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Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI)
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25976052     DOI : https://doi.org/10.56338/mppki
Core Subject : Health,
Public Health
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) periodic scientific journal that is published by Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu. with ISSN Number: 2597-6052 (Online - Electronic). This journal accepts scientific papers in the form of research articles and review articles in the field of health promotion and behavior science. The focus and scopes of the journal include: Health Literacy Community health empowerement and culture Health promoting hospital Health promotion in institution including tourism and industry Health media and communication technology Health promotion for infectious and non infectious diseases Lifestyle diseases including reproductive health,sexuality and HIV/AIDS Health promoting Occupational health and safety Health behaviour and education Intervention strategies in health promotion
Arjuna Subject : Profesi Kesehatan - Profesi Kesehatan (Lain-Lain)
Articles 1,320 Documents
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Promoting Clean and Healthy Living in Schools: A Pre-Experimental Study on Disease Prevention Nurlina, Nurlina; Aslinda, Aslinda; Harmawati, Harmawati; Nadeeya A’yn Mohamad Nor; Nathratul Ayeshah Binti Zulkifli; Ratna Mahmud; Abdul Halim
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v9i3.9064

Abstract

Introduction: Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) includes practices such as handwashing with soap, maintaining personal and environmental hygiene, proper waste disposal, and consuming nutritious food. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2021), up to 60% of childhood diarrhea cases can be prevented through proper hand hygiene. The Indonesian Ministry of Health (2020) also reports that the PHBS program in schools significantly reduces the incidence of infectious diseases. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a PHBS education program in promoting disease prevention and improving health behaviors among elementary school students. Methods: A pre-experimental design was used, involving 50 students from SDN Bawakaraeng III Makassar. Data were collected through pre- and post-intervention tests and observational checklists. The program, conducted over four days, with sessions on personal hygiene, environmental cleanliness, and healthy eating habits. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare pre- and post-test scores, and McNemar’s test was used to assess changes in students' health practices. Results: Pre-test results showed an average score of 65 (out of 100), while post-test results increased to an average score of 85, indicating a significant improvement of 20 points (p-value = 0.031) based on the Wilcoxon test. The improvement was greater among female students, with an average increase of 23 points, compared to male students, whose average increase was 17 points. Observations revealed that 50% of students did not know the correct handwashing steps before the intervention, which increased to 75% after the program. Additionally, students' adherence to PHBS practices improved significantly, rising from 50% to 70% (p-value = 0.013) as assessed by McNemar’s test. Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that the PHBS education program significantly improved students' awareness and practices regarding disease prevention, as evidenced by the measurable increases in knowledge and behavior change.
Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence as a Relational Process: The Roles of U=U Awareness, Discrimination, and Viral Suppression among People Living with HIV in Steady Partnerships in Indonesia Kartika Rukmi, Dwi; Rizqi Wahyu Hidayati; Kharisma Kharisma; Fika Lilik Indrawati
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v9i3.9147

Abstract

ntroduction: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is a central determinant of treatment success among people living with HIV (PLWH). However, how relational and psychosocial factors operate within steady partnerships to shape adherence remains insufficiently understood in the Indonesian context. This study aimed to examine key predictors of ART adherence among PLWH in steady partnerships, focusing on individual, relational, and therapy-related factors in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 370 PLWH with steady partners across five districts in Yogyakarta between April and July 2025 using a self-administered questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and binary logistic regression were applied to identify factors independently associated with ART adherence. Results: Overall, 78.4% of respondents demonstrated good ART adherence. In the adjusted logistic regression model, understanding the Undetectable = Untransmittable (U=U) concept (AOR = 2.26; 95% CI: 1.02–4.98; p = 0.043), absence of HIV-related discrimination (AOR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.26–0.82; p = 0.008), and having an undetectable viral load (AOR = 2.64; 95% CI: 1.61–4.32; p < 0.001) emerged as the strongest independent predictors of adherence. Other relational variables, including partner support and ART duration, were associated with adherence in bivariate analyses but did not remain significant after adjustment. Conclusions: These findings indicate that ART adherence among PLWH in steady partnerships is primarily shaped by treatment-related knowledge, stigma-free social environments, and virological outcomes. HIV care programs should prioritize U=U–based education, stigma reduction strategies, and routine viral load monitoring to sustain adherence. Relational and partner-based approaches may hold programmatic relevance but warrant further investigation through longitudinal or intervention-based studies to clarify their independent contribution to ART adherence in Indonesia.
The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality–Based Training for Family Caregivers in Supporting Post-Stroke Recovery: A Quasi-Experimental Study Sukron, Sukron; Romiko , Romiko; Putra, Heri; Sari, Indah; Agung, Muhammad; Maulana, Muhammad
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v9i3.9269

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke survivors in low-resource settings often rely on family caregivers to provide essential daily care after hospital discharge. However, many caregivers lack the necessary knowledge, skills, and confidence to perform safe and effective home-based care. Virtual Reality (VR) offers an immersive, interactive, and practical training method that may enhance caregiver preparedness and is associated with improved patient outcomes during post-stroke recovery. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a VR-based caregiver training program on functional, psychological, physiological, and cognitive outcomes among stroke survivors. Methods: A quasi-experimental pre–post design was conducted with 60 caregiver–patient pairs recruited from a community health center in South Sumatra. Participants were assigned to either a VR-based training group or a control group receiving standard discharge education. The intervention consisted of five immersive VR modules simulating stroke-care scenarios, including hygiene, feeding, transfer techniques, positioning, suctioning, and range of motion exercises. Outcome measures included systolic blood pressure, functional independence (Barthel Index), anxiety and depression (HADS), and cognitive status (MoCA). Results: Patients whose caregivers received VR-based training demonstrated significant improvements in patient outcomes compared with the control group. The intervention group showed greater reductions in systolic blood pressure (p = 0.021), increased functional independence (p = 0.041), reduced anxiety (p = 0.017) and depression (p = 0.011), and enhanced cognitive function (p = 0.032). Effect sizes ranged from moderate to large, indicating clinically meaningful improvements. Conclusion: VR-based caregiver training is a feasible, low-cost, and effective strategy associated with improved patient outcomes following caregiver training. Its immersive design provides experiential learning that may support caregiving activities in community health settings with limited resources.
Adolescents’ HIV Preventive Behavior: The Roles of HIV Literacy, HIV Sensitivity, AI Openness, and Chatbot Engagement Masruroh, Masruroh; Susanto, Agus; Wijayanti, Heny Noor
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): March 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v9i3.9270

Abstract

Introduction: Adolescents remain vulnerable to HIV due to gaps in knowledge, attitudes, and digital health engagement. Cognitive, attitudinal, and digital factors may influence preventive behaviors, yet their combined effects remain underexplored, particularly as adolescents increasingly interact with AI-driven platforms that shape health information access. Objective: This study aimed to examine the associations of HIV literacy, HIV sensitivity, AI openness, and chatbot choice with HIV preventive behaviors among adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 910 senior high school and vocational students in Sleman Regency, Indonesia. Participants completed a validated questionnaire assessing HIV preventive behavior (low vs. high) and four predictors: HIV literacy, chatbot choice, AI openness, and HIV sensitivity. Chi-square tests were used to assess bivariate associations. Multivariate logistic regression identified independent predictors, with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) reported. Results: Bivariate analyses showed that higher HIV literacy, greater HIV sensitivity, increased AI openness, and active chatbot choice were significantly associated with high-level HIV preventive behavior (all p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression confirmed all variables as significant independent predictors: HIV literacy (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.12–1.24), chatbot choice (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.05–1.16), AI openness (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02–1.14), and HIV sensitivity (OR = 1.10, 95% CI: 1.04–1.16). The model explained a meaningful proportion of variance in preventive behavior (Nagelkerke R² = 0.234). Conclusion: HIV literacy, HIV sensitivity, and engagement with AI-based digital tools significantly predict adolescents’ HIV preventive behaviors. Interventions that enhance knowledge, strengthen attitudes, and promote informed digital decision-making may reinforce HIV prevention efforts among adolescents.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice toward the Disposal of Unused Expired Medicines and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Yogyakarta Primary Health Care Woro Supadmi; Devi Indri Alvian; Larasati Aprita Nanda Setyawan; Della Friska Andani; Muhammad Muhlis; Muhammad Thesa Ghozali
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 9 No. 4 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v9i3.9182

Abstract

Introduction: The accumulation and inappropriate disposal of unused and expired drugs lead to significant risks to public health and the environment. Unsafe disposal behaviors contribute to the water and soil contamination and increase the potential for drug misuse. Recognizing community knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) is essential for developing effective health promotion strategies to improve pharmaceutical waste management at primary care level. This study primarily aimed to assess the public’s KAP toward disposal of unused and expired drugs and its implications for health promotion in Indonesian primary health care settings. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 358 participants selected through purposive sampling at Banguntapan II, Danurejan II, and Mlati II primary healthcare centers in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Data were technically collected using a prior validated questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, Spearman correlation and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse data. Results: 89.3% of participants reported they had unused or expired drugs stored in their home, and the main reason for storage was better health (52%) or excess medicine (43%). Although 64% have reported excellent knowledge and 98.3% positive attitudes, only 27.7% practiced proper disposal. (p < 0.05) Knowledge and attitudes were significantly influenced by, education income and medical history In addition, knowledge and attitude were significantly associated with disposal practices (p < 0.05). Conclusion: While public awareness, understanding and attitude were favorable, there are deficiencies in disposal practices. The implementation of pharmacist-led education, drug take-back programs and primary care services for health promotion should be strengthened in the community to raise awareness of CS use, reduce inappropriate disposal practices and protect public health through improved environmental conditions.
Integrating Primary Health Care and WASH Indicators for Spatial Prioritization of Diarrhoeal Disease Risk in Rural Eastern Indonesia Muthmainnah; Galuh Mega Kurnia; Yuliana Purnama Sari Min; Dede Nasrullah; Nurul Indah Qariati
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 9 No. 4 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v9i4.8605

Abstract

Introduction: The objective of this study is to map the distribution of diarrhoeal disease and identify priority sub-districts for targeted prevention in Manggarai District through integration of diarrhoea incidence rate and WASH indicators. The integration of these indicators into a spatial risk framework provides a practical basis for strengthening diarrhoea prevention at the primary care level. Methods: This study employed a descriptive quantitative approach with spatial mapping using Quantum Geographic Information System (QGIS) application. Data of diarrhoea incidence rate and poor WASH indicators (access to improved sanitation, clean water coverage, and handwashing with clean water behavior) from 12 sub-districts from Manggarai Health Profile 2023 and Manggarai Health Office Report 2023 were used. The sub-districts were classified into low, moderate, and high-risk priority level using scoring system and equal interval classification method. Results: West Cibal, North Rahong, and Cibal were classified into high-priority sub-districts characterized by high diarrhoea incidence rate (?4.12 cases per classification range) and poor WASH indicators. Conversely, Langke Rembong, North Satar Mese, and Wae Ri’i exhibited low diarrhoea incidence rate with optimal WASH coverage. Anomalies were found in Lelak, where high diarrhoea incidence persisted despite good WASH access, indicating possible hidden risk factors. Conclusion: The observed spatial patterns showed that inadequate water and sanitation infrastructure, combined with poor hygiene practices, are key drivers of diarrhoeal transmission. The coexistence of high disease burden and weak WASH conditions highlights inequalities in primary health care and environmental service provisioin. By integrating epidemiological, environmental, and behavioral data, this study provides a spatial framework to support targeted diarrhoea prevention and strengthen primary health care planning in resource-limited areas.
Urban-Rural Differences in Food Beliefs and Practices in Indonesia: A Qualitative Study Annisa Utami Seminar; Vieta Annisa Nurhidayati; Ali Khomsan; Hadi Riyadi; Anna Vipta Resti Mauludyani; Anna Fatchiya; Bernatal Saragih; Abdul Rahim; Made Darawati
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 9 No. 4 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v9i3.8828

Abstract

Introduction: Food beliefs and cultural practices have a significant influence on food choices, recommendations, and taboos, with variations shaped by the context of ecological, social, and local knowledge. Rural populations generally adhere to long-established traditional practices, whereas urban environments undergo more rapid dietary transitions driven by globalization and the commercial food industry. This cultural framework shapes individual interpretations of nutritional information, often leading to the rejection of health messages that contradict established belief systems. In Indonesia, considerable ethnic and geographical diversity gives rise to culturally embedded diets that can impact nutritional status; however, the dynamic interactions between food choices, recommendations, and taboos remain insufficiently studied. To address this gap, a qualitative study that explores regional variations in food beliefs and practices in Indonesia, focusing on urban–rural differences across diverse socio-ecological settings was conducted. Methods: In-depth interviews with 28 respondents and focus group discussions with 42 respondents were conducted in four provinces (West Java, Central Sulawesi, East Kalimantan, and West Nusa Tenggara) under the Socio-ecological Model (SEM) framework to investigate how dietary choices, food recommendations, and food taboos are shaped. The study was conducted in 2022. Ethical approval was obtained and all participants provided consent. Results: The findings reveal three main insights: (1) a paradoxical decoupling between dietary diversity and nutritional outcomes, wherein greater dietary diversity in Eastern Indonesia does not directly correlate with better nutrition outcomes; (2) food recommendations for mothers and infants vary, with urban areas favoring commercial products and rural areas relying more on local knowledge; and (3) food taboos persist across regions, particularly in rural Eastern Indonesia, often affecting infant and maternal nutrition. Conclusion: This study contributes to a nuanced, culture-sensitive framework to inform health communication and nutrition policies in Indonesia. These findings highlight the need for culturally sensitive and context specific nutrition policies.
Pesticide Exposure and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Farmers: A Literature Review Dyah Pramesti Puspawardaya; Suhartono Suhartono; Onny Setiani
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 9 No. 4 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v9i4.8851

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from insulin resistance or inadequate insulin secretion. While lifestyle factors are established contributors, prolonged exposure to environmental chemicals is also implicated in its etiology. The intensification of agricultural practices has led to the widespread application of various pesticides, including fungicides, insecticides, and herbicides. Consequently, hazardous compounds from these pesticides can accumulate in the human body, either through direct occupational exposure, as seen in farmers, or indirectly via the consumption of contaminated food and water. Methods: This study employed a PRISMA-guided systematic literature review of peer-reviewed observational studies published between 2015 and 2025. Relevant articles were retrieved from Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and the Undip E-Journal using predefined keywords related to pesticide exposure, farming populations, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cholinesterase activity. Studies were included if they assessed occupational pesticide exposure among farmers and reported T2DM-related outcomes, while experimental, animal, review articles, and studies lacking relevant exposure or outcome data were excluded. The PRISMA-based selection process yielded 10 studies for qualitative synthesis. Results: The review identified several occupational factors significantly associated with an increased risk of T2DM. These include a long working period (over 10 years), inadequate use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), gender, and the application of more than one type of pesticide. The underlying mechanism involves certain pesticide compounds, particularly Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) like organochlorines (e.g., DDE) and organophosphates, which act as endocrine disruptors. Exposure to these chemicals is linked to reduced cholinesterase enzyme levels and pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction, leading to insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between pesticide exposure and the incidence of T2DM among farmers. Key risk factors are prolonged exposure, unsafe work practices, and the use of specific pesticide types. Mitigation efforts, such as strict enforcement of PPE usage and farmer education on the risks of pesticide handling, are crucial as preventive measures to reduce the burden of T2DM in this vulnerable group.
Exploring Ageism: The Lived Experiences of Older Adults in Community Settings, Bengkulu City, Indonesia Nova Yustisia; Titin Aprilatutini; Encik Putri Ema Komala; Bardah Wasalamah; Desi Dwi Siwi Atika Dewi; Mahmasoni Masdar
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 9 No. 4 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v9i4.8868

Abstract

Introduction: Ageism poses a serious threat to healthy aging and remains under-researched in low- and middle-income countries. In Indonesia cultural traditions emphasize deference to elders through rituals and honorific language. At the same time, older adults often find themselves sidelined when real decisions are made in families and community groups. This stark contrast between symbolic respect and practical exclusion necessitates a more in-depth examination of the mechanisms of ageism in daily life and the responses of elderly individuals to it. This study examined the ways in which ageism affects elders in Bengkulu City, Indonesia, and how they actively resist its impact. Methods: This study is a qualitative phenomenological design using in-depth semi-structured interviews that are analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step method. Interview transcripts were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method. Purposive sampling was used to determine the participants. The total number of participants involved was 20 people aged 61-75 years (mean = 67.75, SD = 3.78), with the majority of respondents being female in Bengkulu City, Indonesia (June–September 2024). Trustworthiness increased by credibility, dependability, transferability, and confirmability. Results: This study produced four primary themes and sixteen sub-themes. Elders are venerated symbolically yet marginalized in home and community decision-making processes. Secondly, numerous individuals embrace silence and emotional suppression as a reaction to internalized ageist beliefs. Third, ageism connects with gender and socioeconomic disadvantage, exacerbating marginalization, especially for older women who serve as caretakers. Their aspirations for dignified aging highlight the necessity for dependable income, accessible healthcare, and legal protections against ageism. Conclusion: Addressing ageism in this context requires action at multiple levels. Practitioners and policymakers should empower older adults in decision-making, promote intergenerational dialogue, design gender-sensitive social protections, integrate spiritual support into elder services, and introduce robust anti-ageism legislation. By moving beyond ceremonial respect to genuine inclusion, societies can honor older adult’s contributions and ensure their dignity.
The Effectiveness of Psychoeducation Based Behavior Modification in Improving School Well-Being among Elementary School Students in Semarang City Wening Wihartati; Ari Yuniastuti; Irwan Budiono; Yuni Wijayanti
Media Publikasi Promosi Kesehatan Indonesia (MPPKI) Vol. 9 No. 4 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56338/mppki.v9i4.8959

Abstract

Introduction: This study aims to test the effectiveness of the “RELAKS” psychoeducation program, which is based on behavior modification and combines relaxation techniques, self-efficacy, and assertive behavior reinforcement to improve the school well-being of elementary school students. Methods: The study uses a quantitative experimental method with a pre-test and post-test control group design. The study subjects consisted of 50 students, including 25 experimental group students from SD Bringin 01 and 25 control group students from SD Bringin 02 in Semarang City. The research instrument used the school well-being scale questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using the Independent Sample T-Test and Paired Sample T-Test. Results: The primary outcome was the improvement of school well-being scores. The results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) across all dimensions of school well-being between the experimental and control groups, indicating the positive effect of the intervention. Furthermore, a significant increase (p < 0.05) was observed in the experimental group's scores from pre-test to post-test, confirming the effectiveness of the “RELAKS” program. The Psychoeducation program improved school well-being scores across all dimensions. In the experimental group, the Being score rose from 30.32±3.26 to 36.72±3.29 with an average difference of 6.40, falling within the 95% CI range of 5.51–7.29. The Loving dimension increased by 5.04 points (95% CI 3.22–6.86), Health increased by 4.84 points (95% CI 4.80–5.35) and Having dimension, the increase reached 2.48 points (95% CI 0.79–4.16). The effect size indicates a moderate to large category, especially in the Being dimension, which reflects the strongest impact of the intervention. Conclusion: In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the psychoeducation program effectively improves school well-being among elementary school students by integrating behavior modification techniques. This research offers valuable insights for developing supportive educational interventions.

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