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Frangky J. Paat
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Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sam Ratulangi , Jl Kampus Bahu, Kec. Malalayang, Manado Sulawesi Utara 95115
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Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan
Published by Universitas Sam Ratulangi
ISSN : -     EISSN : 27970647     DOI : https://doi.org/10.35791/jat.v2i1.34060
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan adalah bagian dari Program Studi Agroteknologi Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sam Ratulangi Manado 95115. Bertujuan untuk mempublikasikan akumulasi dari hasil-hasil penelitian yang berhubungan dengan ilmu dan teknologi pertanian terapan (applied agrotechnology).
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 189 Documents
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Performance Measurement of the Impact of Social Return on Investment (SROI) of the Jayakarta Agro-Educational Tourism Program of PT XYZ Razak, Rizal; Matoati, Rindang; Amelia, Thamya; Septiani, Siti Vina Rahma
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan (Applied Agroecotechnology Journal) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v6i2.65887

Abstract

The impact analysis of PT XYZ Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program using the Social Return on Investment (SROI) method focuses on the company's flagship initiative, the Agro-Educational Tourism Jayakarta program, located in Jatinegara Kaum Village, Pulo Gadung District, East Jakarta. This program has been a collaboration between PT XYZ and the Rumah Kaum Jayakarta Forest Farmers Group (KTH) since 2021. The impact assessment utilized both quantitative and qualitative data collected through periodic financial reports, in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions (FGD). The SROI value of the Agro-Educational Tourism Jayakarta program was 3,58, indicating that every one rupiah invested by PT XYZ generated 3,52 rupiah of economic, social, and environmental benefits. The total net benefit, after a 15% deadweight adjustment, amounted to Rp4.928.800.674 over the 2021–2023 period. The identified benefits include: (a) enhanced horticultural cultivation skills, (b) increased income from horticultural product sales, (c) strengthened social capital such as cohesion and solidarity, (d) reduced organic and inorganic waste through maggot cultivation and creative recycling, and (e) the emergence and dissemination of environmental awareness movements. The total CSR investment under the empowerment category for this program reached Rp1.399.345.270 over three years (2021–2023). The Agro-Educational Tourism Jayakarta program effectively addressed local waste management challenges by establishing an integrated waste management system to minimize waste generation, environmental degradation, flood risk, and disease. The program also introduced an innovative system that transformed waste into a savings-based investment tool, integrating it with environmental preservation through fun-learning-based educational tourism packages designed to foster "Earth Guardians" in Jatinegara Kaum Village. The program's novelty lies in its combination of (a) cultural and religious tourism centered on Prince Jayakarta, (b) agro-education applying fun learning methods for horticulture and waste management, (c) waste processing through maggot cultivation, composting, and creative recycling, and (d) creative economic development through waste banking and the facilitation of the Jayakarta Joint Business Group (KUBE) to support local MSMEs. From a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) perspective, Agro-Educational Tourism Jayakarta contributes to reducing Global Warming Potential (GWP) through waste processing that lowers methane (CH₄) emissions and tree planting efforts supporting Net Zero Emission (NZE) initiatives. The program achieved tangible outcomes, including: reduction of 9,3 tons/year of inorganic waste and 5,4 tons/year of organic waste, mitigation of 221,55 kg of CH₄ and 7.532,7 kg CO₂-eq emissions, an average income of Rp99.600.000/year per KTH member, increased social cohesion, a membership growth from 33 to 47 members, and engagement of 23 potential Bank Sampah replication customers in Duren Sawit District. Keywords: SROI; Agro-Educational Tourism; CSR; Social Impact; PT XYZ
Moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) Seed Powder as a Bioadsorbent for Heavy Metals in Community Gold Mine Effluent: Implications for Agricultural Water Use Wantasen, Sofia; Tumbelaka, Selvie; Lumingkewas, Adeleyda M. W.; Paat, Frangky J.
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan (Applied Agroecotechnology Journal) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v6i2.65932

Abstract

Gold mining in rural areas can contaminate rivers and canals that are also used for irrigation, creating risks for agricultural water use. This study evaluated Moringa oleifera seed powder as a low-cost bioadsorbent to improve community gold mine wastewater in Bolaang Mongondow Timur, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Effluent collected at the mine outlet was treated in batch with moringa seed powder at 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 g L⁻¹. Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Hg were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry before and after treatment, and summarized together with removal efficiencies and Indonesian effluent standards. A dose of 0.5 g L⁻¹ gave the best apparent reduction for Cd and Cu, while Pb and Hg responded best at higher doses; Cr was only weakly affected, consistent with the limited removal of anionic Cr(VI) by unmodified biosorbents. Overall, moringa seed powder reduced the levels of several cationic metals. It may help lower heavy-metal loads entering agricultural water systems. Still, the non-replicated, descriptive nature of the data means that further replicated and field-based studies are needed before routine irrigation use can be recommended. Keywords: Moringa oleifera; bioadsorbent; gold mine wastewater; heavy metals; irrigation water quality
Integration Of Local Leafy Forage In Smallholder Pig Farming And Its Implications For The Nutritional Quality Of Pork Jerky With Added Subcutaneous Fat Rotinsulu, Merri D.; Hadju, R; Manangkot, H. S.; Sakul, Syalom; Lontaan, Nova
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan (Applied Agroecotechnology Journal) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v6i2.65948

Abstract

Integrating locally produced leafy forage into smallholder pig systems may influence the nutritional quality of value-added meat products. This study evaluated pork jerky manufactured with different levels of added subcutaneous fat using carcasses from pigs raised in smallholder farms where local leafy forage formed part of the diet. Leafy forage and jerky were characterised by proximate analysis. A completely randomized design with five treatments (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% added subcutaneous fat; R0–R4) and five replications was used. Increasing added fat from 0 to 40% reduced jerky moisture (40.10 to 32.80%), ash (9.92 to 5.42%) and crude protein (41.21 to 24.67%), while crude fat (8.19 to 28.44%) and carbohydrate by difference (0.58 to 8.67%) increased markedly (P < 0.05). Thus, subcutaneous fat level is a major lever for modifying the energy density and macronutrient profile of pork jerky. From an agricultural systems perspective, these findings illustrate how carcass utilisation and simple on-farm processing can add value to pigs fed partly on local leafy forage and support small-scale agroindustry. Moderate fat inclusion appears to offer a practical compromise between maintaining protein content and enhancing sensory attributes. Keywords: Pork jerky; subcutaneous fat; leafy forage; smallholder pig farming; proximate composition; crop–livestock integration
Incidence of Yellow Virus Disease in Chili Pepper Plants (Capsicum frutescens L.) in East Tombatu District, Southeast Minahasa Regency Pinaria, Arthur Gehart; Rondonuwu, Frans Bernhard; Satiman, Utari
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan (Applied Agroecotechnology Journal) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v6i2.65949

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to ascertain the incidence of diseases in the chili plant population in East Tombatu District, Southeast Minahasa Regency, caused by the yellow virus that affects plants in terms of area. The sample garden is at least half a hectare in size. Purposive sampling was used to choose the sample gardens, and the survey was only done once. Five subplots, one in the center of the garden and one close to each corner, were used for sampling in each chili garden (plot). The quantity of individual plants, or sample units, in each subplot. The number of samples represents 20% of the total number of plants. The findings revealed that the melompar atas garden had the highest prevalence of yellow viral disease in cayenne pepper (100%), followed by Mundung (180.91%), esandom (80%), Malam part 2 (8.80%), and jumping (141.88%). The incidence of this illness rose as the plant grew older after being planted. Further study ideas include inventorying B. tabachi hosts, inventorying gemini virus hosts, and applying natural farming to reduce cayenne pepper infections. Keywords: Yellow Virus, Incidence, Capsicum frutescens. Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keseringan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus kuning yang menyerang tanaman dalam aspek luasan pada populasi tanaman cabai di Kecamatan Tombatu Timur, Kabupaten Minahasa Tenggara. Kebun sampel berukuran minimal 0,5 ha. Pemilihan kebun sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling, dan dan survei hanya dilakukan satu kali. Sampling pada setiap kebun (plot) cabe dilakukan pada lima subplot (setiap dekat sudut kebun satu plot dan satu subplot di tengah kebun).  Jumlah unit contoh (individu tanaman) per subplot. Jumlah  sampel ialah 20 % dari jumlah tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa insidensi penyakit virus kuning pada cabe rawit tertinggi terdapat di kebun melompar atas 100% diikuti oleh Mundung 180,91% esandom 80% Malam part 2 6 8,80% dan melompat 141,88% insidensi Penyakit ini makin tinggi seiring dengan makin tingginya umur tanaman sesudah tanam. Penelitian lanjutan yang disarankan ialah: inventarisasi inang-inang B. tabachi, menginventarisasi inang-inang gemini virus dan penerapan natural farming untuk mengendalikan patogen cabe rawit secara sekaligus. Kata-Kata Kunci: Virus Kuning, Insidensi, Capsicum frutescens
Monitoring Of Aquatic Insects As Bioindicators Of River Pollution Gurning, Aksay K.; Wantasen, Sofia; Moniaga, Wilson M.; Watung, Jackson F.; Turang, Deflly A. S.
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan (Applied Agroecotechnology Journal) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Aquatic insects serve as reliable indicators for water quality. This study aims to monitor and identify various types of aquatic insects as bioindicators of pollution found in the Kali Pineleng River, Pineleng District, Minahasa Regency. Sampling was carried out using kick sampling, hand picking, and sweeping techniques at three Sosongian River stations. The process of identifying aquatic insects used the identification key of McCafferty (1981); Morse et al (1994); Yule & Y. Hoi Sen (2004). After identification, the data obtained were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively using the biotic index formula and diversity index. The results of the study found eight orders of aquatic insects with a total of 263 individuals from 24 families. The Hemiptera order dominates the number of individuals, followed by Ephemeroptera and Trichoptera. Sampling was conducted at three stations showing variations in composition and number of specimens, with Station II having the largest number of individuals. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) showed a value of 1.45341, indicating moderate diversity in the aquatic insect community. In addition, the calculation of the Biotic Index (BI) at the three stations showed that the water quality was classified as "Good", reflecting the condition of the ecosystem that still supports the life of macroinvertebrates that are sensitive to pollution. Keywords: Monitoring, aquatic insects, bioindicator, river pollution Abstrak. Serangga air berfungsi sebagai indikator yang dapat diandalkan untuk kualitas air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memantau dan mengidentifikasi berbagai jenis serangga air sebagai bioindikator pencemaran yang ditemukan di Sungai Kali Pineleng, Kecamatan Pineleng, Kabupaten Minahasa. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan menggunakan teknik kick sampling, hand picking, dan sweeping di tiga stasiun Sungai Sosongian. Proses identifikasi serangga air menggunakan kunci identifikasi McCafferty (1981); Morse et al (1994); Yule & Y. Hoi Sen (2004). Setelah identifikasi, data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif dan kuantitatif menggunakan rumus indeks biotik dan indeks keanekaragaman. Hasil penelitian menemukan delapan ordo serangga air dengan total 263 individu dari 24 famili. Ordo Hemiptera mendominasi jumlah individu, diikuti oleh Ephemeroptera dan Trichoptera. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di tiga stasiun yang menunjukkan variasi komposisi dan jumlah spesimen, dengan Stasiun II memiliki jumlah individu terbanyak. Indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H’) menunjukkan nilai 1,45341, yang mengindikasikan keanekaragaman moderat pada komunitas serangga air. Selain itu, perhitungan Indeks Biotik (BI) di tiga stasiun menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air diklasifikasikan sebagai "Baik", mencerminkan kondisi ekosistem yang masih mendukung kehidupan makroinvertebrata yang sensitif terhadap polusi. Kata kunci: Pemantauan, serangga air, bioindikator, polusi sungai
Response Of Liquid Organic Fertilizer Concentration Levels on The Growth and Yield of Three Varieties of Pakchoy (Brassica rapa L.) Seftiani, Rani; Laila, Alfu; Rumbiak, Julio Eiffelt Rossaffelt; Sulistyorini , Endang
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan (Applied Agroecotechnology Journal) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v7i1.66113

Abstract

Pakchoy production in Indonesia has declined due to excessive use of inorganic fertilizers and suboptimal cultivation practices, necessitating the adoption of alternative fertilization methods, such as liquid organic fertilizer (LOF), which can improve soil structure, provide readily available nutrients, and enhance plant growth. This study aimed to determine the effects of varying concentrations of Infarm LOF on the growth and yield of three pakchoy (Brassica rapa L.) varieties to identify the most effective combination for cultivation. The Research was conducted from September to November 2025 in the home yard area of Kp. Cibuah, Cibuah Village, Warunggunung District, Lebak Regency, Banten, using a randomized block design with two factors: LOF concentration and pakchoy varieties. LOF concentration levels were P0 (no LOF), P1 (3 mL/L), P2 (6 mL/L), and P3 (9 mL/L), while varieties included (V1 = Nauli F1, V2 = Flamingo, and V3 = Green). The results showed that P1 (3 mL/L) produced the best growth performance, indicated by plant height and fresh shoot weight. The Nauli F1 variety showed the best growth response across most parameters. In addition, a significant interaction between Infarm LOF concentration and pakchoy varieties was observed for leaf number and leaf greenness. Keywords: Infarm, Pakchoy, Concentration level, Variety
Horizontal Diversification with Cayenne Pepper and Tomato and Its Farm Income Implications in North Sulawesi, Indonesia Rori, Yolanda P. I.; Lumingkewas, Jelly R. D.; Sondakh, Mex Frans L.; Benu, Noortje Marsellanie
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan (Applied Agroecotechnology Journal) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): ISSUE JULY-DECEMBER 2025
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v6i2.66119

Abstract

Cayenne pepper and tomato are important horticultural crops for smallholder farmers in North Sulawesi, Indonesia, yet their role within horizontally diversified farming systems is not well documented. This study analyses horizontal crop diversification as a strategy for strengthening household economies in Taraitak Satu Village, North Langowan District, Minahasa Regency. An exploratory case-study design was used, combining descriptive quantitative and qualitative approaches. Primary data were collected through structured interviews with ten purposively selected farmers who simultaneously cultivated cayenne pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) on the same land during one production season. Information on land area, input use, production costs, yields, prices, revenues and capital sources was used to construct farm budgets for the diversified system. The results show that most farmers operate on less than 0.5 ha, yet the combined cayenne–tomato system generates relatively high net farm income. Total production cost for the ten farmers amounted to IDR 120,428,163, while total revenue reached IDR 905,842,000, resulting in a total net income of IDR 785,413,837. Individual net incomes ranged from IDR 21,965,000 to IDR 195,007,000 per season, with an average of about IDR 78.5 million per farmer. Some farmers relied on formal bank credit to finance input purchases and labour, reflecting the link between diversification and access to capital. The findings suggest that horizontal diversification with cayenne pepper and tomato can provide substantial income under favourable conditions, although the small sample size and single-season data mean that results should be interpreted as indicative rather than generalisable. Keywords: horizontal diversification; cayenne pepper; tomato; farm income; smallholder farmers.
Spatial Dynamics and Economic Drivers of Paddy Field Conversion in South Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi, Indonesia Rotinsulu, Wiske Chriesti; Pakasi, Sandra Engelin; Waney, Nordy Fritsgerald Lucky
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan (Applied Agroecotechnology Journal) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v7i1.66183

Abstract

Cropped paddy fields threaten rice self-sufficiency and rural livelihoods in many parts of Indonesia. This study examines the spatial dynamics and economic drivers of paddy field conversion in South Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi, focusing on Tumpaan and Tatapaan Districts. Spatial analysis of land-use data for 2019 and 2024 was combined with farm-level surveys of 30 farmers and comparative farm-budget analysis for irrigated rice and four alternative crops (melon, watermelon, chilli and patchouli). The results show substantial paddy field loss, with net reductions of approximately 160.749 ha in Tumpaan and 82.68 ha in Tatapaan over the study period. Farm-budget comparisons indicate that irrigated rice on 0.62 ha yields only a small positive net cash income, whereas melon and watermelon on 1 ha each and chilli on 0.60 ha generate very high net cash returns in the observed season; patchouli, by contrast, is clearly unprofitable. Farmer interviews highlight high production costs and low margins for rice, labour shortages, difficulties in accessing fertiliser, deteriorating irrigation infrastructure and attractive market opportunities for horticultural crops as key drivers of conversion. The findings suggest that paddy field protection policies will remain ineffective if they are not accompanied by measures that improve the profitability and reliability of rice farming while recognising farmers’ rational responses to income opportunities from alternative crops. Keywords: paddy field conversion; farm income; horticultural crops; spatial analysis
Development and Performance Evaluation of a Low-Cost, Energy-Efficient Air Fryer Prototype Using Incandescent Bulb Heating for Oil-Free Food Processing Lamaega, Jolanda Ch. E.; Paat, Frangky J.; Sintaro, Sanriomi Sintaro; Saroinsong, Denny
Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Terapan (Applied Agroecotechnology Journal) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): ISSUE JANUARY-JUNE 2026
Publisher : Sam Ratulangi University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/jat.v7i1.66252

Abstract

Oil-free cooking technologies are increasingly important for promoting healthier diets, reducing dependency on volatile oil markets, and enabling sustainable food processing—particularly in rural and resource-constrained environments. This study presents the design and evaluation of a low-cost air fryer prototype powered by incandescent bulbs (60–150 W), constructed using locally available materials. Thermal performance testing showed that the prototype achieved stable chamber temperatures up to 115 °C, enabling effective oil-free frying of potato slices, banana slices, and chicken nuggets. Frying performance, measured through cooking time, moisture reduction, and sensory evaluation, demonstrated acceptable product quality with significant energy savings: only 25–75 Wh per cycle, roughly one-tenth the energy use of conventional commercial air fryers. The prototype also offers potential as a multifunctional device for dehydration and defrosting, supporting broader postharvest applications in smallholder agritech. These results highlight a promising pathway for low-power, low-cost, and sustainable food processing technologies suitable for deployment in rural communities. Future work will focus on optimizing performance, expanding product capabilities, and validating user acceptance in real-world agritech settings. Keywords: Low-power Air fryer, incandescent bulb heating, oil-free cooking, energy-efficient food processing, sustainable technology.

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