction. The results showed that the higher the pressure and the longer the heating time, the soybean colour from the steam blasting would turn dark brown due to the Maillard reaction. The value of % DH and protein solubility increase with a higher pressure. The % DH values ranged from 76 - 96%. The steam blasting process for soybeans also eliminates anti-nutritional properties and off-flavour compounds in soybeans and cuts protein into peptides/polypeptides. The fractionation results showed that the SPH fraction produced from the soybean steam blasting process had the highest ace inhibitory activity value of 68%, produced by the SPH fraction of 2 bar of 40 min steam blasting treatment. The SPH produced from the steam blasting process can potentially be a source of protein/peptides that can lower blood pressure (hypertension).
A study of genus Zingiber: the role of condiments in science Anggra Paramita; Indra Wibowo; Muhammad Insanu
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2021.3.1/CKHEYSRT

Abstract

Zingiberaceae family has been widely used as an herbal medicine from generation to generation. The literature review of Zingiber genus, which is part of Zingiberaceae, was conducted to provide information and to determine the correlation between bioactive compounds and pharmacological properties with their empirical uses. Articles about genus Zingiber were collected from online databases (e.g., Directory of Open Access Journal, PubMed, ResearchGate, ScienceDirect, and Springer), they were sorted based on inclusions criteria such as related to bioactive compounds and biological activities of the samples and also articles for the last ten years. Merely articles with DOI were reviewed. The screening process resulted in 52 reports being reviewed and grouped based on each plant's bioactive contents and pharmacological properties. The major constituents in genus Zingiber are essential oils. Therefore, the dominant activities found in this genus was related to antimicrobial and antioxidant. Furthermore, the other activities of plants were related to the bioactive compounds and their current uses. The empirical uses of these rhizomes were in line with the bioactive compounds and biological activities.
Antibacterial activity of secondary metabolites isolated from Ficus aurata (Miq.) Fruits Nurhamidah Nurhamidah; M Lutfi Firdaus; Suryati Suryati; Yosie Andriani
Current Research on Bioscences and Biotechnology Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2021.3.1/A2F9IMF6

Abstract

This research aimed to isolate chemical constituents from ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions of Ficus aurata (Miq.) fruits and investigated their antibacterial activity. Chemical constituents were separated using vacuum liquid chromatography, gravity column chromatography, and thin-layer chromatography. The structures of the isolated compounds 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (1) and β-sitosterol (2) were elucidated using various spectroscopic methods, including UV, IR, and NMR (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and DEPT). While, antibacterial activity was done using resazurin microtiter assay. These 2 compounds were first time reported from F. aurata fruit. In addition, analysis of the bioassay showed that compound 1 had a notable antibacterial activity against Gram negative (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATTC 27853), and a gram-positive bacterium (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 23235) with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.1563 µg/ml, and it indicated the same MIC as cefadroxil (positive control). Compound 2 has weak antibacterial activity compared to cefadroxil (positive control). The results found that F. aurata (Miq.) fruits metabolites have antibacterial activity and show potency as antibacterial agents. Different kinds of bacteria and assay could be needed to investigate and support its antibacterial activity in the future.

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