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Mu'tashim Billah
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Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : 23027355     EISSN : 28091019     DOI : -
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Social,
Religion Humanities Social Sciences
Al-Mazaahib adalah jurnal pemikiran hukum milik Jurusan Perbandingan Mazhab dan Hukum, Fakultas Syari’ah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. Al-Mazaahib merupakan jurnal yang berisi atau memuat karya-karya ilmiah yang terkait dengan pemikiran-pemikiran di bidang hukum, baik hukum umum (positif) maupun hukum Islam. Keberadaan Jurnal Al-Mazaahib ini tentu sangat penting dalam menggali, memperkaya, dan mengembangkan pemikiran dan teori-teori hukum. Dengan demikian, Jurnal Al-Mazaahib ini akan memberikan kontribusi positif dalam memperkaya khazanah pemikiran di bidang hukum, baik hukum Islam maupun hukum positif.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 177 Documents
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HUKUM BADAL HAJI MENURUT PANDANGAN MAJELIS TARJIH DAN TAJDID MUHAMMADIYAH DAN LAJNAH BAHTSUL MASAIL NAHDLATUL ULAMA Makrus, A.
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i2.2322

Abstract

Islam provides dispensation for those who have not been able to meet these requirements not to perform the pilgrimage. Anyone who does not fulfill one of the pre-determined requirements, namely Islam, is reasonable, mature, independent, and capable, is not obliged to perform the pilgrimage. However, it is different with people who have been sick or died before having time to perform the pilgrimage in this case there is a difference of opinion among scholars. People who are sick or die and have more assets but are physically incapable of performing Hajj are replaced by other people called Badal Hajj. The Muhammadiyah Tarjih and Tajdid Council and Lajnah Bahtsul Masa'il Nahdlatul Ulama' differ in their views on the legal issue of hajj. The Tarjih Council and the Tajdid Muhammadiyah in their decision allowed Badal Hajj, because it adhered to the Hadith of the Khas'am tribe narrated by Ibn Abbas ra which stated that by delegating his pilgrimage to his children or relatives, he had to fulfill the mandatory Hajj requirements. Meanwhile, Lajnah Bahtsul Masail Nahdlatul Ulama decided on the permissibility of making other people's pilgrimages. The istinbat method always uses the opinions of previous scholars, so that the decisions are relevant to the opinions of previous scholars in their classical works. Lajnah Bathsul Masa'il Nahdlatul Ulama does not provide a limit on the badal of Hajj, and a person has the right to make another person's pilgrimage even though he is not from the family and must meet certain conditions, namely that he has performed Hajj first.
MENGGALI MAKNA ASAS LEGALITAS DAN PERKEMBANGANNYA DI INDONESIA Tahir, ach,
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 2 (2018): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i2.2319

Abstract

The principle of legality is a very fundamental principle in Positive Criminal Law and Islamic Criminal Law. The Indonesian Criminal Code Bill recognizes the principle of material legality (not absolute), so the consequence, even though it is not regulated in the legislation, is that someone's actions deserve to be punished. A person can be punished by referring to the law that lives in society. The principle of legality in positive law can actually be deviated, provided that the criminal act threatens order and security. In Islamic Criminal Law, the principle of legality can also be deviated with a note that it threatens public order and security
Kaffārah Rules on Having Intercourse During Ramaḍān: Gender Analysis of Imam Nawāwī and Ibn Qudāmah’s Opinions Billah, Mu'tashim; Nurdiansyah, Rifqi; Alyaparangu, Kaukabilla
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v9i1.2291

Abstract

This article tries to analyze the doctrine of kaffārah as the repentance for those who break the fast doing an intercourse in the day of Ramaḍān based on the opinions of Imam Nawāwī and Ibn Qudamah viewed from the perspective of gender. This is a library research that used descriptive-comparative methods along with normative and gender equity approach that discusses the text and modern context. The data was derived from the fikih’s books. This article shows that Muslims who commit a sexual intercourse in the day of Ramaḍān are burdened by an expiation that is mentioned in ḥadīṡ. Imam Nawawi stated that wife is not burdened by an expiation if she commits the intercourse, either by her willingness or under the compulsion. While Ibn Qudāmah stated that wife is burdened by an expiation if she commits it by her willingness and the legal burden will be lost if she is being under compulsion. From the perspective of gender, there is no difference between both man and woman’s kaffārah obligation. Both will get the consequence from all they have done, because both are the subjects of law. They should discuss each other on what choices to expiate their sins.
PANDANGAN DOSEN UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN CADAR: STUDI KOMPARATIF PUSAT STUDI WANITA DAN PUSAT PENGEMBANGAN BAHASA Hamdani, Amamur Rohman
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 1 (2018): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v6i1.1532

Abstract

Kebijakan membina dan mendata mahasiswi bercadar di lingkungan Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta menuai kontroversi.Banyak yang mendukung kebijakan tersebut namun tak sedikit pula yang menolak karena dianggap melanggar hak-hak mahasiswi dalam menentukan model pakaiannya. Di sisi lain, rektor UIN Sunan Kalijaga beralasan bahwa pembinaan dan pendataan tersebut untuk membendung paham radikal yang sedang berkembang. Dalam konteks ini maka perlu diketahui bagaimana pandangan dosen-dosen UIN Sunan Kalijaga terkait penggunaan cadar.Tulisan ini secara spesifik membahas pandangan dosen UIN Sunan Kalijaga yang bergiat di Pusat Studi Wanita dan Pusat Pengembangan Bahasa.Keduanya merupakan lembaga resmi di bawah naungan UIN Sunan Kalijaga yang mempunyai konsentrasi kajian berbeda.Pusat Studi Wanita dengan kajian wanita yang bercorak moderat dan progresif sedangkan Pusat Pengembangan Bahasa dengan kajian pengembangan bahasa Arab dan bahasa Inggris.Namun bukan berarti keduanya tidak dapat diperbandingkan karena penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologis yang memfokuskan bagaimana interaksi sosial dan budaya di masing-masing lembaga sehingga dapat diketahui latar belakang atau faktor dari hasil kesimpulan pandangan masing-masing lembaga tentang penggunaan cadar bagi wanita muslimah.
Keadilan Gender dalam Kewarisan Islam: Kajian Sosiologis Historis Kususiyanah, Anjar
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v9i1.2293

Abstract

This study aims to examine the justice toward women in Islamic inheritance system with a historical-sociological approach. The research method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research as an effort to understand the concepts found in a research process, using content analysis techniques and library research. From this research, it is found that according to the sociological-historical approach, the inheritance of women in Islam is not initially regulated and only applies based on customs. In pre-Islamic times, women did not have inheritance rights, even as inheritance for their closest men. that the revelation of the verse regarding Islamic inheritance did not just appear, but as a response to traditions and problems in pre-Islamic Arab society. The provision for the distribution of inheritance 2:1 is not a courtesy and universal provision. This provision cannot justify that the text is clear. The right or wrong of this provision must be measured to what extent it reflects the value of justice and equality as muhkam and universal principle. The inheritance verse makes the Arab community aware that women are not objects of inheritance; but, instead inheritance subjects like men who have the right to inherit and be inherited. So that the verse about inheritance in Q.S. An Nisa (4): 11-12, this is an effort to improve the position of women in society by adjusting the sosial conditions of society according to the era so that the distribution of inheritance 2:1 is not justice, if, it is synchronized with the current sosial phenomena.
Tindak Pidana Terorisme Dalam Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam Dan Hukum Positif Miski, Miski
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 9 No. 1 (2021): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (650.019 KB) | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v9i1.2367

Abstract

This article seeks to reveal the differences in the understanding, elements, and criminal sanctions of terrorism between Islamic criminal law and positive law that applies in Indonesia. This article is a qualitative research by utilizing literature as a source. The approach used is normative juridical to analyze data sourced from sources of Islamic law and Indonesian positive law. After being analyzed, the two sources are compared to find similarities and differences regarding criminal acts of terrorism from both perspectives. This article reveals that, in the discourse of Islamic criminal law, terrorism is equated with the concept of jarimah hirabah or acts of violence using weapons, creating fear in the victim, and resulting in the loss of other people's lives. Whereas in positive law, the element of criminal acts of terrorism is the use of violence that creates an atmosphere of terror and fear en masse. Criminal sanctions in Islamic criminal law are: killed and crucified, killed, cut off legs and arms crosswise and imprisoned. Whereas in positive law, the sanction is the death penalty, or imprisonment for a specified period of time.
Sakinah Family Establishment in The Modern Era from The Perspectives of Hamka and Quraish Shihab Amrullah, Mohammad Ghaffar; Ibrahim, Malik
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v9i2.2388

Abstract

This article explains the concept of establishment of the sakinah family according to the perspective of Hamka and Quraish Shihab. This is a qualitative research which utilizes data sourced from literature. This article shows that according to Hamka, modern Sufism can be used as a solution to achieve a happy family in this world and the hereafter, regardless of the stigma that marriage is only to have children. Sufism does not only mean zuhud which is lonely, away from the world normally, but must actively work. As for the meaning of zuhud according to Hamka, is ready to be poor, rich, and to not have any penny, and on the other hand, being willing to become a millionaire, but wealth does not the cause of forgetting God, and neglecting the obligations. This is in line with the concept that taught by Islam, that Islam advocates the spirit to fight, the spirit of sacrifice and work not to be lazy. According to Quraish Shihab, The presence of sakinah does not just come, but there is a condition for its presence, the heart must be prepared with patience and piety.
Restorative Justice Policy as Criminal Settlement in The Law of Information and Electronic Transaction (ITE) Sasmita, Ajeng Risnawati
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v9i2.2420

Abstract

Restorative justice in conflict resolution is an effort to resolve between criminals and victims of crime in criminal cases directly. More specifically, restorative justice seeks a way out by considering the good for all parties, be it for the perpetrator, the victim, or the victim's family. This article defines the basic concept of applying the Restorative Justice Policy as the settlement of criminal cases in the Electronic Information and Transaction Law. This article is a qualitative research using a conceptual normative approach. Data were collected through literature study, then analyzed using a data reduction process, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The application of Restorative Justice as a settlement of criminal cases as regulated in the legislation concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (UU ITE) is deemed appropriate considering that in the settlement of criminal cases, investigators must have the principle of prioritizing restorative justice in case settlement, and criminal law is the last resort that can be used. carried out as an effort to enforce the law (ultimum remidium), as stated in the Circular Letter Number: SE/2/11/2021 and the Chief of Police's Telegram Letter No. ST/339/II/RES.1.1.1./2021. With the process of returning to its original state (peace between the two parties), then criminal cases can be resolved and there is no need to continue the process in the judicial process.
Analisis Ijtihad Hukum Membayar Zakat Fitrah dengan Uang Menurut Yusuf Al-Qaradawi dan Wahbah Az-Zuhaili Matien, Nail Fadhel
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v9i2.2369

Abstract

This article defines the difference of ijtihad method used by Yusuf Al-Qaradawi and Wahbah Az-Zuhaili in the legal status of the permission of zakat fitrah payment with money. This article is a qualitative research using data sourced from literature. The data obtained are analyzed using a descriptive-comparative approach. This article shows, that according to Wahbah Az-Zuhaili, based on the jumhur opinion, zakat fitrah must be paid in accordance to the existing text. Meanwhile, Yusuf Al-Qaradawi argues that the payment must be flexible by considering aspects of the benefits that will be received by the poor. Methodologically, Wahbah Az-Zuhaili used qiyās as used in the asy-Syafi'i school. Meanwhile, Yusuf Al-Qaradawi, used the method of Intiqā'i and Insyā'i. This method is used to compare the opinions of scholars, then rated by the aspect of al-muqāranah wa al-muwāzanah. One of the reasons for the determination of staple foods, is, that in ancient times, the use of money as a transaction tool was not popular as it is today. The ever-changing currency value will certainly makes Islamic law (zakat al-fiṭr) not adaptive. However, the value of the benefits of money at this time, can be equated with the benefits of foods in ancient times.
Otoritas Pemahaman Hadis Sebagai Sumber Hukum Islam: Kritik Ibn al-Labbād al-Mālikī Kepada asy-Syāfi’ī Akmaluddin, Muhammad
Al-Mazaahib: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum Vol. 9 No. 2 (2021): Al-Mazaahib
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/al-mazaahib.v9i2.2387

Abstract

Understanding the hadith with different methods may have either the same result or different results, especially between ra’yu and hadith experts. The struggle for authority on understanding hadith makes this study more interesting because it involves understanding hadith itself, differences in schools of thought and which method is more authoritative in practicing a hadith. This paper discusses how Ibn al-Labbād criticized the hadith authority of as-Shafi’ī and the struggle for hadith authority and meaning. This paper uses a qualitative approach with literature review, and content analysis. The object of research in this paper is the work of Ibn al-Labbād (d. 333/944) along with his work in ar-Radd ‘alā as-Shāfi’ī. There are four categories of criticism by Ibn al-Labbād, they are: criticism of definitions, the causes of the appearance of hadith (asbāb al-wurūd), hadiths that are not fit with the verses of the Qur’an and laws that are not found in the hadith. Ibn al-Labbād’s critique of the interpretation of as-Shafi’ī is a proof that hadith text is not limited only to the understanding of the Shafi’ī school. Likewise, what was done by as-Shafi’ī also a proof so that the understanding of hadith is not only dominated and controlled by Malik.

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