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Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : -     EISSN : 26861623     DOI : https://doi.org/10.5614/crbb
Core Subject : Health, Science, Agriculture, Engineering,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology
The Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology (CRBB) encourages researchers to publish works related to the use of the biosciences and biotechnology in understanding the world around us. From Health and Medicine to Advanced Materials, these state-of-the-art research offer novel insights in a multidisciplinary environment. We encourage scientists to submit papers focusing on the following broad topics: Health and Medicine Pharmaceutical Sciences Pharmacology and Toxicology Food Microbiology and Biotechnology Biotechnology Agriculture Bio-Energy Marine Sciences Advanced Materials Environmental Sciences
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 77 Documents
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The influence of chitosan on plant growth and β-sitosterol content in adventitious roots of Talinum paniculatum in NFT hydroponic cultivation system Widodo, Sinta Oktaviani Wahyu; Faizal, Ahmad; Melani, Lili
Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2024.5.2/JH7W60YM

Abstract

β-sitosterol is the most abundant type of phytosterol found in nature and it offers numerous health benefits for humans including anticancer, antidiabetic, and blood cholesterol-lowering properties. One biomass with a significant β-sitosterol content is the Javanese ginseng root (Talinum paniculatum). However, Javanese ginseng has not been fully exploited and is often perceived as a mere wild plant. This research was conducted by cultivating Javanese ginseng using the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) hydroponic method along with the addition of chitosan elicitors at various concentrations: 0, 12.5, 25, and 50 ppm. The purpose of this research was to determine the optimal chitosan concentration for the growth of Javanese ginseng, the β-sitosterol content, and the productivity of β-sitosterol in Javanese ginseng roots cultivated using the NFT hydroponic method. The research revealed that a 12.5 ppm chitosan concentration could increase the root weight by 8.785 g and the shoot weight by 88 g. The growth rate increased to 3.457 g/day and the productivity of β-sitosterol in the roots reached 25.084 mg/m2/month. On the other hand, the addition of chitosan led to a decrease in the root-to-shoot ratio, indicating an improved cultivation environment compared to cultivation without chitosan. Furthermore, the results of the research also indicated that the addition of chitosan did not affect the β-sitosterol content in the Javanese ginseng roots. Therefore, it can be concluded that the optimal chitosan concentration that positively impacts Javanese ginseng cultivated using the NFT hydroponic method is 12.5 ppm.
Antibiotic consumption and antibiotics occurrence into the environment: a case study of hospital in Metro, Lampung Fahmi, Achmad Gus; Abidin, Zaenal; Kusmana, Cecep; Noor, Erliza
Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2024.5.2/V171EKVT

Abstract

Increased antibiotic consumption has exposed bacterial communities and environmental ecosystems to large amounts of antibiotic residues derived from the excretion of irrationally consumed antibiotics. This study provides an overview of antibiotic consumption patterns in hospital inpatients and the distribution of residues released into the environment. Medical record data was used to calculate the amount of consumption from hospital inpatients, and based on the type of antibiotics that have a DU90% value, ecotoxicological risk calculations were carried out to estimate the level of danger that occurs in the environment. A total of 27 types of antibiotics were prescribed, with a total consumption of 20504.42 Kg/year. Antibiotics such as ceftriaxone, cefixime, cefadroxil, and levofloxacin are the most widely used antibiotics based on medical record data. The results of estimating the release of antibiotic residues in wastewater obtained ecotoxicological risk values for algae, invertebrates, and fish greater than one (RQs>1). This condition indicates an ecotoxicological risk at the health facility site due to the release of antibiotic residues into the river water body from the WWTP outlet. The release of antibiotic residues into the water can result in ecosystem damage and pollution of the aquatic environment.
Effects of brewing conditions and organoleptic assessment of cascara from Coffea arabica L. Endmarhuka, Alexandra; Syach, Adam Muchammad; Kumalaputri, Angelina Justina; Abduh, Muhammad Yusuf
Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2024.6.1/S39JWQW4

Abstract

The conversion of coffee cherries into coffee beans results in notable by-products, particularly coffee pulp. This by-product, such as cascara, has the potential for further valorisation to produce bioproducts with economic value, possessing high levels of antioxidants and ascorbic acid. This study aimed to determine the optimize variations in brewing conditions of Arabica (Coffea arabica L.) cascara on antioxidant activity and ascorbic acid. This study encompassed three brewing conditions, including temperature (80, 85, 90, and 95 °C), time (2, 4, 6, and 8 min), and volume (100, 150, 200, and 250 mL). The results revealed that the optimal brewing conditions in terms of antioxidant activity in Arabica cascara were brewing at a temperature of 90 °C for 2 min, using 100 mL of water while in terms of ascorbic acid content were brewing at a temperature of 80 °C for 8 min, using 250 mL of water. Subsequently, organoleptic assessments were conducted using brewing at a temperature of 90 °C for 2 min, using 200 mL of water with the mass ratio of cascara to herbal extracts (4:1, 4:2, and 4:3) including mint leaf, lychee, strawberry, and raspberry extracts. The preferred formulation for Arabica cascara tea involves brewing with a 4:1 mass ratio of cascara to mint leaf based on taste, aroma, and color. These findings provide valuable insights into the optimal brewing conditions for Arabica cascara on maximizing the antioxidant activity and ascorbic acid, and the inclusion of herbal extracts enhances its overall preference among panellists.
Potential antidepressant activity of n-hexane extract from old Areca catechu Nut by reducing depressive-like state in Swiss albino male mice Novianty, Riryn; Yuharmen; Sofiyanti, Nery; Indriani, Dwi Wahyu; Wasito, Hendri; Ya'la, Fitra Audhi
Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2024.6.1/6NKD6D9X

Abstract

Depression is a psychological disorder caused by an imbalance of neurotransmitters that can be managed with antidepressants. One of the local plants with the potential as an antidepressant is areca nut. However, its’ antidepressant effects in nonpolar solvents have not been studied recently. Equipping the extract to animals sub-chronically could mimic the clinical antidepressant treatment. Thus, the current investigation studied the antidepressant action of the hexane extract of old areca nut by utilizing acute and sub-chronic FST. This research started with extracted areca nut using n-hexane and continued with phytochemical tests. During FST, the animals were treated with n-hexane extract (50 and 100 mg/kg), fluoxetine (20 mg/kg), and saline (0.1 mL/20 g). The phytochemical test of the extract showed positive results from the content of secondary metabolites, namely saponins and steroids. n-Hexane extract at a dose of 50 mg/kg gave the best action in decreasing the immobility period. After sub-chronic medication, the secondary metabolites of the extract did not induce any toxic effects. This study’s findings imply that depression may be treated with conventional medicine, such as old areca nut extract.
High performance liquid chromatography assessment of antibiotic residues in poultry and fish feeds in Bangladesh Islam, Rafiza; Ahammad, Raju; Islam, Md. Mazharul; Shoeb, Mohammad; Mamun, Md. Iqbal Rouf
Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2024.6.1/1AWW1JOK

Abstract

The extensive use of antibiotics in animal feed in Bangladesh raises concerns in commercial poultry and fish feeds, posing risks of antibiotic resistance in the food chain. This study aimed to critically examine feed safety and quality by assessing tetracyclines (oxytetracycline, tetracycline, and chlortetracycline) and amoxicillin in commercially produced poultry and fish feeds. Fifteen feed samples from different areas in Dhaka and Gazipur were collected and subjected to extraction and analysis with a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photodiode array detection (PDA) method. The HPLC method was validated for linearity (R2>0.999), accuracy, and precision, limit of detection or LOD (0.72 to 1.77 µgkg-1) and limit of quantification or LOQ (1.77 to 3.69 µgkg-1), meeting European Union and Codex Alimentarius Commission standards. Matrix-matched calibration curves for each antibiotic in poultry and fish feeds exhibited excellent linearity. The sensitivity of the HPLC system was demonstrated through low LOD and LOQ. Results indicated moisture content 6.58-11.22% in poultry feeds and 6.58-11.02% in fish feeds, while ash content 4.42-12.83% in poultry feeds and 4.94-8.23% in fish feeds. Antibiotics were found to be below detection limits in all feed samples, suggesting their absence or levels below the maximum residue limits established by regulatory bodies. The study highlights the importance of monitoring antibiotics in feed to ensure food safety and mitigate antibiotic resistance risks. Further research on a larger scale is recommended to validate these findings and contribute to the development of robust regulatory frameworks for antibiotic use in animal feed production in Bangladesh.
A Brief Review of the Global and Indonesian Diagnostic Development for Sexual Transmitted Diseases Giri-Rachman, Ernawati Arifin; Laurelia, Jessica; Marselina Irasonia, Tan; Wardono , Niloperbowo; Anindyajati
Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2024.6.1/RIQI8H4A

Abstract

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are diseases with a high prevalence rate. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that more than 1 million STDs are transmitted every day, those diseases are chlamydia, syphillis, trichomoniasis, ghonorroea, and virus caused diseases (hepatitis B virus, immunodeficiency virus, human papillomavirus, and herpes simplex virus). Early and accurate examination and detection are important to help with the healing and control of these diseases. One of the examination methods that could be used is using the laboratory diagnostic methods which contribute to 40% to 60% of the process of diagnosing a disease. Thus, early detection not only helps control the spread of STDs but also facilitates the healing process. However, in Indonesia there are obstacles in the examination of diseases due to several factors, such as inadequate surveillance system and limited examination facilities, so that most people are undiagnosed. Therefore, this review will discuss in more depth the development of diagnostics for sexually transmitted diseases in Indonesia and globally. Global development in diagnostics is very broad and diverse, in which many diagnostic techniques has already been established. The development of diagnostic techniques has progressed rapidly from simplex assays to multiplex and also computerized assays. Diagnostic techniques in Indonesia has also developed and some of the local kits have already been in the market showing that Indonesia is already moving towards production of local diagnostics.
ERCC2 rs13181 and ERCC1 rs11615 polymorphisms in non-small cell lung cancer patients in West Java: towards personalized medicine approaches Afifah, Nadiya Nurul; Effendi, M. Fariz; Diantini, Ajeng; Barliana, Melisa Intan; Intania, Ruri
Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2025.6.2/3DCBQ451

Abstract

Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) is a disease with a high incidence rate, low survival due to late diagnosis and treatment delays, and varying effectiveness of platinum-based chemotherapy. Individual responses to platinum-based chemotherapy are influenced by genetic polymorphisms in genes affecting pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic mechanisms. This study focuses on identifying polymorphisms in the ERCC2 and ERCC1 genes, which play a role in platinum pharmacodynamics, and their effects on chemotherapy response. The study involved 23 NSCLC patients conducted at Dr. H.A. Rotinsulu Lung Hospital in Bandung. Polymorphism data were obtained through genotype analysis using sequencing methods from prospective whole blood samples of patients, while chemotherapy effectiveness was assessed by evaluating chemotherapy response using the RECIST 1.1 method, and radiological response prediction and prognostic factors were determined through CYFRA 21-1 levels. The results showed an OR of 0.964 (95% CI: 0.160 - 5.795) for ERCC2 rs13181 CC + AC vs. AA against chemotherapy response evaluation by RECIST 1.1, and 0.722 (95% CI: 0.062 - 8.464) against CYFRA 21-1 values. Meanwhile, for ERCC1 rs11615, an OR of 0.268 (95% CI: 0.046 - 1.548) CT + TT vs. CC for RECIST 1.1 and 0.3 (95% CI: 0.026 - 3.427) for CYFRA 21-1 values were obtained. In clinical interpretation, it is known that variant alleles at rs13181 and rs11615 have potential for better chemotherapy response although not statistically significant (p>0.05), these results can be considered when assessing patient response to chemotherapy within six cycles. This study provides initial data and forms the basis for future comprehensive cohort observational research.
Application of Trichoderma sp. for enhancing growth and defence mechanism of red chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivated under aluminum stress Hazimah, Nabillah; Taufikurahman, Taufik; Iriawati
Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2025.6.2/JQU3BSWW

Abstract

The extensive peatlands across Indonesia offer significant potential for cultivating food and horticultural crops, particularly red chili, a valuable commodity. However, these lands face significant challenges, including low pH levels and the presence of heavy metals, which can hinder plant growth. Heavy metals are harmful environmental pollutants that pose risks to agricultural land and plant health. Plant-microorganism interactions, like those with Trichoderma species, can boost plant growth and reduce aluminum (Al) toxicity. This study evaluated the effects of Trichoderma sp. on the growth and defense mechanisms of Tanjung variety chili plants under Al stress. The experiment used a Completely Randomized Design in factorial pattern with two factors: Trichoderma sp. at four levels (0 g, 10 g, 15 g, 30 g) and Al 0 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm). Observations included plant height, number of branches, plant dry weight, water content, total chlorophyll content, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase enzymes activity. The results indicated that 300 ppm Al reduced plant height to 14.22 ± cm, while adding 15 g Trichoderma sp. and 200 ppm Al increased plant height up to 20.2 ± 1.90 cm (control 15.14 ± 2.75 cm). 300 ppm Al reduced plant dry weight to 3.12 ± 0.12 g, but adding 15 g Trichoderma sp. increased plant dry weight to 8.29 ± 1.32 g compared to control (5.14 ± 0.46 g). The treatment of 30 g Trichoderma sp. without Al-induced increased total chlorophyll content (3.85 ± 0.9) (control 3.56 ± 0.90). Chili plants showed enhanced defence mechanism responses with higher CAT enzyme activity (27.95 ± 1.31 units/mg) when treated with 15 g of Trichoderma sp. and 300 ppm Al stress. Additionally, the application of 10 g of Trichoderma sp. under 300 ppm Al stress elevated APX enzyme activity to 0.111 ± 0.007 units/mg, and under 100 ppm Al stress. Thus, the treatment of 15 g and 30 g Trichoderma sp. effectively improved chilli plant growth and countered the adverse effects of Al stress.
Assessment of potential cellular toxicity of methylglyoxal on primary human epidermal keratinocytes Prakoso, Nurul Muhammad; Sundari, Ayu Mulia; Fadhilah; Abinawanto; Dwiranti, Astari; Bowolaksono, Anom
Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2025.6.2/JYICDMXO

Abstract

Skin is the outermost layer of the human body, which is important to prevent damage by infection, ultraviolet radiation, and toxic materials. The impermeable barrier of the skin has to be maintained via skin regeneration to preserve its essential function. However, skin regeneration declines due to decreased cell proliferation during skin aging. In this study, we investigated the role of methylglyoxal (MGO) as a precursor of advanced glycation end-products (AGE), which have been reported as an emerging threat of early aging in the skin. Previous studies reported a reduction in survival of the HaCaT cell line exposed to 500 µM MGO. However, studies on primary keratinocytes are still limited. We evaluated the viability and proliferation of primary human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKa) under the exposure of MGO. We also employed H2DCFDA assay to quantify the generation of intracellular ROS due to MGO. Our study revealed a biphasic response in which lower doses of MGO (25 and 50 µM) increased viability, while the cellular toxicity began at higher concentrations of 100, 200, and 300 µM. The proliferation assay also suggests an overall reduction of primary epidermal keratinocytes exposed to 100 and 200 µM MGO after 24 and 48 hours of culture. Increasing ROS concentrations were also observed in cells treated with 100 and 200 µM MGO. Our data suggested that a lower concentration of MGO was required to induce cellular toxicity in primary human epidermal keratinocytes compared to the HaCaT cell line reported by another study, indicating different sensitivity to MGO.
Investigating the types and mechanisms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance: why Indonesia continues to experience high case rates compared to other nations Siswanto, Melinda; Kusnadi, Angelica Laura; Armevia, Nandya Zahra; Agustin, Regita
Current Research on Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/crbb.2025.6.2/CUYYSK0G

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) cases in Indonesia have been a major issue in public health. Although antimicrobial therapies such as Isoniazid and Rifampicin are available, Indonesia still struggle to control its spread and yet to eradicate the infection. This is due to the resistance developed by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the main cause of TB, causing an increasing number of Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB). This problem exacerbates by the inadequacy of healthcare infrastructure to effectively detect and treat TB. Hence, this study is established to address the challenges and strategies for controlling TB and XDR-TB in Indonesia. The analysis involves epidemiological studies, genetic research, and public health policy reviews to identify the factors contributing to TB drug resistance and to propose targeted interventions. The findings reveal that high drug resistance and inadequate healthcare infrastructure are major barriers. Evidence-based interventions and enhanced diagnostic capacity are crucial for controlling TB in Indonesia. Socioeconomic factors like poverty and limited access to healthcare services also influence the spread of TB in Indonesia. Improving the healthcare system and addressing socioeconomic issues can help reduce TB and XDR-TB rates.

Page 7 of 8 | Total Record : 77

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