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Mu'tashim Billah
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Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : 23027355     EISSN : 28091019     DOI : -
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Social,
Religion Humanities Social Sciences
Al-Mazaahib adalah jurnal pemikiran hukum milik Jurusan Perbandingan Mazhab dan Hukum, Fakultas Syari’ah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. Al-Mazaahib merupakan jurnal yang berisi atau memuat karya-karya ilmiah yang terkait dengan pemikiran-pemikiran di bidang hukum, baik hukum umum (positif) maupun hukum Islam. Keberadaan Jurnal Al-Mazaahib ini tentu sangat penting dalam menggali, memperkaya, dan mengembangkan pemikiran dan teori-teori hukum. Dengan demikian, Jurnal Al-Mazaahib ini akan memberikan kontribusi positif dalam memperkaya khazanah pemikiran di bidang hukum, baik hukum Islam maupun hukum positif.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 177 Documents
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DISKRESI PEMBERIAN STATUS KEWARGANEGARAAN TERHADAP ARCANDRA TAHAR OLEH MENTERI HUKUM DAN HAM DALAM PERSPEKTIF SIYASAH DUSTŪRIYYAH Sudarti, Sudarti
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (169.08 KB) | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v8i1.2213

Abstract

Diskresi yang dikeluarkan oleh Kementerian Hukum dan HAM melalui Surat Keputusan Menteri Hukum dan HAM nomor AHU-1 AH.10.01 Tahun 2016 tentang Kewarganegaraan Republik Indonesia atas nama Arcandra Tahar menimbulkan pro dan kontra di kalangan masyarakat karena dinilai bertentangan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan kewarganegaraan Indonesia. Menteri Hukum dan HAM memberikan status kewarganegaraan kepada Arcandra Tahar yang berstatus sebagai stateless dengan alasan untuk memberikan perlindungan maksimum, namun diskresi tersebut justru tidak mengindahkan ketentuan perundang-undangan sebagai payung hukum bagi penyelenggara negara dalam mengambil keputusan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis diskresi Menteri Hukum dan HAM tersebut dengan menggunakan siyasah dusturiyyah. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian pustaka dengan metode deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Surat Keputusan Menteri Hukum dan HAM bernomor AHU1 AH.10.01 Tahun 2016 tentang Kewarganegaraan Republik Indonesia atas nama Arcandra Tahar telah melanggar prinsipprinsip dalam siyasah dusturiyyah.
KANUNISASI HUKUM ISLAM DI INDONESIA (Perspektif Usul al-Fiqh) Afandi, Mohammad
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 1 No. 1 (2012): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (534.409 KB) | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v1i1.1343

Abstract

There is a lot of controversy about the canonization of the Islamic law in Indonesia which invites many of the muslim scholars, especially those who obtain education in formal institutions and those who receive it in traditional ones. Thanks to this long debate, the discourse of the canonization not only becomes a sensitive national issue but also has a practical effect all of the Indonesian muslim people feel, that is, there are some of Islamic acts such as the act of the marriage and the act of the heritage which are adopted as parts of the state law like KHI and number 41 of 2004‟s act about waqaf. Henceforth this discourse of canonization spreads more and more broadly, so that the syari‟a-based economic system is regarded as one of the definitive and effective solutions to overcome the economic crisis.Using the Islamic jurisprudence as an approach, this research tends to find out and set a pattern of the development of future formulation of Islamic law in Indonesia by posing an academic question as to in what fields the canonization can be done. As the result, we can organize Islamic laws or norms around three themes: (1) norms that in practice are under individual‟s authority; (2) norms that in practice are under people‟s authority; (3) norms that in practice are under state‟s authority. Only in the last norm, including the family law, the civil law, the law of politic,the law of judgment, and the criminal law, can the canonization of the Islamic law be done.
PENENTUAN AWAL BULAN KAMARIAH STUDI PERBANDINGAN TAREKAT NAQSABANDIYAH PAUH, KOTA PADANG DENGAN TAREKAT NAQSABANDIYAH BABUSSALAM, LANGKAT Maulana, Muhammad Fikri
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i1.1531

Abstract

Problematika penentuan awal bulan Kamariah kerap menimbulkan perbedaan dalam penentuannya. Perbedaan penentuannya tidak hanya terjadi pada ormas besar yang ada di Indonesia, seperti Muhammadiyah dan Nahdlatul Ulama, perbedaan juga muncul pada aliran-aliran tarekat yang diyakini oleh sebagian masyarakat Indonesia, salah satunya Tarekat Naqsabandiyah di Pauh, kota Padang dan Tarekat Naqsabandiyah di Babussalam, Langkat meski berasal dari satu tarekat yang sama. Perbedaan tempat, sejarah, dan guru-guru Tarekat Naqsabandiyah memberi pengaruh terhadap perbedaan metode yang digunakan oleh kedua tarekat di dua tempat berbeda ini. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui metode yang digunakan oleh Tarekat Naqsabandiyah Pauh, kota Padang dan Tarekat Naqsabandiyah Babussalam, Langkat dan metode pengambilan hukum yang digunakan dalam metode penentuan awal bulan Kamariah.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP ANAK Annas, Gilang Kresnanda
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i2.1483

Abstract

Anak merupakan anugrah dari Tuhan YME, yang didalamnya melekat harkat dan martabat sebagai sosok manusia yang seutuhnya. Setiap anak dalam masa pertumbuhannya harus mendapatkan pemenuhan akan hak-hak yang melekat pada dirinya dan mendapatkan perlindungan hukum. Sebagai Negara hukum, pemerintah melalui keppres Nomor 36 Tahun 1990 telah memberikan ruang gerak yang lebih dalam proses perlindungan terhadap hak-hak anak. Namun pada kennyataanya masalah perlindungan anak masih jauh dari kata sempurna. Masih banyak anak-anak yang tidak mendapatkan pemenuhan akan hak-haknya dan tidak mendapatkan keadilan khususnya menyangkut perlindungan terhadap anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum. Penanganan anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum harus berdasar pada “Setiap anak berhak atas kelangsungan hidup, tumbuh dan berkembang serta berhak atas perlindungan dari kekerasan dan diskriminasi”. Pelaksanaan perlindungan hukum kepada anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum memiliki prinsip “the best Interest for the child” yang bermakna bahwa setiap tindakan/keputusan yang hendak diambil maka kepentingan terbaik bagi anak harus menjadi pertimbangan utama. Apabila perlu diberikan sanksi maka penjatuhan sanksi yang tepat  dengan didukung melalui proses penyelesaian sebagaian perkara anak diarahkan dengan pengembangan diversi dan  restorative justice                   Konsep diversi dan restorative justice merupakan sebuah cara baru untuk menghindarkan anak yang berhadapan dengan hukum untuk keluar dari Sistem Peradilan Pidana. Diversi dan restorative justice dapat dilakukan dengan syarat bahwa perbuatan tersebut diancam dengan pidana dibawah 7 Tahun dan bukan merupakan pengulangan tindak pidana.
PENETAPAN USIA PERKAWINAN DI INDONESIA DAN (WILAYAH PERSEKUTUAN) MALAYSIA Menelusri Latar Belakang Filosofis dan Metode yang Digunakan Agustin, Inneke Wahyu
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i1.1528

Abstract

Perkawinan dilaksanakan untuk membentuk keluarga yang kekal, bahagia dan sejahtera. Faktor psikologis maupun  fisiologis dari masing-masing mempelai dapat mempengaruhi keberlangsungan rumah tangganya. Dengan demikian sangatlah perlu adanya pembatasan usia untuk melangsungkan perkawinan. Oleh karena itu, kajian-kajian pembaharuan hukum keluarga di negara-negara Islam salah satunya membahas mengenai penentuan batas usia perkawinan. Indonesia mempunyai ketentuan mengenai batas usia perkawinan yaitu 19 tahun bagi laki-laki dan 16 tahun bagi perempuan. Sedangkan di Malaysia khususnya di wilayah persekutuan menetapkan batas usia perkawinan bagi laki-laki 18 tahun dan bagi perempuan 16 tahun. Indonesia dan Malaysia merupakan negara di Asia Tenggara yang penduduknya mayoritas beragama Islam dan bermazhab Syafi’i. Artikel ini akan menelusuri latar belakang filosofis serta metode yang digunakan untuk menetapkan batas usia perkawinan di Indonesia dan Malaysia.
MAQASID SYARIAH DAN PEMBANGUNAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA Kurniawan, Robby
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i2.1539

Abstract

Human rights, must be recognized, is a term that still debated in Islamic studies until now. This stems from the repetition statements: Human Rights (UDHR) are not born from the womb of Islam. This article attempts to find a way out of the complexity of the debate, with questions; How to build a conceptual relationship between sharia, as the concept of Islamic law, with Human Rights? The question about "relation" is more significant than "imposing" the concept of human rights on the concept of sharia. In order to create these relationships, the first thing to do is to realize that each term is a separate concept, which has its own basic deception as well. Instead, both have in common with each other. Such is the benefit and the essence of life. This point of commonality becomes a bridge that allows them to complement, and build, each other. This is where the maqasid shariah becomes inevitable in the study of Islam. Itbecomes the explanation of the connectedness of Islamic studies with other concept, in this case, Human Rights. The explanation aboutmaqasid shariah in this article is limited to the concept of maqasid Jasser Auda and Abdullahi Ahmad an-Naim. The first name is closely aligned in contemporary maqasid discourse with the system approach. While the second name, although not classified on the Maqasid figure, but has an important viewof the prospects of sharia progress.Auda offers optimization of cognition features; wholeness; openess; interelated hierarchy; multidimensionality, all of which are connected in purposefullness features. Along with that, an-Naim advocated an emphasis on the need for universal verses of Makkiyah adopted in Islamic law, other than Madaniyah. He also said, public reason is an important keyword that should not be forgotten by the law and policy formulator. In establishing the conceptual relationship between shariah and human rights, the concepts of Auda and an-Naim will be used to read three important aspects of sharia, namely, definition, source reading method, and ijtihad process to discover the truth of the law. The conclusion is that the conceptual relationship between the two can only be built by emphasizing three main points, they are 1) Changing the concept of sharia closed to the concept of open sharia with the discourse of contemporary; 2) Increase the sources of Islamic law which will be used by the Mujtahids, by input the human values as one of the things that must be considered and inspired in arrange legal products; 3) The sources of sharia should be read in such a way as to take into account the aspect of the human istidrak which cannot be detached from it.
Islamic Justice in Indonesia Polygamy Regulation on Asghar Ali Engineer’s Perspective Mayasari, Lutfiana Dwi; Cahya, Akmal Adi; Agustina, Ulfa Wulan
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v9i1.2292

Abstract

Indonesia has formulated the regulation of polygamy. Those regulations did not provide a contextual justice, especially towards women, at least if it viewed from some perspective. This research tries to measure the justice on those regulations on Asghar Ali engineer’s perspective of justice. This article is library research which use a normative and qualitative approach along with triangulation as collecting data method. Based on this article discussion, we find a conclusion that Indonesia provides the women/wife a chance to participate in the session process. Indonesia arranged that the wife’s agreement is one of requirement for husband to demand polygamy before the court. Therefore, in the view of Asghar, marriage law of Indonesia respect towards women if it regulation obeyed by the judge. In his view, justice for weak-side is the basis and fundamental teachings of Islam. The justice referred to him, is substantive justice, not just justice in the text.
SANKSI PIDANA TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN MINUMAN KERAS Jumaylia, Rofiqoh
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i1.1529

Abstract

Perdagangan minuman keras telah menjadi profesi baru saat ini. Problematika tentang minuman keras tidak pernah surut pemberitahuannya melalui media cetak dan media elektronik. Korban yang berjatuhan terus meningkat dari waktu ke waktu. Minuman keras dapat beredar di kalangan masyarakat karena ada penyalurnya, seperti pedagang atau penjualnya. Hal tersebut mengakibatkan meningkatnya korban akibat minuman keras, baik dari tingkat usia maupun dari berbagai derajat sosial. Kriminalitas yang terjadi dapat berupa pemerkosaan, kasus kekerasan seksual terhadap anak (pedofilia),kerusuhan, tawuran, sampai pada kasus overdosis miras yang mengakibatkan kematian. Oleh karena itu, sebuah sanksi dan penegak hukum adalah suatu rangkaian yang menjadi titik kunci untuk menjadi problem soulving dalam permasalahan ini. Dalam hukum pidana positif, menentukan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku tindak pidana perdagangan minuman keras sesuai yang tercantum di dalam pasal 204 KUHP yang menentukan pidana penjara paling lama 15 tahun. Sedangkan di dalam hukum pidana Islam, hukuman yang diberikan akan ditetapkan berdasarkan keputusan penguasa atau hakim pada saat itu. Di dalam hukum pidana Islam, tindak pelanggaran ini termasuk dalam jarimah ta’zir yaitu jenis jarimah dan hukuman yang belum ada ketentuannya di dalam nash.
WASIAT WAJIBAH DAN PERKEMBANGAN PENERAPANNYADALAM PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG Halim, Abdul
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i2.1555

Abstract

Wasiat wajibah in Article 209 of KHI which is different from the wasiat wajibah existing in other Islamic countries as stated above, in the perspective of ushul fiqh (istihsan) does not violate the provisions of Islamic inheritance law because adopted children and adoptive parents remain positioned not as heirs. The right’s granting to them through a wasiat wajibah that does not exceed 1/3 solely to accommodate local wisdom and to maintain the sense of justice of Indonesian Islamic society. The reconstruction of wasiat wajibah by the Supreme Court to resolve new cases confronted to them by applying the legislative approach with the legal discovery method that is grammatical interpretation method, teleological/sociological interpretation, and argumentum per analogium/analogy in the perspective of ushul fiqh do not violate lugawiyah and ma'nawiyah rules. This reconstruction is very necessary to ensure the certainty and unity of law in accordance with the conditions of the needs and legal awareness of Muslims in Indonesia.
Kritik Atas Peraturan Wali Nikah Dalam KHI dan Fikih Perspektif Gender Is Ashidiqie, Mughni Labib Ilhamuddin
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v9i1.2304

Abstract

The guardian is one of the pillars that must be fulfilled in marriage contract. In its practice, it is deemed necessary for reconstruction due to the provisions of marriage guardian stipulated in Article 20 Paragraph (1) in Islamic Law Compilation reflect provisions that are gender biased and irrelevant to conventions ratified by the Indonesia government, because only men’s right to be marriage guardian. This article is intended to critically examine the provisions of the guardian of marriage of the Compilation of Islamic Law. This article is a literature study using descriptive-analytical research methods. The subject of this research is women's rights in the concept of marriage guardian. The approach used in the effort to critique and reconstruct women's rights as marriage guardians is the principle of gender justice. This article considers that reconstructing the idea concerning one’s right to become a marriage guardian is not something that is impossible to do. This is because the point by which only men have the right to become marriage guardian was stated by scholars, Syafi'i mazhab, was determined based on the socio-cultural conditions of the community. Back then, women were considered as lesser than men in many terms, and this was of course different from the condition of women today. That is, the parameter in determining the right of a person to be a marriage guardian is the ability to act perfectly. If so, then adult women today can become marriage guardian, as they are currently able to act perfectly (kāmil al-Ahliyyah).

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