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Rachmat Hidayat
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INDONESIA
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Published by HM Publisher
ISSN : -     EISSN : 28076257     DOI : https://doi.org/10.37275/oaijmr
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews (OAIJMR) is a bi-monthly, international, peer-review, and open access journal dedicated to various disciplines of medicine, biology and life sciences. The journal publishes all type of review articles, narrative review, meta-analysis, systematic review, mini-reviews and book review.
Arjuna Subject : Kedokteran - Kedokteran (Lain-Lain)
Articles 200 Documents
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Synergistic Antifungal Effects of Gardenia augusta and Averrhoa bilimbi Leaf Extracts Against Candida albicans: Implications for the Treatment of Oral Candidiasis In Vitro Study Pande Putu Karina Candra; I Made Jawi; I Gusti Ayu Artini; I Gusti Made Gde Surya Chandra Trapika
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 4 No. 6 (2024): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v4i6.682

Abstract

Oral candidiasis, commonly known as thrush, is a frequent fungal infection caused by Candida albicans that can lead to painful canker sores and more severe complications. Conventional treatments may have side effects, necessitating the exploration of alternative therapies. This study investigated the antifungal effects of Gardenia augusta and Averrhoa bilimbi leaf extracts against C. albicans in vitro. A post-test-only control group design was employed. Ethanolic extracts of G. augusta and A. bilimbi leaves were prepared. The antifungal activity of individual extracts and their combination (1:1 ratio) was evaluated against C. albicans using the agar well diffusion method. Ketoconazole (2%) served as the positive control, and 96% ethanol was the negative control. The diameter of inhibition zones was measured, and data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0. Both G. augusta and A. bilimbi leaf extracts demonstrated significant antifungal activity against C. albicans, evidenced by clear inhibition zones. The combination of extracts exhibited a synergistic effect, producing a larger inhibition zone than either individual extract. In conclusion, G. augusta and A. bilimbi leaf extracts hold promise as potential alternative therapies for oral candidiasis. Their synergistic effect suggests a potential for enhanced efficacy in treating canker sores caused by C. albicans. Further research is warranted to explore their clinical application.
Intensive Care Management of Anaphylactic Shock Secondary to Wasp Stings: A Case Report I Made Eryana; Ni Luh Putu Winda Alpiniawati; Dewa Ayu Rina Wana; I Gede Putu Jarwa Antara
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 4 No. 6 (2024): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v4i6.683

Abstract

Anaphylactic shock is a life-threatening allergic reaction that requires immediate medical intervention. Wasp stings are a common trigger for anaphylaxis, and rapid administration of epinephrine is crucial in preventing fatal outcomes. This case report describes the successful intensive care management of a patient who developed anaphylactic shock following multiple wasp stings. A 51-year-old female presented to the emergency department with anaphylactic shock after being stung by multiple wasps. She exhibited severe angioedema, hypotension, and tachycardia. Immediate treatment included intramuscular epinephrine, intravenous corticosteroids, antihistamines, and fluid resuscitation. The patient was transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) for close monitoring and supportive care. In conclusion, this case highlights the importance of prompt recognition and treatment of anaphylactic shock, particularly the administration of epinephrine. It also emphasizes the role of ICU monitoring in managing severe allergic reactions and preventing complications.
Family-Centered Approach to Malnutrition Management: A Case Study in Cikupa, Indonesia Renaldy; Ernawati
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 4 No. 6 (2024): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v4i6.684

Abstract

Malnutrition remains a significant public health issue globally, particularly in developing countries like Indonesia. This case report describes the successful management of malnutrition in a 1-year-old child using a family-centered approach within the framework of family medicine principles. A 1-year-old male child presented to the Cikupa Health Center with a history of poor weight gain and recurrent infections. A comprehensive assessment using the Mandala health assessment revealed multiple contributing factors, including suboptimal breastfeeding practices, inadequate complementary feeding, poor environmental sanitation, and limited parental knowledge of nutrition and hygiene. A tailored management plan was implemented, encompassing nutritional interventions, deworming medication, education on hygiene and sanitation, and family support. The child showed positive outcomes, including improved weight gain, reduced frequency of infections, and enhanced growth and development trajectory. In conclusion, this case highlights the effectiveness of a family-centered approach in managing malnutrition. By addressing the interconnected biological, psychological, social, and environmental factors, healthcare providers can achieve sustainable improvements in child health and well-being.
eNOS, Cardiac Senescence, and Cardiovascular Aging: A Meta-Analysis of Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Outcomes Tri Nisdian Wardiah; Ali Zainal Abidin; Taufik Indrajaya; Nur Riviati
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 4 No. 6 (2024): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v4i6.685

Abstract

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) plays a critical role in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis. Its dysfunction is implicated in cardiac senescence, a hallmark of aging characterized by cellular decline and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. This meta-analysis investigated the association between eNOS, cardiac senescence, and cardiovascular aging, exploring underlying molecular mechanisms and clinical outcomes. A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases was conducted for relevant studies published between 2013 and 2024. Studies investigating the relationship between eNOS, cardiac senescence markers (e.g., telomere length, p53, p16), and cardiovascular outcomes (e.g., heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke) were included. Data were extracted and pooled using random-effects models. Nine studies (n=4,875 participants) met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis revealed a significant association between reduced eNOS activity and increased cardiac senescence markers (standardized mean difference [SMD] = -0.85; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.20 to -0.50; p<0.001). Furthermore, eNOS dysfunction was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events (relative risk [RR] = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.25 to 2.10; p=0.001). Molecular analysis indicated that eNOS dysfunction contributes to cardiac senescence through increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and impaired autophagy. In conclusion, this meta-analysis provides compelling evidence for the detrimental role of eNOS dysfunction in cardiac senescence and cardiovascular aging. Targeting eNOS may offer promising therapeutic strategies to mitigate age-related cardiovascular decline.
Targeting Interleukin-6 Signaling with Tocilizumab in Atherosclerosis: A Meta-Analysis of Anti-Inflammatory Effects and Plaque Stabilization Ali Zainal Abidin; Tri Nisdian Wardiah; Taufik Indrajaya; Nur Riviati
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v5i1.686

Abstract

Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease, is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a crucial role in atherogenesis, making it a potential therapeutic target. Tocilizumab, an IL-6 receptor antagonist, has shown promise in reducing inflammation and stabilizing atherosclerotic plaques. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in atherosclerosis by analyzing its impact on inflammatory markers and plaque characteristics. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials was conducted from January 2013 to January 2024. Studies evaluating the effects of tocilizumab on inflammatory markers and plaque characteristics in patients with atherosclerosis were included. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies with a comparative arm were eligible. Data were extracted and pooled using a random-effects model. Nine studies (n=1248 participants) met the inclusion criteria. Tocilizumab significantly reduced CRP levels (standardized mean difference [SMD] -1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI] -1.56 to -0.90; p<0.001) and IL-6 levels (SMD -0.87; 95% CI -1.12 to -0.62; p<0.001) compared to control groups. A significant reduction in plaque volume (SMD -0.45; 95% CI -0.71 to -0.19; p=0.001) and an increase in fibrous cap thickness (SMD 0.38; 95% CI 0.12 to 0.64; p=0.004) were also observed. No significant increase in adverse events was reported in the tocilizumab group. This meta-analysis demonstrates that tocilizumab effectively reduces inflammation and promotes plaque stabilization in atherosclerosis. These findings suggest that tocilizumab may be a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing cardiovascular events in patients with atherosclerosis. Further large-scale RCTs are needed to confirm these findings and establish the long-term safety and efficacy of tocilizumab in this population.
Ultrasound-Guided Superficial Cervical Plexus Block for Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion in a Patient with Herniated Nucleus Pulposus: A Case Report Elanda Rahmat Arifyanto; Aura Ihsaniar
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v5i1.689

Abstract

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a surgical procedure performed to alleviate pressure on the spinal cord and nerve roots in the neck. Effective pain management is crucial for optimal postoperative recovery. Superficial cervical plexus block (SCPB) has emerged as a safe and effective regional anesthesia technique for head and neck surgeries. This case report describes the successful use of ultrasound-guided SCPB for ACDF in a patient with a herniated nucleus pulposus. In this study, a 48-year-old male patient presented with lower extremity weakness and hypoesthesia following a fall. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a herniated nucleus pulposus at the C5-6 level. The patient underwent ACDF surgery under ultrasound-guided SCPB. Levobupivacaine 0.5% 10 cc was administered bilaterally. The patient tolerated the procedure well, with no complications or adverse events. Postoperative pain was effectively managed with SCPB, and the patient's neurological symptoms improved significantly. In conclusion, ultrasound-guided SCPB is a safe and effective anesthetic technique for ACDF surgery in patients with herniated nucleus pulposus. It provides adequate pain control, reduces opioid requirements, and facilitates early mobilization and recovery.
Fig Leaf (Ficus carica Linn.) Extract as a Potential Alternative Treatment for Oral Thrush Caused by Candida albicans Gusbakti Rusip; Shieny Lokanata; Vivin Lydia
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v5i1.698

Abstract

Oral thrush, primarily caused by Candida albicans, is a common opportunistic fungal infection affecting the oral mucosa. The increasing resistance of C. albicans to conventional antifungal agents has led to a search for alternative treatments. Fig leaf (Ficus carica Linn.) has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties and has shown promising antifungal activity. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory potential of ethanol extract of fig leaf against C. albicans in vitro. Fig leaves were collected, dried, and extracted using ethanol. The extract was then screened for its phytochemical constituents. The antifungal activity of the extract was assessed using the disc diffusion method against a standard strain of C. albicans. Different concentrations of the extract were tested, and the diameter of the inhibition zones was measured. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests. The ethanol extract of fig leaf exhibited significant antifungal activity against C. albicans. The inhibition zones increased with increasing concentrations of the extract. The most effective concentration was 80%, which showed a mean inhibition zone diameter of 12.65 ± 1.22 mm. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoids, triterpenoids/steroids, glycosides, saponins, and tannins in the extract. In conclusion, the ethanol extract of fig leaf has the potential to be developed as an alternative treatment for oral thrush caused by C. albicans. Further studies are needed to investigate its efficacy in vivo and to identify the specific active compounds responsible for its antifungal activity.
Impact of Etelcalcetide on Cardiovascular Outcomes and Mortality in Hemodialysis Patients with Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: A Meta-Analysis Nurul Ramadhani Umareta; Fitri Rahmariani; Zulkhair Ali
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v5i1.701

Abstract

Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a common complication in hemodialysis patients, contributing to cardiovascular disease and mortality. Etelcalcetide, a novel calcimimetic agent, has shown promise in managing SHPT. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of etelcalcetide on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in hemodialysis patients with SHPT. A systematic search of electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing etelcalcetide with placebo or other active treatments in hemodialysis patients with SHPT. The primary outcomes were cardiovascular events (composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, and cardiovascular death) and all-cause mortality. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Seven RCTs (n=4,520 patients) were included in the meta-analysis. Etelcalcetide was associated with a significant reduction in cardiovascular events (RR 0.85, 95% CI 0.75-0.96, p=0.01) and all-cause mortality (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.79-0.98, p=0.02) compared to placebo. No significant difference in cardiovascular events or mortality was observed between etelcalcetide and cinacalcet. In conclusion, etelcalcetide appears to be effective in reducing cardiovascular events and mortality in hemodialysis patients with SHPT. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and to assess the long-term impact of etelcalcetide on cardiovascular health in this population.
Successful Surgical Management of Partial Obstructive Ileus Secondary to Intra-abdominal Tumor: A Case Report Bambang Irwansyah; Ida Bagus Budhi Surya Adnyana
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v5i1.702

Abstract

Partial obstructive ileus, characterized by incomplete intestinal blockage, can arise from various etiologies, including intra-abdominal tumors. These tumors, often compressing or obstructing the bowel lumen, necessitate prompt diagnosis and intervention to prevent severe complications. This case report presents a 42-year-old woman with partial obstructive ileus secondary to an intra-abdominal tumor, highlighting the diagnostic process, surgical management, and clinical outcomes. A 42-year-old female presented to the emergency department with abdominal distension, pain, and a two-day history of constipation. Physical examination revealed abdominal tenderness, and radiographic imaging confirmed partial obstructive ileus with pneumoperitoneum. Initial management focused on hemodynamic stabilization, fluid resuscitation, and nasogastric decompression. Subsequently, an exploratory laparotomy was performed, revealing an intra-abdominal tumor causing intestinal obstruction. Segmental tumor resection was successfully conducted, alleviating the obstruction. In conclusion, this case underscores the importance of considering intra-abdominal tumors in the differential diagnosis of partial obstructive ileus. Timely surgical intervention, including tumor resection, can effectively address the obstruction and improve patient outcomes. Further research is warranted to explore the long-term outcomes and prognostic factors associated with this condition.
Effective Pain Management in a Patient with Colon Cancer: A Case Report of Combined Quadratus Lumborum and Transabdominal Plane Blocks Shallahudin; Ristiawan Muji Laksono; Taufiq Agus Siswagama; Aswoco Andyk Asmoro; Buyung Hartiyo Laksono
Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Open Access Indonesian Journal of Medical Reviews
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/oaijmr.v5i2.703

Abstract

Cancer-related pain, particularly in cases of advanced colon cancer, presents a significant challenge to healthcare providers. Traditional pain management strategies, including opioids, often prove inadequate or are associated with undesirable side effects. Quadratus lumborum block (QLB) is an emerging regional anesthesia technique offering potential benefits in managing abdominal pain. This case report describes the successful implementation of combined QLB and transabdominal plane (TAP) blocks for effective pain management in a patient with colon cancer. A 53-year-old male patient with a history of colon cancer presented with severe abdominal pain at the site of his stoma radiating to his back. The pain was exacerbated by movement and significantly impacted his quality of life. Despite receiving a multimodal analgesic regimen, including a fentanyl patch and oral medications, his pain remained poorly controlled. After careful consideration, a combined QLB and TAP block was performed using ultrasound guidance. Following the procedure, the patient experienced significant pain relief, with his Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) score decreasing from 7-9 to 1-2 at rest and from 5-6 to 2-3 during movement. He reported no nausea or vomiting and was able to mobilize comfortably. This improvement in pain control facilitated his recovery and enhanced his overall well-being. In conclusion, this case report highlights the potential of combined QLB and TAP blocks as an effective pain management strategy for patients with colon cancer. This approach may offer a valuable alternative or adjunct to traditional methods, particularly in cases where opioid use is limited by side effects or tolerance. Further research is warranted to investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of this technique in a larger patient population.

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