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INDONESIA
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS)
Published by CV. RADJA PUBLIKA
ISSN : -     EISSN : 2808487X     DOI : https://doi.org/10.54443/ijerlas
This journal accepts articles on results of the research in fields of Education, Cross Culture, Law, Environmental Empowerment which are the latest issues from the results of activities or practical implementations that are problem solving, comprehensive, meaningful, latest and sustainable findings with clear goals and visionary in various activities that have innovation and creativity. So that they do not just replicate the same activities in different places but must have to measurable results and impacts for society and support the achievement of the goals set in modern human development.
Articles 939 Documents
OPTIMIZING THE FINANCIAL DECISIONS OF FEMALE WORKERS IN LABOR-INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES: AN INTERVENTION BASED ON FRAMING EFFECTS AND MENTAL ACCOUNTING IN PENSION FUND PROGRAMS Mercy Reyne Marlina; Elly Rumengan; Basri; Faris Ramadhan; Etty Sri Wahyuni
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 6 (2025): November
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i5.3739

Abstract

Female workers in the manufacturing sector in Batam City often face challenges in financial planning, particularly regarding pension funds. Lack of knowledge and information about the importance of pension funds, coupled with limited awareness campaigns, result in many workers not participating in pension programs. Additionally, a work culture focused on short-term targets often leads female workers in this sector to view long-term financial planning, such as retirement, as less important. This study aims to investigate and analyze the partial and simultaneous effects of framing effect, mental accounting, and financial decisions on the effectiveness of pension funds among female workers in manufacturing companies in Batam City. This study employs causal associative research, and the research method used is quantitative. The population in this study consists of all female workers in manufacturing companies in Batam City, whose exact number is unknown. Four manufacturing companies were randomly selected, and 50 respondents were selected from each company. The sampling method used non-probability sampling with purposive sampling techniques, with several criteria including women aged 40-50 years with a minimum of 1 year of work experience and companies employing more than 250 workers. The sample size for this study was 200 respondents. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. The results of the study indicate that the framing effect partially influences the effectiveness of pension funds, mental accounting partially influences the effectiveness of pension funds, financial decisions partially influence the effectiveness of pension funds, and the framing effect, mental accounting, and financial decisions simultaneously influence the effectiveness of pension funds. The adjusted R-squared value of 0.728 can be referred to as the coefficient of determination, This means that 0.741 (74.1%) of the effectiveness of pension funds can be obtained and explained by the framing effect, mental accounting, and financial decisions, while the remaining 25.3% (100% - 74.1% = 25.3%) is explained by variables outside the model that were not studied.
CHALLENGES IN IMPLEMENTING OPTIONAL CLAUSES IN INTERNATIONAL SALE OF GOODS AGREEMENTS(CHALLENGES IN APPLYING CHOICE CLAUSES IN INTERNATIONAL SALE OF GOODS CONTRACTS) Priscillia Putri Feliana
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): September
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i5.3757

Abstract

This research analyzes the application of choice of law and choice of forum clauses in international sale of goods contracts by Indonesian courts. It highlights the inconsistencies in juridical decisions which often confuse or ignore these concepts, causing legal uncertainty. Using a juridical-dogmatic method, the study explores four contractual clause conditions: both clauses present, only choice of law, only choice of forum, and neither. By examining several court decisions, the study reveals conceptual confusion and misapplication of private international law (PIL). It concludes that courts should distinguish these clauses clearly and apply relevant PIL principles. The study recommends ratifying the Draft Bill on PIL by adopting HCCH principles to guide judges in transnational disputes.
REFORMULATION OF GREEN VICTIMOLOGY ARRANGEMENTS IN THE LAW OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT THAT BETTER GUARANTEES LEGAL PROTECTION FOR THE ENVIRONMENT Ummu Salamah; Prija Djatmika; I Nyoman Nurjaya
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): July
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i4.3763

Abstract

This research is motivated by Law Number 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, which, in fact, remains limited accommodating the concept of green victimology in the regulation and handling of environmental crimes. Given the prevalence of environmental crimes whose perpetrators are not punished proportionately to the human and non-human losses caused, it is important to question the legal implications of applying the concept of green victimology to the legal protection of environmental victims in the Environmental Protection and Management Law and the regulation of green victimology in the Environmental Protection and Management Law that Better Ensures Legal Protection for the Environment. The type of research used by the author is normative legal research with an explanatory nature. Legal materials for analysis were obtained from primary legal sources in the form of criminal and environmental laws, as well as secondary legal materials from literature on environmental crime and green victimology. The research was conducted through literature review, using a legal and comparative approach, and analyzed qualitatively. The legal implications of applying green victimology in the Environmental Protection and Management Law (UUPPLH) encourage reforms in the definition of victims, the right to sue, recovery mechanisms, as well as sanctions and law enforcement that are more comprehensive and ecological justice. the regulation of Green victimology in the UUPPLH to ensure legal protection for the environment can begin with the reconstruction/reformulation of the UUPPLH by expanding the definition of victims to include the environment as a victim with the right to protection and selected as a subject of environmental law enforcement, up to expanding the definition of victims by including the environment as a victim with the right to protection and selected as a subject of environmental law enforcement.
RATIO DECIDENDI IN DETERMINING RIGHTS TO RESTITUTION FOR CHILDREN AS VICTIMS OF RAPE Jessyca Fatmawaty Hutagalung; Setiawan Noerdajasakti; Faizin Sulistio
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): September
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i5.3764

Abstract

This study discusses the legal regulations and basis for judges' considerations (ratio decidendi) in determining the right to restitution for children as victims of rape. The granting of restitution is often inconsistent due to differences in judges' interpretations of applicable legal norms, particularly the Child Protection Law and the Law on Sexual Violence. This study uses a normative juridical method with a qualitative approach through a review of the Cikarang District Court Decision Number 225/Pid.Sus/2024/PN.Ckr and the Padang District Court Decision Number 327/Pid.Sus/2019/PN.Pdg. The results of the study indicate that the judges in both decisions based their restitution determination on the principles of protecting victims' rights, restorative justice, and comprehensive recovery for the victims' physical, psychological, and social losses. In the Cikarang District Court Decision, restitution was awarded in the amount of Rp 29,800,000 and Rp 15,183,000 to the two child victims, while in the Padang District Court Decision the restitution awarded was much larger, namely Rp 194,125,000 to the victim's parents. The difference in nominal values occurred due to differences in the details of the proof of losses and the lack of standard technical guidelines in calculating restitution. From these findings, it can be concluded that although restitution has been recognized as an inherent right of child victims, the practice of determining restitution remains diverse and has the potential to create legal uncertainty. Therefore, clearer synchronization of regulations and technical guidelines is needed to optimize the fulfillment of restitution and ensure the protection and restoration of victims' human rights.
LIMITATIONS, HIDDEN EXCEPTIONS, AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR BETTER WORKER PROTECTION Priscillia Putri Feliana; Ida Susanti
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): July
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i4.3765

Abstract

This paper will examine the characteristics of worker exploitation that lead to unfair/indecent working conditions, the imposition of sanctions on perpetrators of exploitation, exemptions from sanctions for specific sectors, and the forms of sanctions that can be imposed. The approach to sanctions should not only serve as a deterrent to violators but also ensure the protection of victims. This study will evaluate existing labor regulations and interpret them through a socio-economic analysis to identify their weaknesses and propose improvements, aiming to create more effective regulations for worker protection. Consequently, this research employs a socio-legal study approach. One of the key findings of this study is that imposing sanctions on exploitative employers alone is insufficient to protect workers. While such sanctions may deter violations, they do not necessarily enhance worker protection. Therefore, the enforcement of civil sanctions is also crucial to ensure that victims of exploitation receive compensation for the damages they have suffered.
THE URGENCY OF LEGAL REGULATIONS RELATING TO THE AUTHENTICATION OF EVIDENCE ELECTRONICS IN THE INDONESIAN CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM Fayadh Ayyasi Regar; Milda Istiqomah; Faizin Sulistio
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): September
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i5.3773

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the urgency of electronic evidence authentication in the Indonesian criminal justice system and formulate future legal regulations that provide legal certainty regarding the validity of electronic evidence. The research method used is a juridical-normative with a statutory and conceptual approach, which is based on a literature review of national regulations and international legal instruments such as the Budapest Convention. The results of the study indicate that the absence of provisions for electronic evidence authentication in the Criminal Procedure Code creates legal uncertainty and opens up opportunities for digital evidence manipulation in court. The discussion emphasizes the importance of digital forensics as a technical authentication mechanism to ensure the integrity, authenticity, and reliability of electronic evidence. In addition, the conformity of electronic evidence with the principles of relevance and legality is still not fully regulated in the criminal procedural law system. The conclusion of this study is that electronic evidence authentication needs to be immediately regulated firmly in legislation as a form of adaptation to developments in information technology to realize justice and legal certainty in the digital era
THE POWER OF EVIDENCE OF WITNESS TESTIMONY OBTAINED FROM CHILD VICTIMS UNDER 15 (FIFTEEN) YEARS OF AGE IN CRIME AGAINST CIVIL ACTIONS Trisna Gamayanti Ma’na
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): September
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i5.3774

Abstract

One of the pieces of evidence in criminal cases is testimony based on things heard, seen and experienced by the witness directly related to the crime that occurred. Testimony is given by a person who is legally considered an adult and meets the qualifications as a valid witness as regulated in Law Number 8 of 1981. This condition does not cause obstacles in the process of proving a crime, but sometimes a crime or criminal event is only witnessed by a child, especially if the child is under 15 (fifteen years old) who is the victim of the crime. If we look at the provisions contained in Article 171 letter (a) of Law Number 8 of 1981, a child who witnesses by seeing, hearing and/or experiencing the crime himself by stating the reasons based on their knowledge can give testimony without being sworn in. Therefore, it is permitted to obtain information from child witnesses. However, the position of witness information obtained from child victims of crimes against morality which is basically not sworn in could result in the defendant of the crime against morality arguing in court that the crime allegedly committed by the defendant was done on the basis of mutual consent and not by coercion. This certainly needs to be carefully examined by the judge in the process of proof in order to assess the evidence as a consideration for the judge in sentencing decision. When resolving a case, it is necessary to pay attention to the evidence against child witnesses in the criminal justice process, this situation will make the child again face the perpetrator who does not rule out the possibility of suppressing the child's psyche and will affect the child's psychology and also especially the child's testimony in court which in the end the child's testimony will influence the judge's considerations when making a decision on the case. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that although the evidence in the form of witness statements obtained from child victims of crimes against morality can be heard in court, to determine the evidentiary strength of the evidence, it is necessary to examine the position of the child witness's statement as evidence in court as stipulated in statutory regulations.
“MADNESS AS RESISTANCE: SUBVERTING PATRIARCHAL CONTROL IN HAN KANG'S THE VEGETARIAN" Muhammad Fauzi Razak; Nur Sapta Riskiawati; Sofyan Sukwara Akfan
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 5 (2025): September
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i5.3802

Abstract

This article examines the concept of madness as a form of resistance in Han Kang's novel The Vegetarian, which deeply depicts a woman's psychological and bodily rebellion against the shackles of a patriarchal and conformist Korean society. The main character, Yeong-hye, exhibits behavior labeled as "madness" after she decides to stop eating meat—a decision that later develops into a rejection of language, social expectations, and even her own body. Drawing on Michel Foucault's theory of madness as a social construction and R.D. Laing's anti-psychiatry perspective, this study argues that Yeong-hye's descent into what is considered madness is not simply a mental disorder, but a conscious form of resistance embodied through the body. Her rejection of familial and societal norms represents an attempt to reclaim agency in a world that often oppresses women's subjectivity. Through a close reading of the narrative, this article reveals how The Vegetarian critiques mechanisms of control, discipline, and normalization within domestic and institutional structures. Ultimately, Yeong-hye's madness emerges as a counter-narrative that shakes the rational order and challenges dominant ideologies about gender, conformity, and sanity.
ETHICS OF AI USE IN MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS: CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS Gina Valerina; Leonardus Wahono Kurniawan; Veronica Nurma
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 4 (2025): July
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i4.3803

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the ethical challenges in the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in marketing communications and identify applicable solutions to address these issues. AI has provided significant benefits in marketing, particularly in terms of personalization, automation, and operational efficiency. However, challenges related to data privacy, algorithmic bias, and a lack of transparency in AI use raise significant ethical concerns. This study uses a qualitative approach with literature analysis and in-depth interviews to explore the implementation of AI in various companies. The results indicate that transparency in AI use, responsible data management, and regular algorithm audits are important solutions to maintain ethics in AI-based marketing communications. The conclusion of this study is that although AI offers significant opportunities to improve marketing effectiveness, marketers must be careful in handling ethical aspects to maintain consumer trust and avoid negative impacts.
HUMANISTIC SUPERVISION MODEL IN IMPROVING THE PROFESSIONALISM OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS IN THE ERA OF INDEPENDENT LEARNING Suhardi
International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Vol. 5 No. 3 (2025): May
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Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijerlas.v5i3.3832

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of humanistic supervision and its impact on improving the professionalism of elementary school teachers in the era of Independent Learning. The research uses a qualitative approach with a case study design carried out in one of the public elementary schools that has implemented Merdeka Belajar. The subjects of the study included the principal, the school supervisor, and 15 teachers as participants, which were determined through purposive sampling. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies, then analyzed using Miles, Huberman, & Saldaña's interactive model that included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study showed that humanistic supervision was carried out collaboratively and reflectively, through classroom visits, reflective discussions, and individual coaching that emphasized appreciation for teachers. This model has a positive impact on teacher professionalism, characterized by increased pedagogic skills, learning creativity, and teacher motivation and self-reflection. Despite the challenges of time constraints and lack of supervisor training, the implementation of humanistic supervision is supported by the school's Independent Learning policy and collaborative culture. This study concludes that humanistic supervision is effective as a strategy for fostering elementary school teachers in improving professionalism in the era of Independent Learning. These findings are expected to be a reference for school principals and supervisors in developing humanist supervision and empowering teachers.